Chapter 19 –

The Irish (Celts)

& the Anglo-Saxons

The Irish (Celts) and the Anglo-Saxons –Notes (page 1)

• The British Isles – off the ____ coast of Europe(1) consist of __________, ______,

and many smaller islands

• The British Isles – off the west coast of Europe(1) consist of __________, ______,

and many smaller islands

• The British Isles – off the west coast of Europe(1) consist of Great Britain, Ireland,

and many smaller islands

• 55 BCE – __________ invaded Great Britain(1) for next 400 years, ______ ruled

Great Britain

• 55 BCE – Julius Caesar invaded Great Britain(1) for next 400 years, ______ ruled

Great Britain

• 55 BCE – Julius Caesar invaded Great Britain(1) for next 400 years, Romans ruled

Great Britain

• 300s CE – Roman soldiers were gradually called home ____________________________

• 300s CE – Roman soldiers were gradually called home to defendagainst Germanic invasions

• 410 CE – Great Britain overrun by ________(1) _____________________ –

united to become the __________

• 410 CE – Great Britain overrun by barbarians(1) _____________________ –

united to become the __________

• 410 CE – Great Britain overrun by barbarians(1) Angles, Saxons, and Jutes –

united to become the __________

• 410 CE – Great Britain overrun by barbarians(1) Angles, Saxons, and Jutes –

united to become the Anglo-Saxons

(2) southern part of Britain – became known as _______________

(2) southern part of Britain – became known as Angleland _______

(2) southern part of Britain – became known as Angleland (England)

Celtic Ireland

• During _____ rule in _____, there was a conquered people called the ____ –maintained their own distinctive culture

Celtic Ireland

• During Roman rule in Britain, there was a conquered people called the ____ –maintained their own distinctive culture

Celtic Ireland

• During Roman rule in Britain, there was a conquered people called the Celts –maintained their own distinctive culture

• When the _______________ (410 CE), most of the ____ fled to ______(1) _____ became the center of

____ culture

• When the Anglo-Saxons came (410 CE), most of the Celts fled to ______(1) _____ became the center of

____ culture

• When the Anglo-Saxons came (410 CE), most of the Celts fled to Ireland(1) _____ became the center of

____ culture

• When the Anglo-Saxons came (410 CE), most of the Celts fled to Ireland(1) Ireland became the center of

Celtic culture

• Why was Ireland able to remain free of Germanic attacks?___________________(1) it offered _______________

______(2) it attracted ________________

______________

• Why was Ireland able to remain free of Germanic attacks?___________________(1) it offered _______________

______(2) it attracted ________________

______________

Quad

time!

• Why was Ireland able to remain free of Germanic attacks?Because it was an island(1) it offered _______________

______(2) it attracted ________________

______________

• Why was Ireland able to remain free of Germanic attacks?Because it was an island(1) it offered safety, peace, and

security(2) it attracted ________________

______________

• Why was Ireland able to remain free of Germanic attacks?Because it was an island(1) it offered safety, peace, and

security(2) it attracted merchants, scholars,

monks, and artists

• Ireland had no cities(1) people divided into ____ that

lived in small _____

• Ireland had no cities(1) people divided into ____ that

lived in small villages

• Ireland had no cities(1) people divided into clans that

lived in small villages

• Saint _____(1) converted the Irish people to

_________ (400s CE) and set up many new _______

• Saint _____(1) converted the Irish people to

Christianity (400s CE) and set up many new churches

• Saint Patrick(1) converted the Irish people to

Christianity (400s CE) and set up many new churches

• Center of Celtic culture / Irish life was the ________(1) ________ – community where

____ (Christian men) lived(2) ____ – leader of a monastery

• Center of Celtic culture / Irish life was the monastery(1) monastery – community where

monks (Christian men) lived(2) abbot – leader of a monastery

Jim Abbott

• Irish Church(1) followed rules of _____ instead

of Pope – Why? __________

_____________________________________

• Irish Church(1) followed rules of abbots instead

of Pope – Why? __________

_____________________________________

• Irish Church(1) followed rules of abbots instead

of Pope – Why? __________

_____________________________________

Quad

time!

• Irish Church(1) followed rules of abbots instead

of Pope – Why? Ireland lostcontact with Rome during

the Germanic invasions

(2) each monastery was very _________ (did not follow the same rituals as the ___________)

(2) each monastery was very _________ (did not follow the same rituals as the Roman Church)

(2) each monastery was very independent (did not follow the same rituals as the Roman Church)

(3) monks did many different things(a) some left monasteries and

became ______

(3) monks did many different things(a) some left monasteries and

became ______

(3) monks did many different things(a) some left monasteries and

became hermits

(3) monks did many different things(a) some left monasteries and

became hermits

(b) others became _________* left Ireland to _____________

__________________* _________ – set up monastery

on ___

(b) others became _________* left Ireland to preach, convert,

set up new monasteries* _________ – set up monastery

on ___

(b) others became missionaries* left Ireland to preach, convert,

set up new monasteries* _________ – set up monastery

on ___

(b) others became missionaries* left Ireland to preach, convert,

set up new monasteries* _________ – set up monastery

on Iona

(b) others became missionaries* left Ireland to preach, convert,

set up new monasteries* St. Columba – set up monastery

on Iona

(c) many went to teach in ___________ schools

(c) many went to teach in Charlemagne’s schools

Quick LinersCan you think of a top-notch Quick Liner that Mr. Mellor can use in his classes next year.

Business• Hand-backs (including gladiator projects)

• Schedule for the rest of the week

• Middle Ages Quarter Test – Monday

In-class Quiz

(1) What are the 2 biggest islands

of the British Isles?

(2) What German tribes overran

Great Britain in 410 CE after

the Roman soldiers were

called home?

(3) What is the name of the group

of people who fled Great

Britain for Ireland around

410 CE?

(4) What is the name of the man

who converted the Irish to

Christianity?

(5) During the Early Middle Ages,

what was the center of Celtic

culture and Irish life?

(6) What is the name of the monk

who set up a monastery on

Iona and converted countless

people from the British Isles?

The Irish (Celts) and the Anglo-Saxons –Notes (page 2)

Anglo-Saxon England

• At first, the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of Britain followed ______ religions –this began to change in 597 CE

Anglo-Saxon England

• At first, the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of Britain followed German religions –this began to change in 597 CE

• 597 CE – ___________ sent a monk named _______ to England(1) goal – ___________________

_________

Pope Gregory I

• 597 CE – Pope Gregory I sent a monk named _______ to England(1) goal – ___________________

_________

Pope Gregory I

• 597 CE – Pope Gregory I sent a monk named Augustine to England(1) goal – ___________________

_________

Pope Gregory I

• 597 CE – Pope Gregory I sent a monk named Augustine to England(1) goal – convert Anglo-Saxons to

Christianity

Pope Gregory I

(2) Augustine later became ___________________ (this position became the most important church position in England)

St. Augustine

of Canterbury

(2) Augustine later became Archbishop of Canterbury (this position became the most important church position in England)

St. Augustine

of Canterbury

• By 700 CE, most people in England had _______ to _________(1) still, the Anglo-Saxons kept much

of their old culture – told legends about ___________________________________

• By 700 CE, most people in England had _______ to Christianity(1) still, the Anglo-Saxons kept much

of their old culture – told legends about ___________________________________

• By 700 CE, most people in England had converted to Christianity(1) still, the Anglo-Saxons kept much

of their old culture – told legends about ___________________________________

• By 700 CE, most people in England had converted to Christianity(1) still, the Anglo-Saxons kept much

of their old culture – told legends about brave warriors fightingmonsters and dragons

(a) ______ – ___ poem – masterpiece of Anglo-Saxon literature

(a) Beowulf – ___ poem – masterpiece of Anglo-Saxon literature

(a) Beowulf – epic poem – masterpiece of Anglo-Saxon literature

Quick LinersCan you think of a top-notch Quick Liner that Mr. Mellor can use in his classes next year.

• _____________(1) 835 CE – ____ (_____) began

attacking the coast of England(2) 871 CE – English kingdoms

chose _____________ to lead the resistance

• _____________(1) 835 CE – Danes (_____) began

attacking the coast of England(2) 871 CE – English kingdoms

chose _____________ to lead the resistance

• _____________(1) 835 CE – Danes (Vikings) began

attacking the coast of England(2) 871 CE – English kingdoms

chose _____________ to lead the resistance

• _____________(1) 835 CE – Danes (Vikings) began

attacking the coast of England(2) 871 CE – English kingdoms

chose _____________ to lead the resistance

• Alfred the Great(1) 835 CE – Danes (Vikings) began

attacking the coast of England(2) 871 CE – English kingdoms

chose Alfred the Great to lead the resistance

Alfred the Great

(a) English were eventually able to _____________________ – not quite strong enough to ______________

(a) English were eventually able to defeat the Danes in battle – not quite strong enough to ______________

(a) English were eventually able to defeat the Danes in battle – not quite strong enough to kick theDanes out

• Alfred signed a _____ with the Danes –Danes got their own section of England called ______

• Alfred signed a treaty with the Danes –Danes got their own section of England called ______

• Alfred signed a treaty with the Danes –Danes got their own section of England called Danelaw

(c) 886 CE – Alfred captured _____ and made it his capital – soon recognized as ____________

(c) 886 CE – Alfred captured London and made it his capital – soon recognized as ____________

(c) 886 CE – Alfred captured London and made it his capital – soon recognized as king of England

• The Government of Anglo-Saxon England(1) _________ – led by ______(2) ________ – set up by ______

• The Government of Anglo-Saxon England(1) central gov’t – led by ______(2) ________ – set up by ______

• The Government of Anglo-Saxon England(1) central gov’t – led by the king(2) ________ – set up by ______

• The Government of Anglo-Saxon England(1) central gov’t – led by the king(2) local gov’ts – set up by _______

• The Government of Anglo-Saxon England(1) central gov’t – led by the king(2) local gov’ts – set up by the king

(a) kingdom broken up into districts called _____ (still exist)

(b) each shire was run by a _____

(a) kingdom broken up into districts called shires (still exist)

(b) each shire was run by a _____

(a) kingdom broken up into districts called shires (still exist)

(b) each shire was run by a sheriff

• The People of Anglo-Saxon England(1) English people divided up into two

groups or classes(a) _____ (landowners)(b) ______ (workers)

• The People of Anglo-Saxon England(1) English people divided up into two

groups or classes(a) nobles (landowners)(b) ______ (workers)

• The People of Anglo-Saxon England(1) English people divided up into two

groups or classes(a) nobles (landowners)(b) peasants (workers)