chapter 1 introduction to computer repair. certifications certifications may substitute for...
TRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER REPAIR
CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER REPAIR
CERTIFICATIONS
• Certifications
• May substitute for experience
• May get them an interview
• Shows they know the basic information for the job
• Does not demonstrate ability to think logically, troubleshoot problems, or deal with people in a professional manner
• Validates experienced technicians proficiency and up-to-date knowledge
A+ CERTIFICATION & COMP TIA
• Computing Technology Industry Association (CompTIA)
• Created in 1982 from representatives of five microcomputer dealerships.
• The A+ certification demonstrates competency as a computer technician. They have many more certifications
• The A+ Certification is a non-vendor specific industry standard certification.
• Does not guarantee someone a job
• Is required by a lot of companies and agencies
• Consists of two exams
• 220-701 A+ Essentials
• 220-702 IT Technician
• CompTIA states that it measures competencies for an IT professional with at least 1000 hours of hands-on experience in the lab or field.
PRELIMINARY SAFETY NOTES
Turn off and unplug the computer when taking the computer apart, installing parts, removing parts, or performing preventive maintenance.
Computer PowerComputer PowerPower Supply
and CRT MonitorPower Supply
and CRT Monitor
Do not take these
components apart without
specific training. They
hold a charge and can
hurt you.
© 2012 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
Explore qualities of a good computer support personQualities
Parts
Ports
Discover the major parts of the computer
Identify ports seen on a computer
OVERVIEW
© 2012 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
Technician QualitiesTechnician Qualities
Active listening
Good, positive attitude
Active listening
Good, positive attitude
Know technical terms, but explain in easy to understand words
Know technical terms, but explain in easy to understand words
HumblenessHumbleness
A GOOD TECHNICIAN…
TRAITS OF A TECH
• Dependable
• Responsible
• Adapt
• Versitle
• Sensitive
SAFETY OF THE COMPUTER
• Electrostatic Discharge
• Anti-Static Tools
• Wrist strap
• Anti-static mat
• Anti-static bag
• And don’t drop the computer!
BEGINNING TERMS
HardwareHardware
Software Software
FirmwareFirmware
The physical components • Case, keyboard, power supply, mouse
Operating systems such as Windows 7, Red Hat Linux, Snow Leopard
A combination of hardware and software such as chips on an adapter (hardware) that contain software to control and customize the adapter or the BIOS on the motherboard.
Applications such as Adobe Acrobat and Microsoft PowerPoint
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE INTERACTION
• Notice how the operating system communicates with hardware through the kernel and the operating system.
• Another way the operating system communicates with hardware is directly through the BIOS (which is not shown).
• This is especially important for integrated components inside the computer.
• What’s the BIOS?
HOW THE PC WORKS
• Interaction of RAM, Processor and Hard-Drive
• What does the OS do?
• Memory management
• File management
• Process management
• What is a device driver?
• User Interface
• Utilities
BASIC COMPUTER PARTS
BASIC COMPUTER PARTS
BASIC LAPTOP PARTS
BASIC LAPTOP PARTS
DC power port
Media bay
BASIC MOTHERBOARD PARTS
© 2012 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
OTHER MAJOR PARTS
• Motherboard
• RAM
• Flash memory
• Expansion slots
• Adapters
• Memory
• RAM (Random Access Memory)
• Volatile or contents are gone if power is removed
• ROM (Read Only Memory)
• Contents cannot be changed
• Stores less than hard drives
BASIC PORTS
DB-25 (parallel) DB-9 (serial)
DB-15 (game)
DINs are notched/keyed
D-shell connectors are shaped like the letter D turned to the right.
VIDEO PORTS
• DVI
• Flat panel monitors, LCDs
• S-Video
• TVs, VCRs, cameras, external video devices
• 2 channel video
• VGA
• Older CRT monitors
• Lowest common denominator for all video cards
USB PORTS
• 127 devices on a single port• But your OS/controller may not
support 127 devices !!
• 1.0• 1.5 and 12Mbps
• 2.0• Plus sign (+)
• 480Mbps
• 3.0• SS (SuperSpeed)
• 5Gbps
• Mini versions available
• Converters of all types are available
USB “MINI” CONNECTORS
• Common on • Cameras
• Digital media readers
• External hard drives
• Three types• Mini-A
• Mini-B
• Mini-AB
Mini-B USB Connector
PARALLEL PORT
• Also known as a printer port
• DB-25 (25-pin) female port
• Replaced by USB
• Transmits data 8 bits at a time
SERIAL PORT
• Also known as a COM, RS-232, or asynchronous port
• DB-9 (9-pin) male port and an older DB-25 male port
• Replaced by USB (Actually also serial transmission)
• Transmits data 1 bit at a time
• If a serial port is needed such as to configure a router, a USB to serial converter can be purchased.
• This is not a simple converter but requires a device and driver
Mouse
Keyboard
KEYBOARDS AND MICE
• Wired• Mini-DIN or PS/2 port (not interchangeable)
• USB port
• Wireless
• Bluetooth
• RF
• Mouse types• Mechanical (rubber ball)
• Optical (LEDs)
• Keyboard types• Mechanical
• Cheaper, most common, more error-prone
• Capacitive• More complex design
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
• Mouse • Cleaning kits
• Optical: damp, lint-free cloth for the bottom
• Mechanical mouse ball: clean with mild detergent, rinse, and dry thoroughly. For rollers, lint-free cloth with alcohol; otherwise, fingernail, small screwdriver, straightened paper clip.
• Keyboard• Cleaning wipes
• Compressed air
• Cotton or lint-free swab between keys
• Upside down shake
WIRELESS INPUT DEVICES
• Infrared• Shorter distances and cheaper
• Radio• Interferences from other devices
• Troubleshooting• Battery
• Line of site with infrared
• Move device or transceiver
• Interference
• Device recognized by operating system
OTHER INPUT DEVICES
SOUND CARD PORTS
• Converts digital signals to sound (analog signal) and vice versa
• Can be on the motherboard or on an adapter
SOUND CARD PORTS
• Commonly have symbols that designate the purpose of the port
• Standardized colors
• Orange – Center speaker or subwoofer
• Black – Rear speaker
• Light blue – Line in
• Lime – Line out
• Pink – Microphone
• Gray – Side speaker
IEEE 1394 PORT• 63 devices can connect to a single port
(using hubs)
• Speeds of 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, and 3200Mbps
• Also called FireWire or i.Link
• Faster than USB
• Supports hot swapping
IEEE 1394 PORT
• 4-, 6-, and 9-pin connectors
• 4-pin on consumer electronics
• 6-pin on computers
• 9-pin used on 800Mbps connections
• Newer standards support RJ-45 and fiber connectors
6-pin 4-pin 9-pin
NETWORK PORTS
• Connects a computer to other computers, a network, which could include a server and a printer among other devices.
• Two types
• Ethernet
• Most common type
• RJ-45 port
• Token Ring
• Not very common
ETHERNET PORTS
• Most common
• Types
• BNC (old)
• 15-pin female D-shell (old)
• RJ-45
• Connects to UTP cable
MODEM PORTS
• A modem connects a computer to a phone line.
• Has one or two RJ-11 ports
• A modem can be an adapter or an external device.
• The adapter has two connectors for connecting the phone cables.
• Line port has a cable that goes to the phone jack on the wall.
• Phone port has a cable that connects to a telephone.
• An external modem connects to a serial port.
• Phone cables use the same ports as the internal modem.
INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARDS
Mouse
Keyboard
CoaxS/PDIF
OpticalS/PDIF
IEEE1394
2 USBports
Mini-IEEE1394
(FireWire)
2 USBports
RJ-45NIC
RJ-45NIC
2 USBports
2 USBports
6 audioports
Center speakerRear speakerSide speaker
Line in Line out Microphone
© 2012 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
Gets data to the port faster than if the port was on an adapter
Saves on the number of expansion
slots needed or used
Easier to troubleshoot and support
PROS OF INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARDS
© 2012 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
May have ports you
don’t need or want
You have to add an adapter or replace the
motherboard. What if there is not an available
slot?
The port may not be as high
a quality as an adapter
you might buy
CONS OF INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARDS
DOCKING STATION
• A docking station allows a laptop to be more like a desktop computer.
• Commonly has connections to a monitor, printer, keyboard, and mouse
PORT REPLICATOR
• Similar to a docking station
• Does not include any expansion slots or drive storage bays.
• Attaches to the laptop and allows external devices such as monitor, keyboard, and mouse to be connected.
• A port replicator is for quick & easily taking your laptop on the go, a dock station is to make it like a desktop computer
© 2012 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
PORT ROUND-UP
QUESTIONS???QUESTIONS???