Cells

www.teachersdomain.orgGallery of Cells

Mrs. Harlin

1.1.1

Summarize the structure and function of organelles in eukaryotic cells (including the nucleus, plasma membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, vacuoles, chloroplasts, and ribosomes) and ways that these organelles interact with each other to perform the function of the cell.

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

NUCLEUS

Directs all cell activities Contains instructions

for everything the cell does

These instructions are found on a hereditary material called DNA

Plasma Membrane

Protective layer around ALL cells.

Allows things in and out of cells. Helps cell maintain homeostasis

(internal balance).

protects the cell gives shape is made of cellulose A cell wall is found in plants, algae, fungi, & most

bacteria. NOT found in animal cells. Located outside the cell membrane.

CELL WALL

MITOCHONDRIA

Organelles that break down glucose to make ATP- process called cellular respiration.

AKA the powerhouse. Inner folded membranes=

increase in surface area= more energy production during aerobic cellular respiration

VACUOLES

Temporary storage spaces

Store food, water, waste

Take up most of a plant’s cells volume.

Chloroplasts

Green organelles that make food= photosynthesis

found only in plant cells

RIBOSOMES

Site of protein synthesis! = to make proteins

Float freely or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

In ALL cells!

The Cell is like a Factory

DNA from the nucleus codes for proteins. Proteins are used as enzymes for chemical

reactions:– Energy production at the mitochondria– Making glucose in the chloroplast– Digesting large organic molecules

Life’s Levels of Hierarchy

Atoms-> Molecules-> Organelles-> Cells ->Tissues -> Organs -> Organ Systems -> Organisms

This applies only for multicellular organisms.