car/sam regional guidance material on air traffic services quality assurance programmes
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CAR/SAM Regional Guidance Material on Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Programmes. NAM/CAR/SAM Quality Assurance Workshop Gustavo De León Regional Officer, Air Traffic Management and Search and Rescue ICAO NACC Regional Office. NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
CAR/SAM Regional Guidance Material on Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance
Programmes
NAM/CAR/SAM Quality Assurance Workshop
Gustavo De LeónRegional Officer, Air Traffic Management
and Search and RescueICAO NACC Regional Office
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION
NORTH AMERICAN, CENTRAL AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN OFFICE
CAR/SAM REGIONAL GUIDANCE MATERIAL ON
AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES
QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMMES
Chapters 9 – 11
Version 1.0
November 2001
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Contents
Chapter 9.Proficiency Training Programmes
Chapter 10. ATS Safety Management
Chapter 11. Human Factors
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 9. Proficiency Training Programmes
Introduction• Proficiency training is necessary to maintain
and update the knowledge and skills necessary to apply air traffic control procedures in a safe an efficient manner
• Proficiency training includes: Refresher training Supplemental training Skill enhancement Remedial training
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 9. Proficiency Training Programmes
• May be accomplished in many different ways External Internal (local/in-house-in proficiency training)
• Most practical and efficient• Train staff as instructors (may involve external training)• After returning from training they would train others to
become instructors (train-the-trainer) Proficiency training may include:
• Training videos - Separation minima• Discussions/briefings - ATS incidents• Operational procedures - Contingency procedures• Emergency procedures - Effects of volcanic
ash to• Coordination procedures aviation
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 9. Proficiency Training Programmes
Proficiency training• Is required for:
All ATS operational personnel (supervisors and controllers) Support personnel who maintain operational currency
• Purpose Maintain and upgrade knowledge and skills necessary to
apply air traffic control procedures in safe and efficient manner
• Training needs will vary between different ATS units• Describe proficiency training programme in ATS unit directive• Annual schedule of proficiency training requirements• Document training provided in controller’s training record
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 9. Proficiency Training Programmes
Types of proficiency training• Refresher training
Recurring training conducted to maintain and update previously learned knowledge and skills
• Supplemental training Training administered to ATS operational personnel prior to implementation of new/revised procedures, regulations, equipment
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 9. Proficiency Training Programmes
Types of proficiency training (cont.)• Skill enhancement training
Training assigned, normally by the supervisor, when it is determined that a need exists to increase the skill(s) of a controller in a position on which he/she is certified
• Remedial training Training assigned to correct specific performance deficiencies
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 9. Proficiency Training Programmes
Unusual situations Infrequently used procedures Safety alerts/traffic advisories Wake turbulence Line up and wait procedures Deicing procedures Bird activity information Strayed or unidentified aircraft
orientation Interception of civil aircraft Meteorology procedures for ATC Radar backup systems ATS contingency plan procedures Effects of volcanic ash to aviation Coordination procedures Civil/military coordination/joint
use airspace Separation minima
Radar vectoring techniques Speed control techniques Situational awareness ATS incident reduction Aircraft performance and
characteristics ATC communications Prevention of runway incursions Special VFR operations Level assignment Local manual of operations Letters of agreement Arrival/departure procedures Weather Noise abatement ATS unit file/life safety
procedures
Refresher training topics
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 10. ATS Safety Management
“This material is extracted from Amendment No. 40 to Annex 11 and Amendment No. 4 to PANS-ATM Doc. 4444, both
applicable on 1 November 2001”
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 10. ATS Safety Management
Introduction• States implement systematic and appropriate ATS safety
management programmes to ensure that safety is maintained in the provision of ATS within airspaces and at aerodromes by 27 November 2003
• ATS safety management programmes Provide for regular monitoring and assessment of
safety level achieved Identify potential hazards and determine the need for
remedial action Ensure that remedial action necessary to maintain an
acceptable level of safety is implemented
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 10. ATS Safety Management
Objectives of ATS safety and capacity management• Ensure established ATS level of safety is met
within an airspace or aerodrome• Safety-related enhancements are implemented• ATS capacities conforming to actual needs – as
far as practicable and subject to safety considerations
• Facilitate efficiency and economy in aircraft operations through use of flexible airspace
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 10. ATS Safety Management
ATS safety management activities• Monitoring overall safety levels and detection of any
adverse trend• Safety reviews of ATS units• Safety assessments
Airspace re-organizations New or changed ATS procedures
• Establish need for safety enhancing measures• Review ATS capacities
Traffic demands, balancing capacity and traffic demands
• Flexible use of airspace Gain capacity and efficiency
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 10. ATS Safety Management
Monitoring of safety levels• Periodically collect and review safety related
data to evaluate level of safety achieved in ATS and to detect any adverse trends
Safety reviews• Conduct safety reviews of ATS units on a
regular basis• Safety review topics include:
Regulatory issues Operational and technical issues Licensing and training issues
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 10. ATS Safety Management
Safety Assessments• Need for safety assessments• Acceptable level of safety• Safety-significant factors
Need for safety-enhancing measures Reviews of airspace and ATC capacity Capacity assessments Regulation of ATC capacity and traffic volumes Enhancements to ATC capacity Flexible use of airspace
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 11. Human Factors
ICAO Assembly adopted Resolution A26-9 in 1986 on Flight Safety and Human Factors
Incorporation of Human Factors related SARPs in several ICAO Annexes and documents:• PANS-OPS, Doc. 8400, PANS-ATM, Doc. 4444,
Annex 10 and 11• Human Factors Guidelines for Air Traffic
Management Systems Manual, Doc. 9758
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 11. Human Factors (cont’d)
Human Factors knowledge in ATS systems and practices plays an important role in air traffic quality assurance
Important concepts in the development acquisition and implementation of ATM systems:• Human centered automation• Situation awareness• Error management
Findings of Human Factors research projects useful to Air Traffic Controllers:• Extracts from “Human Factors to Air Traffic Control
Specialists: A User’s Manual for your Brain” FAA – November 1995
NAM/CAR/SAM Air Traffic Services Quality Assurance Workshop
(Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 26 to 30 November 2001)
Chapter 11. Human Factors (cont’d)
Information useful to air traffic control personnel• Controller/pilot voice communications• Memory• Fatigue• Effects of stress on information processing• Techniques
Help reduce probability of voice communications errors
Remembering specific information Identifying stress that could affect performance
Reduce fatigue
THANK YOUTHE END