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Page 1: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

CellsCells

Page 2: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Cell ScientistsCell Scientists

• Robert Hooke

• looked at cork under a microscope

• 1st to use term “cell”

Page 3: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Cell ScientistsCell Scientists

• Anton van Leeuwenhoek

• looked at pond water

• 1st to see living cells

Page 4: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Cell ScientistsCell Scientists

• Schleiden, Schwann, & Virchow

• came up with the cell theory

Page 5: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

The Cell TheoryThe Cell Theory

Page 6: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Parts of the Cell TheoryParts of the Cell Theory

• All living things are made of one or more cells

• Cells are the basic unit of structure & function in organisms

• Cells come only from the reproduction of pre-existing cells

Page 7: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic CellsProkaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells

Page 8: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Prokaryotic CellsProkaryotic Cells

• Appeared 3.5 billion years ago

• Primitive, simple

• Small in size

• No membrane-bound organelles

• Smaller ribosomes

• Single, circular

chromosome

• BACTERIA

Page 9: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Eukaryotic CellsEukaryotic Cells

• Appeared 1.5 billion years ago

• Complex

• Contain membrane-

bound organelles

• Larger ribosomes

• Paired, linear

chromosomes

• NUCLEUS

Page 10: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Parts of aEukaryotic Cell

Parts of aEukaryotic Cell

Page 11: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Plasma MembranePlasma Membrane

• Also called the Cell Membrane

• Separates

cell from its environment

Page 12: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Plasma MembranePlasma Membrane

• Semi-permeable• Allows only

certain molecules to enter or exit

Page 13: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Plasma MembranePlasma Membrane

• Phospholipid Bilayer• Embedded with

proteins

• Fluid-mosaic Model

Page 14: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

NucleusNucleus

• “Boss” or “Brain” of the cell

• Controls cellular activities

• Contains DNA (chromosomes)

Page 15: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

NucleusNucleus

• Nuclear Membrane• Surrounds nucleus

• Double membrane

• Contains nuclear pores (holes)

Page 16: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

NucleusNucleus

• Nucleolus• Produces

ribosomes

• Ribosomes leave through nuclear pores

Page 17: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

CytoplasmCytoplasm

• Cytosol• Fluid portion

• Organelles• Membrane-bound

compartments that carry out specific functions

Page 18: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

MitochondriaMitochondria• Breaks down glucose

to CREATE ENERGY (ATP)• Active cells (muscle) ->

hundreds of mitochondria

• Inactive cells (fat) -> few mitochondria

• Have own DNA• Have a double

membrane

Page 19: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

RibosomesRibosomes• Create proteins• Composed of 2

interlocking subunits

• Some float free in cytosol

• Some attach to the ER

Page 20: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

• Intracellular highway

• 2 Types• Rough ER• Smooth ER

Page 21: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

• Rough ER• Covered in

ribosomes• Produces

phospholipids and proteins

Page 22: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

• Smooth ER• Lacks ribosomes• Produces lipids,

estrogen, & testosterone

• Helps detoxify drugs & poisons

• Increased use = increased smooth ER

• Possibly linked to increased tolerance

Page 23: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Page 24: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

• Transport (FedEx of the cell)

• Receive vesicles from ER

• Can modify packages en route

Golgi ApparatusGolgi Apparatus

Page 25: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

• Lysosomes• Contain digestive

enzymes• Digest organic

molecules, worn organelles, or dying cells

VesiclesVesicles

Page 26: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

• Cilia• Hair-like• Short &

numerous

• Flagella• Tail-like• Long & less

numerous

Cilia/FlagellaCilia/Flagella

Page 27: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Plant Cellversus Animal CellPlant Cellversus Animal Cell

Page 28: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

• Cytoskeleton• Network of

microtubules & filaments

• Gives the cell shape

• Holds organelles in place

Animal Cells Only!Animal Cells Only!

Page 29: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

• Centrioles• Used during cell

division

Animal Cells Only!Animal Cells Only!

Page 30: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

• Cell Wall• Rigid layer

surrounding plasma membrane

• Made of cellulose

• Pores allow water, ions, & other molecules to pass

• Bacteria, some protists & fungi also have cell walls

Plant Cells Only!Plant Cells Only!

Page 31: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

• Chloroplast• Contain

chlorophyll• Site of

photosynthesis• Energy (sunlight)

-> food• Contain own

DNA• Have a double

membrane

Plant Cells Only!Plant Cells Only!

Page 32: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

• Central vacuole• Large, fluid-filled

organelle• Stores water, ions,

enzymes & waste• Can be up to 90%

of cell’s volume• Animals cells

have small vacuoles

• Why so big in plants?

Plant Cells Only!Plant Cells Only!

Page 33: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”
Page 34: Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

7.1 Cell Discovery and Theory - Oak Park Independent€¦ · 7.1 Cell Discovery and Theory Cell Discovery & Theory Section 7.1 1665 - Robert Hooke identified cells in cork and named

History of the Cell Robert Hooke (1665) – Used compound scope to examine thin cork slices. Coined the term “cell” referring to the many little boxes

Chapter 7 Cell Structure & Function. 7.1 Life is Cellular Discovery of the Cell –Use of microscopes to discover cells – 1600s –Hooke looked at cork (plant

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle Chapter 3. Cell Basic unit of plant structure and function Robert Hooke –Looked at cork tissue under microscope –“little

Contributors to the Cell Theory Robert Hooke (1665)- used a compound microscope to observe thin slices of cork (bark). He observed the cork was made

Cell Theory Robert Hooke observed compartments in a thin slice of cork. He named them cells

Cell Structure and Function. Scientists responsible for the tools and foundations of cell biology: Robert Hooke 1665 term “cell” observed cork

Cell Biology & Cell Organelles. Get Hooke-d on Cells! ScientistDiscovery Robert Hook (1665) Described the empty spaces between cork as “cells” Actually

Chapter 3: Cells 1. In 1665, An English Scientist Robert Hooke used a 3 lens microscope to examine thin slices of cork. Hooke noticed the cork was made

DISCOVERING THE CELL Chapter 4. Discovering the Cell Robert Hooke – Simplistic microscope to examine cork – Referred to compartments as ‘cellulae’ Origin

Chapter 7 Cell Structure and Function. 7.1 The Discovery of Cells Robert Hooke –Discovered 1 st cell –Observed dead cork cells –Named the cell: basic

Cells. Cell Discovery 1665 Robert Hooke: Around the time of Newton –discovered the cell –Saw dead cells of a cork plant –Called them cells because they

Cell Structure & Function. Robert Hooke (1600s) named the cell after viewing cork under m’scope

Cell Structure and Function Biology 103. I. The Development of the Cell Theory 1. Robert Hooke (1665) - observed cork 2. Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1673)

Cells and Cellular Transport. Cell History Hooke - is the scientist who 1st coined the term “cell” – in the 1660’s he observed cork from a tree stem (they

The Cell The basic unit of life. Cell History Cytology- study of cells 1665 English Scientist Robert Hooke Used a microscope to examine cork (plant) Hooke

Cells The Units of Life. Mid 1600s - Robert Hooke observed and described cells in cork Mid 1600s - Robert Hooke observed and described cells in cork Late

Cell Structure and Function Chapter 7. Cell History Robert Hooke (1635- 1703)Robert Hooke (1635- 1703) Viewed slices of cork under a crude compound microscopeViewed

Cell Structures Cell Unit. Discovery of Cells Robert Hooke (1660’s) – –first to observe non-living cells in cork and named them cells Anton van

CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells

Cell Structure and Function. The “Discovery” of the Cell Robert Hooke – first to see and identify cork “cells.” 7-1

Development of the cell theory: Hooke in 1663, observed cork (plant): named the cell Schwann in 1800’s states: all animals are made of cells Pasteur’s

Robert Hooke 1665 coined the word `cell’ for the box-like structures of cork

Discovery of the Cell and Cell Theory. Observations of Dead Cells Robert Hooke (1635- 1703) –First to view cells (dead cork cells) –Thought that the “little

Cell Structure & Function. A Little History 1600’s – cork cells – Robert Hooke

CHAPTER FOUR: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION. 7.1 History of the Cell Robert Hooke (1665) – Used compound scope to examine thin cork slices. Coined the

1 Discovery of the Cell Robert Hooke (1635-1703) – invented the term cell; studied dead plant cells such as cork. Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) -

Cells August 28 th, 2007. Cell History Robert Hooke (1635- 1703) Robert Hooke (1635- 1703) Viewed slices of cork under a crude compound microscope Viewed

Ch4 p 69. History Robert Hooke – 1665 – Cork cells First to use the word ‘cell’ to describe the boxes he saw in cork, a plant

CELL THEORY A Brief History. Robert Hooke named the cell [1665] based on observations of the cell walls of cork tissue

Discovery of the Cell Robert Hooke: 1665- 1stperson to see a cell Used a microscope to look at a piece of cork Saw small, empty “boxes”which reminded

Cell Structure and Function. The Discovery of the Cell Robert Hooke – first to see and identify cork “ cells ” using a microscope. 7-1

Cell Theory SNC1L. Cell Theory 1. All living things are composed of one or more cells. A drawing of cork seen through a microscope by Robert Hooke

Cell Structure and Function Unit 7. 1 Robert Hooke named cell while looking at cork in 1665

Discovering the Cell. Robert Hooke Author of “Micrographia.” First coined the word “cell” to describe what he saw in a thin slice of cork