cell organelles eukaryotic cells. cell parts cells – the basic unit of life organelles - small...
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Cell Organelles
Eukaryotic Cells
Cell Parts
• Cells – the basic unit of life
• Organelles - small structures inside a cell with specific functions.
Analogy – City of Rocklin
1) Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane
Analogy – Gowanda village limits
Function: Regulates materials entering and exiting the cell. Allows material to pass through pores (holes).
Cell membrane
2) Cell Wall (Plant cells only)
Analogy – ground, rock wall
1. Function: Provides support for the cell and the plant.
2. Structure:rigid and stiff
Cell Wall
3) Chloroplasts (Plants only)
Analogy – Solar Panels
1. Function: site of photosynthesis (converting sunlight and carbondioxide into sugar).
2. Structure: contains green chlorophyll
Chloroplasts
4) Cytoplasm
1. Function: Fills the cell and cushions the organelles that lie between the cell membrane and the nucleus.
Gel-like
Analogy – All air, water, life that are in Gowanda, except City Hall
Cytoplasm
5) Endoplasmic Reticulum
Analogy – Roads & Sidewalks
1. Function: Transportation route for proteins.
a. Rough ER: has ribosomes
b. Smooth ER: no ribosomes
2. Structure: tubes and channels
Rough ER
Smooth ER
6) Golgi Apparatus
Analogy – Post Office
1. Function: Processes, Packages, labels and ships proteins.
-near ER
Golgi Apparatus
7) Lysosomes
Analogy – Recycling center
1. Function: packets of digestive enzymes that break down materials in a cell.
- In animal cells
Lysosomes
8) Mitochondria
Analogy – electric plant
1. Function: Produce energy for the cell using oxygen and “food”– site of cellular respiration. “The Powerhouse”
-in all cells
Mitochondria
9) Nucleus
1. Function: “Control Center.” Holds genetic material.
2. Structure: has a membrane and strands of DNA-chromatin, and nucleolus
Analogy – City Hall
Nucleus
9a) Nuclear Membrane
Analogy – Walls & Doors of City Hall
1. Function: Regulates what enters or exits the nucleus.
Nuclear Envelope
9b) Nucleolus
Analogy – The Mayor
1. Function: Produces RNA, which are used to make all proteins.
2. Structure: Inside Nucleus, separate from DNA
Nucleolus
9c) DNA – Deoxyribonucleic acid
Analogy – The Laws or City Code
1. Function: information on how to make proteins. a. Chromatin – strands of DNA (normal state)
b. Chromosomes – organized DNA (present before cell division)
DNA (chromatin)
10) Ribosomes
Analogy – Restaurants, Factories, Builders.
1. Function: Makes proteins.
2. Structure: small circular organelles
Ribosomes
Free Ribosomes
11) Vacuoles & Vesicles
Analogy – Grocery stores, water tanks.
1. Function: Storage for water, nutrients or waste.
Vesicles
YOU WILL LEARN THESE LATER…..
Centrioles (Animals Only)
1. Function: microtubules that help divide the cell during cell division.
Centrioles
Cilia & Flagella
Analogy – Cars or bicycles.
1. Function: provides movement for the cell or objects moving by the cell.
2. Structure:
a. Flagella – 1 long fiber
b. Cilia – many short fibers
FlagellaFlagella Cilia
Cell Parts Analogy• Create an analogy (besides the city
analogy) for the cell and its parts
• Possible ideas:– Stadium– School– Country– Restaurant– House– Mall– Waterpark
Stadium Example:
• Cell membrane: wall of stadium, gates
• Cytoplasm: everything inside the stadium.
• Nucleus: the control room for the stadium.
• Etc…