chapter 5 enviroment overview

7/29/2019 Chapter 5 Enviroment Overview

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EMS 1

EMS and ISO14000


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EMS 2

Overview

EMS Environment Management System

ISO14000

a series of standards framework for managingenvironmental obligations specification andguidance voluntary in nature

Startenvironmental policyplanningimplementationchecking and correctiveactionmanagement reviewback to start


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EMS 3

What is EMS?

Key elements

Initial review of environmental aspects

Identification of Legal Requirements

Commitment and Environmental Policy

Training Implementation

Checking and Corrective Action

System Audits

Management Review

Environment Management System(EMS)

A system to control the companys activities, productsand processes that causes, or could cause, environmental

impacts and in doing so to minimize the environmentalimpacts of its operation.


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EMS 4

EMS Benefits

Waste is sign of inefficiency and lower

operating cost are a direct consequence of waste

minimum or energy efficiency programs.

Implementing an EMS assists companies to

identify opportunities to reduce raw material,

utility and waste disposal costs.

This will make a direct positive contribution toyour company's profits.


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EMS 5

What is ISO 14001?

ISO 14001 is the international standard forEnvironmental Management System derived fromthe British Standard BS7750. This internationalstandard helps you establish an EnvironmentalManagement System.

Aims to support environmental protection and theprevention of pollution in harmony with socio-economic need.

Intended to be applicable to all type and size oforganization and to accommodate diverse

geographical, cultural and social condition. Stress on continuous improvement by using PDCA

system.

A series of international standards forenvironmental management.


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EMS 6

ISO 14000 families

ISO 14001 EMS - Specification with Guidance for Use

ISO 14004 EMS - General Guidelines on Principles, Systems and

Supporting Techniques

ISO 14010

Guidelines for Environmental Auditing - General Principles on

Environmental Auditing

ISO 14011

Guidelines for Environmental Auditing - Audit Procedures -

Auditing of Environmental Management Systems

ISO 14012

Guidelines for Environmental Auditing - Qualification Criteria for

Environmental Auditors


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EMS 7

concepts of ISO14000

Stress on continuous improvement by using

PDCA system.

PLAN: Understand issues, set goals, plan actions

DO: Implement activities and processes to achieve

your goals

CHECK: Monitor, measure, & audit the EMS

ACT: Continually improve the system

PLAN DO CHECK ACT


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EMS 8

Benefits of ISO 14001

Minimizing trade barriers and related complications

Increasing company competitiveness

Supporting a worldwide focus on environmental management

Reducing cost of waste management

Lowering consumption of energy and materials

Reducing distribution costs

Improving corporate image among regulators, customers and the

public

Creating a framework for continuous improvement of yourenvironmental performance

Allowing a single management system and process


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EMS 9

Benefits of company having ISO

14001 certificate

MaterialLab

Though this programme, actual savings on energy,

paper and water consumptions have been achieved, in

addition to better controls over management ofchemicals and other dangerous goods.

PHILIPS

Obtain good results by means of applying ISO14001

because they have really done something effectivethese years in reducing wastes/costs and making

contribution to environmental protection.


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EMS 10

ISO14000


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EMS 11

ISO 14001 Structure

ManagementReview

Planning

Environmental Aspects

Legal / Other Requirement

Objectives and Targets

Environmental

Management Program

Checking /Corrective Action

Monitoring and Measurement

Nonconformance and Corrective

and Preventive Action

Records

EMS Audits

Start

Implementation

Structure and Responsibility

Training, Awareness, Competence

Communication

EMS documentation

Document Control

Operational Control

* Emergency Preparedness

/ Response

ContinualImprovement !

EnvironmentalPolicy

4

7

4

11


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EMS 12

Key elements of ISO 14001 system

requirements

(17 elements of ISO 14001)

General Requirements (section 1)

Environmental Policy (section 2.1)

Planning (section 2.2)

2. Environmental aspect3. Legal / other requirement

4. Objectives and targets

5. Environmental management

program

Implementation and Operation

(section 2.3)6. Structure and responsibility

7. Training, awareness, competence

8. Communication

9. EMS document

10. Documental control

11. Operational control

12. Emergency preparedness /response

Checking and CorrectiveAction (section 2.4)

13. Monitoring and measurement

14. Nonconformance andcorrective and preventiveAction

15. Records

16. EMS audits

Management Review


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EMS 13

ISO 14001: Planning

2.1 Environmental Policy

2.2 Planning

2.2.1 Environmental Aspects2.2.2 Legal and other requirement

2.2.3 Objectives and Targets

2.2.4 Environmental Management Program


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EMS 14

1. Environmental Policy

Environmental policy shall be established anddocumented to ensure that it is:-

appropriate to the organization (company size and its

environment impact)Commit to CI and pollution prevention

Commit to comply with legislation and regulation

Provide framework for setting and reviewing objectiveand targets

communicated to all employee

available to the public


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EMS 15

Environmental Policy cont.

A commitment from senior management

A recognition of responsibilities

A commitment to train employees

A commitment to reduce environmental effects(aspects/impacts)

The Policy should be accessible by the Companys

employees, customers, suppliers, contractors and General

Public.


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EMS 16

2. Environmental Aspects

Identify environmental aspects that organization can control overwhich it can have an influence

Identify those aspects which have significant impact to environment

Assess the significance of the aspects

Consider those significant aspects during setting environmentalobjective

Keep this information up-to-date

Possible consideration when evaluating environmental aspects Air emission

Solid and hazardous wastes

Contamination of land Raw material and resources use

Local issues raised by the community such as noise, dust etc

Water pollution


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EMS 17

Environmental Aspects and Impacts

Environmental Aspects

Controlled or uncontrolled emissions to atmosphere

Controlled or uncontrolled discharge of water

Generation of solid, liquid and other wastes

Use of natural resources.

Environmental Impacts

Contamination of air , water or land.

Depletion of non renewable resources (e.g. energy and

material)Noise nuisance

Effects on human health e.g. respiratory illnesses

Effects on Flora and Fauna, e.g. dead fishes in river


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EMS 18

Examples of Environmental Effects

Energy use

Water use (discharge)

Raw materials

Emissions/discharges

Waste management (Disposal)

Transport & distribution

Packaging


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EMS 19

Classification of Environmental

Effects

Direct: T he immediate result of actions by thecompany

Indirect: effects that occur upstream (suppliers)or downstream ( customers)


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EMS 20

Life cycle phases

Primary production

Manufacture

UseEnd of Life

Related issue: transportation & Packaging


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EMS 21

What determines Significant

Environmental Effects?

Is it controlled by legislation?

Has it got the potential to cause

demonstrable damage to the environment? Is it of concern to interested parties (e,g.

Regulators, local residents, customers,

shareholders)?


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EMS 22

3 Legal and other requirement

documented procedures shall be maintained for

identifying and accessing the legal and other requirements

that apply to organization, that are applicable to the

environmental aspects of its activities, products orservices.

Points to consider during implementation

A register of all relevant environment legislation and regulation

shall be compiled

This register shall be kept up-to-date and regularly reviewed

This register shall directly link identified legislation or regulation

to your activities, products or process


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EMS 23

4 Objectives and Targets

Documented environmental objectives and target

At each relevant functions and level within theorganization in considering the following:

Legal requirements Significant environment aspects

Technology option

Financial, operation and business requirement

Views of interest parties Consistent with environmental policy, including the

commitment to prevention of pollution


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EMS 24

Setting Objectives and Targets

Objectives are broad goals to reduce

environmental impacts arising from the

Environmental policy and a knowledge of the

companys Environmental Effects.

Targets are detailed and specific performance

improvement requirements for quantified

reductions within a specified time frame.


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EMS 25

Environmental Objectives and Target

example

Objectives Targets

Reduce energy use Reduce electricity use by 10% by 2002

Reduce natural gas use by 15% by 2002

Reduce usage of hazardouschemicals

Eliminate use of CFC by 1997Reduce use of high-VOC paints by 25%

Reduce hazardous waste generation Reduce chrome wastes in plating area by50% in 1998

Improve employee awareness of

environmental issues

To held monthly awareness training

coursesTrain 100% of employees by end of the

year

Improve compliance with wastewater /

discharge permit limitsZero permit limit violations by the

end of 1997


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EMS 26

Opportunities for Reducing

Environmental Effects.(1)

Variety reduction and substitution:

for example, how many different chemicals are used on

site? Can their use be eliminated or at least rationalized?

Can less harmful products be substituted for moreharmful products?

Cooling water:

can recycling be introduced? If there is a cost for this,

how quickly might it pay back investment by reducedconsumption / discharge costs?


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EMS 27



Is the benefit of natural lighting maximized? Are low

energy lamps installed? Is there an intelligent lighting

management system?

Is office equipment fitted with effective sleep orpower save devices?

Is the ambient temperature managed effectively b

controlled heating or air conditioning that minimizes

energy consumption?


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EMS 28



How is waste managed? Is effective

segregation practiced and is best use/value

obtained from any waste?

How is packaging handled? Do suppliers use

reusable packaging and if they do, is it

returned? If they do not , could they be

encouraged to introduce returnable packaging?


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EMS 29



I s car sharing promoted by the company?

If off-site meetings are required, can they be

organized to minimize journeys and mileage

traveled?

Id ifi i f G & S ifi


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EMS 30

Identification of Groups & Specific

Opportunities for Environmental

improvements? Office

Design

Manufacture

Procurement


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EMS 31

Office

Reduce variety

Reduce consumption of energy and water

Reduce waste and manage any waste effectively,

Consider opportunities for reduction and reuse

before disposal.


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EMS 32

Design

Reduce variety and volume.

Identify opportunities for reuse or recycling of

components or (through the supply chain) materials,

Seek solutions that reduce/eliminate hazardous materials,go beyond currently targeted (mandated) materials.

Provide effective designs & procedures for maintenance

and life-extension.

Be aware of the end of life implications for productdismantling and disposal.


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EMS 33

Manufacture

Opportunities arise from effective and

efficient procedures and processes.

Effective schedulingQC procedures that avoid scrap and rework

Effective energy management and efficient

processes and practices.

Target consumables to eliminate where

possible or at least minimize consumption.


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EMS 34

Procurement

A company cannot be environmentallyresponsible unless its suppliers are alsoenvironmentally proactive;

Do suppliers have ISO 14001? Do they manage transportation and packaging

effectively?

Are they keen to work in partnership with you toreduce environmental effects?

Do they produce more than just a product, for e.g. aservice that recovers waste?


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EMS 35

5. Environmental management

program Program shall be established and

maintained for achievingenvironmental objectives and

targets. It shall include: Designation of responsibility for

achieving objective and targets

Means and time frame for achievingthose objectives and targets

Program shall be modified when Objective and target is added or

amended

Product, process and service is added orchanged

Objective and

Targets established

Environmental

Management

Program defined

Monitoring and

Measurement


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EMS 36

ISO 14001: Planning

2.3 Implementation and Operation

2.3.1 Structure and responsibility

2.3.2 Training, Awareness and Competency

2.3.3 Communication

2.3.4 Environmental Management System

documentation

2.3.5 Document Control

2.3.6 Operation Control

2.3.7 Emergency Preparedness and response


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EMS 37

6. Structure and responsibility

For EMS to be effect, rolesand responsibility andauthorities shall be clearlydefined and communicated

Adequate resources shall beprovided by management toimplement and control theEMS. Resources include:

Human resources

Specialize skills

Technology

Financial resources

A ManagementRepresentative shall beappointed to

Ensure that the EMS is

established andimplemented

Reporting on the EMSperformance over time totop management forreview and as a basis for

improvement


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EMS 38

7. Training, awareness,

competence The training needs of staff who may create a significant

impact upon the environment shall be defined

Documented procedure shall maintained to ensure staff beaware of:

EMS requirement, environmental policy and procedure

Significant environmental impact, actual or potential, or theirwork activit4es and the environmental benefits of improved

personal performance

Their role and responsibilities

Potential risk of departure form specified operation procedure

Staff shall be competent on the basis on appropriateeducation, training and/or experience


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EMS 39

8. Communication

In respect to the environmental aspects and EMS, documented

procedures shall be maintained for communicating internally

(between levels and functions) soliciting, receiving, documenting and

responding to the external communications

It is required to consider process for external communication onsignificant environmental aspect and record the decision

Internal methods External methods

Newsletters Open houses

Staff meeting Focus groupsBulletin boards Press releases

Training Annual reports

advertising


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EMS 40

9. EMS document

EMS documentation requires that environmentalinformation is maintained in a form that

Describes the core elements of EMS (and how these

elements related to each other), and Provides direction to related documentation

Hierarchy of EMS Documentation

Policy

EMS manual Procedure

Work Instruction

Forms, Drawing etc


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EMS 41

10. Documental control

Documented procedure shall be

maintained to control all the

documents required by

ISO14001 to ensure that

EMS documents can be located

They are periodically reviewed

and revised

Current versions are available

where need, and Obsolete documents are removed

or identified

Documents that shall

be controlled

Policy

Manual

Procedure

Work instruction

Forms and drawings

Regulation andstandard


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EMS 42

11. Operational control

Organization shall identify those operation and activitiesthat are associated with the significant environmentalaspect

Organization shall plan these activities by

Establish and maintain documented procedure to cover situationswhere the absence of procedures could lead to deviation from theenvironmental policy, objective and target

Establish operating criteria in the procedure

Establish and maintaining procedures related to the identifiable

significant environmental aspects of goods and service used bythe organizations and communicating relevant procedures andrequirements to the supplier


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EMS 43

12. Emergency preparedness /

response

Documented procedure is required to

Assessing the potential for accidents and emergencies

Preventing incidents and their associated

environmental impacts Plans for responding to incidents

Periodic testing of emergency plans/procedures

Mitigating impacts associated with these incidents


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EMS 44

ISO 14001: Checking and

improving

2.4 Checking & Improving

2.4.1 Monitoring & Measurement

2.4.2 Corrective & Preventive Action2.4.3 Records

2.4.4 EMS Audits

2.5 Management Review


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EMS 45

13 Monitoring and measurement

document procedure is required to

regularly monitor and measure key characteristics of

operation that can have significant environmental

impacts maintain record and track performance

regularly recalibrate and maintain monitoring

equipment

regularly evaluate the compliance with applicable lawsand regulations (e.g. internal audit)


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EMS 46

14. Corrective & Preventive

Action Documented procedure is required for defining

responsibility and authority for Handling and investigating NC

Taking action to mitigate any impacts caused

Initiating and completing corrective and preventive action

Corrective or preventive action taken should beappropriate to the magnitude of problems andcommensurate with the environmental impactencountered

Implement and record any changes in the documentedprocedures resulting from corrective or preventive actions


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EMS 47

15 Records

Documented procedure is required for the identification

maintenance and disposition of environmental records

Environmental records should be

Legible, identifiable and traceable to the activity, product orservice involved

Stored and maintained in a way that they are readily retrievable

and protected against damage, deterioration or loss

Keep according to the predetermined retention time

Environmental records should be maintained todemonstrate the conformance to the EMS requirement


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EMS 48

16. EMS Audits

Documented procedure is required for periodic EMSaudit to be carried out to Determine if the EMS conforms to the requirement of ISO14001

and has been properly implemented and maintained

Provide audit result information to management Audit program should be based on the environmental

importance of activity and the result of previous audit

Audit procedure should cover

Audit scope

Audit frequency

Audit methodologies

Responsibility


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EMS 49

17. Management Review

Periodical review of the EMS is required toensure the continuing suitability, adequacy andeffectiveness of the EMS

Necessary information should be provided duringMR process to enable the evaluation

MR should address the possible need for changesto policy, objectives and the EMS elements by

using the following EMS audit result

Changing circumstances situation

Commitment of continual improvement


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EMS 50

Third-Party Registration


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EMS 51

Third-Party Registration

ISO 14001 is voluntary, but ....

Customers may require conformance

Customers may use conformance as a selection criteria

ISO 14001 serves as basis of registration

May be driven by customers

Assessment by an organization independent of thecompany being assessed

Process mirrors ISO 9000 registration

by non-biased third-party that a companys system conforms with

a standard (ISO 9000, ISO 14001, etc.)

The third-party organization is a registrar and EMS is thenregistered

Approximately 700 registrations in US

Moving faster in Asia and Europe


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EMS 52

Typical EMS Registration Process

Application

Document Review (Desk Audit)

On-Site Readiness Review

On-Site Registration Audit

* Registration Determination *

On-Going Surveillance


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EMS 53

Registration Determination

Recommended for Registration

No major non-conformances identified

Recommended for Registration Following

Verification of Corrective Action

One or more major non-conformances which can be

corrected and verified without a full re-audit

Recommended for On-Site Reassessment

Several major non-conformances indicate a

breakdown of the EMS. Full on-site re-audit required


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EMS 54

Registration Process: Keys to Success

Understand ISO 14001 requirements

Conduct your own gap analysis

Define scope of certification with registrar

Discuss / document interpretations

Address language issues (if any)

Understand registrars process

Determine optimum order of sites

Communicate plans to employees


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EMS 55

Summary

ISO14000 is a series of standards

framework for managing environmental obligations

specification, guidance and voluntary in nature

ISO 14001 is achieved through

Identifying environmental aspects & impacts

Identifying legal requirements

Writing an environmental policy

Training staff and sub-contractors

Setting objectives and targets and program to improveperformance

Preparing documentation

Internal audits of the EMS

Reviewing progress


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EMS 56

Summary (2)


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EMS 57

Summary

Business Management Issues

Strategic Issues

Environmental issues must be consistent with

companys goals and objectives.

Product life cycle plan must be reassessed in

relation to their environmental implications.

Companies must identify immediate opportunities

and risks of green pressures.


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EMS 58

Operations Management issues:


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EMS 59

Case studies

CLP


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EMS 60

CLP Hong Kong Ltd

commitment to minimizing

the possible impacts of

business activities on the

environment

Independent verification of

the effectiveness of our

management systems and

processes

target to become the best in

the world


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EMS 61

Steps to develop EMS in CLP

1. Appoint A Green Manager

2. Set Up an Environmental Management System

3. Carry Out An Initial Environmental Audit

4. Define An Environmental Policy

5. Establish Environmental Objectives And

Targets


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EMS 62

(1) Appoint A Green Manager

A senior executive preferably at Director level.

Sufficient influence and authority on the management's

decision to implement the environmental policy

effectively within the organization.

Sufficient familiarity with the operations of different

departments within the organization.

Good understanding of the environmental pressures and

issues relating to the organization.


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EMS 63

Role of Green Manager

Co-ordinate and consolidate efforts from staff of differentoperations into environmental programmes

Communicate the objectives of the environmentalprogrammes to staff, and solicit their suggestions and

support Oversee the progress of environmental programmes

Ensure that good business results are achieved throughthe environmental programmes

Provide a contact point for sharing environmentalinformation with external parties


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EMS 64

(2) Set Up an EMS

A committee comprising representatives

from different functional or regional

divisions of an organization.

Under the chairmanship of the Green

Manager.

For managing the environmental issues of the

organization.


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EMS 65

(2) Set Up an EMS

Some hints on the Terms of Reference

Introduce measures to raise the levels of awareness

and involvement in environmental issues

Determine performance targets on green measures andformulate action plans

Record, review and publicize achievements

Oversee the Environmental Audits and maintain the

Environmental Management System.

(3) C O t A I iti l


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EMS 66

(3) Carry Out An Initial

Environmental Audit

A management tool to evaluate the current

environmental performance of an organization.

It is a comprehensive, systematic, documented

and objective evaluation of how well theorganization is performing in the aspects of the

followings:

Resources utilization

Regulatory compliance

Environmental management


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EMS 67

Objective of audit

The main objectives are to:

Understand the environmental effects, impacts andconsequences arising from the activities, products andservices of the organization

Evaluate compliance with regulatory requirements,company policies and accepted good practices

Identify those significant environmental impacts andconsequences

Identify areas where environmental performance canbe improved and set priorities where appropriate

Provide a documented basis for future audits

(4) Define An En ironmental


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EMS 68

(4) Define An Environmental

Policy A statement by the organization of its intentions and

principles in relation to its overall environmentalperformance which provides a framework for action andfor the setting of its environmental objectives and targets

The organization should state its commitments toregulatory compliance, prevention of pollution andcontinual improvement of environmental management

Simple and intelligible

Consistent with other organizational policies e.g. quality policy

Practical and achievable

Communicated to and supported by all staff

Importance of Environmental


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EMS 69

Importance of Environmental

Policy

Define an Environmental Policy is necessary

because a documented policy statement would :

Demonstrate the organization's commitment to

improving its environmental performance Communicate the organization's mission, vision and

beliefs towards the environment to the staff and other

interested parties

Provide a framework for guiding the organization'songoing environmental improvement efforts

(5) Establish Environmental


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EMS 70


Objectives And Targets

Environmental Objective

An overall environmental goal, arising from the

environmental policy, that an organization sets itself to

achieve, and which is quantified where practicable Environmental Target

A detailed performance requirement, quantified where

practicable, applicable to the organization or parts,

therefore, that arises from the environmentalobjectives and that needs to be set and met in order to

achieve those objectives



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EMS 71


Objectives And Targets Purpose

Translate the environmental policy to a morespecific,tangible and measurable basis forimplementation

Provide performance indicators for guiding theorganization in planning and developing theenvironmental programmes in a focused manner

Provide clear benchmarks against which to measure

the progress and success of the environmentalprogrammes over time

Provide a basis for external and internal reporting ofachievements.


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EMS 72

Summary in case study

Benefits of EMS in CLP

Control costs

Reduce risks

Gain competitive advantage Enhance image with public, customers

Step to setup an EMS1. Appoint A Green Manager

2. Set Up an Environmental Management System

3. Carry Out An Initial Environmental Audit

4. Define An Environmental Policy

5. Establish Environmental Objectives And Targets


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EMS 73

Quiz

Which of the following is not a benefit of setting upan EMS?

a. Customers requirement

b. Better Company Imagesc. Higher Credibility

d. Internationally recognized

e. Legislative compliance

f. Better cost controlg. Better risk management

h. All of above are benefits


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EMS 74

Quiz

Which of the following does not help EMS toachieve compliance

a. Policy (management committed to compliance)

b. Objectives and targets (consistent with policy)c. Allocate adequate resources

d. Ensure employees are trained / aware

e. Procedures are up-to-date & available

f. Establish and follow operational controlsg. Periodically evaluate compliance

h. Investigate and correct nonconformance

i. Ask a consultant to develop EMS document andbusiness as usual


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EMS 75

case studies

Environment Protection


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EMS 76

IT

-


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EMS 77

,,

45


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EMS 78


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EMS 79

700 300

,,


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EMS 80

1989(Basel Convention)

(Basel Convention)


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EMS 81

87

200100100Notebook100

,

How an IT company can help in


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EMS 82

How an IT company can help in

environment protection

see notes in ISO14001

1989(BaselConvention)

()

see notes in OHS18000


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EMS 83

80%


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EMS 84


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EMS 85


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EMS 86

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

7. 8.


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EMS 87


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EMS 88


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EMS 89

(%) (x1,000)97 - 23.37

98 1.19 22.26

99 29.43 19.54

()1997 15

1998 14

1999 12


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EMS 90

Case studies

New World First Bus


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EMS 91

Example: New World First Bus

Hong Kongs Green Activities:

Environmental Hotline

Green Foundation

World Environmental Day

Environmental-Friendly Bus Fleet

Environmentally Friendly Engines

Built-in CRT catalytic converter

Exhaust Gas Recirculation and fueled with ULSD

Smoke Emission Test All the buses are smoke tested every month

l ld i


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EMS 92


Green Operation Management

Programmes

Education and Training

Undertake Environmental Impact Assessment

and develop Environment Management Plan

for the depot

Environmentally Friendly Commitment

l ld i


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EMS 93


Environmentally Friendly Initiatives:

1. Double-skinned underground fuel tanks are

installed with lead detection to reduce risk of land

contamination caused by leakage

2. Installation of series of pre-treatment facilities (e.g.

oil interceptors, silt traps) to minimise

environmental impact of wastes arising from

operation

3. Use of environmentally-friendly goods where

possible, (e.g. refrigerants used in chiller plants)

E l N W ld Fi B


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4. Use of new energy efficient plant and installation

of controls to reduce excessive use of water and

electricity

5. Use of Pozilock refueling system to avoid spillage

of diesel

6. Use of recycled water in bus washing machines to

reduce resource requirements

7. Installation of state-of-the-art equipment (e.g.

collection of waste oil to centralised tanks by pipe-

work) to improve waste management.