chapter 6/7
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Chapter 6/7. Key Concepts. Future and Imperfect of irregular verbs Sum, esse Possum, posse Rhotacization Existential use of esse Assimilation . Endings! M/F N: ____ N: ē s G: isG: um D: īD: ibu s AC: e m AC: ē s AB: e AB: ibu s Patterns?. N - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 6/7
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Key Concepts Future and Imperfect of irregular verbs
Sum, esse Possum, posse
Rhotacization Existential use of esse Assimilation
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3rd declension--Same process as before
Endings!M/F
N: ____ N: ēsG: is G: umD: ī D: ibusAC: em AC: ēsAB: e AB: ibus
Patterns?
NN: ____ N: aG: is G: umD: ī D: ibusAC: ____ AC: aAB: e AB: ibus
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Future and Imperfect of TO BE But first…let’s review how to form future
and imperfect regular verbs
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Present: I am praising the farmers. Imperfect: I was praising the
farmers. Future: I will praise the farmers.
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To form the FUTURE indicative 1) Infinitive 2) Find stem (with theme vowel) 3) Add present infix, which is BO, BI, BU 3) Add endings
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cenō, cenāre –to eat- future active indicative
Singular
1st cenābō
2nd cenābis
3rd cenābit
Plural
Cenābimus
Cenābitis
cenābunt
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To Form the Imperfect 1) Infinitive 2) Find stem (with theme vowel) 3) Add present infix, which is BA 3) Add endings
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amō, amāre – imperfect active indicative
sing.
1st amā-ba –m
2nd amā -bā –s
3rd amā -ba -t
plural
amā -bā –mus
amā -bā -tis
amā -ba -nt
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What do we do with sum, esse in Imperfect? 1) Take stem: es- 2) Add infixes: “A” (ditch the B) 3) Add endings
Imperfect: es-a era RHOTASIZATION-when “s” is in between two vowels it goes R!
era+m eram
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eram I was erāmus We wereerās You were erātis Ya’ll wereerat He/she/it was erant They were
Ubi* puella eram, linguam latinam amābam.
When*
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What do we do with sum,esse in Future? Take stem: es- Add infixes: use “O,” “I,” “U” Add endings
Future: es-o ero RHOTASIZATION
Es-i-s eris
Es-u-nterunt
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Future of esse
erō I will be erimus We will be eris You will be eritis Ya’ll will beerit He/she/it will be erunt They will be
Discipuli boni erunt, non mali.
The students will be good, [they will not be] not bad.
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Erat/est at the beginning=story time Erat Rex in nostrā patriā, non in Graeciā.
Erat villa in periculo.
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Existential “there is/was/will be” Olim erat puella de Nantucke… “There once was a girl from Nantucket…” Erunt pericula in bello.…”There will be danger in war”
Compare to Hay en Español
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One More Verb! The verb ‘possum, posse, potuī’ Means “to be able”
Q: is this verb transitive? *Form--Combo of ‘pot’ and the forms of
‘sum’* ASSIMILATION
“s” breaks your “t-eeth” Saying potsum is too hard!possum
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Present and Imperfect of “Possum”
Present1- Possum I am Possumus We are2- Potes You are Potestis You all are3- Potest He is Possunt They are
Imperfect1- Poteram I was able Poterāmus2- Poterās Poterātis3- Poterat Poterant
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Can you guess the future?1- Potero Poterimus2- Poteris Poteritis3- Poterit Poterunt
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Complementary Inf. Q: is this verb transitive?
Possum takes a complementary inf.-- An infinitive that goes with another infinitive to complete it’s meaning
Remember debeō, debēre? Debet vocāre=he should call Potest vocāre=he can call
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Pecuniam possum habēre.
Possumus amāre linguam latinam!
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Key Concepts February 5 Third Declension
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Same process as before Endings!
M/FN: ____ N: ēsG: is G: umD: ī D: ibusAC: em AC: ēsAB: e AB: ibus
Patterns?
NN: ____ N: aG: is G: umD: ī D: ibusAC: ____ AC: aAB: e AB: ibus
Try pax, pacis-f
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Pāx, pācis-
N: Pāx PācēsG: Pācis PācumD: Pācī PācibusAC: Pācem PācēsAB: Pāce Pācibus
f. peace
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Corpus, corporis-
Nom.: Corpus CorporaGen. : Corporis CorporumDat.: Corporī CorporibusAcc: Corpus CorporaAbl.: Corpore Corporibus
n. body