chapter 62 nursing assessment musculoskeletal system copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, mosby, inc., an...
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Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 62-1TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 62Chapter 62
Nursing AssessmentNursing AssessmentMusculoskeletal SystemMusculoskeletal System
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Structures and Functions of the Structures and Functions of the Musculoskeletal SystemMusculoskeletal System
BoneBone FunctionFunction 1. Support1. Support 2. Protection of internal organs2. Protection of internal organs 3. Blood cell production3. Blood cell production 4. Mineral storage4. Mineral storage
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Fig. 62-1
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Structures and Functions of the Structures and Functions of the Musculoskeletal System (cont’d)Musculoskeletal System (cont’d)
JointsJoints
CartilageCartilage
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Fig. 62-2
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Fig. 62-5
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Structures and Functions of the Structures and Functions of the Musculoskeletal System (cont’d)Musculoskeletal System (cont’d)
Skeletal MuscleSkeletal Muscle
Ligaments and tendonsLigaments and tendons
FasciaFascia
BursaeBursae
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Gerontologic ConsiderationsGerontologic ConsiderationsEffects of Aging on the Musculoskeletal Effects of Aging on the Musculoskeletal
SystemSystem Decreased number of muscle cellsDecreased number of muscle cells Loss of elasticity in ligaments and cartilageLoss of elasticity in ligaments and cartilage Increased risk to cartilage erosionIncreased risk to cartilage erosion Narrowing of intervertebral spacesNarrowing of intervertebral spaces Decrease in bone densityDecrease in bone density
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Assessment of the Musculoskeletal Assessment of the Musculoskeletal SystemSystem
Subjective dataSubjective data Important health informationImportant health information
• Past health historyPast health history
• MedicationsMedications
• Surgery or other treatmentsSurgery or other treatments
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Assessment of the Musculoskeletal Assessment of the Musculoskeletal System (cont’d)System (cont’d)
Functional health patternsFunctional health patterns• Health Perception–Health Management PatternHealth Perception–Health Management Pattern
• Nutritional-Metabolic PatternNutritional-Metabolic Pattern
• Elimination PatternElimination Pattern
• Activity-Exercise PatternActivity-Exercise Pattern
• Sleep-Rest PatternSleep-Rest Pattern
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Assessment of the Musculoskeletal Assessment of the Musculoskeletal System (cont’d)System (cont’d)
Functional health patternsFunctional health patterns
• Cognitive-Perceptual PatternCognitive-Perceptual Pattern
• Self-Perception–Self-Concept PatternSelf-Perception–Self-Concept Pattern
• Role-Relationship PatternRole-Relationship Pattern
• Sexuality-Reproductive PatternSexuality-Reproductive Pattern
• Coping–Stress Tolerance PatternCoping–Stress Tolerance Pattern
• Value-Belief PatternValue-Belief Pattern
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Assessment of the Musculoskeletal Assessment of the Musculoskeletal System (cont’d)System (cont’d)
Objective dataObjective data Physical examinationPhysical examination
• InspectionInspection
• PalpationPalpation
• MotionMotion Passive ROMPassive ROM
Active ROMActive ROM
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Assessment of the Musculoskeletal Assessment of the Musculoskeletal System (cont’d)System (cont’d)
Objective dataObjective data Physical examinationPhysical examination
• Muscle-strength testingMuscle-strength testing
• MeasurementMeasurement
• OtherOther
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Fig. 62-7
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Diagnostic Studies of the Diagnostic Studies of the Musculoskeletal SystemMusculoskeletal System
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Diagnostic StudiesDiagnostic Studies
X-rayX-ray CT scanCT scan MyelogramMyelogram MRIMRI Bone mineral density measurementBone mineral density measurement Laboratory Laboratory Invasive studiesInvasive studies