chapter 3, assessment for psychodiagnosis
DESCRIPTION
PSY 266, Abnormal Psychology. Chapter 3, Assessment for Psychodiagnosis. “…the process of gathering information and drawing conclusions about the traits, skills, abilities, mental functioning, and psychological problems of the individual, generally for use in developing a diagnosis.”. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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CHAPTER 3, ASSESSMENT FOR PSYCHODIAGNOSIS
PSY 266, Abnormal Psychology
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ASSESSING ABNORMAL BEHAVIOR
• “…the process of gathering information and drawing conclusions about the traits, skills, abilities, mental functioning, and psychological problems of the individual, generally for use in developing a diagnosis.”
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TOOLS FOR ASSESSMENT The process:
Observe Interview Neurological tests Psych. Tests and inventories
Which must be….
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• All of these “Assessments” must be…• Reliable – measures same way each time
– Test-rest reliability (same person twice)– Internal consistency (split-half )– Interrater reliability (different raters – same score?)
• Valid – does it measure what it CLAIMS to measure?
– Predictive? (of the future)– Criterion related? (really measuring something
else?)– Construct? (correlate with other tests?)
• Standardized (same administration/same comparison group)(your “assessment”)
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OBSERVATIONS Controlled (in lab or office) Naturalistic (school, office,
home) Include interviews Reactivity might occur (observer
should be objective and unobtrusive.)
Reliable?Valid?
Standardized?
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INTERVIEWS
Structured (checklist) Unstructured (e.g. Psych
Eval ) Questions Observations Tasks
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Psychological Evaluation
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PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS AND INVENTORIES
Rorschach Inkblot Test
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ANOTHER RORSCHACH
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THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST (TAT)
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ANOTHER TAT
Criticisms:
• Not standardized• Culture influences stories• Pictures tend to be negative• Based on Freud’s
“repression”
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OTHER TESTS• Sentence completion: My
mother always ________.• Draw a person:
• Self-report inventories:-- MMPI• Beck Depression Inv
entory• IQ: WISC, WAIS,
WPPSI• Stanford-Binet
Reliable? Valid?
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NEUROLOGICAL TESTS CT Scan – (x-rays) PET Scan –
(radioactive) EEG – (Brainwaves) MRI – (Magnetic Field)
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DSM-IV Shaky beginnings Allows mental health
professionals to talk to each other about patients/clients.
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PSYCH EVAL Five Axes from the DSM-IV Also look for Co-morbidity -more
than one Axis I, II, III disorders Severity of the disorder Remission
ProblemsLabels peopleCould lead to incorrect treatmentSelf-fulfilling prophecy (if patient doesn’t have)ignores how well a person functions
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Psychological Evaluation