CHAPTER 2 VOCAB

Cells-The Units of Life

1. BACTERIA

Smallest organisms on Earth

Made up of only one cell

Sentence: Bacteria are 1 celled organisms.

SALMONELLA BACTERIA

2. CELL MEMBRANE Flexible structure that holds a cell together

Boundary between cell & its environment

Helps control what enters & exits the cell

“gate keeper” of cell

Sentence: A cell’s membrane is its “gatekeeper”

3.CELL WALL Found in structure of plants, algae, fungi, & many bacteria types

Supports & protects cell membrane

Sentence: Plants have a rigid cell wall.

4. CYTOPLASM Gelatin like substance inside cell membrane

Contains water, chemicals, and cell parts (organelles)

Where cell’s activities take place

5. ORGANELLE Specialized cell parts that move around in a cell

Perform jobs necessary for cell to live

6. NUCLEUS Cell organelle that contains hereditary material (DNA in chromosomes)

Directs most of cell’s activities

“cell boss”

7. VACUOLE Balloon like cell organelle Can store food, water, & other

substances “cell closet”

8. MITOCHONDRIA Provides usable energy for the cell Where process of cellular respiration

takes place “cell powerhouse”

9. PHOTOSYNTHESIS Process plants, algae, and many

bacteria use to make food

10. CHLOROPLAST Green organelle in a plant’s leaf Where photosynthesis occurs “cell kitchen”

11. TISSUE Groups of similar cells that all do

the same work

12. ORGAN Structure made of 2 or more

types of different tissue Work together to do a certain job

13. ORGAN SYSTEM Group of organs that work

together to perform a certain job