chapter 7 excusive information systems and the data warehouse

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CHAPTER 7 Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse. 黃碧慧 陳慧真 辜文元. Agenda. Introduction of Executive Information Systems(EIS) pp. 247-254 黃碧慧 The Data Warehouse as a Basis for EIS pp.254-263 陳慧真 Example to EIS 辜文元. Introduction of EIS. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

CHAPTER 7 CHAPTER 7 Excusive Information Systems and tExcusive Information Systems and t

he Data WareHousehe Data WareHouse

CHAPTER 7 CHAPTER 7 Excusive Information Systems and tExcusive Information Systems and t

he Data WareHousehe Data WareHouse

黃碧慧黃碧慧陳慧真陳慧真辜文元辜文元

Page 2: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

Agenda• Introduction of Executive Information S

ystems(EIS) pp. 247-254 黃碧慧• The Data Warehouse as a Basis for EIS p

p.254-263 陳慧真• Example to EIS 辜文元

Page 3: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

Introduction of EIS• Executive Information Systems(EIS)-

from 1980• Data Warehouse- from 1990• A Notion

– Computation should be available to everyone, not just the clerical community doing day-day transactions

– A set of appealing screens– The world of computation should be

open to the Executive

Page 4: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

Introduction of EIS• About EIS

– Presentation of information with no real understanding of the infrastructure needed to create that information in the first place

– High-minded– Elegant discipline– Don’t worry about sources of data,

quality of data, currency of data and etc.

Died for lack of an infrastructure

Page 5: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

Introduction of EIS• EIS was on its way out

– data warehouse come to the infrastructure needed to support EIS

– Reappeared in many forms today, such as OLAP processing

– Reappeared in DSS applications, such as CRM

– Unlike the earliest forms of EIS

Page 6: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

EIS – The promise• EIS is one of the most potent forms

of computing• Pinpoint problems• Detect trends• Help the executive make decisions

Page 7: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

EIS – The promise• Trend analysis and detection• Key ratio indicator measurement and

tracking• Drill-down analysis• Problem monitoring• Competitive analysis• Key performance indicator

monitoring

Page 8: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

EIS – The promise• Trend analysis• Comparisons• Slice-and-dice

– Drill-down analysis

Page 9: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

EIS EIS analysis alerts the executive as to what EIS analysis alerts the executive as to what

the trends arethe trends are The executive is interested in both negative The executive is interested in both negative

and positive trendsand positive trends

Page 10: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

Trend Analysis Overall information_Trend analysisOverall information_Trend analysis

Page 11: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

Trend Analysis Deeper information_Trend analysisDeeper information_Trend analysis

Page 12: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

Comparisons ComparisonsComparisons

Page 13: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

Slice-and-Dice Drill-Down AnalysisDrill-Down Analysis

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Typical Key Performance Indicators

• Cash on hand• Customer pipeline• Length of sales cycle• Collection time• New product channel• Competitive productions

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EIS Software Support the drill-down process as long as the data Support the drill-down process as long as the data that is needed is available and is structured that is needed is available and is structured properlyproperly

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EIS Software

Page 17: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

The Constantly Changing Interests of Executives

Page 18: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

The Constantly Changing Interests of Executives

Page 19: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

The Constantly Changing Interests of Executives

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EIS Analyst Swamped• The Constantly Changing Interests of

Executives• To build the base of data needed for EIS

analysis• Each new focus of management requires an

entirely different set of data for EIS analyst

There is no infrastructure to support the

EIS environment

Page 21: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

Executive Information Executive Information SystemSystem

Case StudyCase Study -- Hospital EISHospital EIS

Executive Information Executive Information SystemSystem

Case StudyCase Study -- Hospital EISHospital EIS

指導教授指導教授 ::楊東麟楊東麟學生學生 ::辜文元辜文元

Page 22: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

Outline

• EIS Review• HEIS, Why?• CASE Study: 台中榮總 HEIS• Conclusion

Page 23: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

EIS ReviewEIS Review• EIS 乃是高階主管的絕佳管理輔助工具,它提供– 交談式的操作介面– 友善且易學易用的方式,來存取企業關鍵性的內外部資訊

– 快速產生分析報告– 整合企業內外部對於組織策略有重要影響之資訊

– 可改善高階主管的工作效率並增進決策品質

Page 24: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

HEIS, Why?HEIS, Why?

• 全民健保制度採取單一支付制度,對國內各級醫院的營運,造成極大的影響[ 楊銘欽等, 1997]

• 全民健保實施之初,有過半數的公立醫院、三分之一的私立醫院及財團法人醫院處於虧損狀態 [ 朱昭美等, 1996]

• 全民健保對醫院所造成的經營危機,與醫院本身的經營管理方法有關 [ 石美春,1995]  

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• 國內目前多數醫院之醫院資訊系統( HIS ),大多仍停留在輔助日常作業的應用上,其功能尚不足以產生輔助高階主管在制訂決策時所需的資料

作業控制

策略規劃

管理控制

生產製造

銷售物流

人力資源

研究發展

財務金融

法律安全

...

.........

中階主管

高階主管

基層人員

EIS

DSS,MIS

TPS,DPS,EDP

Page 26: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

• 導入 HEIS 將可使醫院之高階主管以簡單、友善、視覺化的使用界面,來瞭解醫院彙整統合後之營運現況,藉以解決長久以來的管理決策品質的問題,同時更有助於醫療品質的提升

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• 為因應健保制度的多變,以及更有效地管理醫院的營運狀況以提昇整體競爭力,許多高階主管皆希望能有一套提供異常活動預警、風險評估以及產生各種不同類型管理報表的 HEIS ,以協助高階主管面對突發狀況時,能夠隨時隨地順利的進行決策處理 [ 佟旻達, 1999]

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CASE: CASE: 台中榮總台中榮總 EISEISCASE: CASE: 台中榮總台中榮總 EISEIS

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台中榮總台中榮總 EISEIS• HEIS 發展歷程• 系統架構• 應用現況• 系統效益

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HEISHEIS 發展歷程發展歷程• 為因應健保制度實施之後所帶來的競爭壓力,醫院之高階主管愈來愈需要即時掌握正確的營運管理資訊,以輔助進行決策

• 民國 86 年 10 月決定投資建置 HEIS ,定名為「醫院管理主管決策系統」

• 經過績效管理組及資訊室審慎之評估後,以委外之方式,並採用主從式架構來建置– 以 Windows NT搭配 Oracle 8 資料庫做為 HEIS主機伺服器

– 以 Windows 95 及 Pilot Desktop做為前端之應用界面

– 系統開發工具則選擇 Pilot Designer

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HEISHEIS 發展歷程發展歷程 ((續續 ))•起初面臨兩個問題:系統該有那些功能、如何決定?結果如何展現? – 先行透過幕僚人員歷行提供給院長之報表(營運管理監測指標、每日醫療服務統計、醫療費用申報、核減…)以及

– 會同績效管理組,共同訂出六大主要子系統•每日醫療服務統計、營運管理監測指標、•健保費用申報核減、醫療收入成本分析、•檢驗檢查手術統計、人事員額薪資結構

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HEISHEIS 發展歷程發展歷程 ((續續 ))

• 決定醫院營運的關鍵成功因素( CSFs ),及重要績效指標( KPIs ),並對每個 KPIs設定一目標值,以定期監控其狀況

• 系統展現功能包括:逐層向下展開( Drill Down )、異常報告( Exception Reporting )、結構分析、趨勢分析、迴歸分析

• 在院長的支持與推動之下, HEIS專案順利於87 年 5 月完成,全程共歷時 7個月,為醫院之競爭優勢帶來了新的契機

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系統架構HIS 主機

EIS 伺服器

伺服器

決策系統模式庫

資料篩選、彙整、轉檔

決策查詢資料檔

HIS資料庫

主從架構資料庫

自動建檔

外部資料輸入

高階主管查詢

Page 34: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

應用現況

Page 35: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

• 圖表: 1.住院統計:現況、月累計、年累計 2.應收帳款:餘額、帳齡、應收帳款天數 3.現金:總帳餘額、應付帳款、應付帳款天數 4.現金流量:每天現金收入、每天現金支出 5.醫療統計調查:月累計平均、年累計平均6.排名前十名專科醫生:住院月累計、住院年累計、住院天數、收入

7.排名前十名醫療人員:住院月累計、住院年累計、住院天數、收入

8.住院天數:月累計住院天數、年累計住院天數、平均住院天數

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•報表: 1.專科醫生:列示每個專科醫生來住院病患人數、住院天數及收入

2.醫療人員:列示每個醫療人員服務來住院病患人數、住院天數及收入

3.總帳結帳狀態:所有醫院財務合併報表

Page 37: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

系統效益系統效益• 成本面

– 使幕僚人員花費於蒐集相關營運報表之人力與時間,轉移至關心醫院更重要的營運事務上

– 節省了大量的紙張成本– 建立了醫院本身的管理性資料庫

• 效率面– 改進以往無法即時掌握營運資訊的缺點,高階主管僅需花費 5秒鐘,即可得知院內最新的各項營運成果

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系統效益系統效益 ((續續 ))•資訊品質

–使營運資訊能以更易於了解的型式展現

–資料的正確性與一致性亦能保持高度的水準,顯著提昇了決策支援的能力

–譬如:對於重覆用藥的統計與查詢功能, HEIS 系統可深入追查出,那一科的那位醫師在那一段時間針對那些特定藥品,有重覆用藥的情形出現

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未來發展未來發展•已經著手建置資料倉儲•未來朝向資料挖掘( Data Mining )、線上即時分析處理( OLAP )以及臨床研究/臨床路徑( Clinical Path )…等方向努力

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DW 多維度資料查詢

泌尿科

25 50 75

婦產科

腸胃科

外 科

泌尿科

科室別

年齡層

2000

1999

外 科

腸胃科

時間

2001

Page 41: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

HEISHEIS 應用趨勢應用趨勢  HEIS 、 DW 、 Web-

based 整合HEIS 與 DW

整合傳統 HEIS

資料特性

非結構化資料外部資料線上即時之動態資料

半結構化資料具有時間性之歷史資料

結構化資料整合性與時間性皆較差資料可能不一致

資料呈現方式

多維度、動態視覺化(表格、圖形、聲音、影像)

多維度查詢、視覺化

圖形、表格

資料查詢型態

資料查詢可隨時加入新的外部資訊或跨院區、跨地域之資訊,即時掌握醫療體系之整合性資料

查詢時資料已存在於倉儲中,因此資料不須另外蒐集,速度較快

當需要查詢時才從系統蒐集資料,速度較慢

Page 42: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

HEISHEIS 應用趨勢應用趨勢 ((續續 ))

Internet

醫療聯盟

A+B > C-A+C > B-B+C > ?-

CSF PKI

TQIP

分 院

行政管理資料庫

外部資料庫

資料萃取資料整合資料轉換

資料倉儲Meta Data

Web-based HEIS,OLAP, Data Mining

HIS資料庫

Page 43: CHAPTER 7  Excusive Information Systems and the Data WareHouse

結論結論• 企業現行資料庫系統的架構與功能的健全與否,對於發展 EIS 的成功扮演著關鍵性的角色

• 資料的正確性與即時性,為高階主管是否願意使用 EIS 的關鍵因素

• EIS建置過程中,必需有高階主管的支持與充份的溝通,為企業 EIS 成功的重要因素

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Reference• 醫療機構與資訊管理,黃興進博士,國立中正大學製

商整合研究中心 http://cmca.mis.ccu.edu.tw/ae/material/medical/medical.asp

• 醫院高階主管資訊需求,鄭有祥,叡揚資訊,http://www.gss.com.tw/eis/13/hospital.htm

• Building the Data warehouse, W.H. Inmon