catalyst – august 27-4, 2011 hw out please! daneel is a college chemistry student. his professor...
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Catalyst – January 3(6), 2012WAY BACK WEDNESDAY!!!
1. Which is more specific: a genus or a species?
2. Fill in the blanks using the following words: GENES, ENERGY, EVOLUTION, CELLS. You can just write the correct word.
A. ____________ are the basic unit of life B. New species and inherited traits are the
product of __________________C. __________________ are the basic unit of
heredity D. Living organisms consume and transform
_____________________
Catalyst – January 3(6), 2012WAY BACK WEDNESDAY!!!
1. Which is more specific: a genus or a species?
2. Fill in the blanks using the following words: GENES, ENERGY, EVOLUTION, CELLS. You can just write the correct word.
A. __________________ are the basic unit of life B. New species and inherited traits are the
product of __________________C. __________________ are the basic unit of
heredity D. Living organisms consume and transform
_____________________
CELLS
EVOLUTIONGENES
ENERGY
Today’s Agenda
Catalyst Review Scientific Method Variables Notes and Practice Time
I-N-D-E-P-E-N-D-E-N-T! DEPENDENT CONSTANTS
Exit QuestionHW: IV, DV, Constants Worksheet
Today’s AgendaMs. Stroh is leaving early!
Catalyst Review Scientific Method Variables Notes
I-N-D-E-P-E-N-D-E-N-T! DEPENDENT CONSTANTS
SUB WORK (2nd Half of Class) Complete both worksheets; leave in
folder
Front DoorProjector5th Period
Group 3
Amber, Blake, Brannesha, Myra
Group 2
Sharika, Roxy, Aerial, Angel
Group 1
Chalsey, Titus, Antoineka
Group 6
Ovile, Kevin, Molly, Champagne
Group 4
Keiara, Boris, Nasheema, Myjiel (lab table)
Group 9
Larriane, Myderika, Jerome
Group 8
Jesus, LaNell, Taylor, Erica
Group 7
Katherine, Antione, Jornell
Group 5
Alesia, Ashley, Torien, Chyna
FYI (For Your Information)
Quiz 1.1 has been pushed back to Tuesday, 1/24
Unit 1 Test has been pushed back to Tuesday, 1/31
Summary of Yesterday
An experimental question must be specific and testable
A hypothesis must be a statement that answers the question and gives a supporting reason
An experiment is the method to test the hypothesis and see if it was correct or incorrect
Yesterday’s Exit Question
You observe that students in Ms. Stroh’s class get
higher grades on their tests than the students in
Ms. Blair’s class.
1. Write a question about this situation?
2. Write a testable hypothesis to answer your question.
Piggies!
1. Specific problem?2. Info needed?3. Hypothesis?
Last Night’s Homework
1. Overall purpose of the article?2. Hypothesis to explain why
squirrels hibernate3. Hypothesis to explain why
squirrels callNew Info: check out the
handout
Today’s Objectives
SWBAT identify and distinguish between independent variables, dependent variables, and constants in a scientific experiment.
NOTES: VARIABLES
Experimentation
Key Point #1: A proper experiment always has an independent variable and dependent variable. The purpose of an experiment is to test
how changing ONE THING affects something else
Variable: a quantity or condition that can have more than one value; variable means change!
Variables
Independent Variable: variable that you change during an experiment; causes the change you are measuring; aka manipulated variable (acts independently)
Dependent Variable: variable that is observed; changes in response to change in IV; aka responding variable (depends on other things)
Variables Continued
Remember!!!! Variables are always CATEGORIES of
things: time, amount, frequency, size, type
Variables are NEVER specific things
Demo
http://www.unitedstreaming.com/videos/dsc/externalApplications/virtual_labs-es/Plants/index.html
Teacher Models
Scientists have discovered something shocking: if you eat a lot of hamburgers, then you will gain fat. What is the independent variable?A. Eat a lot of hamburgersB. Type of hamburger you eat (McDonald’s,
Wendy’s, Burger King, etc.)C. Amount of hamburgers you eatD. How much weight you gain
Teacher Models
Well-rested students learn more in school. So, Ms. Stroh believes that starting school later would increase test scores. What is the dependent variable?A. Starting school laterB. Well-rested studentsC. Time that school startsD. Test scores
NEW PROCEDURE!
WHITEBOARDS!
Whiteboard Practice
When Ms. Stroh says “GO!” Send one member of your group
to get whiteboards, erasers, and markers for everyone (back lab bench)
Hurry! Remember, we want to stay under 3 minutes of transition time!
Whiteboards 1
Ms. Stroh believes that the more you study, the better grades you’ll earn. What is the independent variable?A. Studying moreB. Amount of time you studyC. Grade earnedD. Type of test
Whiteboards 2
Shanel is always cold in class. She hypothesizes that if she wears many layers of clothing to school, then she will be warmer. What is the dependent variable?A. Number of layers Shanel wearsB. How warm Shanel isC. Temperature of the roomD. Shanel will be warmer
Whiteboards 3
Ms. Stroh’s students want to test how easily bought off she is. Students who give her an apple get a “C.” Students who give her candy get an “A.” What is the independent variable?A. Type of food given to Ms. StrohB. Apples and candyC. “A” on the report cardD. Report card
Whiteboards 4
Tashica hates cooking, but loves listening to music. She believes that if she listens to music while cooking, then she will cook more often. What is the dependent variable?A. She will cook more oftenB. Listens to music while cookingC. Frequency that Tashica cooksD. What Tashica listens to
If you’re having trouble…
4 minutes 26 mg of baking
soda Lifting weights
every day Medium t-shirts Bullfrog 16 candles Never gets sick
Time to get dressed Amount of baking
soda Frequency of lifting
weights Size of t-shirts Type of frog Number of candles Degree of health
WRONG RIGHT
Review
Ms. Stroh believes that the more you study, the better grades you’ll earn. What is the independent variable?A. Studying moreB. Amount of time you studyC. Grade earnedD. Type of test
Review
Shanel is always cold in class. She hypothesizes that if she wears many layers of clothing to school, then she will be warmer. What is the dependent variable?A. Number of layers Shanel wearsB. How warm Shanel isC. Temperature of the roomD. Shanel will be warmer
Review
Ms. Stroh’s students want to test how easily bought off she is. Students who give her an apple get a “C.” Students who give her candy get an “A.” What is the independent variable?A. Type of food given to Ms. StrohB. Apples and candyC. “A” on the report cardD. Report card
Review
Tashica hates cooking, but loves listening to music. She believes that if she listens to music while cooking, then she will cook more often. What is the dependent variable?A. She will cook more oftenB. Listens to music while cookingC. Frequency that Tashica cooksD. What Tashica listens to
Guided Practice Worksheet
10 minutes to complete3 minutes to compare answers
KEEP THIS to help you with homework tonight
Constants
Key Point #2: Everything but the independent and dependent variable must be kept constant. Constants: other experimental factors (potential variables) that stay the same throughout experiment
If many different things change at once, we don’t know what causes the change!
Example
Let’s say we want to design an experiment to determine what causes the Hornets to win games.
Number of games that
Hornets win
Try this one! Answer in notes… Travie McCoy hypothesizes that if he
write more songs about being rich, then he will sell more CDs because his listeners also want to be rich. What is the IV? What is the DV? What are the constants?
Remember, variables are CATEGORIES.
If Travie write more songs about being rich, then he will sell more CDs because his listeners also want to be rich.
IV Number of songs about being rich How often Travie sings about being rich Amount of times Travie sings about money
DV Number of CDs Travie sells How many CDs Travie sells
Constant Amount of money CDs cost Number of tracks on each CD How good each CD is
Practice
You want to know when in the year there are the most love bugs. Every night, you record how many love bugs you find outside.
IV =
DV =
Constant =
Time of year (season/month)
Amount of fireflies
Practice
Maria needs to run a 6 minute mile to pass PE. She believes that if she runs every day, then she will be able to run faster.
IV =
DV =
Constant =
Frequency that Maria runs
Mile time
Practice
Students of different genders were given the same puzzle to assemble. The puzzle assembly time was measured.
IV =
DV =
Constant =
Type of gender
Time to assemble puzzle
If there are more students, then there
will be more school bus drivers.
IV =
DV =
Constant =
Amount of students
Number of school bus drivers
If the amount of sugar used on beignets decreases, then less beignets will be sold.
What depends on what?
IV =
DV =
Constant =
Amount of sugar usedNumber of beignets sold
IV = Number of games won
DV = Number of players attracted
Constant =
If the Saints win more games, then they will attract more big name players.
Conclusion
A proper experiment always has an independent variable and dependent variable. Everything but the independent and dependent variable must be kept constant. Independent Variable: manipulated variable Dependent variable: responding variable Constants: factors kept the same throughout
experiment
Exit Question
Let’s say you want to figure out what drink will make you taller: milk, Gatorade, or water. You drink each for a month and record your height at the end of each month.
1. What is the independent variable?2. What is the dependent variable?3. What are at least two factors that
should be held constant?HW: IV, DV, Constants Worksheet