chapter 9 circular motion. axis – central point around which rotation occurs (axis) (fulcrum)...
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Chapter 9
Circular Motion
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• Axis – Central point around which rotation occurs
(axis)
(fulcrum)
• Rotation – occurs when an object turns about an internal axis (earth rotates on its axis, a skater rotates on his/her axis)
• Revolution – occurs when an object turns about an external axis (a satellite in orbit revolves around the earth)
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• Linear speed = distance / time
• The linear speed is greater on the outer edge of a rotating object than it is closer to the axis.
• Tangential speed – the direction of motion is always tangent to the circle. For circular motion, linear speed and tangential speed are used interchangeably
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• Rotational Speed (angular speed) – is the number of roations per unit of time
Example: revolutions per minute (rpm) of a motor
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• Centripetal force - “center-seeking” force that causes an object to follow a circular path
• Centrifugal force - “center-fleeing” force that tends to push objects away from a center of rotation
• Both Centripetal force and centrifugal force depend on the mass, tangential speed, and radius of curvature
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The amount of centripetal force that acts on an object revolving around an axis of rotation can be expressed with the following equation:
Fc = mv2
r
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• For centripetal and centrifugal force, the magnitudes of each are equivalent.
(read pages 126-132)
Fcentripetal Fcentrifugal