CHAPTER 21CHAPTER 21

Progressivism at High Tide,

1909 - 1914

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Taft’s Conservative PresidencyTaft’s Conservative Presidency

Taft takes passive role as president Payne-Aldrich Tariff illustrates continuing

problems Taft fights some Roosevelt conservation policies

Fired Pinchot

Roosevelt returns to United States in 1910 Considered Republican Party to be off course Proposed New Nationalism

Progressive VictoriesProgressive Victories

Alice Paul and followers push for woman suffrage amendment

Supporters of prohibition also wanted an amendment Anti-Saloon League Woman's Christian Temperance League

Opposition grows to immigration from southern and eastern Europe

Child labor reform dominates concerns over children

Labor Protest in a Changing Labor Protest in a Changing WorkplaceWorkplace

Larger corporations and factories distance workers from management Scientific management

Some corporations try paternalism to fight unions National Association of Manufacturers Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

Serious strikes affect country Ludlow Massacre

Taft’s “dollar diplomacy”

Industrial America,

1900-1920

Struggle between Roosevelt and Struggle between Roosevelt and TaftTaft

Roosevelt loses nomination to Taft Republican National Committee awards contested votes

to Taft TR forms Progressive Party

Woodrow Wilson becomes Democratic candidate Wilson campaigns on “New Freedom” Wilson received 42% of votes, TR 30.1%, Taft 24.0%,

Debs 6% Democrats control both Houses

Election of 1912

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Wilson’s PresidencyWilson’s Presidency

16th Amendment Underwood Tariff Bill Legislation establishes Federal Reserve System

to regulate America’s money supply Clayton Anti-Trust Act Federal Trade Commission established to

regulate trusts Social reform is not one of Wilson’s priorities

Social and Cultural Change During Social and Cultural Change During the Wilson Yearsthe Wilson Years

Cultural changes accelerate, with Henry Ford’s mass production and generous wages holding down unionism

Electricity becomes more widespread, changing patterns of life

Wright Brothers (1903) Titanic (1912) Art and literature mirror social ferment

Dreiser, Mencken, and Croly Americans make use of new leisure time

“Jack” Johnson Motion pictures

New Freedom DiplomacyNew Freedom Diplomacy

Wilson lacked international experience Mexican Revolution

Victoriano Huerta and Venustiano Carranza USS Dolphin Porfirio Diaz

Post-revolution immigration from Mexico changes face of Southwest

Colonial Possessions, 1900

United States Presence in Latin America, 1895-1934

Panama Canal Zone, 1914

World War IWorld War I

Triple Alliance Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated by

Serbians, June 28,1914 Austria pressures Serbia, each of their allies respond General war by August of 1914

Americans unprepared for the events in Europe

Europe on the Eve of World War I

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Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions

What sort of president was William Howard Taft? Was his administration successful?

Examine the Election of 1912. What were the differences between New Freedom and New Nationalism?

How would you evaluate Woodrow Wilson’s performance on domestic policy issues? On foreign policy issues?

What were the causes of World War I? What part did alliances and nationalism pay?