chapter 9 section 1. bell ringer turn to page 282 in your textbook. read the paragraph at the top...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 9
Section 1
Bell Ringer Turn to page 282 in your textbook. Read the
paragraph at the top of the page under “What are fair working conditions?” Also, read numbers 1, 2, & 3 to the right of the photograph.
1. Would you attempt to change your working conditions? Why or why not? (Paragraph. 4+ sentences)
2. Would you join a union, go to school, or run away? Why? (Paragraph. 4+ sentences)
Bonus Activity After you job shadow on March 4, 2014 answer
the following for 20 bonus points (not on test).
1. What are the differences in the working conditions at your shadow location and the conditions of that job during the industrial revolution?
2. What union (if any) is the person you are shadowing a member of. If not a member, are there any unions available to join? Why would a union be needed or not needed in that position?
Main Idea
The Industrial Revolution started in England and soon spread to other countries.
The changes that began in Britain paved the way for modern industrial societies.
Introduction Political revolutions
brought about change in government.
Examples? Industrial Revolution
changed the way people worked.
Increased output due to machine-made goods.
Hand-made goods v. machine-made goods
Agricultural Revolution
Farmers bought up a lot of the small farms.
Increased acreage increased cultivation
New farming methods increased production
Enclosure Act Farmers owned several strips of
land, scattered throughout open fields.
The enclosure act gave farmers one large area of land equal to the original acreage.
The enclosure act required farmers to fence their area.
Many could not afford it. RESULT? Move to the city. This helped lead to the Industrial
Revolution.
Crop Rotation
Year 1
Year 2
Why England? Large population of
workersHighly skilled
workforce
Extensive natural resourcesWater power and coal Iron ore (to construct
machines)RiversHarbors
Why England? (cont.) Expanding economy
What is needed to start or expand a business?
Increased trade, prosperity increased demand
Political stabilityNone of Britain’s wars in the
1700s occurred in Britain. Britain had all the factors of
production.Everything needed to
produce goodsLand, labor and capital
Questions
1. Why did many citizen in Britain move to the city?
2. How did using crop rotation lead to higher crop yields?
3. Why was England ideal for the industrial revolution to begin?
Inventions
Creativity Inventions Industrialization
Industrialization = the process of developing machine production of goods.
Changes in the Textile Industry
Textile = cloth New inventions made
it possible to mass produce textiles faster and more efficiently.
Britain was in need of clothing due to the population boom.
Factories
Textile merchants put inventions, like the spinning mule, in a large building called a factory.
The machines operated on water power. Where would be a logical place to build a
factory? Near rivers and streams.
Cotton Many textiles were made from cotton Cotton has seeds. Can you imagine picking the seeds out by
hand? Eli Whitney’s solution? Invention of the cotton gin.
Effect of the Cotton Gin
American cotton production 1790 – 1.5 million pounds
produced 1810 – 85 million pounds
produced
Transportation Textile progress other industrial improvements. Steam Engine – cheap, convenient source of
power. The early model used too much fuel. James Watt made the steam engine work faster
and more efficiently.
Water Transportation Steam was also used to propel boats. Water transportation improved with a
network of canals. More canals decreased transportation
costs of both raw materials and finished goods.
The Railway Age Begins
Steam powered machinery led the industrial revolution during the late 1700s.
After 1820, the railway led the way.
Rocket George Stephenson invented Rocket. Hauled 13 tons at a speed of 24 miles per
hour.
Effects of the Locomotive
1. Spurred industrial growth due to cheap transportation.
2. Created hundreds of thousands of new jobs.
3. England’s agricultural and fishing industry boomed.
4. Encouraged country people to take distant city jobs.
Questions
1. What are textiles?
2. Who came up with the way to make the steam engine run faster and more efficient?
3. Rocket hauled 13 tons at what speed?
4. How did the locomotive effect industrialization?