Canadian Participation in FIRE III/SHEBA

by

George Isaac

Cloud Physics Research Division

Meteorological Service of Canada

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Isaac, G.A., and R.A. Stuart, 1996: Relationships between cloud type and amount, precipitation and surface temperature in the Mackenzie River valley - Beaufort Sea area. J. of Climate, 9, 1921-1941.

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SHEBA Site

FIRE.ACEFIRE.ACE: First ISCCP (International Satellite Cloud Climatology

Project) Regional Experiment Arctic Cloud Experiment

- To study the impact of Arctic Clouds on our climate using data collected during a field project (April to September 98) in the vicinity of the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) ice breaker located in the Beaufort Sea (October 97 to October 98).

Inuvik

Barrow

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SHEBA(Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean)

- To develop, test and implement models of Arctic air-sea-ice processes to improve climate simulations through data collected on the C.C.G.S Des Groseilliers frozen into the Beaufort Sea from Oct. 97 to Oct. 98

NRC Convair-580 and FIRE.ACE Team

FIRE.ACE Canadian Convair 580 Aircraft Flight LogDate Flight # Origin Destination Takeoff

Time(GMT)

LandingTime

(GMT)

FlightDuration

Comments

4/8 1 Inuvik Beaufort Sea 1945 2202 2.5 Clouds over leads.4/9 2 Inuvik Beaufort Sea 2003 2254 3 Clouds over leads/broken ice

4/12 3 Inuvik Beaufort Sea 1921 2244 3.5 Aerosol/clouds4/14 4 Inuvik Beaufort Sea 1827 2215 4 Aerosols/clouds4/15 5 Inuvik Beaufort Sea 1925 2327 4.2 Ice clouds over leads/aerosols4/16 6 Inuvik Barrow 1602 1906 3.3 Clouds/aerosols4/16 7 Barrow Ship 2050 0055 4.3 Clouds (water/ice)/aerosol4/17 8 Barrow Ship 1845 2256 4.4 Cloud/radiation work4/18 9 Barrow Inuvik 0041 0352 3.4 Aerosol/lidar4/21 10 Inuvik Barrow 1628 1933 3.4 Cloud/aerosol4/21 11 Barrow Ship 2137 0150 4.4 Liquid/ice cloud4/22 12 Barrow Inuvik 2041 0035 4.2 Aerosol/ice cloud4/24 13 Inuvik Beaufort Sea 1916 2253 3.8 Aerosol/cloud/flux/landsat4/25 14 Inuvik Beafort Sea 1941 0008 4.7 Clouds/aerosols(haze)/fluxes4/27 15 Inuvik Beaufort Sea 1908 2325 4.6 Haze/aerosols/ice crystals4/28 16 Inuvik Barrow 1616 2020 4.3 Transit fly4/28 17 Barrow Ship 2222 0236 4.5 Ice crystals/radar/lidar4/29 18 Barrow Inuvik 1914 2324 4.4 Ice crystals/cloud/fluxes

SHEBA FlightsDate Flight # Origin Destination Takeoff

Time(GMT)

LandingTime

(GMT)

FlightDuration

Comments

4/16 7 Barrow Ship 2050 0055 4.3 Clouds (water/ice)/aerosol4/17 8 Barrow Ship 1845 2256 4.4 Cloud/radiation work4/21 11 Barrow Ship 2137 0150 4.4 Liquid/ice cloud4/28 17 Barrow Ship 2222 0236 4.5 Ice crystals/radar/lidar

1) Gultepe, I., G. Isaac, I. MacPherson, D. Marcotte, and K. Strawbridge, 2003: Characteristics of moisture and heat fluxes over leads and polynyas, and their effect on Arctic clouds during FIRE.ACE . Atmosphere Ocean, in press.

2) Gultepe, I., G. A. Isaac, J. Key, J. Intrieri, D. O’C Starr, and K. B. Strawbridge, 2003: Dynamical and microphysical characteristics of the Arctic clouds using integrated observations collected over SHEBA during the April 1998 FIRE.ACE flights of the Canadian Convair. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, accepted.

3) Khvorostyanov, V.I., J. A. Curry, I. Gultepe, and K. Strawbridge, 2003: A springtime cloud cover the Beaufort Sea polynya: 3D simulation with explicit microphysics and comparison with observations. J. Geophy. Res., Accepted

4) Korolev, A.V. and G.A. Isaac, 2003: Roundness and aspect ratio of particles in ice clouds. Submitted to J. Atmos. Sci.

5) Korolev, A.V., G.A. Isaac, S.G. Cober, J.W. Strapp and J. Hallett, 2003: Microphsyical characterization of mixed phase clouds. Q.J.R.M.S., 129, 39-65.

6) Korolev, A.V. and G.A. Isaac, 2003: Phase transformation of mixed phase clouds. Q.J.R.M.S., 129, 19-38.

7) Gultepe, I., G. A. Isaac, and S. G. Cober, 2002: Cloud liquid water content versus temperature relationships for three Canadian field projects. Annales Geophysicae, 20, 1891-1898.

8) Boudala, F.S., G.A. Isaac, Q. Fu. and S. G. Cober, 2002: Parameterization of ice particles sizes for high latitude ice clouds. International. J. Climatology, 22, 1267-1284.

9) Gultepe, I., and G.A. Isaac, 2002: The effects of airmass origin on Arctic cloud microphysical parameters for April 1998 during FIRE.ACE. Accepted to J. Geophy. Res,. 107,

FIRE.ACE Journal Papers

10) Mailhot, J., A. Tremblay, S. Bélair, I. Gultepe, and G. A. Isaac, 2002: Mesoscale simulation of surface fluxes and boundary layer clouds associated with a Beaufort Sea polynya. Accepted to J.Geophy. Res.

11) Korolev, A.V., G.A. Isaac, I.P Mazin and H. Barker, 2001: Microphysical properties of continental stratiform clouds. Q.J.R.M.S., 127, 2117-2151.

12) Gultepe, I., G. A. Isaac, and S. G. Cober, 2001: Ice crystal number concentration versus temperature. International J. of Climatology, 21, 1281-1302.

13) Lohmann, U., J. Humble, W.R. Leaitch, G.A. Isaac, and I. Gultepe, 2001: Simulation of ice clouds during FIRE.ACE using the CCCMA single column model. J.Geophy. Res., 106, 15,123-15,138.

14) Curry, J.A., P.V. Hobbs, M.D. King, D.A. Randall, P. Minnis, G.A. Isaac, J.O. Pinto, T. Uttal, A. Bucholtz, D.G. Cripe, H. Gerber, C.W. Fairall, T.J. Garrett, J. Hudson, J.M. Intrieri, C. Jakob, T. Jensen, P. Lawson, D. Marcotte, L. Nguyen, P. Pilewskie, A. Rangno, D. Rogers, K.B. Strawbridge, F.P.J. Valero, A.G. Williams, and D. Wylie, 2000: FIRE Arctic Clouds Experiment. Bulletin of American Meteorological Society, 81, 5-29.

15) Korolev, A., G.A. Isaac, and J. Hallett, 2000: Ice particle habits in stratiform clouds. Q.J.R.M.S., 126, 2873-2902.

16) Gultepe, I., G.A. Isaac, D. Hudak, R. Nissen, and J.W. Strapp, 2000: Dynamical and microphysical characteristics of Arctic clouds during BASE. J. of Climate, 13, 1225-1254.

17) Korolev, A.V., G.A. Isaac, and J. Hallett, 1999: Ice particle habits in Arctic clouds. Geophys. Res. Let., 26, 1299-1302.

 

FIRE.ACE Journal Papers

Aerosol Chemical Composition in the Arctic during FIRE-ACE

Inorganic components vs. carbon in aerosols

Inorganic Ions77%

Carbon23%

Cl-13%

NO2-1%

Br-0%

NO3-20%

SO4=34%

C2O4=2%

Na+5%

NH4+12%

Ca++11%K+

1%

Mg++1%

Aerosol Total Carbon Breakdown

Total Water Insoluble Carbon

43%

Water Soluble Organic Carbon

40%

Total PAH0%

Total Alkanes2%

Short Chain Carboxylates

2%Long Chain

Carboxylic Acids13%

Korolev, A.V., G.A. Isaac, and J. Hallett, 1999: Ice particle habits in Arctic clouds. Geophys. Res. Let., 26, 1299-1302.

R = 4Smeas/ D2max

CFDE III

FIRE.ACE

AIRS I

Korolev, A.V. and G.A. Isaac, 2003: Roundness and aspect ratio of particles in ice clouds. Submitted to J. Atmos. Sci.

l-1

Gultepe, I., G. A. Isaac, and S. G. Cober, 2001: Ice crystal number concentration versus temperature. International J. of Climate, 21, 1281-1302.

Korolev, A.V., G.A. Isaac, S.G. Cober, J.W. Strapp and J. Hallett, 2003: Microphsyical characterization of mixed phase clouds. QJRMS, 129, 39-65.

Gultepe, I., and G.A. Isaac, 1997: Relationship between liquid water content and temperature based on aircraft observations and its applicability to GCMs. J. Climate, 10, 446-452 Plus FIRE.ACE (red), AIRS (blue)and RACE (green) data.

FIRE.ACE

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RACE

Geographical variation of parameterized Dge

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The original CCCMa SCM is compared with a new parameterization. The observations were made over the SHEBA column. Julian day starts from the

date that measurements were started in period 97-98.

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The original CCCMa SCM is compared with a new parameterization. The observations were made over the SHEBA column. Julian day starts from the

date that measurements were started in period 97-98.    

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Anomaly analysis of IR flux at the top of the atmosphere for summer (JJA), fall (SON), and winter (DJF). Dge represents effective ice crystal size without small particle and

Dge+s with small particles. The IR flux is considered positive in the upward direction. (Dge - Dge+s) represents a difference in IR flux at the top of the atmosphere

   

Maximum near the Tropics Moves southward in NH Winter The anomaly is mostly positive Positive anomaly >Atm. Is optically thick

Comparison to Icing EnvelopesCFDE I, CFDE III, AIRS, FIRE.ACE (97 Flights)

Conclusions

• FIRE.ACE data are now in NASA Langley Archive.

• FIRE.ACE data are being analyzed by themselves and in combination with other projects.

• Modeling studies have been conducted using either single column models, weather forecasting or mesoscale models, and global climate models.

• MSC has produced approximately 17 journal papers and many conference papers.

• Other groups are now actively using the data.

Questions?