case western: water and sanitation in emergency settings
DESCRIPTION
A presentation by Ben Mann for the 2014 Case Western "Management of Humanitarian Emergencies" CourseTRANSCRIPT
Water and Sanitation in Emergency Settings
Why Infrastructure Matters &
Behavior Change Is Critical
Supply DemandDemandSupply
Quantity Quality
Accessibility Reliability
Groundwater Wells
Rainwater Harvesting
Surface Water
Water Disinfection• Boiling
– It works well in dirty or clean water– Logistics at large scale very difficult
• Iodine– 2 drops in 1 quart of water– Not good in cloudy / muddy water
• Filters– Marvelous on day one, but then …
• Chlorination– Easy, mass disinfection– Ineffective against cysts, worm ova
Breakpoint Chlorination
Collection Storage Local Treatment Conveyance Centralized
Treatment Disposal
Collection Storage Local Treatment Conveyance Centralized
Treatment Disposal
1. Pump out sludge 2. Filter out solids materials 3. Filter the liquid
Solid Waste
• CollectionIn home, Lead to transport
• TransportationHow and who away from home
• Ultimate DisposalSanitary landfill
Hospital Waste
• Solid WasteCollection, Isolation, Transportation, Disposal
• Liquid WasteWash water; Toilets
• Ultimate Disposal
Drainage
• Stagnation is BadInsect breeding, Septic biology
• Internal to CommunityWash water, Food prep water, flooding
• Central System
Other Concerns
• Vectors– Insects: mosquitos, flies, fleas– Pests: dogs, cats, rats
• Environmental management• Fire Protection• Education Programs• Body Disposal
