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INTRODUCTION TO GPRS & EDGE

Eng: Waleed El-Safoury

Copyright © 2013 Waleed Elsafoury

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Data transmission: • SMS • FAX• E-mail• Internet• Intranet• Multimedia

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Data transmission in GSM

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Appearance of High data rates

GSM GPRS

EDGE

HSCSD

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Switching Data:

1.Circuit-Switching

2.Message-Switching

3.Packet-Switching

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Circuit Switching• Like Telephone connection• Both source and destination has nothing but data TX.• Connection is done after connecting several points between source and destination • After setup connection speed is constant during TX

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Adv. & disadv.

• Best for real time applications• Reverse Charging• Call Redirect• Incoming Calls only• Outgoing Calls Only

- The system offer full channel connection regardless to traffic amount- Both source and destination must have the same protocol- If the destination or connection points are busy source may wait a lot until it is free

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Message-Switching• Store-and-Forward Message Switching

• It is not important to both source and destination to be connected at the same time

• It is not necessary to establish a full connection between them

• If an error happened it is not necessary to re-transmit the message as each point it pass has a copy of it

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Adv. & disadv.• It offers better BW usage

• It has smaller setup time

• If there is more than one path we can select the free one

- User can not control reception timea

- can’t be used for real time

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Packet-Switching• Each message is divided into packets and then transmitted

• Each packet has source and destination information and control data

• Each packet has its own connection and path

• Packets may arrive not in order so it should be re-arranged

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Adv. & disadv.

• It is fastest switching method • It is not important to both source and destination to be connected at the same time• Both source and destination may not have the same protocol• As packets are small it is easier to re-transmit • As packets are small it use paths for less time

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From Speech to Data Transmission

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THE 3RD MOBILE RADIO GENERATION

GSM UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication system).

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GSM – GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION

• GSM900 / E-GSM

• GSM1800 (DCS1800)

• GSM1900 (PCS1900)

• GSM-R

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GSM – Implementation in an evolutionary Concept

GSM Phase1:

- digital transmission

- Data transmission was also defined with transmission rates of 0.3 to 9.6 kbit/sec

- includes only a few supplementary services

GSM Phase2:

- Half-rate speech were considered

- All networks and terminal equipment of phase 2 were compatible to the networks and terminal equipment of phase 1

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GSM Phase 2+ Solutions for Meeting Current and Future Mobile Requirements

• Enhanced Full Rate Speech

• multi-mode terminal equipment (satellite roaming)

• Internet access

• High Speed Circuit Switched Data HSCSD

• General Packet Radio Service GPRS

• Enhanced Data Rates for the GSM Evolution EDGE

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Data Transmission in GSM Phase2+

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• 9.6 kbps are possible - GSM

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- Using the Air Interface

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Point-to-Point Services (PTP)

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- Points-to-Multipoint Services (PTM)

• The Point-to-Multipoint Multicast

• The Point-to-Multipoint Group

• Internet Protocol Multicast

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- Point-to-Multipoint Multicast • sender sends out

information to several

receivers in a defined

area • No paging• No Confirmations• The sender does not

know who has received

information • Repeated sending • No ciphering is used• One way connection

As Traffic messages

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- Point-to-Multipoint Group • All receivers are

selected• They must be GPRS-

attached• Ciphering • Receivers can now

send back data• The n-way connection

“conference“

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- Internet Protocol Multicast • A service based on Internet Protocol • The receiver group can be located within a mobile phone network, or anywhere in the Internet

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- Supplementary and value-added services

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• Access to Inter-and Intranet • faxing and E-mailing• Receiving breaking news and complete newspaper contents

• Traffic information for a planned trip

• Messages of commercial interest.

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Mobile Stations

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Class C

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Class B

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Class A

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New Network Elements and Interfaces in GPRS

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Gateway GPRS Support Node

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• GGSN

1. SCREENING (FIREWALL)

2. TUNNELING

3. ROUTING

4. ADDRESS MAPPING

5. BILLING

6. PROTOCOL TRANSLATION

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SGSN• PDP Context

• mobility management

• security

• Authentication

• Ciphering

• Billing

- The cause of early ciphering in the GPRS network• the security of the transmission increases • it will not be necessary to reconfigure all existing Base

Transceiver Stations

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The PCU can be implemented in:• the Base Transceiver Station • the Base Station Controller • one of the two GPRS Support Nodes

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• PCU Functions

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• Cooperation between GSM/GPRS Elements

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• connection to Public Land Mobile Networks

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Inter-PLMN Backbone

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Interconnection via PDN

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Registration

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Authentication & access control

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Mobility Management

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The network identities

• Location Area Identification

• Routing Area Identification

• Cell Global Identification

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• IP Addresses

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GSN numbers

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Access Point Name

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Packet Data Protocol Address

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Combined IMSI/GPRS Attach

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Context Activation

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GPRS Detach

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Mobile Originated Packet Transfer

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Mobile Originated Packet Transfer

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Mobile Originated Packet Transfer

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Mobile Originated Packet Transfer

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Mobile Originated Packet Transfer

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Mobile Terminated Packet Transfer

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Mobile Terminated Packet Transfer

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THE END