cea clean coal technology

7/27/2019 CEA Clean Coal Technology

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India-EU Working Group on

Delhi- 21 Jan 2008

CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOIN INDIA

Central Electricity Authority

New Delhi


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OverviewOverview

Indian Power Sector ProfileIndian Power Sector Profileoo Installed Capacity MixInstalled Capacity Mix

oo Capacity Addition PlansCapacity Addition Plans

oo Coal consumptionCoal consumption

Improving EfficiencyImproving Efficiencyoo Higher size unitsHigher size units

oo Supercritical technologySupercritical technology

oo Efficiency improvement in existing staEfficiency improvement in existing sta

New Technology OptionsNew Technology Options


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Indian Power SectoIndian Power Sector

Installed Generation Capacity ~140 GInstalled Generation Capacity ~140 G

Electricity GenerationElectricity Generation-- 660660 TwhTwh (2006(2006--00

Per Capita ConsumptionPer Capita Consumption--665 Kwh/ Y665 Kwh/ Y

Shortages (Energy ~ 8.5%, Peak ~ 15Shortages (Energy ~ 8.5%, Peak ~ 15 Rapidly ExpandingRapidly Expanding

Emphasis on EfficiencyEmphasis on Efficiency

Increasing private sector participationIncreasing private sector participation Structural reformsStructural reforms


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Installed Capacity (As on 31s

Thermal

90646 MW (6

Hydro34681 MW (25%)

Nuclear

4120 MW (3%)

Renewables

10855 MW (8%)

OOi

GG

CoCo

Total : 140302 MW


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14043

8206 81397259

4997

14

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

U.S.A

Japan

Fran

ce

Germ

any

S.Africa Ch

ina

Per Capita Electricity Consumption (Per Capita Electricity Consumption (

India: 665 (2006India: 665 (2006--07)07)


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CAPACITY ADDITION 11CAPACITY ADDITION 11thth PLAPLAN

78,577 MW78,577 MW

THERMAL,

58,644, 75%

NUCLEAR,

3,380, 4%

Coal 5 4 3 5 5 MW ( 6 9 % )


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CAPACITY ADDITION 12CAPACITY ADDITION 12thth PLAPLA

TentativeTentative 82,200 MW82,200 MW

Hydro

30,000, 3

Nuclear,

12,000, 15%

Thermal,

40,200, 49%


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Coal consumptionCoal consumption

Proven coal reserve of about 96 billion tons

Present coal consumption: 303Present coal consumption: 303 MnMn Tons p.Tons p.

Run of mine: 260 MTRun of mine: 260 MT

Washed coal: 033 MTWashed coal: 033 MT

Imported : 010 MTImported : 010 MT

Projected coal consumption in year 2012Projected coal consumption in year 2012

MTMT

Coal mining capacity being augmented by aCoal mining capacity being augmented by a

captive coal blocks to private / public sectocaptive coal blocks to private / public secto Gap to be covered by imported coalGap to be covered by imported coal


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Indian Coal QualityIndian Coal Quality

Indian coal has high ash content, is sloIndian coal has high ash content, is slohighly abrasive with high ash fusion tehighly abrasive with high ash fusion tewhich affects the design of boilerwhich affects the design of boiler

PC technologyPC technology the current workhorthe current workhor

gradually through learning curvegradually through learning curve

Any new technology must cope up wiAny new technology must cope up wiIndian coalIndian coal

Being the cheapest and indigenously aBeing the cheapest and indigenously a

it will remain the mainstay fuel for powit will remain the mainstay fuel for powgeneration for many more yearsgeneration for many more years


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Coal BeneficiationCoal Beneficiation

Indian coalIndian coal high ash 40high ash 40--45%45% Open cast miningOpen cast mining

Coal BeneficiationCoal Beneficiation

Savings in Transport costSavings in Transport cost

Better use of Transport infrastructureBetter use of Transport infrastructure

Advantages in O&MAdvantages in O&M

IssuesIssues

Low Washing YieldsLow Washing Yields

Problem of Rejects Disposal/ useProblem of Rejects Disposal/ use

Presently washing has been found ecoPresently washing has been found ecofor load centre stationsfor load centre stations


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Improving EfficiencImproving Efficienc

Higher size unitsHigher size unitsoo More efficient, economy of scaleMore efficient, economy of scale

oo Quicker capacity additionQuicker capacity addition

oo Reduced land/ manpower requirementReduced land/ manpower requirement

Supercritical TechnologySupercritical Technology

oo Higher efficiencyHigher efficiency

oo lower GHG emissionlower GHG emission

Efficiency Improvement in existingEfficiency Improvement in existingoo Upgrading old fleetUpgrading old fleet

oo ReplacementReplacement


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538/ 538538/ 538170170500500

535/ 535535/ 535150150250 (New)250 (New)535/ 535535/ 535150150210/ 250 KWU210/ 250 KWU

535/ 535535/ 535130130110/ 120/ 140/110/ 120/ 140/

150150

53553590906060--10010048248260603030--5050

ooCCkg/ cmkg/ cm22

GG

DD

EffEff

MS/MS/

RHRH

TempTemp

MS. PrMS. PrUnit SizeUnit Size

Prevailing Unit Sizes


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Proposed Unit SizesProposed Unit Sizes

4040247kg/ cm247kg/ cm22 565/ 593565/ 593 OO CC800800

4040247kg/ cm247kg/ cm22 565/ 593565/ 593 OO CC

3939

247kg/ cm247kg/ cm22

538/ 565538/ 565 OO

CC660660

GG

DD

EE

ParametersParametersUnit SizeUnit Size

(MW)(MW)

Expected Efficiency Gain of ~ 4% over Prese

Units (170 kg/cm2 535/535 oC)


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EfficiencyImpact of Tropical Climate

Indian CoalIndian Coal2%2%

CW TemperatureCW Temperature

(33 Vs 15)(33 Vs 15) ooCC

ImIm

AA

(%(%

Impact onImpact on

GrossGross

Efficiency (%)Efficiency (%)

ParameterParameter


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Share of Different Unit Sizes- 2

0%

25%

6%

48%

6%

38%

16%

27%

21%

39%

12%

19%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

800/660 500/600 300/250 210/200


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Capacity Breakup 2007

2007


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Supercritical technology being adopted to Supercritical technology being adopted to efficiency, reduce coal consumption and Gefficiency, reduce coal consumption and G

660/ 800 MW units planned in big way660/ 800 MW units planned in big way

Parameters adopted 247 kg/ cmParameters adopted 247 kg/ cm22 535/ 565 535/ 565 kg/ cmkg/ cm22 565/ 593 deg C565/ 593 deg C

Six units of NTPC under execution at SipaSix units of NTPC under execution at Sipa Ultra Mega Projects, 4000 MW each, envisUltra Mega Projects, 4000 MW each, envis

supercritical units.supercritical units.3 projects already awarded to3 projects already awarded to IPPsIPPs through tathrough ta

competitive bidding.competitive bidding.

Many more supercritical units in pipeline.Many more supercritical units in pipeline. Introduction of supercritical units would iIntroduction of supercritical units would im

efficiency in power generationefficiency in power generation

Supercritical TechnoloSupercritical Technolo


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Efficiency improvemenEfficiency improvemen

in existing stationsin existing stations

Upgrading old fleet of inefficient powUpgrading old fleet of inefficient pow

with poor availability through renovatwith poor availability through renovat

modernisationmodernisation

Improving efficiency / availability thrImproving efficiency / availability throimprovement in O&M practicesimprovement in O&M practices

Replacement of very old poor performReplacement of very old poor perform


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Shift in focus fromShift in focus from Generation MaxGeneration MaxOverall Plant OptimizationOverall Plant Optimization

Replacement of very old small size low effReplacement of very old small size low eff

High end technology solutions foHigh end technology solutions foenhancementenhancement

-- Steam turbine and boiler upgradesSteam turbine and boiler upgrades-- Steam flow path modificationSteam flow path modification

-- Improved plant controlImproved plant control

-- Higher steam parametersHigher steam parameters

AdditionalityAdditionality in efficiency (Beyond Orin efficiency (Beyond Orefficiency )efficiency )

Future Approach Towards R&M


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New Technology optioNew Technology optio

Ultra supercritical (USC) and advanceUltra supercritical (USC) and advance

technologytechnology

CirculatingCirculating FluidisedFluidised Bed CombustionBed Combustion

Integrated Gasification Combined CyIntegrated Gasification Combined Cyc


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Ultra supercritical technUltra supercritical techn

Parameters of about 280 bars and 600Parameters of about 280 bars and 600

more efficient but higher capital costmore efficient but higher capital cost

Experience limited mainly in Japan, GExperience limited mainly in Japan, G

and Denmarkand Denmark

TechnoTechno--economics, suitability with Ineconomics, suitability with In

institutional capacity building to be ginstitutional capacity building to be gu

factors for adoptionfactors for adoption


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Circulating Fluidized BCirculating Fluidized B

CombustionCombustion

CFBC being used for high Sulphur ligCFBC being used for high Sulphur lig

125 MW CFBC units125 MW CFBC units

4 units operational at4 units operational at SuratSurat lignite andlignite and AA

6 units under implementation at6 units under implementation at SuratSurat liliBarsingsarBarsingsar and Giral TPSand Giral TPS

250 MW CFBC units250 MW CFBC units

Under installation atUnder installation at NeyveliNeyveli LigniteLignite


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IGCCIGCC

Limited experience available with low aLimited experience available with low a No large IGCC units in operation withNo large IGCC units in operation with

bedbed gasifiergasifier considered suitable for Indconsidered suitable for Ind

High CostHigh Cost

India pursuing a demo project of abouIndia pursuing a demo project of abouby NTPCby NTPC

Through international coThrough international co--operation (operation (FeasFeasstudy done bystudy done by NexantNexant, USA), USA)

Through indigenous R&D (DPR unThrough indigenous R&D (DPR unfinalisationfinalisation))


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Coal Bed Methane and UCoal Bed Methane and U

Coal Bed MethaneCoal Bed Methane

26 CBM blocks awarded with potential 26 CBM blocks awarded with potential

MMSCMDMMSCMD

Work in progressWork in progress

Underground coal gasificationUnderground coal gasification

Agencies such as ONGC, GAIL keen oAgencies such as ONGC, GAIL keen o

pilot plantspilot plants


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Low carbon technologLow carbon technolog

Keeping close watch on internationalKeeping close watch on internationaldevelopmentsdevelopments

Participation in internationalParticipation in international forafora

FutureGenFutureGen Carbon Sequestration Leadership ForumCarbon Sequestration Leadership Forum

Asia Pacific Partnership on Clean DevelAsia Pacific Partnership on Clean DevelClimateClimate

Kyoto ProtocolKyoto Protocol

LargeLarge NosNos of CDM Projectsof CDM Projects

Official COOfficial CO22 Emission Baseline NotifiedEmission Baseline Notified


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