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CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION

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Page 1: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE

4-2 EVOLUTION

Page 2: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do.

Page 3: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

Charles Darwin 1859

• Observed organisms in a population differed slightly in form, function, and behavior

Page 4: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do
Page 5: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

•Darwin observed

• Some differences are inherited.• Environment exerts influence over which individuals survive to reproduce• Some differences may increase an organisms chance of survival.

Page 6: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

Darwin’s Hypothesis

• The survival and reproduction of organisms with certain traits is called Natural Selection

• Over many generations natural selection causes the characteristics of a population

to change.• A change in genetic characteristics of a

population from one generation to the next is evolution

Page 7: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

Can you adapt?

• How do you get an adaptation?

So, if the earth flooded, and you needed to swim everywhere, you would grow flippers or webbed fingers and toes?

Page 8: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

Darwin hypothesized:

• Environment determines which individual will survive to produce offspring (survival of the fittest)

• Hypothesis is now a theory. • Theory of Natural Selection – nature selects for certain traits that ensure survival

Page 9: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do
Page 10: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do
Page 11: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

Natural Selection

• Over many generations changes in the characteristics of a population will change.

• Changes in genetic characteristics of a population over time is EVOLUTION

Page 12: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

What drives evolution?

Page 13: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

Evolution by Natural SelectionPremises Conclusion1. Individuals in a population vary in each generation

Based on these four premises, individuals with genetic traits that

make them more likely

2. Some of these variations are genetic or to grow up and Inherited reproduce in the existing environment will become more

3. More individuals are produced than live common in the to grow up and reproduce population from one generation to the next

4. Individuals with some genes are more likely to survive and reproduce than individuals with other genes

Page 14: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

What is an adaptation?

• An inherited trait that increases an organism’s chance of survival and reproduction in a certain environment.

Page 15: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

Darwin’s FinchesRead pp 104-105

Page 16: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do
Page 17: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

CO-EVOLUTION

Page 18: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

COEVOLUTION

• 2 DIFFERENT SPECIES EVOLVE DUE TO LONG INTERACTION TOGETHER

Page 19: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

ARTIFICIAL SELECTION

Page 20: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

RESISTANCE

Page 21: CH 4 ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 4-2 EVOLUTION. Organisms are well suited to where they live and what they do

Why did some pests survive?

• They had a genetic variation (a gene) that made them resistant to the pesticide.

• They survived and reproduced.• The next generation was now resistant to that pesticide.


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