Carte De’Europe, 1870

Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871)Dispute with France over the throne of Spain

Bismark manufactures a war!

French declaration of war, July 15, 1870Battle of Sedan, September 2, 1870 (Nappy Captured)Siege of Paris (4mos), capitulates January 28, 1871

Followed by Paris Commune, Mar.-May

Germany gains Alsace & LorraineSource of future resentment -- WWI!

Southern German states join Northern German ConfederationWilliam I proclaimed Kaiser, January 8, 1871, of the Second German Empire

Coronation in Hall of Mirrors, Versailles!

Napoleon & Bismarck after SedanBrandendburg Gate, Berlin after Sedan:

“What a Change through God’s Guidance”

Discussing

the War

in a Paris

Café,

Illustrated

London

News,

Sept 1871

Proclamation of German Empire (Reich)

Hall of Mirrors, Versailles, January 1871

Paris Commune, 18 Mar - 28 May, 1871Causes: 1) Disaster of War; 2) Worker Discontent dating to 1830’sPrussian Siege = shortages among poor

Citizens’ militia = “Nat’l Guard” defend city & supply shock troops of Commune

Armistice 28 Jan, 1871Prov. Gov’t orders cannon siezed from Guard 18 March

Soldiers join Nat’l Guard, execute 2 generals!Prov. Gov’t evacuates to VersaillesElection of “Communal Council” 26 May -- diverse groupPolicies: Separation Church/State; Women’s Suffrage; Labor Laws & Econ. Equalization; Free SchoolsRadical Feminism!

Paris Commune, cont…

Beginnings of Skirmishing w/ Versailles Army early April concern w/ Defense outside help: Gov’t seals Paris, news outPrussia releases POW’s to help Prov. Gov’t repress Commune

21 May -- Paris defenses breached : La Semaine Sanglante (The Bloody Week

Commune: decentralized, fought by district -- working class neighborhoods fought fiercestVersaillese: central command, numerical supremacy

Last pockets fall 28 MayReprisal executions -- 10,000-50,000 dead!Père Lachaise Cemetary & “Communards’ WallMarial Law in Paris 5 years

Paris Commune as model, inspiration for Communists, Socialists, Anarchists

Marx: Commune should have moved more swiftly and harshly

Justice

of the

People

Our

Goodfathers

“Priests

And

Nuns”

Paris after the Siege

BarricadesColumn at Plâce de Vendôme -- Bye Bye Nappy!

Execution of Communards in

Père Lachaise Cemetary

Map 22. 3: The Unification of Germany

Map 22.4: Europe in 1871