life in oceans sci 7.4 plankton: drift with current includes smallest organisms many are single...
TRANSCRIPT
Life in Oceans
Sci 7.4
Plankton:• drift with current
• includes smallest organisms
• many are single celled
Question 1
1a. Which appeared first in Earth’s oceans? Plankton, fish, whales, penguins
1b. Are some plankton big enough to see without a microscope? Y/N
• Phytoplankton – plant like
coccolithophores
dinoflagellates
Question 2
2a. If planktos is Greek for wanderer, phyton is probably Greek for what? Plant, animal, rock, paper, scissors
2b. In which layer of the ocean will you find the most phytoplanton? Deepest parts, middle depths, near the surface
• Zooplankton – animal and animal like
Question 3
3a. If the Greek word “phyton” means plant, the Greek word “zoon” means what? Animal, plant, current, wanderer3b. Plankton’s horizontal position in the oceans is primarily determined by what? Currents, temperature, salinity, predators
Nekton:• Animals that actively swim• Ex: fish, whales, turtles, etc…
Question 4
4a. The main thing that determines where nekton travel is: where they swim to, currents4b. Which of the following are plankton? Fish, clams, sponges, jellyfish
Benthos:• Bottom dwellers• Ex: crabs, snails, flounder,
corals, etc…
Question 5
5a. Plankton, nekton, and benthos are the 3 major _______ in the oceans. groups of organisms, types of fish, kinds of environments5b. Which character is technically nekton? Spongebob, Mr. Crab, Plankton, Squidward, Gary
Ecosystem:• Community of organisms (producers,
consumers, decomposers) and the nonliving factors that affect them
Ex:Oak tree
ecosystem
Question 6
6a. Some living things do not live in ecosystems. T/F
6b. An ecosystem includes: plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, all of the above
Producers:• Base of all ecosystems• Make their own food• Photosynthesis with light• Chemosynthesis without
Question 7
7a. If “synthesis” means “to make”, then “photo” means what? Light, food, chlorophyll, ecosystem
7b. Tube worms live at great depths off of bacteria that make food using which process? Photosynthesis, chemosynthesis
Consumers:• Eat the producers • Other consumers eat them
Question 8
8a. Primary consumers get their energy directly from where? The sun, producers8b. Which one is a secondary consumer? Phytoplanton, sharks, algae eating parrot fish
Decomposers:• Bacteria and fungi mainly
• Release nutrients and CO2 back into ecosystem
Terrestrial ecosystem
Marine ecosystem
Question 9
9a. Decomposers provide what useful service for an ecosystem? Trap CO2, make nutrients available to producers, provide food to consumers
9b. In a marine ecosystem, decomposers are found only in the benthic layer (ocean floor). T/F
Food chains: energy transfer: producers consumers
decomposers
Question 10
10a. The source of almost all energy for living things on earth is what? The oceans, the sun, geothermal vents
10b. Which is the first to capture the energy that all living things need? Producers, consumers, decomposers
Food web:• Network of interconnected food
chains• Most species eat more than one other
species
Whale shark
Question 11
11a. What’s the difference between a food chain and a food web? A food chain only involves animals, a food web is more complicated, a food chain starts with phytoplankton, a food web contains more than one species11b. The base of a food web in the ocean is usually what? Small fish, algae, phytoplankton, sharks, whales
Question 12
12a. What’s the largest living species of fish? Humpback whale, blue whale, whale shark
12b. What do whale sharks eat? Anything they want, plankton and krill, fish, seals
Nutrients are recycledEx: carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle
nutrient transfer: producers consumers
decomposers
Aquarium nitrogen cycle
Question 13
13a. Consumers get both energy and nutrients directly from where? The sun, producers, decomposers
13b. Producers get their energy from the sun, and their nutrients from where: the sun, consumers, decomposers