cell organelles “tiny organs” of the cell objective: c2 - identify the structure and function of...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Cell Organelles“Tiny organs” of the Cell
Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the structures of plant, animal, & bacteria cells recognizing their complexity
![Page 2: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Organelle – cell parts that perform specific functions for the cell
![Page 3: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
A. Cytoplasm
Everything between the cell membrane and the nucleus
A jellylike mixture that consists mostly of water
![Page 4: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
CONTROL CENTER of the Cell NUCLEAR ENVELOPE
– Covered with many
small pores that allow
messages, like RNA,
to be sent from the
Nucleus
B. The Nucleus
![Page 5: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
B. The Nucleus
CHROMOSOMES– Hereditary information
NUCLEOLUS – MAKES (synthesizes)
RIBOSOMES
CHROMATIN – Consists of DNA bound
to protein
![Page 6: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Are the site of PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
• Some float free in the cytoplasm; others
attach to the ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
• found in ALL cells
C. Ribosomes
![Page 7: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• the site where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled
• is primarily a transportation system
• ROUGH - has ribosomes
• SMOOTH - no ribosomes
D. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
![Page 8: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Processing, Packaging, and Secretion
• System of membranes made of flattened sac like structures
E. Golgi Apparatus/Body
![Page 9: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• Filled with enzymes • Digestion of macromolecules
(lipids, carbohydrates, and
proteins) into molecules that
can be used by the cell
• Involved in breaking down old cell parts
(Not found in plant cells)
F. Lysosomes
![Page 10: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• for temporary storage of materials,
especially water
- big in plant cells
- small in animal cells
G. Vacuoles
VacuoleAnimalCell
PlantCell
![Page 11: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• Converts chemical energy stored in food into compounds that the cell can use
•"POWERHOUSE" OF THE CELL- ATP is the ENERGY molecule of the cell- ATP is produced in a process called CELLULAR RESPIRATION
H. Mitochondria
![Page 12: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
I. Chloroplast
CHLOROPLASTS
• Capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called
Photosynthesis
• Not found in animal cells
![Page 13: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• Helps maintain cell shape
• Helps the cell move• Consists of TWO Types of structures:
- MICROFILAMENTS (threadlike)
- MICROTUBULES (hollow)
J. Cytoskeleton
![Page 14: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
- cylindrical structures that are composed
of groupings of microtubules
- function in cell division
(Not found in plant cells)
K. Centrioles
![Page 15: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• Extend from the surface of the cell
• Assist in movement• CILIA are short hair like projections (not in plants)
• FLAGELLA are long whip like projections
L. CILIA AND FLAGELLA
![Page 16: Cell Organelles “Tiny organs” of the Cell Objective: C2 - Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell and compare the](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bf911a28abf838c8ea95/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Etymology
Cytoplasm: cyto-, (cell) + -plasm (to mold) Chloroplast: chloro- (Gk. KHLOROS, greenish
yellow) + -plast (to mold) Endoplasmic: endo- (in) + -plasmic (to mold) Lysosome: lyso- (loosening or dissolving) + -some
(Gk. SOMA, body) Flagellum: (L. FLAGELLUM, little whip) Cilia: (L. CILIUM, eyelid) NOTE: Cilia reminded scientists of eyelashes.
Vacuole: (L. VACUUS, empty)