chapter 11: sculpture and installation - … fin rev.pdfpart four chapter 11: sculpture and...

PART FOUR

Chapter 11: Sculpture and Installation

Sculpture methods covered in this

chapter include:

• Modeling (additive)

• Assembling (additive)

• Carving (subtractive)

• Casting (involves a mold)

© 2013, McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

• terra cotta

• mold

• lost-wax process

• “in the round”

• low relief (bas-relief)

• high relief

• contrapposto

• installation

• earthwork

• time-based work


Key Terms for this chapter include:

Sculpture and Installation

Sculpture involves works of art dealing with three-dimensional space.

Three-dimensional involves:

Height, Width, and Depth

“In the round”: Freestanding artwork that can be viewed from any angle; completed on all sides.


Maman, Louise Bourgeois, 1999,

bronze cast

Sculpture In relief, forms project from but remain attached to a background surface; meant to be viewed frontally.

• Low Relief: Also called bas-relief; figures project only slightly from the background.

• High Relief: Forms dramatically project from the background by generally at least half their depth.


Insert visual(s).

Suggestion: 11.3 Durga Fighting the Buffalo Demon

Low relief (bas-relief) and High

Relief Sarcophagus lid, Mexico,

Mayan late Classical Period *Durga Fighting the Buffalo

Demon, cave, India.

MODELING

Modeling is an additive process. The

sculptor begins with a framework or

nothing at all and adds material until the

sculpture is finished. It is a very direct

method of working.

• Clay, also known as terra cotta, is the

most common modeling material.


Insert visual(s).

Suggestion: 11.4 Figurine of a Voluptuous Lady

Figurine of a Voluptuous Lady,

Maya, 700-900, ceramic

CASTING

Casting is a very indirect method of

working. It involves a mold of some

kind into which liquid or semi liquid

is poured and allowed to harden.

• Bronze is a common casting material.


Insert visual(s).

Suggestion: 11.5 The Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara

CASTING The lost-wax process is the most common method

for casting. The wax original is destroyed in the

process making each sculpture cast unique.


Bodhisattva, India, 12thc,

Pala Dynasty

Micael Jackson and Bubbles,

Jeff Koons, 1988, ceramic

Daylight,

Rachel Whiteread, 2010,

Resin.

CARVING

In carving the sculptor begins with a block

of material and cuts, chips, and gouges

away until the form emerges. It is a

subtractive process.

• Wood and stone are the principal

materials historically used for this process.


Insert visual(s).

Suggestion: 11.9 Virgin and Child on the Crescent Moon

Virgin and Child on the

Crescent Moon, 1495,

Limewood *Colossal Head,Olmec,

1500-300, Basalt

ASSEMBLING

In assembling, individual pieces,

segments, or objects are brought

together to form a sculpture. It is an

additive process.


Insert visual(s).

Suggestions:

11.11 Cubi XII

11.13 C.F.A.O.

Cubi XII, 1963, Stainless

Steel, 1963

C.F.A.O., Martin Puryear,

2006-7. Pine and found

wheelbarrow

*Conjoined,

Roxy Paine, 2007. Stainless steel and concrete

Sculpture: The Human Figure

The human figure is a basic subject

for sculpture throughout time.

• Contrapposto: Meaning counterpoise

or counterbalance; sets the body in a

gentle S-shaped curve that implies

the potential for human motion.


Insert visual(s).

Suggestion: 11.20 Apoxyomenos (Scraper)

Menkaure and Khamerenebty, Egypt, 2490-

2473 BC

*The Burghers of Calais,

Auguste Rodin, 1884-85, Bronze

Kuya Preaching, Kamakura period,

before 1207

Spirit Spouse, Ivory Coast , early 20th

century, wood

Apoxyomenos,

(Scraper),Roman copy of

Lyssipos, 320, marble

*Dying Slave, Michelangelo, 1535-16

Contrapossto – slight

weight shift (from Greeks)

Quantum Cloud XX (tornado), Anthony Gormley,

2000, stainless steel

Working with Time and Place

Human beings also sculpt the

landscape and specific environments.

There are practical, religious, and

aesthetic reasons for this type of

sculpture.


Insert visual(s).

Suggestion: 11.25 Serpent Mound

Working with Time and Place

• Earthwork: A work of art made for a

specific place using natural materials

found there, especially the earth

itself.

• Installation: An artist modifies a

space in some way and asks us to

enter, explore, and experience it.


*Serpent Mound, near Locust

Grove, OH

Reconstructed Icicles, Andy

Goldsworthy, 1995

Fireflies on the Water, Yayoi Kusama,

2002, 150 lights and water

*Red Room, (Child), Louise Bourgeois, Installation, 1994

*The Gates,Christo and Jeanne-Claude,

2/12-17/05, Installation in Central Park

Sculpture and Installation: Summary

Sculpture Methods

Modeling Assembling

Carving Casting

Key Terms

terra cotta

mold

lost-wax process

“in the round”

low and high relief


contrapposto

installation

earthwork

time-based work

chapter 11: sculpture and installation - … fin rev.pdfpart four chapter 11: sculpture and...

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