california career technical education model … · california career technical education model...

California Career Technical Education Model Curriculum Standards

BiotechnologyMental and Behavioral Health

Hea

lth

Scie

nce and Medical Technology

Patient Care

Public and Community Health

Health Care Administrative Services

Health Care Operational Support Services

Table of ContentsHealth Science and Medical Technology

Overview ............................................................................................................................................ iii

California Standards for Career Ready Practice ........................................................................... vi

Sector Description .............................................................................................................................1

Knowledge and Performance Anchor Standards ............................................................................2

1.0 Academics ..........................................................................................................................................2

2.0 Communications ...............................................................................................................................2

3.0 Career Planning and Management ..............................................................................................2

4.0 Technology .........................................................................................................................................3

5.0 Problem Solving and Critical Thinking .......................................................................................3

6.0 Health and Safety ............................................................................................................................4

7.0 Responsibility and Flexibility ........................................................................................................4

8.0 Ethics and Legal Responsibilities .................................................................................................5

9.0 Leadership and Teamwork ..............................................................................................................5

10.0 Technical Knowledge and Skills ....................................................................................................6

11.0 Demonstration and Application ...................................................................................................6

Pathway Standards ............................................................................................................................7

A. Biotechnology Pathway .....................................................................................................................7

B. Patient Care Pathway ....................................................................................................................... 11

C. Health Care Administrative Services Pathway ..........................................................................15

D. Health Care Operational Support Services Pathway ...............................................................20

E. Public and Community Health Pathway ......................................................................................24

F. Mental and Behavioral Health Pathway ......................................................................................28

Academic Alignment Matrix ..........................................................................................................32

Contributors .....................................................................................................................................59

References ....................................................................................................................................... 60

HSMT | California Career Technical Education Model Curriculum Standardsii

Overview

The Career Technical Education (CTE) Model Curriculum Standards publication is organized for use as a complete document or for access to individual industry sectors and pathways. The document includes Standards for Career Ready Practice—which describe the knowledge and skills that students need prior to entering a career technical education program—as part of the career technical educa-tion sequence or as integrated elements of other course work in preparation for careers and college.

Each of the 15 industry sector sections includes a description, anchor standards, pathway standards, and an academic alignment matrix. The standards can be adjusted to be part of the curriculum (grades seven through twelve), provided through adult education, or included in community col-lege programs. The document also lists the representatives who participated in each sector’s content development and the references that were consulted to revise the CTE standards.

Standards for Career Ready PracticeCalifornia’s Standards for Career Ready Practice, which follow this overview, are based on the Career Ready Practices of the Common Career Technical Core (CCTC), a state-led initiative sponsored by the National Association of State Directors of Career Technical Education Consortium (NASDCTEc):

Career Ready Practices describe the career-ready skills that educators should seek to develop in their students. These practices are not exclusive to a Career Pathway, program of study, discipline or level of education. Career Ready Practices should be taught and reinforced in all career exploration and preparation programs with increasingly higher levels of complexity and expectation as a student advances through a program of study. (NASDCTEc 2012, 2)

California’s 12 Standards for Career Ready Practice align with the state’s CTE anchor standards and reflect the expectations from business and industry, labor and community organizations, and second-ary and postsecondary education representatives from 42 participating states.

Anchor StandardsThe 11 anchor standards build on the Standards for Career Ready Practice and are common across the 15 industry sectors. Content for these standards was drawn from several documents: “Preparing Students for the 21st Century Economy” (American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education and the Partnership for 21st Century Skills 2010); How Should Colleges Prepare Students to Succeed in Today’s Global Economy? (Association of American Colleges and Universities and Peter D. Hart Research Associates, Inc. 2006); “Importance of Skills and Knowledge for College and Career Readiness,” from The MetLife Survey of the American Teacher: Preparing Students for College and Careers (MetLife, Inc. 2011); and Are They Really Ready to Work? Employers’ Perspectives on the Basic Knowledge and Applied Skills of New Entrants to the 21st Century U.S. Workforce (The Conference Board et al. 2006).

Each anchor standard is followed by performance indicators using action verbs from the Beyond Knowledge Construct, presented in a hierarchical progression of simple tasks to more complex tasks. Performance indicators provide guidance for curriculum design and standards measurement.

Health Science and Medical Technology | HSMT iii

HSMT | California Career Technical Education Model Curriculum Standards

The industry-sector anchor standards have been customized with selected additions to better reflect the needs and special conditions of each industry sector.

Anchor Standard 1 (Academics) guides users to sector-specific core academic standards related to each industry sector, which are listed in the alignment matrix at the end of each sector section. Anchor standards 2–10 are deliberately aligned with one of the Common Core English language arts standards, using similar language demonstrating the natural connections between the two subjects. Anchor Standard 11 (Demonstration and Application) highlights classroom, laboratory, and workplace learning specific to the individual sector and pathways.

Pathway StandardsAll 15 industry sectors contain multiple pathways. In order to be identified and listed for an industry sector, each pathway had to meet the following criteria:

• unique to an industry sector

• has an occupational focus

• consistent in size and scope

• composed of similar functions

• inclusive of all aspects of the industry

• includes 8–12 pathway-specific standards

• demonstrates sequence potential

• reasonable and appropriate for high school

• leads to high-skill, high-wage, or high-demand jobs

• sustainable and viable over the next 10 years

Academic Alignment MatrixEach sector includes an academic alignment matrix that displays where a natural, obvious alignment occurs. Compiled by five teams of academic content experts in collaboration with industry-sector consultants, teachers, and other advisers, the alignment was selected if it was determined that the pathway standard would enhance, reinforce, or provide an application for a specific academic subject standard.

The alignment matrices include the subjects of Common Core English language arts and mathemat-ics standards, history/social studies standards, and Next Generation Science Core Ideas. To assist with further review and implementation, each academic alignment is notated with specific pathway standards codes.

iv

Health Science and Medical Technology | HSMT

ImplementationThe Standards for Career Ready Practice can be integrated with a course or incorporated into several courses over multiple school years (grades seven through twelve). The practices are expectations for all students, whether they are enrolled in a CTE program or following a more generalized course sequence. It is expected that all students who exit high school will be proficient in these practices.

The anchor standards are the basis for each of the pathways within each sector. These standards are designed to assist with the development of course curricula and instructional lesson plans; they describe what is to be taught and measured. In most cases, the teacher determines the sequence and strategies to be used to meet the needs of the student population he or she is serving.

The performance indicators that follow each standard offer guidance for both course design and student assessment. They are intended to guide course work as it is developed. The pathways organize the standards with a career focus, but they are not designed to be offered as single courses. Rather, the standards from each pathway are collected and organized into a sequence of learning. To meet local demands of business and industry and particular student populations, standards can be collected from more than one sector to create a course.

Using the academic alignment matrices as a resource, academic and CTE teachers can see where enhancements and support for both sets of standards can be initiated. CTE teachers can quickly iden-tify academic standards that have a substantial relationship to their instruction. Likewise, academic teachers can specify individual academic standards and quickly identify related CTE standards, which will assist them in incorporating application and technology in their curricula and lessons.

The CTE Model Curriculum Standards are intended to serve the entire education community—from middle schools and high schools to postsecondary colleges and career training programs. A major aim of these standards is to prepare students for postsecondary education and training and to help them make a smooth transition into the workforce. In order for both the people and the economy of Cali-fornia to prosper, it is essential for all students to emerge from schools ready to pursue their career and college goals. Equipping all high school students with the knowledge and skills necessary to plan and manage their education and careers throughout their lives will help to guarantee these important outcomes. Strong CTE programs will continue to provide important educational opportunities to assist students as they pursue their dreams and strive for economic prosperity. The CTE Model Curriculum Standards are a resource for educators and the business world for ensuring high-quality CTE learning experiences and improved student outcomes in the twenty-first-century economy.

v


California Standards for Career Ready Practice

Standards for Career Ready Practice describe the fundamental knowledge and skills that a career-ready student needs in order to prepare for transition to postsecondary education, career training, or the workforce. These standards are not exclusive to a career pathway, a CTE program of study, a par-ticular discipline, or level of education. Standards for Career Ready Practice are taught and reinforced in all career exploration and preparation programs with increasingly higher levels of complexity and expectation as a student advances through a program of study. Standards for Career Ready Practice are a valuable resource to CTE and academic teachers designing curricula and lessons in order to teach and reinforce the career-ready aims of the CTE Model Curriculum Standards and the Common Core State Standards.

1. Apply appropriate technical skills and academic knowledge.Career-ready individuals readily access and use the knowledge and skills acquired through experience and education. They make connections between abstract concepts with real-world applications and recognize the value of academic preparation for solving problems, communicating with others, calcu-lating measures, and other work-related practices.

2. Communicate clearly, effectively, and with reason.Career-ready individuals communicate thoughts, ideas, and action plans with clarity, using written, verbal, electronic, and/or visual methods. They are skilled at interacting with others, are active listen-ers who speak clearly and with purpose, and are comfortable with the terminology common to the workplace environment. Career-ready individuals consider the audience for their communication and prepare accordingly to ensure the desired outcome.

3. Develop an education and career plan aligned with personal goals.Career-ready individuals take personal ownership of their own educational and career goals and man-age their individual plan to attain these goals. They recognize the value of each step in the educa-tional and experiential process and understand that nearly all career paths require ongoing education and experience to adapt to practices, procedures, and expectations of an ever-changing work envi-ronment. They seek counselors, mentors, and other experts to assist in the planning and execution of education and career plans.

4. Apply technology to enhance productivity.Career-ready individuals find and maximize the productive value of existing and new technology to accomplish workplace tasks and solve workplace problems. They are flexible and adaptive in acquir-ing and using new technology. They understand the inherent risks—personal and organizational—of technology applications, and they take actions to prevent or mitigate these risks.

vi


5. Utilize critical thinking to make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.Career-ready individuals recognize problems in the workplace, understand the nature of the problems, and devise effective plans to solve the problems. They thoughtfully investigate the root cause of a problem prior to introducing solutions. They carefully consider options to solve the problem and, once agreed upon, follow through to ensure the problem is resolved.

6. Practice personal health and understand financial literacy.Career-ready individuals understand the relationship between personal health and workplace per-formance. They contribute to their personal well-being through a healthy diet, regular exercise, and mental health activities. Career-ready individuals also understand that financial literacy leads to a secure future that enables career success.

7. Act as a responsible citizen in the workplace and the community.Career-ready individuals understand the obligations and responsibilities of being a member of a com-munity and demonstrate this understanding every day through their interactions with others. They are aware of the impacts of their decisions on others and the environment around them and think about the short-term and long-term consequences of their actions. They are reliable and consistent in going beyond minimum expectations and in participating in activities that serve the greater good.

8. Model integrity, ethical leadership, and effective management.Career-ready individuals consistently act in ways that align with personal and community-held ideals and principles. They employ ethical behaviors and actions that positively influence others. They have a clear understanding of integrity and act on this understanding in every decision. They use a variety of means to positively impact the direction and actions of a team or organization, and they recognize the short-term and long-term effects that management’s actions and attitudes can have on produc-tivity, morale, and organizational culture.

9. Work productively in teams while integrating cultural and global competence.Career-ready individuals positively contribute to every team as both team leaders and team members. They apply an awareness of cultural differences to avoid barriers to productive and positive interac-tion. They interact effectively and sensitively with all members of the team and find ways to increase the engagement and contribution of other members.

10. Demonstrate creativity and innovation.Career-ready individuals recommend ideas that solve problems in new and different ways and con-tribute to the improvement of the organization. They consider unconventional ideas and suggestions by others as solutions to issues, tasks, or problems. They discern which ideas and suggestions may have the greatest value. They seek new methods, practices, and ideas from a variety of sources and apply those ideas to their own workplace practices.

vii


11. Employ valid and reliable research strategies.Career-ready individuals employ research practices to plan and carry out investigations, create solu-tions, and keep abreast of the most current findings related to workplace environments and practices. They use a reliable research process to search for new information and confirm the validity of sources when considering the use and adoption of external information or practices.

12. Understand the environmental, social, and economic impacts of decisions.Career-ready individuals understand the interrelated nature of their actions and regularly make deci-sions that positively impact other people, organizations, the workplace, and the environment. They are aware of and utilize new technologies, understandings, procedures, and materials and adhere to regulations affecting the nature of their work. They are cognizant of impacts on the social condition, environment, workplace, and profitability of the organization.

Note: As stated previously, California’s Standards for Career Ready Practice are based on the CCTC Career Ready Practices posted at https://careertech.org/ (accessed June 8, 2016).

viii

https://careertech.org/


Health Science and Medical Technology

Sector DescriptionThe standards in this sector represent the academic and technical skills and knowl-

edge students need to pursue a full range of career opportunities in health science

and medical technology, from entry level to management as well as technical and

professional career specialties. The standards describe what workers need to know

and be able to do to contribute to the delivery of safe and effective health care.

The six career pathways are grouped into functions that have a common purpose

and require similar attributes. The pathways are Biotechnology, Patient Care, Health

Care Administrative Services, Health Care Operational Support Services, Public and

Community Health, and Mental and Behavioral Health. Standards for each career

path build on and continue the anchor standards with more complexity, rigor, and

career specificity.

1


Health Science and Medical TechnologyKnowledge and Performance Anchor Standards

1.0 AcademicsAnalyze and apply appropriate academic standards required for successful industry sector pathway completion leading to postsecondary education and employment. Refer to the Health Science and Medical Technology academic alignment matrix for identification of standards.

2.0 CommunicationsAcquire and accurately use Health Science and Medical Technology sector terminology and protocols at the career and college readiness level for communicating effectively in oral, written, and multime-dia formats. (Direct alignment with LS 9-10, 11-12.6)

2.1 Recognize the elements of communication using a sender–receiver model.

2.2 Identify barriers to accurate and appropriate communication.

2.3 Interpret verbal and nonverbal communications and respond appropriately.

2.4 Demonstrate elements of written and electronic communication such as accurate spelling, grammar, and format.

2.5 Communicate information and ideas effectively to multiple audiences using a variety of media and formats.

2.6 Advocate and practice safe, legal, and responsible use of digital media information and communications technologies.

2.7 Recognize major word parts of medical terminology including roots, prefixes and suffixes.

2.8 Understand and use correct medical terminology for common pathologies.

3.0 Career Planning and ManagementIntegrate multiple sources of career information from diverse formats to make informed career decisions, solve problems, and manage personal career plans. (Direct alignment with SLS 11-12.2)

3.1 Identify personal interests, aptitudes, information, and skills necessary for informed career decision making.

3.2 Evaluate personal character traits such as trust, respect, and responsibility and understand the impact they can have on career success.

3.3 Explore how information and communication technologies are used in career planning and decision making.

3.4 Research the scope of career opportunities available and the requirements for education, training, certification, and licensure.

3.5 Integrate changing employment trends, societal needs, and economic conditions into career planning.

3.6 Recognize the role and function of professional organizations, industry associations, and organized labor in a productive society.

2


3.7 Recognize the importance of small business in the California and global economies.

3.8 Understand how digital media are used by potential employers and postsecondary agencies to evaluate candidates.

3.9 Develop a career plan that reflects career interests, pathways, and postsecondary options.

4.0 TechnologyUse existing and emerging technology to investigate, research, and produce products and services, including new information, as required in the Health Science and Medical Technology sector workplace environment. (Direct alignment with WS 11-12.6)

4.1 Use electronic reference materials to gather information and produce products and services.

4.2 Employ Web-based communications responsibly and effectively to explore complex systems and issues.

4.3 Use information and communication technologies to synthesize, summarize, compare, and contrast information from multiple sources.

4.4 Discern the quality and value of information collected using digital technologies, and recognize bias and intent of the associated sources.

4.5 Research past, present, and projected technological advances as they impact a particular pathway.

4.6 Assess the value of various information and communication technologies to interact with constituent populations as part of a search of the current literature or in relation to the information task.

5.0 Problem Solving and Critical ThinkingConduct short, as well as more sustained, research to create alternative solutions to answer a question or solve a problem unique to the Health Science and Medical Technology sector using critical and creative thinking, logical reasoning, analysis, inquiry, and problem-solving techniques. (Direct alignment with WS 11-12.7)

5.1 Identify and ask significant questions that clarify various points of view to solve problems.

5.2 Solve predictable and unpredictable work-related problems using various types of reasoning (inductive, deductive) as appropriate.

5.3 Use systems thinking to analyze how various components interact with each other to produce outcomes in a complex work environment.

5.4 Interpret information and draw conclusions, based on the best analysis, to make informed decisions.

5.5 Know how to apply mathematical computations related to health care procedures (metric and household, conversions and measurements).

5.6 Read, interpret, and extract information from documents.

3


6.0 Health and SafetyDemonstrate health and safety procedures, regulations, and personal health practices and determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and domain-specific words and phrases as related to the Health Science and Medical Technology sector workplace environment. (Direct alignment with RSTS 9-10, 11-12.4)

6.1 Locate, and adhere to, Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) instructions.

6.2 Interpret policies, procedures, and regulations for the workplace environment, including employer and employee responsibilities.

6.3 Use health and safety practices for storing, cleaning, and maintaining tools, equipment, and supplies.

6.4 Practice personal safety when lifting, bending, or moving equipment and supplies.

6.5 Demonstrate how to prevent and respond to work-related accidents or injuries; this includes demonstrating an understanding of ergonomics.

6.6 Maintain a safe and healthful working environment.

6.7 Identify and follow ecological practices applicable to the health care setting (i.e., recycling, energy efficiency, environmentally preferable chemical use, waste disposal, and water conservation).

6.8 Be informed of laws/acts pertaining to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).

7.0 Responsibility and FlexibilityInitiate, and participate in, a range of collaborations demonstrating behaviors that reflect personal and professional responsibility, flexibility, and respect in the Health Science and Medical Technology sector workplace environment and community settings. (Direct alignment with SLS 9-10, 11-12.1)

7.1 Recognize how financial management impacts the economy, workforce, and community.

7.2 Explain the importance of accountability and responsibility in fulfilling personal, community, and workplace roles.

7.3 Understand the need to adapt to changing and varied roles and responsibilities.

7.4 Practice time management and efficiency to fulfill responsibilities.

7.5 Apply high-quality techniques to product or presentation design and development.

7.6 Demonstrate knowledge and practice of responsible financial management.

7.7 Demonstrate the qualities and behaviors that constitute a positive and professional work demeanor, including appropriate attire for the profession.

7.8 Explore issues of global significance and document the impact on the Health Science and Medical Technology sector.

4


8.0 Ethics and Legal ResponsibilitiesPractice professional, ethical, and legal behavior, responding thoughtfully to diverse perspectives and resolving contradictions when possible, consistent with applicable laws, regulations, and organizational norms. (Direct alignment with SLS 11-12.1d)

8.1 Access, analyze, and implement quality assurance standards of practice.

8.2 Identify local, district, state, and federal regulatory agencies, entities, laws, and regulations related to the Health Science and Medical Technology industry sector.

8.3 Demonstrate ethical and legal practices consistent with Health Science and Medical Technology sector workplace standards.

8.4 Explain the importance of personal integrity, confidentiality, and ethical behavior in the workplace.

8.5 Analyze organizational culture and practices within the workplace environment.

8.6 Adhere to copyright and intellectual property laws and regulations, and use and appropriately cite proprietary information.

8.7 Conform to rules and regulations regarding sharing of confidential information, as determined by Health Science and Medical Technology sector laws and practices.

9.0 Leadership and TeamworkWork with peers to promote divergent and creative perspectives, effective leadership, group dynamics, team and individual decision making, benefits of workforce diversity, and conflict resolution as practiced in the Cal-HOSA career technical student organization. (Direct alignment with SLS 11-12.1b)

9.1 Define leadership and identify the responsibilities, competencies, and behaviors of successful leaders.

9.2 Identify the characteristics of successful teams, including leadership, cooperation, collabora-tion, and effective decision-making skills as applied in groups, teams, and career technical student organization activities.

9.3 Understand the characteristics and benefits of teamwork, leadership, and citizenship in the school, community, and workplace setting.

9.4 Explain how professional associations and organizations and associated leadership develop-ment and competitive career development activities enhance academic preparation, promote career choices, and contribute to employment opportunities.

9.5 Understand that the modern world is an international community and requires an expanded global view.

9.6 Respect individual and cultural differences and recognize the importance of diversity in the workplace.

9.7 Participate in interactive teamwork to solve real Health Science and Medical Technology sector issues and problems.

5


10.0 Technical Knowledge and SkillsApply essential technical knowledge and skills common to all pathways in the Health Science and Medical Technology sector, following procedures when carrying out experiments or performing technical tasks. (Direct alignment with WS 11-12.6)

10.1 Interpret and explain terminology and practices specific to the Health Science and Medical Technology sector.

10.2 Comply with the rules, regulations, and expectations of all aspects of the Health Science and Medical Technology sector.

10.3 Construct projects and products specific to the Health Science and Medical Technology sector requirements and expectations.

10.4 Collaborate with industry experts for specific technical knowledge and skills.

10.5 Complete certification in emergency care as appropriate (cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR], automated external defibrillator [AED], first aid).

11.0 Demonstration and ApplicationDemonstrate and apply the knowledge and skills contained in the Health Science and Medical Tech-nology anchor standards, pathway standards, and performance indicators in classroom, laboratory, and workplace settings and through the Cal-HOSA career technical student organization.

11.1 Utilize work-based/workplace learning experiences to demonstrate and expand upon knowledge and skills gained during classroom instruction and laboratory practices specific to the Health Science and Medical Technology sector program of study.

11.2 Demonstrate proficiency in a career technical pathway that leads to certification, licensure, and/or continued learning at the postsecondary level.

11.3 Demonstrate entrepreneurship skills and knowledge of self-employment options and innovative ventures.

11.4 Employ entrepreneurial practices and behaviors appropriate to Health Science and Medical Technology sector opportunities.

11.5 Create a portfolio, or similar collection of work, that offers evidence through assessment and evaluation of skills and knowledge competency as contained in the anchor standards, pathway standards, and performance indicators.

6


Health Science and Medical TechnologyPathway Standards

A. Biotechnology PathwayThe standards for the applications of the Biotechnology pathway relate to occupations and functions relevant for understanding and solving biomedical problems and creating products to improve the quality of human life. The standards represent knowledge and skills necessary to succeed in diverse careers in this pathway.

Sample occupations associated with this pathway:

Clinical Trials Research Coordinator

Forensic Pathologist

Biostatistician

Geneticist Lab Assistant

A1.0 Define and assess biotechnology and recognize the diverse applications and impact on society.

A1.1 Use data to explain how biotechnology fields such as pharmaceuticals, agriculture, diagnostics, industrial products, instrumentation, and research and development are impacting human life.

A1.2 Describe the use of model organisms in biotechnology research and manufacturing.

A1.3 Recognize the role of innovation in creation of emerging biotechnology careers, including those in nanotechnology, biofuels, and forensics.

A1.4 Research and identify public misunderstandings related to biotechnology and discern the source of these misunderstandings.

A1.5 Evaluate the impact of biotechnological applications on both developing and industrial societies, including legal and judicial practices.

A1.6 Explore and outline the various science and non-science fields and careers associated with biotechnology.

A2.0 Understand the ethical, moral, legal, and cultural issues related to the use of biotechnology research and product development.

A2.1 Know the relationship between morality and ethics in the development of biotechnology health care products.

A2.2 Know the difference between personal, professional, and organizational ethics.

A2.3 Understand the necessity for accurate documentation and record keeping.

A2.4 Understand the critical need for ethical policies and procedures for institutions engaged in biotechnology research and product development.

A2.5 Describe the dilemma of health care costs related to advancements in biotechnology and public access to treatments.

A2.6 Prepare a presentation comparing the benefits and harm that can be the result of biotechnology innovations in both the research and application phases and which course of action will result in the best outcomes.

7


A3.0 Demonstrate competencies in the fundamentals of molecular cell biology, including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and proteins and standard techniques for their purification and manipulation.

A3.1 Define and describe the structure and function of DNA ribonucleic acid (RNA) and proteins, explain the consequences of DNA mutations on proteins.

A3.2 Describe enzyme structure and function, diagram the impact of enzymes and catalysis on reaction rates, and recognize the emerging role of enzymes in replacing industrial chemicals.

A3.3 Employ standard techniques of DNA extraction, purification, restriction digests, bacte-rial cell culture, and agarose gel electrophoresis and document and evaluate results.

A3.4 Employ standard protein techniques, including antibody production, enzyme assays, spectrophotometry, gel electrophoresis, and chromatography and document and evaluate results.

A3.5 Predict outcomes of DNA and protein separation protocols.

A4.0 Recognize basic concepts in cell biology and become familiar with the laboratory tools used for their analysis.

A4.1 List and describe the structure and function of cellular organelle.

A4.2 Describe conditions that promote cell growth under aseptic conditions in the laboratory and workplace.

A4.3 Use various methods to monitor the growth of cell cultures.

A4.4 Explain the basic concepts of cell growth and reproduction, DNA replication, mitosis, meiosis, and protein synthesis.

A4.5 Discuss the structure and function of the macromolecules that compose cells, including carbohydrates, lipids, DNA, RNA, and protein molecules.

A4.6 Distinguish between prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells, and viruses.

A4.7 Conduct indicator tests for the common macromolecules of the cell.

A5.0 Integrate computer skills into program components.

A5.1 Use the Internet and World Wide Web to collect and share scientific information.

A5.2 Use a variety of methods, including literature searches in libraries, computer databases, and online for gathering background information, making observations, and collecting and organizing data.

A5.3 Compile labs (results, tables, graphs) in a legal scientific notebook and/or an Internet site or Web page.

A6.0 Implement use of the metric system, orders of magnitude, and the pH scale in preparation of reagents, analysis of data, and graphing.

A6.1 Apply knowledge of symbols, algebra, and statistics to graphical data presentation.

8


A6.2 Prepare solutions based on both percent and weight composition to demonstrate proficiency in use of mechanical and digital microbalances.

A6.3 Calculate and prepare solutions of various molarity; calculate and prepare buffers of various pH; and prepare serial dilutions.

A6.4 Create data tables and graphs using Excel for the purpose of collecting and analyzing data.

A7.0 Understand the function of regulatory agencies for the biotechnology industry and the lasting impact of routine laboratory and communication practices on product development and manufacturing.

A7.1 Identify agencies at the local, state, and federal levels.

A7.2 Be aware of the role of agencies in promoting patient safety, quality control, and entrepreneurship.

A7.3 Describe intellectual property.

A7.4 Understand a patent and use online resources to search a patent database.

A7.5 Demonstrate accurate record keeping and follow good laboratory practice (GLP) for lab notebooks.

A7.6 Articulate issues of ethical concern, including plagiarism, copyrights, trademarks, and patents and use online data resources and searchable databases to investigate a copyright, trademark, or patent.

A8.0 Follow sustainable and safe practices with high regard for quality control.

A8.1 Follow written protocols and oral directions to perform a variety of laboratory and technical tasks.

A8.2 Recognize laboratory safety hazards using safe practices to avoid accidents.

A8.3 Locate and use Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).

A8.4 Outline the appropriate responses to a laboratory accident including identification of location and use of emergency equipment.

A8.5 Practice laboratory and personal safety including the location and use of emergency equipment (personal protective equipment, no food or drink, no open-toe shoes).

A8.6 Properly and safely use and monitor a variety of scientific equipment, including pH meters, microscopes, spectrophotometers, pipets, micropipets, and balances.

A8.7 Determine which equipment is appropriate to use for a given task and the units of measurement used.

A8.8 Perform specimen collection, label samples, and prepare samples for testing.

A8.9 Handle, transport, and store samples safely.

9


A9.0 Understand that manufacturing represents inter-connectedness between science and production.

A9.1 Describe the major steps of a product’s move through a company’s product pipeline.

A9.2 Identify several products obtained through recombinant DNA technology.

A9.3 Outline the steps in production and delivery of a product made through recombinant DNA technology.

A9.4 Cite examples of plant parts or extracts used as pharmaceuticals.

A9.5 Use the Internet to find information about traditional pharmaceuticals, herbal rem-edies, and recombinant pharmaceuticals.

A9.6 Evaluate the impact of robotics and automation on aseptic processes.

A9.7 Design a flow chart describing the steps for creating a new drug from hypothesis to distribution.

10



B. Patient Care PathwayThe standards for the Patient Care pathway apply to occupations or functions involved in the prevention, treatment, and management of illness and the preservation of mental and physical well-being through the services offered by the medical and allied health professions. The standards specify the knowledge and skills needed by professional and technical personnel pursuing careers in this pathway.


Kinesiotherapist

Nurse Anesthetist

Respiratory Therapist

Radiologic Technician

Dental Hygienist

B1.0 Recognize the integrated systems approach to health care delivery services: prevention, diagnosis, pathology, and treatment

B1.1 Know relationship and use of an integrated health care delivery system.

B1.2 Understand the range between prevention, diagnosis, pathology, and treatment procedures.

B1.3 Understand the significance of nontraditional approaches to health care in relationship to delivery systems.

B1.4 Illustrate the value of preventive and early intervention in relationship to health care practices.

B1.5 Describe the importance of reimbursement systems in relationship to the delivery of patient care.

B2.0 Understand the basic structure and function of the human body and relate normal function to common disorders.

B2.1 Know basic human body structure and function in relationship to specific care between prevention, diagnosis, pathology, and treatment.

B2.2 Describe basic stages of growth and development.

B2.3 Recognize common disease and disorders of the human body.

B2.4 Compare normal function of the human body to the diagnosis and treatment of disease and disorders.

B3.0 Know how to apply mathematical computations used in health care delivery system.

B3.1 Apply mathematical computations related to health care procedures (metric and household, conversions and measurements).

B3.2 Analyze diagrams, charts, graphs, and tables to interpret health care results.

B3.3 Record time using the 24-hour clock.

11


B4.0 Recognize and practice components of an intake assessment relevant to patient care.

B4.1 Conduct basic interview to acquire new knowledge (e.g., medical and family histories).

B4.2 Identify and summarize major life events as they impact health care practices and patient outcomes.

B4.3 Observe patient actions, interests, and behaviors while documenting responses.

B4.4 Collect and synthesize information or data about the patient’s symptoms and vital signs.

B4.5 Evaluate information gathered and connect patient data to appropriate system of care.

B5.0 Know the definition, spelling, pronunciation, and use of appropriate terminology in the health care setting.

B5.1 Use medical terminology in patient care appropriate to communicate information and observations.

B5.2 Accurately spell and define occupationally specific terms related to health care.

B5.3 Use roots, prefixes, and suffixes to communicate information.

B5.4 Use medical abbreviations to communicate information.

B5.5 Know the basic structure of medical terms.

B5.6 Demonstrate the correct pronunciation of medical terms.

B5.7 Practice word building medical terminology skills.

B6.0 Communicate procedures and goals to patients using various communication strategies to respond to questions and concerns.

B6.1 Observe and document the ability of patients to comprehend and understand procedures and determine how to adjust communication techniques.

B6.2 Use active listening skills (e.g., reflection, restatement, and clarification) and communication techniques to gather information from the patient.

B6.3 Formulate appropriate responses to address the patients concerns and questions in a positive manner.

B6.4 Employ sensitivity and withhold bias when communicating with patients.

B6.5 Report patient’s progress and response to treatment goals.

B6.6 Maintain written guidelines of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in all communications.

B7.0 Apply observation techniques to detect changes in the health status of patients.

B7.1 Demonstrate observation techniques.

B7.2 Differentiate between normal and abnormal patient health status.

B7.3 Document the patient findings and report information appropriately.

B7.4 Plan basic care procedures within the scope of practice to assist with patient comfort.

12


B8.0 Demonstrate the principles of body mechanics as they apply to the positioning, transferring, and transporting of patients.

B8.1 Explain the principles of body mechanics.

B8.2 Determine appropriate equipment for transportation and transfer, including the modification of equipment and techniques to accommodate the health status of the patient.

B8.3 Demonstrate appropriate transport and transfer methods to accommodate the health status of the patient.

B8.4 Evaluate equipment for possible hazards.

B8.5 Integrate proper body mechanics, ergonomics, safety equipment, and techniques to prevent personal injury to patients and clients.

B9.0 Implement wellness strategies for the prevention of injury and disease.

B9.1 Know and implement practices to prevent injury and protect health for self and others.

B9.2 Determine effective health and wellness routines for health care workers (i.e., stress management, hygiene, diet, rest, and drug use).

B9.3 Identify practices to prevent injuries and protect health, for self and others (i.e., seatbelts, helmets, and body mechanics).

B9.4 Know how to access available wellness services (i.e., screening, exams, and immunizations).

B9.5 Identify alternative/complementary health practices as used for injury and disease prevention.

B9.6 Explore consequences of not utilizing available wellness services and behaviors that prevent injury and illness.

B10.0 Comply with protocols and preventative health practices necessary to maintain a safe and healthy environment for patients, health care workers, coworkers, and self within the health care setting.

B10.1 Describe the infection control cycle with consideration of the various types of microorganisms.

B10.2 Demonstrate use of facility policies and procedures of infection control while performing patient care.

B10.3 Evaluate potential causes and methods of transmitting infections and how to apply standard precautionary guidelines.

B10.4 Demonstrate the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).

B10.5 Practice proper hand hygiene.

B10.6 Use various manual and mechanical decontamination and sterilization techniques and procedures.

B10.7 Document and analyze sanitation and infection control procedures.

13


B11.0 Comply with hazardous waste disposal policies and procedures, including documentation, to ensure that regulated waste is handled, packaged, stored, and disposed of in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations.

B11.1 Describe basic emergency procedures used to respond to a hazardous spill.

B11.2 Explain how waste is handled, packaged, stored, and disposed of in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations including hazardous chemicals, biohazards, and radioactive materials.

B11.3 Adhere to the health care setting’s waste management program (e.g., recycling and reduction of regulated medical, solid, hazardous, chemical, and radioactive waste materials).

B11.4 Apply protective practices and procedure for airborne and blood-borne pathogens for equipment and facilities and identify unsafe conditions for corrective action.

B12.0 Adhere to the roles and responsibilities, within the scope of practice, that contribute to the design and implementation of treatment planning.

B12.1 Understand scope of practice and related skills within prevention, diagnosis, pathology, and treatment occupations.

B12.2 Describe the various roles and responsibilities of health care workers as team members in an integrated health care delivery system

B12.3 Demonstrate the knowledge and delivery of specific skills and procedures as outlined within the scope of practice appropriate for patient care in prevention, diagnosis, pathology, and treatment.

B12.4 Follow appropriate guidelines for implementation of various procedures.

B13.0 Research factors that define cultural differences between and among different ethnic, racial, and cultural groups and special populations.

B13.1 Utilize culturally appropriate community resources.

B13.2 Recognize complementary and alternative medicine as practiced within various cultures.

B13.3 Develop ethnographic skills, by location and information retrieval, carefully observe social behavior, and manage stress and time.

B13.4 Ask questions and explore aspects of global significance.

B13.5 Analyze data using relevant concepts.

B13.6 Know when and how to incorporate trained interpreters to facilitate communication and improve patient outcomes.

14



C. Health Care Administrative Services PathwayHealth care administrative workers include site administrators, managers, attorneys, receptionists, secretaries, billing and coding specialists, health informatics technicians, accountants, managers, and other knowledge workers that support the process of patient care. Health care administrative workers are the invisible backbone of health care; without appropriately skilled workers in these fields, health care systems simply could not function.


Clinical Data Specialist

Ethicist

Medical Illustrator

Health Care Administrator

C1.0 Understand health care systems as the organization of people, institutions, funding, and resources as well as the broad scope of operations in which health care services are delivered to meet the health needs of target populations.

C1.1 Understand the specific roles and responsibilities of health care workers, including the health care administrative role of leadership for individuals and the organization within a variety of health care delivery systems.

C1.2 Recognize the resources necessary for a health system (e.g., financial, health informatics, diagnostic equipment, pharmaceuticals, and other therapeutic resources).

C1.3 Recognize the different general methods of funding health care (e.g., out-of-pocket payments, health insurance, government funding, charities).

C1.4 Recognize major specific payment systems (e.g., Medicare, Medicaid, Workers Compensation).

C1.5 Recognize the varied vital roles that health care administrative workers serve in the health care process.

C1.6 Understand the full process of health care delivery (e.g., from patient illness or injury to recovery).

C1.7 Understand common U.S. models for structuring health care funding (e.g., Health Maintenance Organizations [HMOs], Preferred Provider Organization [PPOs], Managed Care Organization [MCOs], and Independent Physician Association [IPAs]).

C1.8 Diagram a selected health care organization.

C2.0 Understand the various health care provider and support roles in patient care as an integrated, comprehensive health care system, to offer the very best options for treatment of patients.

C2.1 Recognize health care identifiers (e.g., National Provider Indicator [NPI], Drug Enforcement Administration [DEA] numbers, and Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments [CLIA] numbers).

15


C2.2 Describe common medical record documentation formats (e.g., Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan [SOAP] notes, admission notes).

C2.3 Understand the major forms of health care interventions (e.g., preventive, curative, palliative).

C2.4 Understand the difference between different patient care provider and support roles (e.g., health care administrator, clinical data specialist, health informatics technician, and billing and coding specialist).

C3.0 Understand the overarching concepts of economic and financial management systems, system and information management, and the latest innovations in health care as they affect health care delivery.

C3.1 Understand the basics of business principles, systems thinking, and business management.

C3.2 Understand operational planning and management tools for performance and quality improvement.

C3.3 Understand development of financial statements, statement generation, reimbursement systems, costing process, measurement, and control.

C3.4 Execute financial mathematics, e.g., time value of money calculations, capital budgeting, return on investment, and project risk analyses.

C3.5 Perform differential reimbursement calculations by payers (e.g., Medicare/Medicaid, self-pay, managed care) and describe the major principles of health insurance.

C3.6 Understand and explain economic evaluation (e.g., cost benefit/cost effectiveness analysis).

C4.0 Know the role and relationship of public policies and community engagement on the health care delivery system.

C4.1 Understand community needs and values and the role of external relations (e.g., demographic/population contexts for development and management of health care services).

C4.2 Comprehend and explain the legal and regulatory environment for health services.

C4.3 Recognize and explain quantity of health care services.

C4.4 Analyze public policy context and choices relating to specific health care delivery systems.

C5.0 Understand and maintain standards of excellence, professional, ethical, and moral conduct required in management of personnel and policy within the health care delivery system.

C5.1 Understand the alignment of personal and organizational conduct management with ethical and professional standards.

C5.2 Know the organizational responsibility to the patient and community and a commit-ment to lifelong learning and improvement.

16


C5.3 Practice the philosophy of respect for life and the need for a balance of benefit over harm resulting from any intervention.

C6.0 Understand the dynamics of human relations, self-management, organizational, and professional leadership skills necessary within the health care administrative system.

C6.1 Identify leadership skills and explain their value to an organization.

C6.2 Understand image building and public relations techniques.

C6.3 Know and assess decision-making skills.

C6.4 Demonstrate effective teamwork and critical analysis applying conflict-resolution techniques.

C6.5 Examine the value of leadership skills, self-initiation, and confidence through personal reflection.

C6.6 Demonstrate parliamentary procedure skills through team activities.

C6.7 Describe human resource management and its importance to the successful operation of an organization.

C7.0 Follow the model of medical safety practices and processes that can help prevent system medication errors and understand the consequences of mistakes.

C7.1 Recognize the major consequences mistakes in health care may cause (e.g., deaths, lawsuits).

C7.2 Recognize the critical nature of accurate and complete documentation (e.g., medical allergies, conflicting prescriptions).

C7.3 Identify patients accurately using appropriate strategies (e.g., continual verification).

C7.4 Delineate the process for assessing information required by patients, staff, and the community to determine the best course of action.

C8.0 Understand the resources, routes and flow of information within the health care system and participate in the design and implementation of effective systems or processes.

C8.1 Describe an effective health care information system, including resources, routes, and flow of information.

C8.2 Enter information within the parameters of the information system. (e.g., entering appropriate data types in the appropriate fields).

C8.3 Follow security guidelines to protect patient data.

C8.4 Evaluate the effectiveness of health information systems and determine improvement strategies.

C9.0 Use an electronic health care patient information system to optimize the acquisition, storage, retrieval, and use of information in health and biomedicine.

C9.1 File records using various methodologies (e.g., alphabetically, by patient record number).

C9.2 Enter information within the parameters of the information system. (e.g., entering appropriate data types in the appropriate fields).

17


C9.3 Archive and purge documents following policies and regulatory guidelines.

C9.4 Compose a rationale that compares and contrasts the relative advantages and disadvantages of paper versus electronic records.

C9.5 Distinguish which type of documents must have hard copies retained, and which may be stored only in digital form.

C10.0 Understand common file formats for document and medical imaging, digitizing paper records, and storing medical images.

C10.1 Understand basic document and medical imaging concepts (e.g., resolution, color-depth, compression).

C10.2 Understand common file formats for document and medical imaging (e.g., tagged image file format [TIFF], joint photographic experts group [JPEG], 2000).

C10.3 Demonstrate how to scan paper records.

C10.4 Calculate the approximate storage needs for digitized records and images.

C10.5 Attach digitized records and medical images to patient records.

C11.0 Know how to schedule and manage appointments for providers.

C11.1 Understand prioritizing methods (e.g., first-come, first-served; emergency appointments; types of procedures).

C11.2 Recognize the logistical challenges of appointments (e.g., quality of care versus cost of care).

C11.3 Manage provider general schedules (e.g., what days and times providers are available).

C11.4 Understand how to schedule patient appointments for providers.

C11.5 Explain how to communicate the status of an appointment to the provider.

C12.0 Understand how to use health information effectively.

C12.1 Recognize the major uses of health information (e.g., patient care, billing, research).

C12.2 Determine which data components are necessary for the successful completion of tasks.

C12.3 Formulate and report information clearly and concisely.

C12.4 Disseminate information to various audiences.

C13.0 Understand the need to communicate health/medical information accurately and within legal/regulatory bounds across the organization.

C13.1 Determine which communication methods patients have approved (e.g., e-mail, phone, voicemails).

C13.2 Determine who has been approved for receiving patient communications beyond the patient (e.g., family members, lawyers).

C13.3 Communicate with patients compassionately, accurately, and effectively.

C13.4 Use information technology for mass communications (e.g., mail merge, e-mail, auto-dialers).

18


C14.0 Understand how to transfer information to third-parties.

C14.1 Recognize the types of third parties that may need patient information (e.g., specialists, pharmacies, insurance companies).

C14.2 Understand the laws and regulations regarding the transfer of information to a third party (e.g., when a company is a covered entity, when a business agreement is required).

C14.3 Use various technologies to transmit information securely (e.g., fax, electronic and postal mail).

C15.0 Code health information and bill payers using industry standard methods of classification of diseases, current procedural terminology, and common health care procedure coding system.

C15.1 Understand the basic concepts of accrual-based accounting (e.g., accounts payable, accounts receivable, credits, debits).

C15.2 Understand medical record documentation (e.g., chart notes, injections, medications, lab reports).

C15.3 Synthesize required information from a medical record and other medical documents for a variety of purposes upon regulatory or legal request.

C15.4 Translate code services (e.g., diagnostic procedures, surgeries) using industry standard methods (e.g., International Classification of Diseases-ninth Ed. [ICD-9], Current Procedural Terminology-fourth Ed. [CPT-4], Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System [HCPCS]).

C15.5 Demonstrate how to bill third-party payers (e.g., insurance companies, Medicare).

C15.6 Receive and process information from third-party payers (e.g., Explanation of Benefits [EOB], Remittance Advice).

C15.7 Audit and analyze coding done by others to determine proper billing.

C16.0 Use a systematic method of continual process improvement.

C16.1 Learn new knowledge and skills regularly (e.g., on-the-job-training [OJT], continuing education).

C16.2 Discover new knowledge through primary research methodologies (e.g., experiments, surveys, data analysis).

19



D. Health Care Operational Support Services PathwayThe standards for the Operational Support Services pathway apply to occupations or job functions necessary to provide an environment and support systems for the delivery of health care. Careers could include central supply, facility maintenance, food services, interior decorating, housekeeping, biomedical engineering, epidemiology, social worker, biomedical technician and others.


Clinical Simulator Technician

Central Service Technician

Hospital Management Engineer

Materials Manager

D1.0 Describe the process for monitoring clients’ expectations by using plans to promote satisfaction and measurement tools to ensure sufficiency of products and delivery of services.

D1.1 Understand the responsibilities of their roles and perform their tasks safely by using appropriate guidelines.

D1.2 Know how to provide support to standardization, consolidation, and re-engineering processes.

D1.3 Explain the importance of coordinating intradepartmental activities, including event planning and logistics, with outside agencies and contractors.

D1.4 Evaluate and determine a process operational systems improvement.

D2.0 Assess basic operating procedures of support services.

D2.1 Identify activities that require coordination between various departments.

D2.2 Implement purchasing and procurement techniques.

D2.3 Develop a preventative maintenance program for equipment and services.

D2.4 Explain staffing needs and productivity.

D2.5 Develop reporting mechanisms for measuring productivity.

D2.6 Investigate systems and procedures that minimize customer cost of ordering, and storing and using supplies, services, and equipment.

D2.7 Integrate infection control standards with design and construction activities.

D2.8 Discuss the relationships among organization structures, policies, procedures, and quality assurance.

D3.0 Comply with legal regulations and facility standards for design, construction, maintenance, and improvement of health care facilities and environments.

D3.1 Recognize physical, procedural, and electronic barriers.

D3.2 Describe the process for evaluating compliance with corporate, legal, regulatory, and accreditation standards, ethics, and codes.

20


D3.3 Adhere to the federal, state, and local regulations that apply to accreditation, design, and construction of a health care facility.

D3.4 Use appropriate action to maintain a facility in good repair (e.g., report, make recommendations, or repair).

D3.5 Analyze the therapeutic and functional aspects of color, decor, and furnishings as well as the process for coordinating facility furnishings and finishes in accordance with appropriate safety codes.

D3.6 Evaluate how risk management can apply to support services functions.

D4.0 Comply with protocols and practices necessary to maintain a clean and healthy work environment.

D4.1 Demonstrate the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).

D4.2 Practice proper hand hygiene.

D4.3 Use various manual and mechanical decontamination and sterilization techniques and procedures.

D4.4 Evaluate potential causes and methods of transmitting infections and how to apply standard precautionary guidelines.

D4.5 Document and analyze sanitation and infection control procedures.

D4.6 Describe the care needed when handling chemicals.

D4.7 Describe basic emergency procedures used to respond to a hazardous spill.

D4.8 Explain how waste is handled, packaged, stored, and disposed of in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations, including hazardous chemicals, biohazards, and radioactive materials.

D4.9 Comply with hazardous waste disposal policies and procedures, including documenta-tion, to ensure that regulated waste is handled, packaged, stored, and disposed of in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations.

D4.10 Implement a waste management program, including the recycling and reduction of regulated medical, solid, hazardous, chemical, and radioactive waste materials.

D4.11 Demonstrate protection from blood-borne pathogens and identify unsafe conditions for corrective action.

D5.0 Use principles and techniques of resource management to make appropriate decisions.

D5.1 Identify components of a comprehensive training program for health care employees, including safety, infection control, handling of hazardous materials, and use of equipment.

D5.2 Follow procedures and processes for the selection, acquisition, distribution, and maintenance of equipment and understand preventive maintenance for buildings and equipment.

D5.3 Demonstrate the process for developing inventory-reduction targets to achieve the financial goals of health care organizations.

21


D5.4 Use distribution strategies and systems to ensure the optimal flow of materials.

D5.5 Understand a department’s labor distribution reports to ensure the proper allocation of resources for projects and operations.

D5.6 Evaluate competitive pricing, terms, and service levels to support product recommen-dations.

D6.0 Collect and distribute essential patient information to appropriate team members.

D6.1 Recognize and report unusual or unsafe environmental conditions.

D6.2 Recognize ethical conflicts related to assessment practices (e.g., labeling, confidentiality).

D6.3 Document actions according to the facility’s protocol and regulatory guidelines.

D6.4 Maintain confidentiality according to the facility’s protocol as well as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).

D7.0 Assess and maintain materials for quality management.

D7.1 Describe risk management strategies.

D7.2 Describe the use of calibration.

D7.3 Use appropriate inventory and control systems to purchase materials, supplies, and capital equipment.

D7.4 Perform quality control activities using manuals and following directions appropriately.

D7.5 Maintain equipment (e.g., imaging, laboratory).

D7.6 Send, receive, and distribute material for services.

D7.7 Organize inventory, purchase orders, and products.

D7.8 Inspect facilities to ensure compliance with standards, regulations, and codes.

D7.9 Assess procedures and processes to select, acquire, and maintain inventory.

D7.10 Evaluate cost effectiveness of alternative methods for inventory control.

D7.11 Discuss policies and procedures to monitor, distribute, and consume materials.

D8.0 Demonstrate handling and storage of materials, supplies, and equipment.

D8.1 Describe and implement a program to purchase materials, supplies, and capital equipment with allocated resources.

D8.2 Use appropriate safety equipment.

D8.3 Explain inventory control.

D8.4 Demonstrate appropriate inventory control systems (e.g., distribution, consumption, intentional loss of materials or supplies).

D8.5 Demonstrate proper care in handling and storage of sterile and non-sterile items.

22


D9.0 Analyze the business structure of supply and service management.

D9.1 Describe the components of a purchasing agreement.

D9.2 Describe the supply chain process.

D9.3 Explain bids and quotes for supply and service selection.

D9.4 Explain competitive pricing.

D9.5 Assess integration of resource functions.

D9.6 Assess purchasing and procurement techniques that improve quality and supply.

D9.7 Utilize technology and translate how it supports the supply chain process.

D9.8 Discuss the cost benefits of supply and service selection.

D9.9 Analyze the impact of timely order placement and supplier performance.

D10.0 Demonstrate the ability to prepare, assemble, and deliver a nutritious, high-quality meal for the clients they serve.

D10.1 Prepare a food tray with the appropriate utensils and food items as prescribed to meet dietary requirements.

D10.2 Deliver trays to the specified area of the health care facility.

D10.3 Using National Health Occupations Students of America (HOSA) Nursing Assisting guidelines, prepare the patient for a meal.

D10.4 Using state and federal standards for examining food temperatures, follow guidelines for inspecting the safety of food.

D11.0 Demonstrate and use the correct transport equipment.

D11.1 Assess the protocol for transporting a patient to surgery versus a patient to radiology.

D11.2 Practice proper body mechanics and safety measures while transferring a patient from an emergency room to the assigned room and document results of the transfer.

D11.3 Demonstrate and recite procedures about safe patient transport for interdepartmental transfers or upon discharge.

D12.0 Understand the need for an effective emergency preparedness plan.

D12.1 Describe different types of emergency preparedness plans (e.g., homeland security, natural disaster, pandemic, crisis planning).

D12.2 Explain emergency procedures for staff, including supplies needed in the event of an internal or external disaster.

D12.3 Participate in educational and training programs related to emergency preparedness planning.

D12.4 Assess the Emergency Preparedness Plan.

23



E. Public and Community Health PathwayThe standards for the Public and Community Health pathway apply to occupations or functions involved primarily in environmental health, community health and health education, epidemiology, disaster management, and geriatrics. The standards specify the knowledge and skills needed by professionals pursuing careers in this pathway.


Community Health Worker

Epidemiologist

Health Educator

Advocate

Environmentalist

E1.0 Understand the context and scope of public health on improving health and quality of life in personal, community, and the global population.

E1.1 Understand written text about the history, philosophy, services, and careers in public health.

E1.2 Describe the environmental, behavioral, biological, and socio-economic factors as well as access, quality, intervention and cost of medical care that are central to communities and the population.

E1.3 Identify the roles and responsibilities of public health in addressing populations, health disparity, and disaster prevention and management.

E1.4 Explain how public health can utilize health information and health communications to improve the health of populations.

E1.5 Explain how public health can utilize social and behavioral interventions to improve the health of populations.

E1.6 Explain how public health can utilize health policy and law to improve the health of populations.

E1.7 Explain how public health assesses the options for intervention to improve the health of a population.

E1.8 Explain the impact of the environment and communicable diseases on the health of populations.

E1.9 Compare the scope of current public health policies with past practices.

E1.10 Defend health decisions, individual rights, and social responsibilities.

E2.0 Design, promote, and implement community health programs which result in health-positive behaviors among all individuals, families, groups in a community, and the global environment.

E2.1 Know public policies that have an impact on people’s health.

24


E2.2 Identify and document factors influencing people’s health status through a strong grounding in social and behavioral theory.

E2.3 Understand various strategies to improve the health status of individuals and the community.

E2.4 Understand the many health disparities barriers to access among underserved communities.

E2.5 Develop specific competencies for work in underserved and/or linguistically isolated communities.

E2.6 Demonstrate competency in working with diverse cultures and communities.

E2.7 Demonstrate ways in which enhancing and maintaining personal health and well-being are established.

E2.8 Explain fiscal and organizational resources to ensure optimal health programs and service delivery in communities.

E2.9 Expand health knowledge to provide information and referrals and advocacy on a range of health topics more effectively.

E2.10 Conduct outreach and health education at community sites with various cultural groups.

E2.11 Evaluate the process and outcome of community-based health education programs.

E2.12 Research the social, cultural, and behavioral factors influencing health outcomes.

E3.0 Examine gerontology and its social implications using a life-span perspective that focuses on older adults’ needs/concerns along life’s continuum in various environments.

E3.1 Understand how the demographics of the older population affect various aspects of our society.

E3.2 Recognize the contributions that aging persons make to their communities.

E3.3 Define the life course perspective and describe how age, gender, race, and ethnicity influence the life course.

E3.4 Identify a range of available services for elders in most communities.

E3.5 Understand health disparities among older adults and their impact on society.

E3.6 Understand the role of service providers and the use of community recreation and health services in their involvement with older persons.

E3.7 Understand common threats to loss of independence: falls, medication management, and lifestyle.

E3.8 Advocate for technology to enhance older adults’ function, independence, and safety.

E3.9 Assess how policies, regulations, and programs differentially impact older adults and their caregivers, particularly among historically disadvantaged populations.

25


E3.10 Differentiate between normal changes in functioning due to aging and pathological changes leading to disease.

E3.11 Analyze the impact of an aging society on the nation’s health care system.

E4.0 Promote the protection, sustainability, and enhancement of the overall environmental quality of life.

E4.1 Identify the various environmental factors that affect a community’s health and safety such as water quality, air quality, food supply, industrial hygiene, and solid and hazardous waste disposal.

E4.2 Identify human health hazards that may cause sickness or impaired health/well-being.

E4.3 Identify the carriers or vectors that promote the transfer of these agents from the environment to the human.

E4.4 Interpret the principles of environmental health practices.

E4.5 Summarize health conditions that are caused or aggravated by environmental conditions.

E4.6 Discuss emerging global environmental health problems.

E4.7 Analyze current legislation and regulation regarding environmental issues.

E4.8 Explore approaches to control major environmental health problems.

E5.0 Predict and evaluate rates, risk factors, and health status indicators of morbidity and mortality, disease determinants, and causation.

E5.1 Describe the historical roots of epidemiological thinking and its contribution to the evolution of the scientific method.

E5.2 Describe the basic epidemiological concepts of rates, causation, and public health surveillance.

E5.3 Generate hypotheses of patterns of disease and injuries regarding person, place, and time.

E5.4 Research data regarding disease or injuries, including rates, risk factors, disease determinants, and causation of morbidity and mortality.

E5.5 Explore the effects of disease, injury, and violence on longevity and quality of life.

E5.6 Evaluate methods to prevent, detect, cure, and minimize disease, injury, and violence in the population.

E6.0 Integrate knowledge and skills necessary as a member of a Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) to demonstrate the response required to meet your community’s immediate needs in emergencies or disasters.

E6.1 Describe the roles and responsibilities of a member of a Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) in immediate response.

E6.2 Describe potential hazards and their effect on the community.

E6.3 Describe prevention strategies in homes, workplaces, and communities.

26


E6.4 Identify planning and size-up requirements for potential search and rescue situations.

E6.5 Explain how the community has a role in disaster preparedness and response.

E6.6 Demonstrate preparation strategies to improve the quality of life for a person or community.

E6.7 Employ basic assessment, triage, and treatment as defined by CERT protocols under simulated disaster conditions.

E6.8 Demonstrate working as a team, applying safe techniques for debris removal, and victim extrication.

E6.9 Describe the post-disaster emotional environment and the steps that rescuers can take to relieve their own stressors and trauma and those of disaster survivors.

27



F. Mental and Behavioral Health PathwayThe standards for mental and behavioral health relate to occupations that assist clients on their journey toward better health. Collaborating with other departments as members of interdisciplinary teams of mental health professionals, such as psychiatrists, psychologists, registered nurses, and other disciplines, they assist with delivery of appropriate, quality treatment to patients with behavioral health concerns, psychological crises, and other biopsychological problems.


Mental Health Therapist

Outreach Coordinator

Psychologist

Psychiatric Technician

Mental Health Researcher

F1.0 Recognize and interpret principles of community engagement.

F1.1 Identify and describe prevention and early intervention barriers to mental health care.

F1.2 Define the psycho-education approach and describe how it is used as a tool to help consumers and their families learn more about managing their mental illness.

F1.3 Define the principles of community engagement and how they apply to community-based participatory research.

F1.4 Use and apply community-based participatory research methods to increase community participation and resources.

F1.5 Develop and explore basic outreach approaches that can be successful in increasing awareness about mental health services.

F1.6 Research and organize community resources that promote community wellness.

F1.7 Advocate community inclusion and social roles such as; supported housing, employment, education, parenting, citizenship, and anti-stigma.

F2.0 Demonstrate the ability to build relationships by communicating empathy.

F2.1 Describe the elements of active listening.

F2.2 Demonstrate active listening by connecting new knowledge or experiences with prior knowledge and problem solving.

F2.3 Differentiate between giving advice and active listening by constructing real-life examples.

F2.4 Build strong verbal knowledge to frame language in ways that increase engagement.

F2.5 Recognize complex language semantics and make appropriate adaptations for the community being served.

F2.6 Build on communication by using motivational interviewing as an engagement tool.

28


F3.0 Develop and employ collaboration skills that engage others and build trust.

F3.1 Define collaboration in a mental health context and build on prior knowledge by recalling collaborative experiences.

F3.2 Employ aspects of collaborative leadership that enhances decision making and consensus building.

F3.3 Explore and practice collaborative methods for working with special populations to increase their community capacity.

F3.4 Design innovative strategies to monitor and evaluate engagement.

F4.0 Recognize and differentiate between the stages of mental health recovery.

F4.1 Define four stages of mental health recovery (hope, empowerment, self-responsibility, and meaningful role in life) and demonstrate impact on complex mental health problems.

F4.2 Demonstrate the ability to formulate goals related to each of the four stages of recovery using a multiple-step process of goal setting.

F4.3 Compare and contrast a psychosocial rehabilitation and recovery model that supports each individual’s potential for recovery verses a medical model that views abnormal behavior as the result of physical problems and should be treated medically.

F4.4 Integrate and apply four stages of recovery by designing a recovery plan based on goals that require real-world scenarios.

F4.5 Assess the implementation of the recovery plan and formulate alternative approaches to reach desired outcomes.

F4.6 Advocate for hope and respect, and believe that all individuals have the capacity for learning and growth.

F4.7 Examine ways in which one’s recovery from mental illness can be measured.

F5.0 Communicate and practice leadership and accountability behaviors.

F5.1 Identify strategies to work under pressure and cope with stress.

F5.2 Develop a basic understanding of various leadership styles that promote positive change in mental health services.

F5.3 Compare and contrast different leadership styles and accountability in mental health.

F5.4 Construct multiple steps to solve complex problems using real-world scenarios in mental health services.

F6.0 Analyze and interpret elements of positive psychology (e.g., hope, resilience, strengths, creativity, community building, and supportive spirituality).

F6.1 Recall the recovery model and communicate how positive psychology impacts a mental health consumer’s recovery.

F6.2 Interpret key terms from the positive psychology perspective in relationship to holistic wellness.

29


F6.3 Assess the impact of positive psychology’s elements on risk reduction and integrated primary care.

F6.4 Build on the discovered strengths and capabilities of individuals.

F7.0 Formulate and implement quality care and treatment plans.

F7.1 Define and describe practices that help individuals improve the quality of all aspects of their lives, including social, occupational, educational, spiritual, and financial.

F7.2 Identify and provide evidence for an effective collaborative approach in mental health recovery that is inclusive of the individual in need.

F7.3 Practice promoting health and wellness, encouraging individuals to develop and use individualized wellness plans.

F7.4 Design a treatment plan that addresses the unique needs of individuals, consistent with their values, hopes and aspirations.

F7.5 Adhere to consistent documentation of implemented interventions and progress.

F8.0 Synthesize, understand, and predict the impact of mental health disparities across consumer populations.

F8.1 Define mental health disparities.

F8.2 Organize and summarize knowledge on the impact of mental health disparities among different populations.

F8.3 Analyze causes for mental health disparities using current research methods and literature.

F8.4 Synthesize research articles related to mental health disparities and produce a statement problem on what causes such disparities.

F9.0 Design a practice model of a personal support network by utilizing prior knowledge of recovery concepts and using natural supports within communities.

F9.1 Identify community-based self-help/peer support groups.

F9.2 Communicate with self-help/peer support groups in the community and generate infor-mation about their specific functions and responsibilities to the community they serve.

F9.3 Compare and contrast self-help/peer support groups to determine strengths and gaps in service delivery.

F9.4 Design a practice self-help/peer support group model that fills in the identified gaps and builds on the identified strengths.

F9.5 Examine the role that natural supports such as spiritual organizations, community centers, and other community-related resources play in an individual’s mental health recovery.

F10.0 Formulate an argument and predict how electronic health records can transform quality of care and promote a green economy.

F10.1 Access and become familiar with basic electronic health records functions.

30


F10.2 Analyze the effect of electronic health records on the quality of care and a green economy.

F10.3 List and describe at least five ways that electronic health records will advance a green economy.

F10.4 Distinguish between interoperability at the local primary care level and interoperability with statewide mental health systems in using electronic health records.

F11.0 Recognize and respect the various cultures of a community and other factors that indicate its diversity in all aspects of communicating, designing, and implementing patient care.

F11.1 Identify and understand the patterns of communication including the use of languages.

F11.2 Communicate and listen effectively across cultures and all levels of care.

F11.3 Demonstrate appropriate judgment on when and how to use trained interpreters.

F11.4 Research factors that define cultural differences between and among different ethnic, racial, and special populations.

F11.5 Illustrate how to incorporate culturally appropriate community resources.

F11.6 Design and execute an ethnographic approach focusing on information retrieval, observing social behavior, managing stress and time, ask questions, explore aspects of global significance, and analyze data using relevant concepts.

F12.0 Evaluate the purpose and components of a treatment plan related to the consumer’s health status.

F12.1 Understand the roles of a patient advocate to ensure treatment quality and resources.

F12.2 Explain the components of a treatment plan.

F12.3 Select appropriate equipment and instruments in accord with the treatment plan.

F12.4 Adhere to the roles and responsibilities, within scope of practice, that contribute to the design and implementation of a treatment plan.

F12.5 Prioritize and organize work in accordance with the patients’ treatment plans.

F12.6 Determine the resources available for the effective implementation of treatment plans for patients.

F13.0 Identify and apply leadership styles in personal growth and development.

F13.1 Develop goal setting that leads to professional and career growth.

F13.2 Participate in student leadership and skill development activities such as California Health Occupations Students of America (Cal-HOSA).

F13.3 Employ self-regulation strategies that include self-monitoring and self-evaluation in approaching new and challenging tasks.

F13.4 Build and employ self-confidence to empower self and others.

F13.5 Refine and upgrade technical and clinical skills.

F13.6 Create and design a working portfolio that will be used for interviews for both post-secondary and employment acceptance.

31


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

S

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

Bi

otec

hnol

ogy

Pati

ent

Care

Hea

lth

Care

H

ealt

h Ca

re

Publ

ic a

nd

Men

tal a

nd

TE

CH

NO

LOG

YAd

min

istr

ativ

e O

pera

tion

al

Com

mun

ity

Beha

vior

al

Serv

ices

Supp

ort

Hea

lth

Hea

lth

Serv

ices

ENGL

ISH

LAN

GUAG

E A

RTS

Lang

uage

Sta

ndar

ds –

LS

– (S

tand

ard

Are

a, G

rade

Le

vel,

Stan

dard

#)

11-1

2.1.

Dem

onst

rate

com

man

d of

the

con

vent

ions

of s

tand

ard

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

4.0,

B2

.0, B

4.0,

En

glis

h gr

amm

ar a

nd u

sage

whe

n w

ritin

g or

spe

akin

g.A1

.0, A

3.0,

B5

.0, B

6.0,

B7.

0,

B6.0

, B7.

0, B

8.0,

F1

.0, F

2.0,

E

1.0,

E4.

0A6

.0, A

7.0

B8.0

, B10

.0,

B9.0

, B11

.0,

F7.0

B11.

0, B

12.0

B12.

0, B

13.0

11-1

2.2.

Dem

onst

rate

com

man

d of

the

con

vent

ions

of s

tand

ard

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

4.0,

C2

.0, C

4.0,

En

glis

h ca

pita

lizat

ion,

pun

ctua

tion,

and

spe

lling

whe

n w

ritin

g.B5

.0, B

6.0,

B7.

0,

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

F1

.0, F

2.0,

E1

.0, E

2.0

B10.

0, B

11.0

, C9

.0, C

11.0

, F7

.0B1

2.0

C12.

0, C

13.0

11-1

2.3.

App

ly k

now

ledg

e of

lang

uage

to

unde

rsta

nd h

ow

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

4.0,

B1

.0, B

2.0,

B4.

0,

lang

uage

fun

ctio

ns in

dif

fere

nt c

onte

xts,

to

mak

e ef

fect

ive

A3.0

, A7.

0,

C5.0

, C6.

0, C

7.0,

F1

.0, F

2.0,

B6

.0, B

13.0

E1.0

, E2.

0ch

oice

s fo

r mea

ning

or s

tyle

, and

to

com

preh

end

mor

e fu

lly

A8.0

C8.0

, C11

.0,

F11.

0w

hen

read

ing

or li

sten

ing.

C13.

0

11-1

2.4.

Det

erm

ine

or c

larif

y th

e m

eani

ng o

f unk

now

n an

d C1

.0, C

2.0,

C3.

0,

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

4.0,

m

ultip

le-m

eani

ng w

ords

and

phr

ases

bas

ed o

n gr

ades

11–

12

C4.0

, C5.

0,

F1.0

, F4.

0,

A6.0

, A7.

0B5

.0, B

6.0,

E1

.0re

adin

g an

d co

nten

t, ch

oosi

ng fl

exib

ly f

rom

a r

ange

of

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

F7

.0, F

9.0

B11.

0, B

13.0

stra

tegi

es.

C12.

0, C

15.0

11-1

2.5.

Dem

onst

rate

und

erst

andi

ng o

f figu

rativ

e la

ngua

ge,

B4.0

, B5.

0, B

6.0,

w

ord

rela

tions

hips

, and

nua

nces

in w

ord

mea

ning

s.B8

.0, B

10.0

, C4

.0, C

5.0,

C6.

0E1

.0F1

.0, F

4.0

B13.

0

11-1

2.6.

Acq

uire

and

acc

urat

ely

use

gene

ral a

cade

mic

and

C1

.0, C

2.0,

C3.

0,

dom

ain-

spec

ific

wor

ds a

nd p

hras

es s

uffic

ient

for

rea

ding

, B1

.0, B

2.0,

B4.

0,

C4.0

, C5.

0,

writ

ing,

spe

akin

g, a

nd li

sten

ing

at t

he c

olle

ge a

nd c

aree

r B5

.0, B

6.0,

B7.

0,

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

A3

.0, A

5.0,

E1

.0, E

2.0,

F1

.0, F

3.0,

re

adin

ess

leve

l; de

mon

stra

te in

depe

nden

ce in

gat

herin

g

B8.0

, B10

.0,

C9.0

, C10

.0,

D1.0

A6.0

, A7.

0E5

.0, E

6.0

F4.0

, F10

.0vo

cabu

lary

kno

wle

dge

whe

n co

nsid

erin

g a

wor

d or

phr

ase

B11.

0, B

12.0

, C1

1.0,

C12

.0,

impo

rtan

t to

com

preh

ensi

on o

r exp

ress

ion.

B13.

0C1

3.0,

C14

.0,

C15.

0, C

16.0

32


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Read

ing

Stan

dard

s fo

r In

form

atio

nal T

ext

– RS

IT –

(S

tand

ard

Are

a, G

rade

Lev

el, S

tand

ard

#)

A.

Biot

echn

olog

yB.

Pa

tien

t Ca

re

PATH

WA

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

YS

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

11-1

2.1.

Cite

str

ong

and

thor

ough

tex

tual

evi

denc

e to

sup

port

an

alys

is o

f wha

t th

e te

xt s

ays

expl

icitl

y as

wel

l as

infe

renc

es

draw

n fr

om t

he t

ext,

incl

udin

g de

term

inin

g w

here

the

tex

t le

aves

mat

ters

unc

erta

in.

11-1

2.4.

Det

erm

ine

the

mea

ning

of w

ords

and

phr

ases

as

they

are

use

d in

a t

ext,

incl

udin

g fig

urat

ive,

con

nota

tive,

and

te

chni

cal m

eani

ngs;

ana

lyze

how

an

auth

or u

ses

and

refin

es

the

mea

ning

of a

key

ter

m o

r ter

ms

over

the

cou

rse

of a

tex

t (e

.g.,

how

Mad

ison

defi

nes

fact

ion

in F

eder

alis

t No.

10)

. (Se

e gr

ade

11/1

2 La

ngua

ge s

tand

ards

4-6

on

page

46

for a

dditi

onal

ex

pect

atio

ns.)

11-1

2.5.

Ana

lyze

and

eva

luat

e th

e ef

fect

iven

ess

of t

he s

truc

-tu

re a

n au

thor

use

s in

his

or h

er e

xpos

ition

or a

rgum

ent,

incl

udin

g w

heth

er t

he s

truc

ture

mak

es p

oint

s cl

ear,

conv

inci

ng,

and

enga

ging

.

11-1

2.7.

Inte

grat

e an

d ev

alua

te m

ultip

le s

ourc

es o

f inf

orm

atio

n pr

esen

ted

in d

iffe

rent

med

ia o

r for

mat

s (e

.g.,

visu

ally

, qu

antit

ativ

ely)

as

wel

l as

in w

ords

in o

rder

to

addr

ess

a

ques

tion

or s

olve

a p

robl

em.

11-1

2.8.

Del

inea

te a

nd e

valu

ate

the

reas

onin

g in

sem

inal

U.S

. te

xts,

incl

udin

g th

e ap

plic

atio

n of

con

stitu

tiona

l prin

cipl

es a

nd

use

of le

gal r

easo

ning

(e.g

., in

U.S

. Sup

rem

e Co

urt

maj

orit

y

opin

ions

and

dis

sent

s) a

nd t

he p

rem

ises

, pur

pose

s, a

nd a

rgu-

men

ts in

wor

ks o

f pub

lic a

dvoc

acy

(e.g

., Th

e Fe

dera

list,

pr

esid

entia

l add

ress

es).

A2.

0, A

3.0,

A5

.0, A

6.0,

A7

.0

A1.0

, A5.

0

A1.0

, A7.

0,

A8.0

, A9.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

4.0,

C6

.0E1

.0, E

2.0,

E4

.0F2

.0, F

4.0,

F7

.0

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

5.0,

B9

.0, B

10.0

, B1

2.0,

B13

.0

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

4.0,

C6

.0D6

.0E1

.0, E

4.0,

E5

.0

F4.0

, F6.

0,

F8.0

, F10

.0,

F11.

0

C6.0

B3.0

, B7.

0,

B10.

0, B

13.0

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4

.0, C

6.0

D2.0

, D3.

0,

D9.

0, D

10.0

, D1

2.0

E3.0

F4.0

B1.0

, B4.

0, B

5.0,

B1

2.0

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4

.0, C

5.0,

C1

3.0

D3.0

, D6.

0

33


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Read

ing

Stan

dard

s fo

r In

form

atio

nal T

ext

– RS

IT –

(S

tand

ard

Are

a, G

rade

Lev

el, S

tand

ard

#) (c

ontin

ued)

A.

Biot

echn

olog

yB.

Pa

tien

t Ca

re

PATH

WA

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

YS

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

11-1

2.9

Anal

yze

seve

ntee

nth-

, eig

htee

nth-

, and

nin

etee

nth-

cent

ury

foun

datio

nal U

.S. d

ocum

ents

of h

isto

rical

and

lite

rary

si

gnifi

canc

e (in

clud

ing

the

Decl

arat

ion

of In

depe

nden

ce, t

he

prea

mbl

e to

the

Con

stitu

tion,

the

Bill

of R

ight

s, a

nd L

inco

ln’s

Seco

nd In

augu

ral A

ddre

ss) f

or t

heir

them

es, p

urpo

se, a

nd

rhet

oric

al f

eatu

res.

11-1

2.10

By

the

end

of g

rade

11,

rea

d an

d co

mpr

ehen

d lit

erar

y

nonfi

ctio

n in

the

gra

des

11-C

CR t

ext

com

plex

ity

band

pr

ofici

ently

, with

sca

ffol

ding

as

need

ed a

t th

e hi

gh e

nd o

f the

ra

nge.

By

the

end

of g

rade

12,

rea

d an

d co

mpr

ehen

d lit

erar

y no

nfict

ion

at t

he h

igh

end

of t

he g

rade

s 11

-CCR

tex

t

com

plex

ity

band

inde

pend

ently

and

pro

ficie

ntly

.

Read

ing

Stan

dard

s fo

r Li

tera

cy in

Sci

ence

and

Te

chni

cal S

ubje

cts

– RR

LST

– (S

tand

ard

Are

a, G

rade

Le

vel,

Stan

dard

#)

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A4.

0,

A7.0

, A9.

0

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4

.0, C

10.0

, C1

2.0,

C13

.0

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

13.0

C1.0

, C3.

0, C

4.0,

C6

.0

D3.0

, D4.

0,

D5.0

, D7.

0,

D12.

0

11-1

2.1.

Cite

spe

cific

tex

tual

evi

denc

e to

sup

port

ana

lysi

s of

sc

ienc

e an

d te

chni

cal t

exts

, att

endi

ng t

o im

port

ant

dist

inct

ions

th

e au

thor

mak

es t

o an

y ga

ps o

r inc

onsi

sten

cies

in t

he a

ccou

nt.

11-1

2.2.

Det

erm

ine

the

cent

ral i

deas

or c

oncl

usio

ns o

f a t

ext;

su

mm

ariz

e co

mpl

ex c

once

pts,

pro

cess

es, o

r inf

orm

atio

n pr

esen

ted

in a

tex

t by

par

aphr

asin

g th

em in

sim

pler

but

stil

l ac

cura

te t

erm

s.

11-1

2.3.

Fol

low

pre

cise

ly a

com

plex

mul

tiste

p pr

oced

ure

whe

n ca

rryi

ng o

ut e

xper

imen

ts, t

akin

g m

easu

rem

ents

, or p

erfo

rmin

g te

chni

cal t

asks

; ana

lyze

the

spe

cific

res

ults

bas

ed o

n ex

plan

a-tio

ns in

the

tex

t.

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A4.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A4.

0,

A7.0

, A9.

0

A3.0

, A4.

0,

A5.0

, A6.

0,

A8.0

, A9.

0

B2.0

, B5.

0,

B13.

0C1

.0, C

2.0,

C3.

0,

C4.0

, C6.

0D3

.0, D

4.0

E1.0

B13.

0C2

.0, C

3.0,

C4

.0, C

6.0

D1.0

, D2.

0,

D3.0

, D4.

0,

D6.0

, D7.

0,

D8.0

, D9.

0,

D12.

0

B8.0

, B10

.0,

B11.

0C3

.0, C

9.0,

C1

5.0

D1.0

, D2.

0,

D3.0

, D4.

0,

D5.0

, D7.

0,

D8.0

, D9.

0,

D10.

0, D

12.0

E6.0

F4.0

, F5.

0,

F9.0

34


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Read

ing

Stan

dard

s fo

r Li

tera

cy in

Sci

ence

and

Te

chni

cal S

ubje

cts

– RR

LST

– (S

tand

ard

Are

a, G

rade

Le

vel,

Stan

dard

#)

(con

tinue

d)

A.

Biot

echn

olog

yB.

Pa

tien

t Ca

re

PATH

WA

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

YS

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

11-1

2.4.

Det

erm

ine

the

mea

ning

of s

ymbo

ls, k

ey t

erm

s, a

nd

othe

r dom

ain-

spec

ific

wor

ds a

nd p

hras

es a

s th

ey a

re u

sed

in a

sp

ecifi

c sc

ient

ific

or t

echn

ical

con

text

rel

evan

t to

gra

des

11-1

2 te

xts

and

topi

cs.

11-1

2.5.

Ana

lyze

how

the

tex

t st

ruct

ures

info

rmat

ion

or id

eas

into

cat

egor

ies

or h

iera

rchi

es, d

emon

stra

ting

unde

rsta

ndin

g of

th

e in

form

atio

n or

idea

s.

11-1

2.6.

Ana

lyze

the

aut

hor’s

pur

pose

in p

rovi

ding

an

expl

ana-

tion,

des

crib

ing

a pr

oced

ure,

or d

iscu

ssin

g an

exp

erim

ent

in a

te

xt, i

dent

ifyi

ng im

port

ant

issu

es t

hat

rem

ain

unre

solv

ed.

11-1

2.7.

Inte

grat

e an

d ev

alua

te m

ultip

le s

ourc

es o

f inf

orm

atio

n pr

esen

ted

in d

iver

se f

orm

ats

and

med

ia (e

.g.,

quan

titat

ive

data

, vi

deo,

mul

timed

ia) i

n or

der t

o ad

dres

s a

ques

tion

or s

olve

a

prob

lem

.

11-1

2.8.

Eva

luat

e th

e hy

poth

eses

, dat

a, a

naly

sis,

and

con

clu-

sion

s in

a s

cien

ce o

r tec

hnic

al t

ext,

verif

ying

the

dat

a w

hen

poss

ible

and

cor

robo

ratin

g or

cha

lleng

ing

conc

lusi

ons

with

ot

her s

ourc

es o

f inf

orm

atio

n.

11-1

2.9

Synt

hesi

ze in

form

atio

n fr

om a

ran

ge o

f sou

rces

(e.g

., te

xts,

exp

erim

ents

, sim

ulat

ions

) int

o a

cohe

rent

und

erst

andi

ng

of a

pro

cess

, phe

nom

enon

, or c

once

pt, r

esol

ving

con

flict

ing

info

rmat

ion

whe

n po

ssib

le.

A3.0

, A4.

0,

A5.0

, A6.

0,

A8.0

, A9.

0

A1.0

, A7.

0,

A9.0

A2.

0, A

7.0

A3.0

, A4.

0,

A5.0

, A6.

0,

A9.0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A4.

0,

A6.0

, A9.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A4.

0,

A6.0

, A9.

0

B1.0

, B4.

0, B

5.0,

B6

.0, B

11.0

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4

.0, C

6.0,

C7.

0,

C8.0

, C9.

0,

C10.

0, C

11.0

, C1

2.0,

C13

.0,

C15.

0

D1.0

, D2.

0,

D3.0

, D4.

0,

D5.0

, D6.

0,

D7.0

, D8.

0,

D10.

0,

D11.

0, D

12.0

E3.0

F6.0

B1.0

B6.0

B4.0

C1.0

, C4.

0, C

6.0

C4.0

, C8.

0

C1.0

, C3.

0, C

4.0,

C6

.0, C

8.0

D1.0

, D2.

0,

D3.0

, D4.

0,

D5.0

, D6.

0,

D7.0

, D8.

0,

D9.

0, D

10.0

, D1

2.0

D2.0

, D3.

0,

D4.

0, D

7.0,

D

9.0,

D12

.0

E2.0

, E3.

0,

E5.0

E1.0

, E3.

0,

E4.0

, E5.

0

F4.0

, F7.

0

F4.0

, F6.

0,

F7.0

, F9.

0

F1.0

, F4.

0,

F5.0

, E10

.0

B5.0

C3.0

, C4.

0, C

6.0

D1.0

, D2.

0,

D3.0

, D4.

0,

D5.0

, D7.

0,

D9.

0, D

12.0

E2.0

, E3.

0,

E4.0

, E5.

0F1

.0, F

4.0,

F1

1.0

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

9.0,

B1

3.0

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4

.0, C

5.0,

C6

.0, C

13.0

D2.0

, D3.

0,

D4.

0, D

7.0,

D

9.0,

D12

.0

E3.0

, E4.

0,

E5.0

F1.0

, F5.

0,

F8.0

, F11

.0

35


Acad

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Writ

ing

Stan

dard

s –

WS

– (S

tand

ard

Are

a, G

rade

Lev

el,

Stan

dard

#)

mic

e A

l

A.

Biot

echn

olog

y

ent

ignm

Mat

rix

B.

Pati

ent

Care

PATH

WAY

S

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

11-1

2.2.

Writ

e in

form

ativ

e/ex

plan

ator

y te

xts

to e

xam

ine

and

conv

ey

com

plex

idea

s, c

once

pts,

and

info

rmat

ion

clea

rly a

nd a

ccur

atel

y th

roug

h th

e ef

fect

ive

sele

ctio

n, o

rgan

izat

ion,

and

ana

lysi

s of

co

nten

t.

a. In

trod

uce

a to

pic

or t

hesi

s st

atem

ent;

org

aniz

e co

mpl

ex id

eas,

co

ncep

ts, a

nd in

form

atio

n so

tha

t ea

ch n

ew e

lem

ent

build

s on

th

at w

hich

pre

cede

s it

to c

reat

e a

unifi

ed w

hole

; inc

lude

fo

rmat

ting

(e.g

., he

adin

gs),

grap

hics

(e.g

., fig

ures

, tab

les)

, and

m

ultim

edia

whe

n us

eful

to

aidi

ng c

ompr

ehen

sion

.

b. D

evel

op t

he t

opic

tho

roug

hly

by s

elec

ting

the

mos

t si

gnifi

cant

an

d re

leva

nt f

acts

, ext

ende

d de

finiti

ons,

con

cret

e de

tails

, qu

otat

ions

, or o

ther

info

rmat

ion

and

exam

ples

app

ropr

iate

to

th

e au

dien

ce’s

know

ledg

e of

the

top

ic.

c. U

se a

ppro

pria

te a

nd v

arie

d tr

ansi

tions

and

syn

tax

to li

nk

the

maj

or s

ectio

ns o

f the

tex

t, cr

eate

coh

esio

n, a

nd c

larif

y th

e re

latio

nshi

ps a

mon

g co

mpl

ex id

eas

and

conc

epts

.

d. U

se p

reci

se la

ngua

ge, d

omai

n-sp

ecifi

c vo

cabu

lary

, and

te

chni

ques

suc

h as

met

apho

r, si

mile

, and

ana

logy

to

man

age

th

e co

mpl

exit

y of

the

top

ic.

e. E

stab

lish

and

mai

ntai

n a

form

al s

tyle

and

obj

ectiv

e to

ne w

hile

at

tend

ing

to t

he n

orm

s an

d co

nven

tions

of t

he d

isci

plin

e in

whi

ch

they

are

writ

ing.

f. Pr

ovid

e a

conc

ludi

ng s

tate

men

t or

sec

tion

that

fol

low

s fr

om

and

supp

orts

the

info

rmat

ion

or e

xpla

natio

n pr

esen

ted

(e.g

., ar

ticul

atin

g im

plic

atio

ns o

r the

sig

nific

ance

of t

he t

opic

).

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A7.0

, A9.

0

B1.0

, B2.

0,

B10.

0, B

11.0

, B1

2.0,

B13

.0

C4.0

, C6.

0, C

7.0,

C8

.0, C

9.0

D1.0

, D3.

0,

D6.0

, D7.

0,

D8.0

, D9.

0,

D12.

0

E1.0

, E2.

0,

E3.0

F1.0

, F2.

0,

F4.0

, F6.

0

36


Acad

emic

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Writ

ing

Stan

dard

s –

WS

– (S

tand

ard

Are

a, G

rade

Lev

el,

Stan

dard

#)

(con

tinue

d)

Al

A.

Biot

echn

olog

y

ignm

Mat

rixen

t

B.

Pati

ent

Care

PATH

W

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

YSA

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

11-1

2.4.

Pro

duce

cle

ar a

nd c

oher

ent

writ

ing

in w

hich

the

dev

elop

-m

ent,

orga

niza

tion,

and

sty

le a

re a

ppro

pria

te t

o ta

sk, p

urpo

se, a

nd

audi

ence

.

11-1

2.6.

Use

tec

hnol

ogy,

incl

udin

g th

e In

tern

et, t

o pr

oduc

e, p

ublis

h,

and

upda

te in

divi

dual

or s

hare

d w

ritin

g pr

oduc

ts in

res

pons

e to

on

goin

g fe

edba

ck, i

nclu

ding

new

arg

umen

ts o

r inf

orm

atio

n.

11-1

2.7.

Con

duct

sho

rt a

s w

ell a

s m

ore

sust

aine

d re

sear

ch p

roje

cts

to a

nsw

er a

que

stio

n (in

clud

ing

a se

lf-ge

nera

ted

ques

tion)

or s

olve

a

prob

lem

; nar

row

or b

road

en t

he in

quir

y w

hen

appr

opria

te; s

yn-

thes

ize

mul

tiple

sou

rces

on

the

subj

ect,

dem

onst

ratin

g un

ders

tand

-in

g of

the

sub

ject

und

er in

vest

igat

ion.

11-1

2.8.

Gat

her r

elev

ant

info

rmat

ion

from

mul

tiple

aut

horit

ativ

e pr

int

and

digi

tal s

ourc

es, u

sing

adv

ance

d se

arch

es e

ffec

tivel

y;

asse

ss t

he s

tren

gths

and

lim

itatio

ns o

f eac

h so

urce

in t

erm

s of

the

ta

sk, p

urpo

se, a

nd a

udie

nce;

inte

grat

e in

form

atio

n in

to t

he t

ext

sele

ctiv

ely

to m

aint

ain

the

flow

of i

deas

, avo

idin

g pl

agia

rism

and

ov

erre

lianc

e on

any

one

sou

rce

and

follo

win

g a

stan

dard

for

mat

for

ci

tatio

n in

clud

ing

foot

note

s an

d en

dnot

es.

11-1

2.9.

Dra

w e

vide

nce

from

lite

rary

or i

nfor

mat

iona

l tex

ts t

o su

p-po

rt a

naly

sis,

refl

ectio

n, a

nd r

esea

rch.

Writ

ing

Stan

dard

s fo

r Li

tera

cy in

His

tory

/Soc

ial S

tudi

es,

Scie

nce,

and

Tec

hnic

al S

ubje

cts

– W

HSS

T –

(Sta

ndar

d A

rea,

Gra

de L

evel

, Sta

ndar

d #)

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A4.

0,

A7.0

, A9.

0

A5.0

, A9.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A4.0

, A5.

0,

A7.0

, A9.

0

A2.

0, A

7.0,

A9

.0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A7.0

, A9.

0

B1.0

, B2.

0,

B6.0

, B7.

0,

B10.

0, B

11.0

, B1

2.0,

B13

.0

B10.

0, B

12.0

B11.

0, B

13.0

B6.0

, B9.

0,

B10.

0, B

11.0

, B1

2.0,

B13

.0

B13.

0

C2.0

, C4.

0,

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

C9

.0, C

10.0

, C1

2.0

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

9.0,

C1

1.0

C2.0

, C4.

0,

C6.0

, C8.

0

C2.0

, C4.

0,

C6.0

, C8.

0

C4.0

, C6.

0

D3.0

, D4.

0,

D6.0

, D12

.0

D7.0

, D9.

0

D1.0

, D4.

0,

D5.0

, D7.

0,

D9.

0, D

12.0

D3.0

, D12

.0

D2.0

, D3.

0,

D4.

0, D

12.0

E2.0

, E3.

0,

E5.0

E3.0

, E5.

0

E2.0

, E4.

0,

E5.0

E3.0

, E5.

0

E3.0

, E4.

0,

E5.0

F7.0

, F8.

0,

F11.

0, F

12.0

F8.0

, F10

.0

F1.0

, F4.

0,

F8.0

, F11

.0

F1.0

, F2.

0,

F8.0

F1.0

, F4.

0,

F6.0

11-1

2.1.

Writ

e ar

gum

ents

foc

used

on

disc

iplin

e-sp

ecifi

c

cont

ent.

A2.

0, A

3.0,

A4

.0, A

6.0

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

4.0,

C6

.0, C

8.0C

9.0

D4.

0, D

5.0,

D7

.0, D

9.0

E1.0

, E2.

0,

E5.0

F1.0

, F3.

0,

F4.0

, F10

.0

37


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Writ

ing

Stan

dard

s fo

r Li

tera

cy in

His

tory

/Soc

ial

Stud

ies,

Scie

nce,

and

Tec

hnic

al S

ubje

cts

– W

HSS

T –

(Sta

ndar

d A

rea,

Gra

de L

evel

, Sta

ndar

d #)

(con

tinue

d)

A.

Biot

echn

olog

yB.

Pa

tien

t Ca

re

PATH

WA

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

YS

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

11-1

2.2.

Writ

e in

form

ativ

e/ex

plan

ator

y te

xts,

incl

udin

g th

e na

rrat

ion

of h

isto

rical

eve

nts,

sci

entifi

c pr

oced

ures

/exp

eri-

men

ts, o

r tec

hnic

al p

roce

sses

.

11-1

2.3.

Inco

rpor

ate

narr

ativ

e el

emen

ts e

ffec

tivel

y in

to

argu

men

ts a

nd in

form

ativ

e/ex

plan

ator

y te

xts.

11-1

2.4.

Pro

duce

cle

ar a

nd c

oher

ent

writ

ing

in w

hich

the

de

velo

pmen

t, or

gani

zatio

n, a

nd s

tyle

are

app

ropr

iate

tot

tas

k,

purp

ose,

and

aud

ienc

e.

11-1

2.5.

Dev

elop

and

str

engt

hen

writ

ing

as n

eede

d by

pla

nnin

g,

revi

sing

, edi

ting,

rew

ritin

g, o

r try

ing

a ne

w a

ppro

ach,

foc

usin

g on

add

ress

ing

wha

t is

mos

t si

gnifi

cant

for

a s

peci

fic p

urpo

se

and

audi

ence

.

11-1

2.6.

Use

tec

hnol

ogy,

incl

udin

g th

e In

tern

et, t

o pr

oduc

e,

publ

ish,

and

upd

ate

indi

vidu

al o

r sha

red

writ

ing

prod

ucts

in

resp

onse

to

ongo

ing

feed

back

, inc

ludi

ng n

ew a

rgum

ents

or

info

rmat

ion.

11-1

2.7.

Con

duct

sho

rt a

s w

ell a

s m

ore

sust

aine

d re

sear

ch

proj

ects

to

answ

er a

que

stio

n (in

clud

ing

a se

lf-ge

nera

ted

ques

-tio

n) o

r sol

ve a

pro

blem

; nar

row

or b

road

en t

he in

quir

y w

hen

ap

prop

riate

; syn

thes

ize

mul

tiple

sou

rces

on

the

subj

ect,

dem

-on

stra

ting

unde

rsta

ndin

g of

the

sub

ject

und

er in

vest

igat

ion.

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A7.0

, A9.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A7.

0,

A9.0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A7.0

, A9.

0

A5.0

, A7.

0,

A9.0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A9.0

B1.0

, B4.

0, B

5.0,

B6

.0, B

7.0,

B8.

0,

B9.0

, B10

.0,

B11.

0, B

12.0

B13.

0

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

4.0,

B6

.0, B

7.0,

B1

0.0,

B11

.0,

B12.

0, B

13.0

B13.

0

B1.0

, B2.

0,

B10.

0, B

11.0

, B1

2.0,

B13

.0

B13.

0

C1.0

, C7.

0

C1.0

, C7.

0

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

4.0,

C6

.0, C

7.0,

C8.

0,

C9.0

, C11

.0,

C12.

0

C4.0

, C6.

0, C

7.0,

C9

.0, C

12.0

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

7.0,

C9

.0, C

10, C

12.0

D1.0

, D2.

0,

D3.0

, D4.

0,

D6.0

, D7.

0,

D8.0

, D9.

0,

D12.

0

D1.0

, D2.

0,

D3.0

, D4.

0,

D6.0

, D7.

0,

D8.0

, D9.

0,

D12.

0

D1.0

, D3.

0,

D4.

0, D

6.0,

D8

.0, D

9.0,

D1

2.0

D7.0

, D9.

0

D2.0

, D5.

0,

D12.

0

E2.0

, E5.

0,

E6.0

E2.0

, E5.

0,

E6.0

E2.0

, E3.

0,

E5.0

E2.0

, E3.

0

E3.0

, E5.

0

E2.0

, E4.

0,

E5.0

F1.0

, F7.

0,

F12.

0

F4.0

, F6.

0,

F8.0

, F10

.0

F4.0

, F7.

0,

F8.0

F4.0

, F7.

0,

F8.0

F10.

0

F1.0

, F3.

0,

F8.0

38


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Writ

ing

Stan

dard

s fo

r Li

tera

cy in

His

tory

/Soc

ial

Stud

ies,

Scie

nce,

and

Tec

hnic

al S

ubje

cts

– W

HSS

T –

(Sta

ndar

d A

rea,

Gra

de L

evel

, Sta

ndar

d #)

(con

tinue

d)

A.

Biot

echn

olog

yB.

Pa

tien

t Ca

re

PATH

WA

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

YS

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

11-1

2.8.

Gat

her r

elev

ant

info

rmat

ion

from

mul

tiple

aut

horit

a-tiv

e pr

int

and

digi

tal s

ourc

es, u

sing

adv

ance

d se

arch

es

effe

ctiv

ely;

ass

ess

the

stre

ngth

s an

d lim

itatio

ns o

f eac

h so

urce

in

ter

ms

of t

he s

peci

fic t

ask,

pur

pose

, and

aud

ienc

e; in

tegr

ate

info

rmat

ion

into

the

tex

t se

lect

ivel

y to

mai

ntai

n th

e flo

w o

f id

eas,

avo

idin

g pl

agia

rism

and

ove

rrel

ianc

e on

any

one

sou

rce

and

follo

win

g a

stan

dard

for

mat

for

cita

tion.

11-1

2.9.

Dra

w e

vide

nce

from

info

rmat

iona

l tex

ts t

o su

ppor

t an

alys

is, r

eflec

tion,

and

res

earc

h.

11-1

2.10

. Writ

e ro

utin

ely

over

ext

ende

d tim

e fr

ames

(tim

e

for r

eflec

tion

and

revi

sion

) and

sho

rter

tim

e fr

ames

(a s

ingl

e

sitt

ing

or a

day

or t

wo)

for

a r

ange

of d

isci

plin

e-sp

ecifi

c ta

sks,

pu

rpos

es, a

nd a

udie

nces

. MAT

HEM

ATIC

SAl

gebr

a –

A-SS

E –

Seei

ng S

truc

ture

in E

xpre

ssio

ns

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A7.0

, A9.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A9.0

A4.0

, A9.

0

B9.0

, B10

.0,

B11.

0, B

12.0

, B1

3.0

B9.0

, B10

.0,

B11.

0, B

12.0

, B1

3.0

B7.0

, B10

.0,

B13.

0

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4

.0, C

6.0,

C7.

0,

C8.0

, C9.

0,

C12.

0, C

13.0

, C1

4.0,

C15

.0,

C16.

0

C5.0

, C16

.0

C9.0

D2.0

, D3.

0,

D4.

0, D

12.0

D2.0

, D3.

0,

D4.

0, D

12.0

E3.0

, E5.

0

E3.0

, E4.

0,

E5.0

E2.0

, E3.

0,

E5.0

F1.0

, F3.

0,

F8.0

, F9.

0

F1.0

, F8.

0

F4.0

, F6.

0,

F7.0

Inte

rpre

t the

stru

ctur

e of

exp

ress

ions

1. In

terp

ret

expr

essi

ons

that

rep

rese

nt a

qua

ntit

y in

ter

ms

of it

s co

ntex

t.

a. In

terp

ret

part

s of

an

expr

essi

on, s

uch

as t

erm

s, f

acto

rs,

and

coef

ficie

nts.

b. In

terp

ret

com

plic

ated

exp

ress

ions

by

view

ing

one

or m

ore

of t

heir

part

s as

a s

ingl

e en

tity.

For

exa

mpl

e, in

terp

ret P

(1+r

)n

as th

e pr

oduc

t of P

and

a fa

ctor

not

dep

endi

ng o

n P.

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A6.0

B3.0

C3.0

D9.

0E3

.0F7

.0, F

10.0

39


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Alge

bra

– A-

SSE

– Se

eing

Str

uctu

re in

Exp

ress

ions

(c

ontin

ued)

A.

Biot

echn

olog

yB.

Pa

tien

t Ca

re

PATH

WA

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

YS

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

Writ

e ex

pres

sion

s in

equi

vale

nt fo

rms t

o so

lve

prob

lem

s

4. D

eriv

e th

e fo

rmul

a fo

r the

sum

of a

fini

te g

eom

etric

ser

ies

(whe

n th

e co

mm

on r

atio

is n

ot 1

), an

d us

e th

e fo

rmul

a to

sol

ve

prob

lem

s. F

or e

xam

ple,

cal

cula

te m

ortg

age

paym

ents

.

Alge

bra

– A-

CED

– Cr

eatin

g Eq

uati

ons

A6.0

D2.0

, D5.

0,

D7.0

, D8.

0,

D9.

0

Crea

te e

quat

ions

that

des

crib

e nu

mbe

rs o

r rel

atio

nshi

ps

1. C

reat

e eq

uatio

ns a

nd in

equa

litie

s in

one

var

iabl

e in

clud

ing

on

es w

ith a

bsol

ute

valu

e an

d us

e th

em t

o so

lve

prob

lem

s in

an

d ou

t of

con

text

, inc

ludi

ng e

quat

ions

aris

ing

from

line

ar

func

tions

.

1.1

Judg

e th

e va

lidit

y of

an

argu

men

t ac

cord

ing

to w

heth

er

the

prop

ertie

s of

rea

l num

bers

, exp

onen

ts, a

nd lo

garit

hms

have

bee

n ap

plie

d co

rrec

tly a

t ea

ch s

tep.

(CA

Stan

dard

Al

gebr

a II

- 11

.2)

2. C

reat

e eq

uatio

ns in

tw

o or

mor

e va

riabl

es t

o re

pres

ent

re

latio

nshi

ps b

etw

een

quan

titie

s; g

raph

equ

atio

ns o

n co

ordi

-na

te a

xes

with

labe

ls a

nd s

cale

s.

3. R

epre

sent

con

stra

ints

by

equa

tions

or i

nequ

aliti

es, a

nd b

y sy

stem

s of

equ

atio

ns a

nd/o

r ine

qual

ities

, and

inte

rpre

t so

lu-

tions

as

viab

le o

r non

viab

le o

ptio

ns in

a m

odel

ing

cont

ext.

For

exam

ple,

rep

rese

nt in

equa

litie

s de

scrib

ing

nutr

ition

al a

nd c

ost

cons

trai

nts

on c

ombi

natio

ns o

f dif

fere

nt f

oods

.

4. R

earr

ange

for

mul

as t

o hi

ghlig

ht a

qua

ntit

y of

inte

rest

, usi

ng

the

sam

e re

ason

ing

as in

sol

ving

equ

atio

ns. F

or e

xam

ple,

re

arra

nge

Ohm

’s la

w V

= IR

to

high

light

res

ista

nce

R.

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A6.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A6.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A6.

0

A3.0

, A6.

0

B3.0

C10.

0

C3.0

D2.0

, D5.

0,

D7.0

, D9.

0

D5.0

, D7.

0,

D8.0

, D9.

0

40


Acad

ic

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Alge

bra

– A-

APR

– A

rithm

etic

wit

h Po

lyno

mia

ls a

nd R

atio

nal

Expr

essi

ons

ignm

enem

Al

t

A.

Biot

echn

olog

y

Mat

rix

B.

Pati

ent

Care

PATH

WA

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

YS

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

Perf

orm

arit

hmet

ic o

pera

tions

on

poly

nom

ials

1. U

nder

stan

d th

at p

olyn

omia

ls f

orm

a s

yste

m a

nalo

gous

to

the

in

tege

rs, n

amel

y, t

hey

are

clos

ed u

nder

the

ope

ratio

ns o

f add

ition

, su

btra

ctio

n, a

nd m

ultip

licat

ion:

add

, sub

trac

t, an

d m

ultip

ly p

olyn

omia

ls,

and

divi

de p

olyn

omia

ls b

y m

onom

ials

. Sol

ve p

robl

ems

in a

nd o

ut o

f co

ntex

t. (C

omm

on C

ore

Stan

dard

A-A

PR-1

1)

5. (+

) Kno

w a

nd a

pply

the

Bino

mia

l The

orem

for t

he e

xpan

sion

of (

x+ y

)n in

pow

ers

of x

and

y f

or a

pos

itive

inte

ger n

, whe

re x

and

yar

e an

y nu

mbe

rs, w

ith c

oeffi

cien

ts d

eter

min

ed f

or e

xam

ple

by P

asca

l’s T

riang

le.

6. R

ewrit

e si

mpl

e ra

tiona

l exp

ress

ions

in d

iffe

rent

for

ms;

writ

e

a(x)

/b(x

) in

the

form

q(x

) + r

(x)/

b(x)

, whe

re a

(x),

b(x)

, q(x

), an

d r(

x)

are

poly

nom

ials

with

the

deg

ree

of r

(x) l

ess

than

the

deg

ree

of b

(x),

usin

g in

spec

tion,

long

div

isio

n, o

r, fo

r the

mor

e co

mpl

icat

ed e

xam

ples

, a

com

pute

r alg

ebra

sys

tem

.

7. (+

) Und

erst

and

that

rat

iona

l exp

ress

ions

for

m a

sys

tem

ana

logo

us t

o th

e ra

tiona

l num

bers

, clo

sed

unde

r add

ition

, sub

trac

tion,

mul

tiplic

atio

n,

and

divi

sion

by

a no

nzer

o ra

tiona

l exp

ress

ion;

add

, sub

trac

t, m

ultip

ly,

and

divi

de r

atio

nal e

xpre

ssio

ns.

Alge

bra

– A-

REI –

Rea

soni

ng w

ith

Equa

tion

s an

d In

equa

litie

s

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A6.0

A1.0

A6.0

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A6.0

B3.0

D5.0

, D7.

0,

D8.0

D5.0

, D7.

0,

D8.0

Unde

rsta

nd so

lvin

g eq

uatio

ns a

s a p

roce

ss o

f rea

soni

ng a

nd e

xpla

in th

e re

ason

ing

1. E

xpla

in e

ach

step

in s

olvi

ng a

sim

ple

equa

tion

as f

ollo

win

g fr

om t

he

equa

lity

of n

umbe

rs a

sser

ted

at t

he p

revi

ous

step

, sta

rtin

g fr

om t

he

assu

mpt

ion

that

the

orig

inal

equ

atio

n ha

s a

solu

tion.

Con

stru

ct a

via

ble

argu

men

t to

just

ify

a so

lutio

n m

etho

d.

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A6.0

B3.0

41


Acad

ic

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Alge

bra

– A-

REI –

Rea

soni

ng w

ith

Equa

tion

s an

d In

equa

litie

s (c

ontin

ued)

ignm

enem

Al

t

A.

Biot

echn

olog

y

Mat

rix

B.

Pati

ent

Care

PATH

WA

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

YS

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

2. S

olve

sim

ple

ratio

nal a

nd r

adic

al e

quat

ions

in o

ne v

aria

ble,

and

giv

e ex

ampl

es s

how

ing

how

ext

rane

ous

solu

tions

may

aris

e.

Solv

e eq

uatio

ns a

nd in

equa

litie

s in

one

varia

ble

3. S

olve

line

ar e

quat

ions

and

ineq

ualit

ies

in o

ne v

aria

ble,

incl

udin

g eq

uatio

ns w

ith c

oeffi

cien

ts r

epre

sent

ed b

y le

tter

s.

3.1

Solv

e eq

uatio

ns a

nd in

equa

litie

s in

volv

ing

abso

lute

val

ue. (

CA

Stan

dard

Alg

ebra

I -

3.0

and

CA S

tand

ard

Alge

bra

II -

1.0)

Solv

e sy

stem

s of e

quat

ions

5. P

rove

tha

t, gi

ven

a sy

stem

of t

wo

equa

tions

in t

wo

varia

bles

, re

plac

ing

one

equa

tion

by t

he s

um o

f tha

t eq

uatio

n an

d a

mul

tiple

of

the

othe

r pro

duce

s a

syst

em w

ith t

he s

ame

solu

tions

.

6. S

olve

sys

tem

s of

line

ar e

quat

ions

exa

ctly

and

app

roxi

mat

ely

(e.g

., w

ith g

raph

s), f

ocus

ing

on p

airs

of l

inea

r equ

atio

ns in

tw

o va

riabl

es.

8. (+

) Rep

rese

nt a

sys

tem

of l

inea

r equ

atio

ns a

s a

sing

le m

atrix

eq

uatio

n in

a v

ecto

r var

iabl

e.

Repr

esen

t and

solv

e eq

uatio

ns a

nd in

equa

litie

s gra

phic

ally

10. U

nder

stan

d th

at t

he g

raph

of a

n eq

uatio

n in

tw

o va

riabl

es is

the

se

t of

all

its

solu

tions

plo

tted

in t

he c

oord

inat

e pl

ane,

oft

en f

orm

ing

a cu

rve

(whi

ch c

ould

be

a lin

e).

11. E

xpla

in w

hy t

he x

-coo

rdin

ates

of t

he p

oint

s w

here

the

gra

phs

of

the

equa

tions

y =

f(x

) and

y =

g(x

) int

erse

ct a

re t

he s

olut

ions

of t

he

equa

tion

f(x)

= g

(x);

find

the

solu

tions

app

roxi

mat

ely,

e.g

., us

ing

te

chno

logy

to

grap

h th

e fu

nctio

ns, m

ake

tabl

es o

f val

ues,

or fi

nd

succ

essi

ve a

ppro

xim

atio

ns. I

nclu

de c

ases

whe

re f

(x) a

nd/o

r g(x

) are

lin

ear,

poly

nom

ial,

ratio

nal,

abso

lute

val

ue, e

xpon

entia

l, an

d lo

garit

hmic

fu

nctio

ns.

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A6.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A6.0

A3.0

, A6.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A6.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A6.

0

B3.0

B3.0

C3.0

C3.0

D5.0

, D7.

0

E2.0

, E5.

0F7

.0, F

8.0,

F1

2.0

42


d

,

al a

nor

al 0

th

, 0 , 0

.0 . .0 . .0 .2 2 2vi l 7 1 7 1 7 1F. a

nt ah He F F F F F F, , , , , ,

e .0 .0

M Be .0 .0 .0 .06 6 F8 6F F8 F F F8

y d ic

an

mm

unit

th

, E

3.0 ,,

.0 .0

E. l

E2 4a Eblu H

e , ,

.0 0 ,

o . .0 .P C E2 E5 1E E3.0 0

E5

erio

nal

t , , , , a es 0 0 0 0or . . C . .c 7 7 7 7

D. th at p ivrS l 0, D

0, D , D

.0 0, D

0a er .0Y p Sup

Se .0 .0

D2.

WA He

O D9

D2.

D9

D2.

D9 .5D D9

H ti

ve T e

PA

ra es CC. st

ra c

th

ii vrl na i Se

He m .0 .0 .0 .0

Ad 3 3 3 3C C C Cxir M

at B.

Pati

ent

reCa

B3.0

B3.0

B3.0

B3.0

ignm

ent

yghn

olo , , ,

.0 .0

, .0 .0 .0 .0

A. 6 3 3 2 6 3cl e A A

A

, , , A A , A A

Biot .0 0 .0 0 ,.0

,

.0 . . .0 .0 0.

1 1 A6 1 1 3 1

emic A A A A6 A A A A6

s , s - n

s as

a h

a able s

tie lf

ent

g to

the

ni ,

r dom

a ,

e th

e - on

i

d d n

on o

f i ti s s xsa i n i eil t ne

a r able

, nc

) to e ti i

Ac ua x a ti ti . u g, ce ti r y) i nq y

Equ

atio

ns a

nd In

e t o v

i on ele

m

t n e tn n n a i e e do

ma

ti ve m

a

pl

l wua t

qe

id

the

dom

a

pti

h c i o a u i p n ar ti i

L

able it

ta

t of

the

dom

a a

n n s of

a

) the m la

n is ndi . u dc

CA s ox r s

weni xr

on n

o ( o q il e a

r

y =

f a r opr

i o e es d i te

vn p the

c

w de

ve; r h le

, if t

he f

mbl

e pra s pI e n f e iD o

v ti . n sn tt e d p

i s i e r on i s o n t l

pu s of

the

q

r pa sb te

d, w mti ac n aE t e r ni

ual m rr o n mw e mt ne ; i ga

D M

nc

xn

of a

s lela e on

t on a

u l w rq l cti aa or i ti rti te

st tn e p f

on n

ot e te

Y n a

vep or

; ai e

- c ua s to

as

n

tion

s a

n h a

or e

i n nc

LOG

e

hav en py e

f

i F k i lfg

ha

son

and

u

s to

eac

h e

ng F

unc t

( q lr of

c a .t uN s ai t ons

f b d b

ip ve r r s ui s

ve, o

r ne

NC

E A

e e i

h ual sa nea

O qt

the

c o

f li ni

om o

ne s a

ftp

uh

of t

he e

ion teti

onsh ble e

s g e t g otti nt s ti d

b bi iss

the

ou nc nc : i ton

to

i r wa e i a si sc s

g w

e fn u ic ti d t r

i ude n ri

nd

s ru oN n u ou ger m o i ; et sig

te f e f la t

CH n a s d

ehenE ne

a p ti p e cl e t - ten e s a i ni i t e nc re as ryi r u lua

) nge.

If

app

l

us

te n ng, p

s t ls a

rhs

ay

f i p on

on r

s

ons

to a

l on f n

SC

I

rpr ia etr ti

E e i sr ey p s nc i

ve i

T

REI –

Rea

dat

to a

s ao v a easi

on o

f the

c m re u ee a f

ti nge

no

IF –

Int nc a de the

g

tha

on, e

s rn f de cr

t o

n

H u

d th

e r

t of

the

r g k r tiu m siss a

ri t y onsh

it a ti oong

the

b

u ) i tp f n w ; s of p

T ti e teL a f x o

f g

f(h

of

a m s tha lae m

o

ese y f o

f a f

n

A t e ms e e

ti

on s n r ng

, de

r

nc it

nd t

ha

nu u u

tand

the

c

, the

eo ele tl t mb

the

p

-E

tion

s –

F m np

on n

o

on t

ha

hs s

ho

ve r

a on . K easi

m uoh

the

s ti ti a ti .

gebr

a –

A-

l a t i pe pe i

H au rl t s t a ii c cr ac nd e n) sr a t

(y

one

e

e g nc ti y f tr

e e

te h onsh n ire sp us

etch

g

d m

ilo tiu i nc s th

e n on

ti , the

ti

d

h th

e s

s do

ma yl u nc t a nce ncx orr s . T uu n r u r t f t

k

ti n up

as t

he i

Und

e t. e ve ten s x e f te ea x ri

or a

f

la on i

cr la it he

te t

he d

oma

. Gr e ( tl nt p tin n p

Func

Unde

e g aet r

o

2. U

s tt rpr

ua d i ms

a

te te

the

rnc u R

e

of i

inp

to t

he q

)o ac

pla n F d

sk

nl(c 2 r . n x n co . n a

f

A 1 In n u m .1 a 4 a f 5 h( ng e a or t

he f

i i f

43


Acad

c

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Func

tion

s –

F-IF

– In

terp

retin

g Fu

ncti

ons

(con

tinue

d)

iig

nmen

t M

atrix

em A

l

A.

Biot

echn

olog

yB.

Pa

tien

t Ca

re

PATH

WA

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

YS

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

6. C

alcu

late

and

inte

rpre

t th

e av

erag

e ra

te o

f cha

nge

of a

fun

ctio

n (p

rese

nted

sym

bolic

ally

or a

s a

tabl

e) o

ver a

spe

cifie

d in

terv

al. E

stim

ate

the

rate

of c

hang

e fr

om a

gra

ph.

Anal

yze

func

tions

usi

ng d

iffer

ent r

epre

sent

atio

ns

7. G

raph

fun

ctio

ns e

xpre

ssed

sym

bolic

ally

and

sho

w k

ey f

eatu

res

of t

he

grap

h, b

y ha

nd in

sim

ple

case

s an

d us

ing

tech

nolo

gy f

or m

ore

com

pli-

cate

d ca

ses.

a. G

raph

line

ar a

nd q

uadr

atic

fun

ctio

ns a

nd s

how

inte

rcep

ts, m

axim

a,

and

min

ima.

b. G

raph

squ

are

root

, cub

e ro

ot, a

nd p

iece

wis

e-de

fined

fun

ctio

ns,

incl

udin

g st

ep f

unct

ions

and

abs

olut

e va

lue

func

tions

.

c. G

raph

pol

ynom

ial f

unct

ions

, ide

ntif

ying

zer

os w

hen

suita

ble

fac-

toriz

atio

ns a

re a

vaila

ble,

and

sho

win

g en

d be

havi

or.

d. (+

) Gra

ph r

atio

nal f

unct

ions

, ide

ntif

ying

zer

os a

nd a

sym

ptot

es

whe

n su

itabl

e fa

ctor

izat

ions

are

ava

ilabl

e, a

nd s

how

ing

end

beha

vior

.

e. G

raph

exp

onen

tial a

nd lo

garit

hmic

fun

ctio

ns, s

how

ing

inte

rcep

ts

and

end

beha

vior

, and

trig

onom

etric

fun

ctio

ns, s

how

ing

perio

d, m

id-

line,

and

am

plitu

de.

8. W

rite

a fu

nctio

n de

fined

by

an e

xpre

ssio

n in

dif

fere

nt b

ut e

quiv

alen

t fo

rms

to r

evea

l and

exp

lain

dif

fere

nt p

rope

rtie

s of

the

fun

ctio

n.

a. U

se t

he p

roce

ss o

f fac

torin

g an

d co

mpl

etin

g th

e sq

uare

in a

qua

-dr

atic

fun

ctio

n to

sho

w z

eros

, ext

rem

e va

lues

, and

sym

met

ry o

f the

gr

aph,

and

inte

rpre

t th

ese

in t

erm

s of

a c

onte

xt.

9. C

ompa

re p

rope

rtie

s of

tw

o fu

nctio

ns e

ach

repr

esen

ted

in a

dif

fer-

ent

way

(alg

ebra

ical

ly, g

raph

ical

ly, n

umer

ical

ly in

tab

les,

or b

y ve

rbal

de

scrip

tions

). Fo

r exa

mpl

e, g

iven

a g

raph

of o

ne q

uadr

atic

fun

ctio

n an

d an

alg

ebra

ic e

xpre

ssio

n fo

r ano

ther

, say

whi

ch h

as t

he la

rger

max

imum

.

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A6.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A6.

0

A6.0

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A6.0

B3.0

B3.0

C3.0

C3.0

D2.0

, D5.

0,

D7.0

, D9.

0

E1.0

, E2.

0,

E3.0

, E4.

0,

E5.0

E3.0

, E4.

0,

E5.0

F7.0

, F8.

0,

F12.

0

F6.0

, F7.

0,

F8.0

, F12

.0

44


Acad

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Func

tion

s –

F-IF

– In

terp

retin

g Fu

ncti

ons

(con

tinue

d)

emic

Alig

nmen

t

A.

Biot

echn

olog

y Mat

rix

B.

Pati

ent

Care

PATH

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

WYSA

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

10. D

emon

stra

te a

n un

ders

tand

ing

of f

unct

ions

and

equ

atio

ns d

efine

d pa

ram

etric

ally

and

gra

ph t

hem

. (CA

Sta

ndar

d M

ath

Anal

ysis

- 7

.0)

Func

tion

s –

F-BF

– B

uild

ing

Func

tion

s

A1.0

, A6.

0

Build

a fu

nctio

n th

at m

odel

s a re

latio

nshi

p be

twee

n tw

o qu

antit

ies

1. W

rite

a fu

nctio

n th

at d

escr

ibes

a r

elat

ions

hip

betw

een

two

quan

titie

s.

a. D

eter

min

e an

exp

licit

expr

essi

on, a

rec

ursi

ve p

roce

ss, o

r ste

ps f

or

calc

ulat

ion

from

a c

onte

xt.

b. C

ombi

ne s

tand

ard

func

tion

type

s us

ing

arith

met

ic o

pera

tions

. For

ex

ampl

e, b

uild

a fu

nctio

n th

at m

odel

s the

tem

pera

ture

of a

coo

ling

body

by

addi

ng a

con

stan

t fun

ctio

n to

a d

ecay

ing

expo

nent

ial,

and

rela

te th

ese

func

tions

to th

e m

odel

.

c. (+

) Com

pose

fun

ctio

ns. F

or e

xam

ple,

if T

(y) i

s th

e te

mpe

ratu

re in

the

at

mos

pher

e as

a f

unct

ion

of h

eigh

t, an

d h(

t) is

the

hei

ght

of a

wea

ther

ba

lloon

as

a fu

nctio

n of

tim

e, t

hen

T(h(

t)) i

s th

e te

mpe

ratu

re a

t th

e lo

catio

n of

the

wea

ther

bal

loon

as

a fu

nctio

n of

tim

e.

Build

new

func

tions

from

exi

stin

g fu

nctio

ns

3. Id

entif

y th

e ef

fect

on

the

grap

h of

rep

laci

ng f

(x) b

y f(

x) +

k, k

f(x)

, f(

kx),

and

f(x

+ k)

for

spe

cific

val

ues

of k

(bot

h po

sitiv

e an

d ne

gativ

e);

find

the

valu

e of

k g

iven

the

gra

phs.

Exp

erim

ent

with

cas

es a

nd il

lust

rate

an

exp

lana

tion

of t

he e

ffec

ts o

n th

e gr

aph

usin

g te

chno

logy

. Inc

lude

re

cogn

izin

g ev

en a

nd o

dd f

unct

ions

fro

m t

heir

grap

hs a

nd a

lgeb

raic

ex

pres

sion

s fo

r the

m.

3.1

Solv

e pr

oble

ms

invo

lvin

g fu

nctio

nal c

once

pts,

suc

h as

com

posi

tion,

de

finin

g th

e in

vers

e fu

nctio

n an

d pe

rfor

min

g ar

ithm

etic

ope

ratio

ns o

n fu

nctio

ns. (

CA S

tand

ard

Alge

bra

II -

24.0

)

A3.0

, A6.

0

A1.0

D5.0

, D7.

0,

D9.

0E4

.0, E

5.0

E4.0

, E5.

0

F6.0

, F7.

0,

F8.0

, F12

.0

F6.0

, F7.

0,

F8.0

, F12

.0

45


Acad

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Func

tion

s –

F-LE

– L

inea

r, Q

uadr

atic

, and

Exp

onen

tial M

odel

s

emic

Alig

nmen

t

A.

Biot

echn

olog

y Mat

rix

B.

Pati

ent

Care

PATH

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

WYSA

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

1. D

istin

guis

h be

twee

n si

tuat

ions

tha

t ca

n be

mod

eled

with

line

ar

func

tions

and

with

exp

onen

tial f

unct

ions

.

a. P

rove

tha

t lin

ear f

unct

ions

gro

w b

y eq

ual d

iffe

renc

es o

ver e

qual

in

terv

als,

and

tha

t ex

pone

ntia

l fun

ctio

ns g

row

by

equa

l fac

tors

ove

r eq

ual i

nter

vals

.

b. R

ecog

nize

situ

atio

ns in

whi

ch o

ne q

uant

ity

chan

ges

at a

con

stan

t ra

te p

er u

nit

inte

rval

rel

ativ

e to

ano

ther

.

c. R

ecog

nize

situ

atio

ns in

whi

ch a

qua

ntit

y gr

ows

or d

ecay

s by

a

cons

tant

per

cent

rat

e pe

r uni

t in

terv

al r

elat

ive

to a

noth

er.

2. C

onst

ruct

line

ar a

nd e

xpon

entia

l fun

ctio

ns, i

nclu

ding

arit

hmet

ic a

nd

geom

etric

seq

uenc

es, g

iven

a g

raph

, a d

escr

iptio

n of

a r

elat

ions

hip,

or

two

inpu

t-ou

tput

pai

rs (i

nclu

de r

eadi

ng t

hese

fro

m a

tab

le).

3. O

bser

ve u

sing

gra

phs

and

tabl

es t

hat

a qu

antit

y in

crea

sing

exp

onen

-tia

lly e

vent

ually

exc

eeds

a q

uant

ity

incr

easi

ng li

near

ly, q

uadr

atic

ally

, or

(mor

e ge

nera

lly) a

s a

poly

nom

ial f

unct

ion.

Inte

rpre

t exp

ress

ions

for f

unct

ions

in te

rms o

f the

situ

atio

n th

ey m

odel

5. In

terp

ret

the

para

met

ers

in a

line

ar o

r exp

onen

tial f

unct

ion

in t

erm

s of

a

cont

ext.

6. A

pply

qua

drat

ic e

quat

ions

to

phys

ical

pro

blem

s, s

uch

as t

he m

otio

n of

an

obj

ect

unde

r the

for

ce o

f gra

vity

. (CA

Sta

ndar

d Al

gebr

a 1-

23.

0)

Num

ber

and

Qua

ntit

y –

N-Q

– Q

uant

itie

s

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A6.0

A3.0

, A6.

0

A1.0

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A6.0

A6.0

B3.0

B3.0

C3.0

C3.0

C3.0

C3.0

C3.0

E4.0

, E5.

0F6

.0, F

7.0,

F8

.0, F

12.0

Reas

on q

uant

itativ

ely

and

use

units

to so

lve

prob

lem

s

1. U

se u

nits

as

a w

ay t

o un

ders

tand

pro

blem

s an

d to

gui

de t

he s

olut

ion

of m

ulti-

step

pro

blem

s; c

hoos

e an

d in

terp

ret

unit

s co

nsis

tent

ly in

for

-m

ulas

; cho

ose

and

inte

rpre

t th

e sc

ale

and

the

orig

in in

gra

phs

and

data

di

spla

ys.

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A6.0

, A8.

0B3

.0C3

.0D5

.0, D

7.0,

D

9.0

E1.0

, E2.

0,

E5.0

F6.0

, F7.

0,

F8.0

, F12

.0

46


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Num

ber

and

Qua

ntit

y –

N-Q

– Q

uant

itie

s (c

ontin

ued)

A.

Biot

echn

olog

yB.

Pa

tien

t Ca

re

PATH

WAY

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

S

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

2. D

efine

app

ropr

iate

qua

ntiti

es f

or t

he p

urpo

se o

f des

crip

tive

mod

elin

g.

3. C

hoos

e a

leve

l of a

ccur

acy

appr

opria

te t

o lim

itatio

ns o

n m

easu

re-

men

t w

hen

repo

rtin

g qu

antit

ies.

Stat

isti

cs a

nd P

roba

bilit

y –

S-IC

– M

akin

g In

fere

nces

and

Ju

stif

ying

Con

clus

ions

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A6.0

, A8.

0

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A6.0

, A8.

0

B3.0

B3.0

C3.0

C3.0

D7.0

D7.0

E1.0

, E2.

0,

E4.0

, E5.

0

E2.0

, E4.

0,

E5.0

F7.0

, F8.

0,

F11.

0, F

12.0

F7.0

, F8.

0,

F11.

0, F

12.0

Unde

rsta

nd a

nd e

valu

ate

rand

om p

roce

sses

und

erly

ing

stat

istic

al

expe

rimen

ts

1. U

nder

stan

d st

atis

tics

as a

pro

cess

for

mak

ing

infe

renc

es a

bout

po

pula

tion

para

met

ers

base

d on

a r

ando

m s

ampl

e fr

om t

hat

po

pula

tion.

2. D

ecid

e if

a sp

ecifi

ed m

odel

is c

onsi

sten

t w

ith r

esul

ts f

rom

a

give

n da

ta-g

ener

atin

g pr

oces

s, e

.g.,

usin

g si

mul

atio

n. F

or e

xam

ple,

a

mod

el s

ays

a sp

inni

ng c

oin

falls

hea

ds u

p w

ith p

roba

bilit

y 0.

5.

Wou

ld a

res

ult

of 5

tai

ls in

a r

ow c

ause

you

to

ques

tion

the

mod

el?

Mak

e in

fere

nces

and

just

ify c

oncl

usio

ns fr

om sa

mpl

e su

rvey

s,

expe

rimen

ts, a

nd o

bser

vatio

nal s

tudi

es

3. R

ecog

nize

the

pur

pose

s of

and

dif

fere

nces

am

ong

sam

ple

su

rvey

s, e

xper

imen

ts, a

nd o

bser

vatio

nal s

tudi

es; e

xpla

in h

ow

rand

omiz

atio

n re

late

s to

eac

h.

5. U

se d

ata

from

a r

ando

miz

ed e

xper

imen

t to

com

pare

tw

o tr

eat-

men

ts; u

se s

imul

atio

ns t

o de

cide

if d

iffe

renc

es b

etw

een

para

met

ers

are

sign

ifica

nt.

6. E

valu

ate

repo

rts

base

d on

dat

a.

A1.0

, A5.

0,

A6.0

A1.0

, A5.

0,

A6.0

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A5.0

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A4.0

, A5.

0,

A6.0

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A5.0

, A6.

0,

A9.0

B3.0

, B9.

0,

B13.

0

B3.0

, B9.

0,

B13.

0

B3.0

, B9.

0,

B13.

0

B3.0

, B9.

0,

B13.

0

B1.0

, B3.

0,

B9.0

, B13

.0

C3.0

C3.0

C1.0

, C3.

0, C

4.0

D5.0

D5.0

, D7.

0,

D9.

0

E1.0

, E2.

0,

E5.0

E5.0

E4.0

, E5.

0

E5.0

E1.0

, E2.

0,

E3.0

, E4.

0,

E5.0

F1.0

, F7.

0,

F8.0

, F11

.0,

F12.

0

F8.0

F1.0

, F6.

0,

F8.0

, F11

.0

F6.0

, F8.

0

F4.0

, F6.

0,

F8.0

, F11

.0

47


Acad

mic

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Stat

isti

cs a

nd P

roba

bilit

y –

S-ID

– In

terp

retin

g Ca

tego

rical

an

d Q

uant

itat

ive

Data

ignm

ee

Al A.

Biot

echn

olog

y

nt M

atrix

B.

Pati

ent

Care

YPA

THW

A

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

S

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

Sum

mar

ize,

repr

esen

t, an

d in

terp

ret d

ata

on a

sing

le c

ount

or

mea

sure

men

t var

iabl

e

1. R

epre

sent

dat

a w

ith p

lots

on

the

real

num

ber l

ine

(dot

plo

ts,

hist

ogra

ms,

and

box

plo

ts).

2. U

se s

tatis

tics

appr

opria

te t

o th

e sh

ape

of t

he d

ata

dist

ribut

ion

to c

ompa

re c

ente

r (m

edia

n, m

ean)

and

spr

ead

(inte

rqua

rtile

ran

ge,

stan

dard

dev

iatio

n) o

f tw

o or

mor

e di

ffer

ent

data

set

s.

3. In

terp

ret

diff

eren

ces

in s

hape

, cen

ter,

and

spre

ad in

the

con

text

of

the

data

set

s, a

ccou

ntin

g fo

r pos

sibl

e ef

fect

s of

ext

rem

e da

ta p

oint

s (o

utlie

rs).

4. U

se t

he m

ean

and

stan

dard

dev

iatio

n of

a d

ata

set

to fi

t it

to a

no

rmal

dis

trib

utio

n an

d to

est

imat

e po

pula

tion

perc

enta

ges.

Rec

-og

nize

tha

t th

ere

are

data

set

s fo

r whi

ch s

uch

a pr

oced

ure

is n

ot

appr

opria

te. U

se c

alcu

lato

rs, s

prea

dshe

ets,

and

tab

les

to e

stim

ate

area

s un

der t

he n

orm

al c

urve

.

Sum

mar

ize,

repr

esen

t, an

d in

terp

ret d

ata

on tw

o ca

tego

rical

and

qu

antit

ativ

e va

riabl

es

5. S

umm

ariz

e ca

tego

rical

dat

a fo

r tw

o ca

tego

ries

in t

wo-

way

fr

eque

ncy

tabl

es. I

nter

pret

rel

ativ

e fr

eque

ncie

s in

the

con

text

of t

he

data

(inc

ludi

ng jo

int,

mar

gina

l, an

d co

nditi

onal

rel

ativ

e fr

eque

ncie

s).

Reco

gniz

e po

ssib

le a

ssoc

iatio

ns a

nd t

rend

s in

the

dat

a.

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A4.

0,

A5.0

, A6.

0,

A9.0

A1.0

, A6.

0

A1.0

, A6.

0

A1.0

A1.0

, A6.

0

B1.0

, B3.

0

B3.0

C3.0

C3.0

C3.0

C3.0

D5.0

, D7.

0,

D9.

0

D5.0

, D7.

0,

D9.

0

E1.0

, E2.

0,

E3.0

, E4.

0,

E5.0

E3.0

, E5.

0

E3.0

, E5.

0

E3.0

, E5.

0

E3.0

, E5.

0

F3.0

, F4.

0,

F6.0

, F8.

0,

F11.

0

F6.0

, F8.

0

F6.0

, F8.

0

F6.0

, F8.

0

F6.0

, F8.

0

48


Acad

emic

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Stat

isti

cs a

nd P

roba

bilit

y –

S-ID

– In

terp

retin

g Ca

tego

rical

and

Q

uant

itat

ive

Data

(con

tinue

d)

Alig

nmen

tM

at

A.

Biot

echn

olog

y rix B.

Pati

ent

Care

PATH

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

WYSA

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

6. R

epre

sent

dat

a on

tw

o qu

antit

ativ

e va

riabl

es o

n a

scat

ter p

lot,

and

desc

ribe

how

the

var

iabl

es a

re r

elat

ed.

a. F

it a

func

tion

to t

he d

ata;

use

fun

ctio

ns fi

tted

to

data

to

solv

e pr

oble

ms

in t

he c

onte

xt o

f the

dat

a. U

se g

iven

fun

ctio

ns o

r cho

ose

a fu

nctio

n su

gges

ted

by t

he c

onte

xt. E

mph

asiz

e lin

ear,

quad

ratic

, and

ex

pone

ntia

l mod

els.

b. In

form

ally

ass

ess

the

fit o

f a f

unct

ion

by p

lott

ing

and

anal

yzin

g re

sidu

als.

c. F

it a

linea

r fun

ctio

n fo

r a s

catt

er p

lot

that

sug

gest

s a

linea

r as

soci

atio

n.

Inte

rpre

t lin

ear m

odel

s

7. In

terp

ret

the

slop

e (r

ate

of c

hang

e) a

nd t

he in

terc

ept

(con

stan

t te

rm) o

f a

linea

r mod

el in

the

con

text

of t

he d

ata.

8. C

ompu

te (u

sing

tec

hnol

ogy)

and

inte

rpre

t th

e co

rrel

atio

n co

effic

ient

of

a lin

ear fi

t.

9. D

istin

guis

h be

twee

n co

rrel

atio

n an

d ca

usat

ion.

Stat

isti

cs a

nd P

roba

bilit

y –

S-CP

– C

ondi

tion

al P

roba

bilit

y an

d th

e Ru

les

of P

roba

bilit

y

A1.0

, A4.

0,

A6.0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A6.

0,

A9.0

A6.0

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A6.0

B1.0

, B3

.0

B3.0

C3.0

C3.0

C3.0

D5.0

, D7.

0,

D9.

0

D2.0

, D5.

0,

D7.0

, D8.

0,

D9.

0

D5.0

, D7.

0,

D8.0

, D9.

0

E3.0

, E5.

0

E1.0

, 2.0

, E3

.0, E

4.0,

E5

.0

E3.0

, E5.

0

E3.0

, E5.

0

F6.0

, F8.

0

F6.0

, F8.

0

F6.0

, F8.

0

F6.0

, F8.

0

Unde

rsta

nd in

depe

nden

ce a

nd c

ondi

tiona

l pro

babi

lity

and

use

them

to

inte

rpre

t dat

a

1. D

escr

ibe

even

ts a

s su

bset

s of

a s

ampl

e sp

ace

(the

set

of o

utco

mes

) us

ing

char

acte

ristic

s (o

r cat

egor

ies)

of t

he o

utco

mes

, or a

s un

ions

, in

ters

ectio

ns, o

r com

plem

ents

of o

ther

eve

nts

(“or

,” “a

nd,”

“not

”).

A1.0

49


Acad

emic

A

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Stat

isti

cs a

nd P

roba

bilit

y –

S-M

D –

Usin

g Pr

obab

ility

to

Mak

e De

cisi

ons

lig

nmen

t M

atrix

A.

Biot

echn

olog

yB.

Pa

tien

t Ca

re

PATH

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

WYSA

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal

and

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

Calc

ulat

e ex

pect

ed v

alue

s and

use

them

to so

lve

prob

lem

s

1. (+

) Defi

ne a

ran

dom

var

iabl

e fo

r a q

uant

ity

of in

tere

st b

y as

sign

ing

a nu

mer

ical

val

ue t

o ea

ch e

vent

in a

sam

ple

spac

e; g

raph

the

cor

resp

ondi

ng

prob

abili

ty d

istr

ibut

ion

usin

g th

e sa

me

grap

hica

l dis

play

s as

for

dat

a di

stri-

butio

ns.

Use

prob

abili

ty to

eva

luat

e ou

tcom

es o

f dec

ision

s

5. (+

) Wei

gh t

he p

ossi

ble

outc

omes

of a

dec

isio

n by

ass

igni

ng p

roba

bilit

ies

to p

ayof

f val

ues

and

findi

ng e

xpec

ted

valu

es.

a. F

ind

the

expe

cted

pay

off f

or a

gam

e of

cha

nce.

For

exa

mpl

e, fi

nd t

he

expe

cted

win

ning

s fr

om a

sta

te lo

tter

y tic

ket

or a

gam

e at

a f

ast-

food

re

stau

rant

.

b. E

valu

ate

and

com

pare

str

ateg

ies

on t

he b

asis

of e

xpec

ted

valu

es. F

or

exam

ple,

com

pare

a h

igh

dedu

ctib

le v

ersu

s a

low

-ded

uctib

le a

utom

obile

in

sura

nce

polic

y us

ing

vario

us, b

ut r

easo

nabl

e, c

hanc

es o

f hav

ing

a m

inor

or

a m

ajor

acc

iden

t.

6. (+

) Use

pro

babi

litie

s to

mak

e fa

ir de

cisi

ons

(e.g

., dr

awin

g by

lots

, usi

ng a

ra

ndom

num

ber g

ener

ator

).

7. (+

) Ana

lyze

dec

isio

ns a

nd s

trat

egie

s us

ing

prob

abili

ty c

once

pts

(e.g

., pr

od-

uct

test

ing,

med

ical

tes

ting,

pul

ling

a ho

ckey

goa

lie a

t th

e en

d of

a g

ame)

.

Stat

isti

cs a

nd P

roba

bilit

y –

APP

S –

Adva

nced

Pla

cem

ent

Pr

obab

ility

and

Sta

tist

ics

A1.0

, A3.

0,

A6.0

A1.0

A1.0

A1.0

C3.0

D12.

0

D12.

0

E1.0

, E5.

0

E1.0

, E5.

0

F6.0

, F8.

0

7.0

Stud

ents

dem

onst

rate

an

unde

rsta

ndin

g of

the

sta

ndar

d di

strib

utio

ns

(nor

mal

, bin

omia

l, an

d ex

pone

ntia

l) an

d ca

n us

e th

e di

strib

utio

ns t

o so

lve

for e

vent

s in

pro

blem

s in

whi

ch t

he d

istr

ibut

ion

belo

ngs

to t

hose

fam

ilies

.

10.0

Stu

dent

s kn

ow t

he d

efini

tions

of t

he m

ean,

med

ian.

and

mod

e of

dis

tri-

butio

n of

dat

a an

d ca

n co

mpu

te e

ach

of t

hem

in p

artic

ular

situ

atio

ns.

A1.0

A1.0

, A6.

0E1

.0, E

2.0,

E3

.0, E

4.0,

E5

.0

F4.0

, F7.

0,

F8.0

, F9.

0,

F11.

0, F

12.0

50


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

S

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

Bi

otec

hnol

ogy

Pati

ent

Hea

lth

Care

H

ealt

h Ca

re

Publ

ic a

nd

Men

tal a

nd

TE

CH

NO

LOG

YCa

reAd

min

istr

ativ

e O

pera

tion

al

Com

mun

ity

Beha

vior

al

Serv

ices

Supp

ort

Hea

lth

Hea

lth

Serv

ices

SCIE

NCE

Phys

ical

Sci

ence

s –

PSPS

1: M

atte

r and

Its

Inte

ract

ions

A6.0

, A8.

0,

PS1.

A: S

truc

ture

and

Pro

pert

ies

of M

atte

rB1

0.0

D10.

0, D

12.0

E6.0

A9.0

B10.

0,

PS1.

B: C

hem

ical

Rea

ctio

nsA6

.0, A

9.0

D4.

0E4

.0, E

6.0

B11.

0

PS2:

Mot

ion

and

Stab

ility

: For

ces

and

Inte

ract

ions

B8.0

, D5

.0, D

11.0

, PS

2.A:

For

ces

and

Mot

ion

E4.0

, E6.

0B9

.0D1

2.0

B8.0

, PS

2.C:

Sta

bilit

y an

d In

stab

ility

in P

hysi

cal S

yste

ms

D5.0

, D11

.0E4

.0F1

.0, F

9.0

B9.0

PS3:

Ene

rgy

PS3.

A: D

efini

tions

of E

nerg

yE6

.0

PS3.

C: R

elat

ions

hip

Betw

een

Ener

gy a

nd F

orce

sB8

.0E6

.0

PS3.

D: E

nerg

y in

Che

mic

al P

roce

sses

and

Eve

ryda

y Li

feA3

.0D1

2.0

E4.0

, E6.

0

PS4:

Wav

es a

nd T

heir

Appl

icat

ions

in T

echn

olog

ies

for I

nfor

mat

ion

Tran

sfer

PS4.

B: E

lect

rom

agne

tic R

adia

tion

B9.0

C8.0

, C9.

0,

PS4.

C: In

form

atio

n Te

chno

logi

es a

nd In

stru

men

tatio

nA7

.0C1

0.0,

C12

.0,

F10.

0C1

4.0

Life

Sci

ence

s –

LSLS

1: F

rom

Mol

ecul

es t

o O

rgan

ism

s: S

truc

ture

s an

d Pr

oces

ses

A1.0

, A3.

0,

LS1.

A: S

truc

ture

and

Fun

ctio

nD

4.0

E5.0

F1.0

, F4.

0A4

.0,

51


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

S

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

Bi

otec

hnol

ogy

Pati

ent

Hea

lth

Care

H

ealt

h Ca

re

Publ

ic a

nd

Men

tal a

nd

TE

CH

NO

LOG

YCa

reAd

min

istr

ativ

e O

pera

tion

al

Com

mun

ity

Beha

vior

al

Serv

ices

Supp

ort

Hea

lth

Hea

lth

Serv

ices

SCIE

NCE

Life

Sci

ence

s –

LS (c

ontin

ued)

B2.0

, LS

1.B:

Gro

wth

and

Dev

elop

men

t of

Org

anis

ms

A4.0

, A9.

0D

4.0,

D10

.0B1

0.0

LS1.

C: O

rgan

izat

ion

for M

atte

r and

Ene

rgy

Flow

in O

rgan

ism

sA1

.0, A

3.0

B2.0

A1.0

, A3.

0,

LS1.

D: I

nfor

mat

ion

Proc

essi

ngF1

0.0,

F11

.0A4

.0

LS2:

Eco

syst

ems:

Inte

ract

ions

, Ene

rgy,

and

Dyn

amic

s

LS2.

A: In

terd

epen

dent

Rel

atio

nshi

ps in

Eco

syst

ems

A1.0

E5.0

E2.0

, E4.

0,

LS2.

C: E

cosy

stem

s D

ynam

ics,

Fun

ctio

ning

, and

Res

ilien

ceF1

.0E5

.0

F1.0

, F2.

0,

LS2.

D: S

ocia

l Int

erac

tions

and

Gro

up B

ehav

ior

E2.0

F3.0

, F7.

0

LS3:

Her

edit

y: In

herit

ance

and

Var

iatio

n of

Tra

its

E1.0

, E3.

0,

LS3.

A: In

herit

ance

of T

rait

sA3

.0E5

.0

E1.0

, E3.

0,

LS3.

B: V

aria

tion

of T

rait

sA3

.0, A

9.0

F8.0

E5.0

LS4:

Bio

logi

cal E

volu

tion:

Uni

ty a

nd D

iver

sity

E1.0

, E2.

0,

LS4.

A: E

vide

nce

of C

omm

on A

nces

try

and

Dive

rsit

yF1

.0, F

11.0

E3.0

, E5.

0

E1.0

, E2.

0,

LS4:

B: N

atur

al S

elec

tion

E5.0

LS4.

C: A

dapt

atio

nA4

.0

LS4.

D: B

iodi

vers

ity

and

Hum

ans

A4.0

52


Acad

emic

A

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Eart

h an

d Sp

ace

Scie

nces

– E

SS

lig

nmen

t M

atrix

A.

Biot

echn

olog

yB.

Pa

tien

t Ca

re

PATH

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

WYSA

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

ESS3

: Ear

th a

nd H

uman

Act

ivit

y

ESS3

.A: N

atur

al R

esou

rces

ESS3

.B: N

atur

al H

azar

ds

ESS3

.C: H

uman

Impa

cts

on E

arth

Sys

tem

s

ESS3

.D: G

loba

l Clim

ate

Chan

ge

Engi

neer

ing,

Tec

hnol

ogy,

and

the

App

licat

ions

of

Scie

nce

– ET

S

A9.0

D12.

0E4

.0

ETS1

: Eng

inee

ring

Desi

gn

ETS1

.A: D

efini

ng a

nd D

elim

iting

an

Engi

neer

ing

Prob

lem

ETS1

.B: D

evel

opin

g Po

ssib

le S

olut

ions

ETS1

.C: O

ptim

izin

g th

e De

sign

Sol

utio

n

ETS2

: Lin

ks A

mon

g En

gine

erin

g, T

echn

olog

y, S

cien

ce, a

nd S

ocie

ty

ETS2

.A: I

nter

depe

nden

ce o

f Sci

ence

, Eng

inee

ring,

and

Tec

hnol

ogy

ETS2

.B: I

nflue

nce

of E

ngin

eerin

g, T

echn

olog

y, a

nd S

cien

ce o

n So

ciet

y an

d th

e N

atur

al W

orld HIS

TORY

/SO

CIAL

SCI

ENCE

Prin

cipl

es o

f A

mer

ican

Dem

ocra

cy a

nd E

cono

mic

s –

AD

A9.3

0

A5.0

, A9.

0B1

.0,

B5.0

, B8

.0

C3.0

, C5.

0,

C6.0

, C7.

0,

C8.0

, C9.

0,

C10.

0, C

11.0

D1.0

, D2.

0,

D5.0

, D9.

0,

D12.

0

D2.0

, D4.

0,

D7.0

, D12

.0

12.2

Stu

dent

s ev

alua

te a

nd t

ake

and

defe

nd p

ositi

ons

on t

he s

cope

and

lim

its

of ri

ghts

and

obl

igat

ions

as

dem

ocra

tic c

itize

ns, t

he r

elat

ions

hips

am

ong

them

, and

how

the

y ar

e se

cure

d.

12.2

.1. D

iscu

ss t

he m

eani

ng a

nd im

port

ance

of e

ach

of t

he ri

ghts

gua

r-an

teed

und

er t

he B

ill o

f Rig

hts

and

how

eac

h is

sec

ured

(e.g

., fr

eedo

m o

f re

ligio

n, s

peec

h, p

ress

, ass

embl

y, p

etiti

on, p

rivac

y).

12.2

.5. D

escr

ibe

the

reci

proc

ity

betw

een

right

s an

d ob

ligat

ions

; tha

t is

, w

hy e

njoy

men

t of

one

’s rig

hts

enta

ils r

espe

ct f

or t

he ri

ghts

of o

ther

s.

B6.0

B13.

0

E1.0

E1.0

E1.0

53


Acad

emic

A

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Prin

cipl

es o

f A

mer

ican

Dem

ocra

cy a

nd E

cono

mic

s –

AD

(con

tinue

d)

lig

nmen

t M

atrix

A.

Biot

echn

olog

yB.

Pa

tien

t Ca

re

PATH

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

WYSA

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

12.3

Stu

dent

s ev

alua

te a

nd t

ake

and

defe

nd p

ositi

ons

on w

hat

the

fun-

dam

enta

l val

ues

and

prin

cipl

es o

f civ

il so

ciet

y ar

e (i.

e., t

he a

uton

omou

s sp

here

of v

olun

tary

per

sona

l, so

cial

, and

eco

nom

ic r

elat

ions

tha

t ar

e no

t pa

rt o

f gov

ernm

ent)

, the

ir In

terd

epen

denc

e, a

nd t

he m

eani

ng a

nd im

por-

tanc

e of

tho

se v

alue

s an

d pr

inci

ples

for

a f

ree

soci

ety.

12.7

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e an

d co

mpa

re t

he p

ower

s an

d pr

oced

ures

of t

he

natio

nal,

stat

e, t

ribal

, and

loca

l gov

ernm

ents

.

12.7

.5. E

xpla

in h

ow p

ublic

pol

icy

is f

orm

ed, i

nclu

ding

the

set

ting

of t

he

publ

ic a

gend

a an

d im

plem

enta

tion

of it

thr

ough

reg

ulat

ions

and

exe

cu-

tive

orde

rs.

12.7

.6. C

ompa

re t

he p

roce

sses

of l

awm

akin

g at

eac

h of

the

thr

ee le

vels

of

gov

ernm

ent,

incl

udin

g th

e ro

le o

f lob

byin

g an

d th

e m

edia

.

Prin

cipl

es o

f Ec

onom

ics

– PE

A1.0

A7.0

B1.0

C1.0

, C2.

0

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

4.0

C2.0

D3.0

E1.0

, E2.

0,

E3.0

, E4.

0

E1.0

, E2.

0,

E3.0

, E4.

0,

E5.0

, E6.

0,

E7.0

, E8.

0

E1.0

, E2.

0

F1.0

, F3.

0,

F7.0

, F11

.0

12.1

Stu

dent

s un

ders

tand

com

mon

eco

nom

ic t

erm

s an

d co

ncep

ts a

nd

econ

omic

rea

soni

ng.

12.1

.1. E

xam

ine

the

caus

al r

elat

ions

hip

betw

een

scar

city

and

the

nee

d fo

r cho

ices

.

12.1

.2. E

xpla

in o

ppor

tuni

ty c

ost

and

mar

gina

l ben

efit

and

mar

gina

l cos

t.

12.1

.5. A

naly

ze t

he r

ole

of a

mar

ket

econ

omy

in e

stab

lishi

ng a

nd p

re-

serv

ing

polit

ical

and

per

sona

l lib

erty

(e.g

., th

roug

h th

e w

orks

of A

dam

Sm

ith).

12.2

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e el

emen

ts o

f Am

eric

a’s

mar

ket

econ

omy

in a

gl

obal

set

ting.

C3.0

C3.0

C3.0

54


Acad

emic

A

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Prin

cipl

es o

f Ec

onom

ics

– PE

(con

tinue

d)

lig

nmen

t M

atrix

A.

Biot

echn

olog

yB.

Pa

tien

t Ca

re

PATH

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

WYSA

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

12.2

.1. U

nder

stan

d th

e re

latio

nshi

p of

the

con

cept

of i

ncen

tives

to

the

law

of s

uppl

y an

d th

e re

latio

nshi

p of

the

con

cept

of i

ncen

tives

and

sub

-st

itute

s to

the

law

of d

eman

d.

12.2

.2. D

iscu

ss t

he e

ffec

ts o

f cha

nges

in s

uppl

y an

d/or

dem

and

on t

he

rela

tive

scar

city

, pric

e, a

nd q

uant

ity

of p

artic

ular

pro

duct

s.

12.2

.3. E

xpla

in t

he r

oles

of p

rope

rty

right

s, c

ompe

titio

n, a

nd p

rofit

in a

m

arke

t ec

onom

y.

12.2

.4. E

xpla

in h

ow p

rices

refl

ect

the

rela

tive

scar

city

of g

oods

and

se

rvic

es a

nd p

erfo

rm t

he a

lloca

tive

func

tion

in a

mar

ket

econ

omy.

12.2

.5. U

nder

stan

d th

e pr

oces

s by

whi

ch c

ompe

titio

n am

ong

buye

rs a

nd

selle

rs d

eter

min

es a

mar

ket

pric

e.

12.2

.6. D

escr

ibe

the

effe

ct o

f pric

e co

ntro

ls o

n bu

yers

and

sel

lers

.

12.2

.7. A

naly

ze h

ow d

omes

tic a

nd in

tern

atio

nal c

ompe

titio

n in

a m

arke

t ec

onom

y af

fect

s go

ods

and

serv

ices

pro

duce

d an

d th

e qu

alit

y, q

uant

ity,

an

d pr

ice

of t

hose

pro

duct

s.

12.3

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e in

fluen

ce o

f the

fed

eral

gov

ernm

ent

on t

he

Amer

ican

eco

nom

y.

12.3

.1. U

nder

stan

d ho

w t

he r

ole

of g

over

nmen

t in

a m

arke

t ec

onom

y of

ten

incl

udes

pro

vidi

ng f

or n

atio

nal d

efen

se, a

ddre

ssin

g en

viro

nmen

tal

conc

erns

, defi

ning

and

enf

orci

ng p

rope

rty

right

s, a

ttem

ptin

g to

mak

e m

arke

ts m

ore

com

petit

ive,

and

pro

tect

ing

cons

umer

s’ rig

hts.

12.3

.2. I

dent

ify

the

fact

ors

that

may

cau

se t

he c

osts

of g

over

nmen

t ac

tions

to

outw

eigh

the

ben

efits

.

12.4

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e el

emen

ts o

f the

U.S

. lab

or m

arke

t in

a g

loba

l se

ttin

g.

A7.0

A7.0

A7.0

A7.0

A7.0

A7.0

A7.0

C1.0

, C2.

0

C3.0

C3.0

, D9.

0

D1.0

, D5.

0,

D9.

0

55


Acad

emic

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

Prin

cipl

es o

f Ec

onom

ics

– PE

(con

tinue

d)

Alig

nmen

t

A.

Biot

echn

olog

y Mrix

at

B.

Pati

ent

Care

PATH

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

WYSA

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal

and

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

12.4

.2. D

escr

ibe

the

curr

ent

econ

omy

and

labo

r mar

ket,

incl

udin

g th

e ty

pes

of g

oods

and

ser

vice

s pr

oduc

ed, t

he t

ypes

of s

kills

wor

kers

nee

d,

the

effe

cts

of r

apid

tec

hnol

ogic

al c

hang

e, a

nd t

he im

pact

of i

nter

natio

nal

com

petit

ion.

12.4

.3. D

iscu

ss w

age

diff

eren

ces

amon

g jo

bs a

nd p

rofe

ssio

ns, u

sing

the

la

ws

of d

eman

d an

d su

pply

and

the

con

cept

of p

rodu

ctiv

ity.

12.5

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e ag

greg

ate

econ

omic

beh

avio

r of t

he U

.S.

econ

omy.

12.5

.2. D

efine

, cal

cula

te, a

nd e

xpla

in t

he s

igni

fican

ce o

f an

unem

ploy

men

t ra

te, t

he n

umbe

r of n

ew jo

bs c

reat

ed m

onth

ly, i

nflat

ion

or d

eflat

ion

rate

, an

d a

rate

of e

cono

mic

gro

wth

.

U.S.

His

tory

and

Geo

grap

hy –

US

A1.0

A1.0

B12.

0

B12.

0

B12.

0

C1.0

C1.0

, C2.

0,

C3.0

D1.0

E1.0

F1.0

11.2

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e re

latio

nshi

p am

ong

the

rise

of in

dust

rializ

atio

n,

larg

e-sc

ale

rura

l-to

-urb

an m

igra

tion,

and

mas

sive

imm

igra

tion

from

So

uthe

rn a

nd E

aste

rn E

urop

e.

11.2

.1. K

now

the

eff

ects

of i

ndus

tria

lizat

ion

on li

ving

and

wor

king

co

nditi

ons,

incl

udin

g th

e po

rtra

yal o

f wor

king

con

ditio

ns a

nd f

ood

safe

ty

in U

pton

Sin

clai

r’s T

he Ju

ngle

.

11.5

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e m

ajor

pol

itica

l, so

cial

, eco

nom

ic, t

echn

olog

ical

, an

d cu

ltura

l dev

elop

men

ts o

f the

192

0s.

11.5

.7. D

iscu

ss t

he ri

se o

f mas

s pr

oduc

tion

tech

niqu

es, t

he g

row

th o

f ci

ties,

the

impa

ct o

f new

tec

hnol

ogie

s (e

.g.,

the

auto

mob

ile, e

lect

ricit

y),

and

the

resu

lting

pro

sper

ity

and

effe

ct o

n th

e Am

eric

an la

ndsc

ape.

11.11

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e m

ajor

soc

ial p

robl

ems

and

dom

estic

pol

icy

issu

es

in c

onte

mpo

rary

Am

eric

an s

ocie

ty.

11.11

.3. D

escr

ibe

the

chan

ging

rol

es o

f wom

en in

soc

iety

as

refle

cted

in

the

entr

y of

mor

e w

omen

into

the

labo

r for

ce a

nd t

he c

hang

ing

fam

ily

stru

ctur

e.

A1.0

, A9.

0

A1.0

B12.

0C1

.0D1

.0

E4.0

, E5.

0

E1.0

F1.0

56


Acad

emic

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

U.S.

His

tory

and

Geo

grap

hy –

US

(con

tinue

d)

Alig

nmen

tM

at

A.

Biot

echn

olog

y rix B.

Pati

ent

Care

PATH

WA

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

YS

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal a

nd

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

11.11

.6. A

naly

ze t

he p

ersi

sten

ce o

f pov

erty

and

how

dif

fere

nt a

naly

ses

of t

his

issu

e in

fluen

ce w

elfa

re r

efor

m, h

ealth

insu

ranc

e re

form

, and

ot

her s

ocia

l pol

icie

s.

11.11

.7. E

xpla

in h

ow t

he f

eder

al, s

tate

, and

loca

l gov

ernm

ents

hav

e re

spon

ded

to d

emog

raph

ic a

nd s

ocia

l cha

nges

suc

h as

pop

ulat

ion

shif

ts

to t

he s

ubur

bs, r

acia

l con

cent

ratio

ns in

the

citi

es, F

rost

belt-

to-S

unbe

lt m

igra

tion,

inte

rnat

iona

l mig

ratio

n, d

eclin

e of

fam

ily f

arm

s, in

crea

ses

in

out-

of-w

edlo

ck b

irths

, and

dru

g ab

use.

Chro

nolo

gica

l and

Spa

tial R

easo

ning

– C

SR

A2.

0, A

7.0

A1.0

, A2.

0

B1.0

B1.0

, B1

2.0

C1.0

, C4.

0

C1.0

,C2.

0, C

3.0

D3.0

D3.0

E1.0

, E2.

0

E1.0

, E2.

0,

E3.0

F8.0

1. S

tude

nts

com

pare

the

pre

sent

with

the

pas

t, ev

alua

ting

the

cons

e-qu

ence

s of

pas

t ev

ents

and

dec

isio

ns a

nd d

eter

min

ing

the

less

ons

that

w

ere

lear

ned.

A1.0

, A2.

0E1

.0, E

2.0,

E3

.0, E

4.0,

E5

.0F1

.0

2. S

tude

nts

anal

yze

how

cha

nge

happ

ens

at d

iffe

rent

rat

es a

t di

ffer

ent

times

; und

erst

and

that

som

e as

pect

s ca

n ch

ange

whi

le o

ther

s re

mai

n th

e sa

me;

and

und

erst

and

that

cha

nge

is c

ompl

icat

ed a

nd a

ffec

ts n

ot o

nly

tech

nolo

gy a

nd p

oliti

cs b

ut a

lso

valu

es a

nd b

elie

fs.

3. S

tude

nts

use

a va

riety

of m

aps

and

docu

men

ts t

o in

terp

ret

hum

an

mov

emen

t, in

clud

ing

maj

or p

atte

rns

of d

omes

tic a

nd in

tern

atio

nal

mig

ratio

n, c

hang

ing

envi

ronm

enta

l pre

fere

nces

and

set

tlem

ent

patt

erns

, th

e fr

ictio

ns t

hat

deve

lop

betw

een

popu

latio

n gr

oups

, and

the

dif

fusi

on o

f id

eas,

tec

hnol

ogic

al in

nova

tions

, and

goo

ds.

His

toric

al R

esea

rch,

Evi

denc

e, a

nd P

oint

of

View

– H

R

A1.0

, A2.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0

E1.0

, E2.

0,

E3.0

, E4.

0,

E5.0

E2.0

, E3.

0,

E4.0

, E5.

0

1. S

tude

nts

dist

ingu

ish

valid

arg

umen

ts f

rom

fal

laci

ous

argu

men

ts in

hi

stor

ical

inte

rpre

tatio

ns.

2. S

tude

nts

iden

tify

bias

and

pre

judi

ce in

his

toric

al in

terp

reta

tions

.

A1.0

, A2.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0

57


Acad

HE

ALT

H S

CIE

NC

E A

ND

ME

DIC

AL

T

EC

HN

OLO

GY

His

toric

al R

esea

rch,

Evi

denc

e, a

nd P

oint

of

View

– H

R

(con

tinue

d)

icig

nmen

em A

lt

A.

Biot

echn

olog

y

Mat

rix

B.

Pati

ent

Care

PATH

WA

C.

Hea

lth

Care

Ad

min

istr

ativ

e Se

rvic

es

YS

D.

Hea

lth

Care

O

pera

tion

al

Supp

ort

Serv

ices

E.

Publ

ic a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Hea

lth

F.

Men

tal

and

Beha

vior

al

Hea

lth

3. S

tude

nts

eval

uate

maj

or d

ebat

es a

mon

g hi

stor

ians

con

cern

ing

alte

r-na

tive

inte

rpre

tatio

ns o

f the

pas

t, in

clud

ing

an a

naly

sis

of a

utho

rs’ u

se

of e

vide

nce

and

the

dist

inct

ions

bet

wee

n so

und

gene

raliz

atio

ns a

nd

mis

lead

ing

over

sim

plfici

atio

ns.

4. S

tude

nts

cons

truc

t an

d te

st h

ypot

hese

s; c

olle

ct, e

valu

ate,

and

em

ploy

info

rmat

ion

from

mul

tiple

prim

ary

and

seco

ndar

y so

urce

s; a

nd

appl

y it

in o

ral a

nd w

ritte

n pr

esen

tatio

ns.

His

toric

al In

terp

reta

tion

– H

I

A1.0

, A2.

0

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A4.

0,

A5.0

, A6.

0,

A9.0

B4.0

, B6.

0,

B7.0

E5.0

1. S

tude

nts

show

the

con

nect

ions

, cau

sal a

nd o

ther

wis

e, b

etw

een

part

icul

ar h

isto

rical

eve

nts

and

larg

er s

ocia

l, ec

onom

ic, a

nd p

oliti

cal

tren

ds a

nd d

evel

opm

ents

.

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A7.

0

2. S

tude

nts

reco

gniz

e th

e co

mpl

exit

y of

his

toric

al c

ause

s an

d ef

fect

s,

incl

udin

g th

e lim

itatio

ns o

n de

term

inin

g ca

use

and

effe

ct.

3. S

tude

nts

inte

rpre

t pa

st e

vent

s an

d is

sues

with

in t

he c

onte

xt in

w

hich

an

even

t un

fold

ed r

athe

r tha

n so

lely

in t

erm

s of

pre

sent

-day

no

rms

and

valu

es.

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A7.

0B4

.0

4. S

tude

nts

unde

rsta

nd t

he m

eani

ng, i

mpl

icat

ion,

and

impa

ct o

f hi

stor

ical

eve

nts

and

reco

gniz

e th

at e

vent

s co

uld

have

tak

en o

ther

di

rect

ions

.

5. S

tude

nts

anal

yze

hum

an m

odfici

atio

ns o

f lan

dsca

pes

and

exam

ine

the

resu

lting

env

ironm

enta

l pol

icy

issu

es.

6. S

tude

nts

cond

uct

cost

-ben

efit

anal

yses

and

app

ly b

asic

eco

nom

ic

indi

cato

rs t

o an

alyz

e th

e ag

greg

ate

econ

omic

beh

avio

r of t

he U

.S.

econ

omy.

A1.0

, A2.

0,

A3.0

, A7.

0

C3.0

, C5.

0D5

.0, D

9.0

E1.0

, E2.

0,

E3.0

, E4.

0,

E5.0

, E6.

0

58


Contributors

Health Science and Medical Technology

Lloyd McCabe, Administrator, California Department of Education

Cindy Beck, Education Consultant, California Department of Education

Standards Review TeamCarla Cherry, Director, Kern Resource Center

Jim DeKloe, Professor, Solano Community College

Sheryl Denker, Senior Program Advisor, BayBio

Diane Garcia, Instructor/Clinical Coordinator, City College of San Francisco

Janet Hoff Kneier, Program Manager, Grossmont–Cuyamaca Community College

Moreen Lane, Senior Policy Analyst, California Workforce Investment Board

Dee Niedringhaus, Administrator, Instructional Programs, North Orange County Regional Occupational Program

Andrea Perry, Program Administrator, Cedars–Sinai Health Systems

Kathy Ruble, School to Career Coordinator, Manteca Unified School District

Patricia Twyman, Consultant, Health Science Education

Standards Writing TeamSheryl Denker, Senior Program Advisor, BayBio

Dr. Gustavo Loera, Director of Educational Research and Development, Mental Health America of Los Angeles

Dee Niedringhaus, Administrator, Instructional Programs, North Orange County Regional Occupational Program

Jacob Walker, Instructor, Adult Education, Twin Rivers School District

Common Core Alignment TeamDebbie Curtin, Instructor, Pasadena Unified School District

Monte Ekott, Instructor, Norwalk–La Mirada Unified School District

Debbie Foley, Instructor, Oceanside High School

Elizabeth Gonzalez, Instructor, Norwalk–La Mirada Unified School District

James Maynard, Instructor, Norwalk–La Mirada Unified School District

John Noonan, Instructor, Coachella Valley Unified School District

Scott Tarlton, Instructor, Westminster High School

Mark Viss, Instructor, Modesto City Schools

Darrel Wildt, Instructor, San Joaquin County Office of Education

59


References

ACT. 2010. A First Look at the Common Core and College and Career Readiness. http://www.act.org/research/policymakers/pdf/FirstLook.pdf (accessed December 4, 2012).

American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education (AACTE) and the Partnership for 21st Century Skills. 2010. “Preparing Students for the 21st Century Economy.” http://www.edsynergy.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/PREPARING-STUDENTS-FOR-THE-21ST-CENTURY-ECONOMY-3.doc (accessed December 4, 2012).

Anderson, Lorin W., David R. Krathwohl, Peter W. Airasian, Kathleen A. Cruikshank, Richard E. Mayer, Paul R. Pintrich, James Rahts, and Merlin C. Wittrock. 2001. A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. New York: Pearson.

Association of American Colleges and Universities. 2007. College Learning for the New Global Century. http://www.aacu.org/advocacy/leap/documents/GlobalCentury_final.pdf (accessed December 4, 2012).

Association of American Colleges and Universities and Peter D. Hart Research Associates, Inc. 2006. How Should Colleges Prepare Students to Succeed in Today’s Global Economy? http://www.aacu.org/leap/documents/Re8097abcombined.pdf (accessed December 4, 2012).

Brody, William R. 2007. “Health Care ’08: What’s Promised/What’s Possible?” Presented to the National Press Club, Washington, DC. http://web.jhu.edu/old/president/speeches/ 2007/health.html [Link no longer valid] (accessed December 21, 2012).

Brown, J. Kirk. 2011. Biotechnology: A Laboratory Skills Course. Hercules, CA: Bio-Rad Laboratories. http://www.bio-rad.com/ (accessed December 21, 2012).

California Department of Education. 2006. California Career Technical Education Model Curriculum Standards, Grades Seven Through Twelve. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/ct/sf/documents/ctestandards.pdf (accessed December 4, 2012).

. 2007. Career Technical Education Framework for California Public Schools, Grades Seven Through Twelve. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/ct/sf/documents/cteframework.pdf (accessed December 4, 2012).

California Employment Development Department. 2010. California’s Green Economy: Summary of Survey Results. http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/contentpub/GreenDigest/CA-Green-Economy-SummarySurveyResults.pdf (accessed December 4, 2012).

Children Now. 2010. California Report Card 2011–12: Setting the Agenda for Children. http://www.childrennow.org/uploads/documents/reportcard_2011.pdf [Link no longer valid] (accessed December 4, 2012).

The Conference Board, Partnership for 21st Century Skills, Corporate Voices for Working Families, and the Society for Human Resource Management. 2006. Are They Really Ready to Work? Employers’ Perspectives on the Basic Knowledge and Applied Skills of New Entrants to the 21st Century U.S. Workforce. http://www.shrm.org/research/surveyfindings/documents/are they really ready to work survey report.pdf (accessed December 4, 2012).

60

http://www.act.org/research/policymakers/pdf/FirstLook.pdf

http://www.edsynergy.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/PREPARING-STUDENTS- FOR-THE-21ST-CENTURY-ECONOMY-3.doc

http://www.aacu.org/advocacy/leap/documents/GlobalCentury_final.pdf

http://www.aacu.org/leap/documents/Re8097abcombined.pdf

http://www.bio-rad.com/

http://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/ct/sf/documents/ctestandards.pdf

http://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/ct/sf/documents/cteframework.pdf

http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/contentpub/GreenDigest/CA-Green-Economy-SummarySurveyResults.pdf

http://www.shrm.org/research/surveyfindings/documents/are they really ready to work survey report.pdf


Conley, David T. 2010. College and Career Ready: Helping All Students Succeed Beyond High School. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Conley, David T., Kathryn V. Drummond, Alicia de Gonzalez, Jennifer Rooseboom, and Odile Stout. 2011. Reaching the Goal: The Applicability and Importance of the Common Core State Standards to College and Career Readiness. Eugene, OR: Educational Policy Improvement Center. http://www.epiconline.org/publications/documents/ReachingtheGoal-FullReport.pdf (accessed December 4, 2012).

Darling-Hammond, Linda, Ruth Chung Wei, Alethea Andree, Nikole Richardson, and Stelios Orphanos. 2009. Professional Learning in the Learning Profession: A Status Report on Teacher Development in the United States and Abroad. Palo Alto, CA: National Staff Development Council and the School Redesign Network at Stanford University. http://learningforward.org/docs/pdf/nsdcstudy2009.pdf (accessed December 4, 2012).

Daugherty, Ellyn. 2012. Biotechnology: Science for the New Millennium. St. Paul, MN: EMC Publishing.

Gawande, Atul. 2010. The Checklist Manifesto: How to Get Things Right. New York: Metropolitan Books.

Geboers, H., W. van den Bosch, H. van den Hoogen, H. Mokkink, P. van Montfort, and H. Oltheten. 1999. “A Model for Continuous Quality Improvement in Small Scale Practices.” Quality in Health Care 8 (1999): 43–48.

Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics. 2012. The Condition of Education. http://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/ (accessed December 4, 2012).

International Center for Leadership in Education. 2012. “Rigor/Relevance Framework.” Rexford, NY. http://www.leadered.com/rrr.html [Link no longer valid] (accessed December 4, 2012).

Intersegmental Committee of the Academic Senates (ICAS) of the California Community Colleges. 2002. Academic Literacy: A Statement of Competencies Expected of Students Entering California’s Public Colleges and Universities. http://asccc.org/sites/default/files/AcademicLiteracy.pdf (accessed December 4, 2012).

Kober, Nancy, and Diane Stark Rentner. 2011. States’ Progress and Challenges in Implementing Common Core State Standards. Washington, DC: Center on Education Policy. http://www.cep-dc.org/displayDocument.cfm?DocumentID=343 (accessed December 4, 2012).

Langley, G. J., R. Moen, K. M. Nolan, C. L. Norman, and L. P. Provost. 2009. The Improvement Guide: A Practical Approach to Enhancing Organizational Performance. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Marzano, Robert J., and John S. Kendall. 2007. The New Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press. http://www.marzanoresearch.com/site/default.aspx [Link no longer valid] (accessed December 4, 2012).

MetLife, Inc. 2011. The MetLife Survey of the American Teacher: Preparing Students for College and Careers. https://www.metlife.com/assets/cao/contributions/foundation/american-teacher/MetLife_Teacher_Survey_2010.pdf (accessed December 6, 2012).

61

http://www.epiconline.org/publications/documents/ReachingtheGoal-FullReport.pdf

http://learningforward.org/docs/pdf/nsdcstudy2009.pdf

http://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/

http://asccc.org/sites/default/files/AcademicLiteracy.pdf

http://www.cep-dc.org/displayDocument.cfm?DocumentID=343

https://www.metlife.com/assets/cao/contributions/foundation/american-teacher/MetLife_Teacher_Survey_2010.pdf


Musgrove, P., A. Creese, A. Preker, C. Baeza, A. Anell, and T. Prentice. 2000. The World Health Report 2000—Health Systems: Improving Performance. http://www.who.int/whr/2000/en/ (accessed January 2, 2013).

National Association of State Directors of Career Technical Education Consortium (NASDCTEc). 2011. “CTE and College and Career Ready Standards: Preparing Students for Further Education and Careers.” Silver Spring, MD. http://www.careertech.org/ (accessed December 4, 2012).

. 2012. “Introduction to the Common Career Technical Core.”

National Center for Education Statistics. 2008. Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study 2007. http://nces.ed.gov/timss/index.asp (accessed December 4, 2012).

National Governors Association, Council of Chief State School Officers, and Achieve, Inc. 2008. Benchmarking for Success: Ensuring U.S. Students Receive a World-Class Education. Washington, DC: National Governors Association. http://www.nga.org/files/live/sites/NGA/files/pdf/0812BENCHMARKING.PDF (accessed December 4, 2012).

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). 2011. Strong Performers and Successful Reformers in Education: Lessons from PISA for the United States. Paris, France. http://www.oecd.org/pisa/46623978.pdf (accessed December 4, 2012).

Owen Wilson, Leslie. 2006. “Dr. Leslie Owen Wilson’s Curriculum Pages: Beyond Bloom—A New Version of the Cognitive Taxonomy.” Stevens Point, WI: University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point. http://www4.uwsp.edu/education/lwilson/curric/newtaxonomy.htm (accessed December 4, 2012).

Public Broadcasting Service (PBS). 2012. PBS TeacherLine: Professional development for PreK–12 educators. http://www.pbs.org/teacherline (accessed December 4, 2012).

Reid, T. R. 2010. The Healing of America: A Global Quest for Better, Cheaper, and Fairer Health Care. New York: Penguin Books.

United States Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration. 2009. “Secretary’s Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills.” http://wdr.doleta.gov/SCANS/ (accessed December 4, 2012).

WestEd, the California Department of Education, and the California Community Colleges Chancellor’s Office. 2008. 2008–2012 California State Plan for Career Technical Education. http://www.schoolsmovingup.net/cte/downloads/cteplan_122808.pdf (accessed December 5, 2012).

World Health Organization. 2006. Working Together for Health: The World Health Report 2006. http://www.who.int/en/ (accessed December 21, 2012).

62 Published January 2017

http://www.who.int/whr/2000/en/

http://www.careertech.org/

http://nces.ed.gov/timss/index.asp

http://www.nga.org/files/live/sites/NGA/files/pdf/0812BENCHMARKING.PDF

http://www.oecd.org/pisa/46623978.pdf

http://www4.uwsp.edu/education/lwilson/curric/newtaxonomy.htm

http://www.pbs.org/teacherline

http://wdr.doleta.gov/SCANS/

http://www.schoolsmovingup.net/cte/downloads/cteplan_122808.pdf

http://www.who.int/en/

california career technical education model … · california career technical education model...

Documents