Cell Parts and Functions Table

Cell OrganelleCell Function

NucleusDirects all cell activities "Brain or Control Center of cell"

Nuclear Envelope (Membrane)Controls what passes in and out of the nucleus

CytoplasmJelly-like substance found inside cell that acts as a medium for chemical reactions within the cell

Golgi Body (Apparatus)Packages the proteins made by the ribosomes so they can be sent out of the cell. The UPS store of the cell

Mitochondrion"powerhouse of the cell" breaks down sugar molecules to release energy, site of cellular respiration, double membrane, self-replicating, contains own DNA, cristae

Vacuole"Storage tanks" Can hold food, water or waste for the cell

RibosomeMakes proteins for the cell, can be found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum or free in the cytoplasm

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)Transportation network for the cell, moves materials around in the cell Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)- endoplasmic reticulum that has ribosomes attached.Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)- does not have ribosomes attached

Lysosome"Stomach of the cell" Helps the cell digest food, waste and worn out cell parts

NucleolusProduces ribosomes and rRNA( stuff ribosomes are made of)

Cell Membrane (plasma membrane)"Gatekeeper" Separates the cell from the rest of the environment and helps control what passes in and out of the cell. Semi-permeable: allows some materials to pass through but not all

ChloroplastA special plastid that contains chlorophyll a pigment that captures the sun's energy to produce glucose in a process called photosynthesis

Cell WallRigid outer layer made of cellulose that supports and protects the cell (plant, fungi, and bacterial cells)

VesicleStores and Transports substances from the Golgi Body to the cell membrane for export. "The UPS truck of the cell"

Cytoskeletongives support and shape to the cell, made of proteins

CentrioleOrganizes special parts of the cytoskeleton called microtubules for cell division, migrates to opposite ends (poles) of the cell to assist with cell division