chapter 1 drawing in auto cad 2010
TRANSCRIPT
Copyright ©2009 by K. PlantenbergRestricted use only
Chapter 1Drawing in AutoCAD
TopicsExercises
Copyright ©2009 by K. PlantenbergRestricted use only
Drawing AutoCAD: TopicsSummary1.1) Introduction1.2) AutoCAD’s User Interface1.3) The Drawing Area1.4) Accessing AutoCAD Commands1.8) Coordinates1.11) Printing1.13) Draw Commands
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Drawing AutoCAD: Topics1.14) Text1.15) Modify Commands1.16) Object Snap Commands1.18) Selecting Objects1.21) Polar Tracking1.22) Object Snap Tracking1.24) Dynamic Input1.26) Grip Boxes1.28) Parametric Drawing
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Drawing AutoCAD: ProblemsProblem 1-1: Relative CoordinatesProblem 1-2: Scale
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Drawing in AutoCAD
Summary
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Summary What will we learn in Chapter 1?
→ How to navigate through and create drawings in AutoCAD’s 2-D drawing environment.
Key points→ AutoCAD creates objects within a
coordinate system.
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.1) Introduction
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Introduction AutoCAD gives you the tools to create
accurate and professional looking detailed and assembly drawings.
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.2) AutoCAD’s Workspaces and User Interface
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Workspaces AutoCAD Classic: Allows access to all
commands.
2D Drafting & Annotation: Contains commands related to 2D drawings.
3D Modeling: Allows you easy access to commands related to 3D models
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Workspaces Open up AutoCAD 2010 and enter the
AutoCAD Classic workspace.
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Workspaces Enter the 2D Drafting & Annotation
workspace.
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.3) The Drawing Area
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The Drawing Area The drawing area is the place where you
create and view your drawing. → The background color may be changed.
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The Drawing Area Useful Commands
→ Limits: Sets the drawing size.→ Units: Controls the measurement precision
(decimal places) and units (i.e. mm, inch) .→ Pan: Moves the view center.→ Zoom: Reveals more or less of the drawing
area.Live demonstration
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.4) Accessing AutoCAD Commands
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Accessing AutoCAD Commands 2D Drafting & Annotation
→ Ribbon panels AutoCAD Classic
→ Pull-down menus→ Toolbars
Common to both→ Command window→ Shortcut menus→ Drawing Status bar→ Tool palettes
Live demonstration
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Starting a New Drawing QNew... STARTUP = 1 (Template
window)
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Starting a New Drawing QNew... STARTUP = 0 (Create New
Drawing window)
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.8) Coordinates
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Cartesian & Polar Coordinates In AutoCAD, lines, circles and etc... are
defined by coordinate points.
The two main coordinate systems used are the → Cartesian coordinate system (x,y) → polar coordinate system (r,q).
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Cartesian Coordinate System The Cartesian coordinate has three
mutually perpendicular axes (x-axis, y-axis z-axis).
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Cartesian Coordinate System The origin is located at (0,0,0).
Origin
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Creating a Line Command: l or line LINE Specify first point: 2,1
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Creating a Line Specify next point or [Undo]: 6,3 Specify next point or [Undo]: Enter
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Polar Coordinate System The 2-D polar coordinate system consists
of two mutually perpendicular axes (x-axis, y-axis).
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Polar Coordinate System The origin is located at (0,0).
Origin
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Polar Coordinate System The location of any point in space can be
identified by the radial coordinate r and the angular coordinate q.
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Polar Coordinate System The angular coordinate q is measured
counterclockwise starting at the positive x-axis.
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Creating a Line Command: l or line LINE Specify first point: 2.5<60
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Creating a Line Specify next point or [Undo]: 7<10 Specify next point or [Undo]: Enter
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Relative Coordinates If the start point of a line is unknown, you
can enter relative coordinate points to create the end point.→ The symbol @ is placed before the
coordinate point if it is to be relative to the last point entered.
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Creating a Line Command: l or line LINE Specify first point: unknown
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Creating a Line Specify next point or [Undo]: @4,2 Specify next point or [Undo]: Enter
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Creating a Line Command: l or line LINE Specify first point: 2,1
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Creating a Line Specify next point or [Undo]: @5<25 Specify next point or [Undo]: Enter
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WCS & UCS Coordinate Systems AutoCAD has two different coordinate
frames; → world coordinate system (WCS), which is
fixed and cannot be moved → user coordinate system (UCS), which may
be translated and rotated
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UCS Panel Command: UCS Specify origin of UCS or [Face/NAmed/
Object/Previous/View/World/X/Y/Z/ ZAxis] <World>:
Origin World
Rotate
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Coordinate Position The coordinate position of your cursor is
displayed at the bottom left of the drawing area.
It dynamically states the x, y, z or r, q position of your cursor. → The command COORDS controls which is
stated.
Live demonstration
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.11) Printing
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Printing To print, you need to specify a print
region. → Display: Prints everything that you can
see, at the moment, in the drawing area.→ Extents: Prints the minimum area which
will include everything that is drawn.→ Limits: Prints the area that you have
defined as your drawing size.→ Window: Prints the area that you select
using a window.
Box indicating the limits.
This is what you see.
This is what you see.
Box indicating the limits.
This is what prints.DISPLAY
This is what you see.
Box indicating the limits.
This is what prints.EXTENT
This is what you see.
Box indicating the limits.
This is what prints.LIMITS
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Page Setup Printing preferences for a particular
drawing may be set in the Page Setup - Model window. → These settings are drawing specific which
means that they are stored in the drawing or template file and not in the program.
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Plot The Plot – Model window allows you to
send your drawing to a printer or plotter. → The default settings used to print your
drawing are specified in the Page Setup – Model window.
→ The Plot – Model window allows you to change some of these default settings. • (Not stored in the drawing.)
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Printing to Scale Print scale expresses the ratio between
the printed size of an object to its actual size. → Full-scale (1:1): 1 inch measures 1 inch
with a ruler on the printed drawing. → Half-scale (1:2): 1 inch measures ½ inch
with a ruler on the printed drawing.→ Quarter-scale (1:4): 1 inch measures ¼
inch with a ruler on the printed drawing.
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Printing to Scale Even though a drawing may not be able to
be printed full scale, it should always be drawn full scale in the CAD environment.
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Printing to Scale Although it is nice to print to scale, the
ASME standard states that no dimension should be measured directly from the printed drawing.
For drawings that have no scale, the word “NONE” is used.
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.13) Draw Commands
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Draw panel
Line
Polyline Polygon
Rectangle
Arc
EllipseCircle
Hatch
Construction Line
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Draw Commands Each draw command has several options.
→ Look at the Command prompt.
Command: circle Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr
(tan tan radius)]:
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Draw Commands Each draw command has several options.
→ Look at the Command prompt.
Command: rectangle Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/
Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: Specify other corner point or [Area/
Dimensions/Rotation]:
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.14) Text
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Style Command: Style
→ Sets the default text font and size.
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Single Line Text Command: Text
→ Creates a single line of text.
It has several justification options.→ Enter an option [Align/Fit/Center/Middle
/Right/TL/TC/TR/ ML/MC/MR/BL/BC/BR]:
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Multiline Text
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Multiline Text Command: MText
→ Activates an in place text editor.
Live demonstration
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.15) Modify Commands
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Modify Toolbar / Control panel
Erase
CopyMove Rotate
Fillet/ChamferExplode
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Modify Toolbar
Mirror
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Modify Toolbar
Offset
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Modify Toolbar
Array
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Modify Toolbar
Rotate
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Modify Toolbar
Scale
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Modify Toolbar
Stretch
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Modify Toolbar
Trim
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Modify Toolbar
Extend (under Trim)
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Modify Toolbar
Break
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.16) Object Snap Commands
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Object Snap Toolbar Osnaps allow you to snap to specific
geometric locations on an existing object. → They allow you to draw quickly and
accurately. → Snap points are indicated by Osnap
markers.
Live demonstration
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Object Snap Toolbar
Endpoint Midpoint Intersection
Center point
Quadrant
Tangent
Perpendicular
Parallel Nearest
Settings
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Object Snap Toolbar
Extension
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.18) Selecting Objects
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Selecting Objects Common ways of selecting objects
→ Selecting objects using the pickbox → Window selection → Crossing window selection (CW)
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Selecting Objects Useful Commands
→ Pickadd: • PICKADD = 0 The object will replace the
selected object • PICKADD = 1 The object will be added to the
selection group → Remove (R): Removes an object from the
selection group.→ Add (A): Adds an object to the selection
group.Live demonstration
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.21) Polar Tracking
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Polar Tracking Polar tracking restricts cursor movement
to specified angles. (POLARANG)
Live demonstration
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.22) Object Snap Tracking
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Object Snap Tracking Object snap tracking enables you to
track along paths that are based on OSNAP point.
Live demonstration
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.24) Dynamic Input
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Dynamic Input Dynamic input provides a command
interface near the cursor to help you keep your focus in the drawing area.
Live demonstration
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.26) Grip Boxes
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Grip Boxes Object grips or grip boxes allow you to
quickly modify the object.
Live demonstration
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Drawing in AutoCAD
1.28) Parametric Drawing
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Parametric Panel The commands located in the Parametric
panel allow you to apply geometric and dimensional constraints to 2D drawings
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Geometric Constraints
CoincidentColinear
ConcentricFix
Parallel
Tangent
VerticalEqual
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Geometric Constraints
PerpendicularHorizontal
SmoothSymmetric
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Dimensional Constraints The size of the element will
automatically change if the value of the dimension is changed.
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Dimensional Constraints You have the ability to relate one
dimension to another through an equation.
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Dimensional Constraints
Radius Diameter
Angle
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Problem 1-1
Relative Coordinates
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Problem 1-1: Relative coordinates Fill in the relative Cartesian coordinates
needed to draw the following object.
How do we draw this line?
@0,30
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Problem 1-1: Relative coordinates Fill in the relative Cartesian coordinates
needed to draw the following object.
@0,30@40,0
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Problem 1-1: Relative coordinates Fill in the relative Cartesian coordinates
needed to draw the following object.
@0,30@40,0
@0,-20
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Problem 1-1: Relative coordinates Fill in the relative Cartesian coordinates
needed to draw the following object.
@0,30@40,0
@0,-20
@20,0
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Problem 1-1: Relative coordinates Fill in the relative Cartesian coordinates
needed to draw the following object.
@0,30@40,0
@0,-20
@20,0
@0,-10
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Problem 1-1: Relative coordinates Fill in the relative Cartesian coordinates
needed to draw the following object.
@0,30@40,0
@0,-20
@20,0
@0,-10
@-60,0
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Problem 1-1: Relative coordinates Fill in the relative Polar coordinates
needed to draw the following object.
How do we draw this line?
@30<90
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Problem 1-1: Relative coordinates Fill in the relative Polar coordinates
needed to draw the following object.
@40<0@30<90
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Problem 1-1: Relative coordinates Fill in the relative Polar coordinates
needed to draw the following object.
@40<0@20<-90
@30<90
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Problem 1-1: Relative coordinates Fill in the relative Polar coordinates
needed to draw the following object.
@40<0 @20<0@30<90
@20<-90
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Problem 1-1: Relative coordinates Fill in the relative Polar coordinates
needed to draw the following object.
@40<0 @20<0
@10<-90
@30<90
@20<-90
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Problem 1-1: Relative coordinates Fill in the relative Polar coordinates
needed to draw the following object.
@40<0 @20<0
@60<180
@30<90
@20<-90
@10<-90
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Problem 1-2
Scale
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Problem 1-2: Scale Using the ruler provided, determine the
scale that should be indicated on the drawing for the following objects.
1:1
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Problem 1-2: Scale Using the ruler provided, determine the
scale that should be indicated on the drawing for the following objects.
1:2
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Problem 1-2: Scale Using the ruler provided, determine the
scale that should be indicated on the drawing for the following objects.
4:5