chapter anaysis method
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ThesecondstageofstudyingabookoftheBibleistodoachapteanalysisofeach
ofthechaptesofthatbook.Aftethesuveystudyhasbeencompletedandyou
haveapettygoodgaspandoveviewofthebook,beginexaminingitsindividual
pats.Sincemostchaptedivisionsaesuitableanduseful,itisbesttoexamine
thepatsinthisway.
Definition
Chapteanalysisinvolvesgainingathooughundestandingofthemateialofa
chapteofabookbylookingcaefullyateachpaagaph,sentence,andwodin
anintenselydetailedandsystematicmanne.Thetheepatsofthismethodae
aChapteSummay,aVese-by-VeseAnalysis,andaChapteConclusion.These
patsmaybedoneonthegivenfomoonblankpiecesofpape.
Why Do a chaPter analysis?
ChapteAnalysis,whendonealongwiththeBookSuveyandBookSynthesismeth-
ods,enablesustoundestandtheBibleinthewayinwhichitwaswitteninwhole
10
THe cHaPTeR
anaLYsis MeTHODOf BiBLe sTUDY
How to Do an In-depth Studyof a Chapter of a Bible Book
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books.Itisalsoamethodinwhichweuselimitedoutsidehelps,thusenablingusto
leantheSciptuesonouown.
Note:DawsonTotman,foundeandfistpesidentoftheNavigatos,believed
thatthismethodisthemajomeansofaChistiansintakeoftheWodofGod.Hun-
dedsofmenandwomenintheealydaysoftheoganizationweetainedtodo
chapteanalysisandeceivedbyitabiblicaleducationcompaabletothatavailable
inBibleinstitutesandcolleges.Sincethattime,anumbeofexcellentbookshave
beenpublishedthatexpandonthismethodindetail.Ifthismethodespeciallyinte-
estsyou,Isuggestyouobtainsomeofthebookslistedattheendofthischapte.
Theypovideexcellentadditionalinsightsintothispopulastudymethod.
simPle stePs for Doing a chaPter analysis stuDy
Inthismethodyoubeginwithanintoduction(chaptesummay),whichisStep
One,thendoavese-by-veseanalysis(StepsTwothoughFive),andfinishwitha
chapteconclusion(StepsSixandSeven).
Step One Write Out a Chapter Summary
Step twO List Your Observations
Step three Ask Interpretation Questions
Step FOur Correlate Your Chapter with Other Scriptures
Step Five List Some Possible Applications
Step Six Write Down Some Concluding Thoughts
Step Seven Write Out One Application
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The.Chapter.Analysis.Method.of.Bible.Stu
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Step One Write Out a Chapter Summary
Youbeginthisstepbyeadingandeeadingthechaptemanytimes.Allyouae
doingheeismakinggenealobsevationsonthechapteasawhole.Afteyou
haveeaditthoughsevealtimes,descibethegenealcontentsinoneofthe
waysabouttobedescibed.Donottytointepetwhatyouseeatthistime,but
meelyaimtobecomefamiliawiththechapte.Youmaysummaizeitinoneof
thefollowingways:
1..Paraphrase.itThesimplestwayisjusttoephasethechapteinyouown
wods.Summaizeitinsuchawaythatyoucouldeadyoupaaphasetoanothe
peson.YoucanchecksomeecentpaaphasevesionsoftheBiblefoexamples
ofthis.
2.Outline.itAnothesimplewaytosummaizeisthoughanoutlinethatfol-
lowsthepaagaphdivisionsofthechapte.Giveatitletoeachpaagaph,then
placesomesubpointsundeeachone.
3.Rewrite.it.without.the.modifying.clauses.and.phrases Usejustthesubjects,
vebs,andobjectsinyousummay.Thisisageatwaytosummaizesomeof
Paulswitings,foexample,wheeun-onsentences(especiallyintheKingJames
Vesion)aehadtoundestandbecauseoftheicomplexity.
Afte youhavecompletedyouchaptesummay,giveatitletothechapte,
usingeitheyoutitlefomthebooksuveyoanewonethatoccuedtoyoudu-
ingthisstudy.
Step twO List Your Observations
This step begins the vese-by-veseanalysis of the chapte. Youstat with the
activityofobsevation.Inthisstepyouaelookingindetailateveysentenceand
wodandthenwitingdowneveythingyousee.Youaetyingtoanswetheques-
tion,Whatdoesitsay?
Befoeyoucanbegintointepetthemeaningofaveseopassage,youmust
fistlookatwhatitactuallysays.Thepuposeofobsevationistosatuateyouself
completelywiththecontentsofaBiblepassage.ThemakofgoodBiblestudentsis
thattheyhavetainedthemselvestoobsevethingsinthetextthatothesovelook.
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Overlooking.biblical. facts..reasons. why Thee ae thee easons why we
oftenovelookthingsandmisssomuchinthebiblicaltext:(1)Weushthougha
passagetooquickly.Soweneedtoslowdownandnotindulgeinspeed-eading.
(2)Wedontwitedownouobsevations.LouisAgassiz,a19th-centuypofessoofzoologyatHavadwhotaughthisstudentstheatofobsevation,usedtosay,
Apencilisthebesteye.Weneedtowitedownwhatwesee,andthenwewill
beginseeingmoe.(3)Wegiveuptoosoon.Thelongewesqueezealemon,the
moejuicewegetoutofittoapoint.Butunlikelemons,theBiblenevegoes
dy.Wecanstudyatextahundedtimesandneveexhausttheichesthatae
init.Soweshouldntgiveuptoosoon;athe,weshouldkeeponlookingthe
longethebette.
Asking.questionsAshasaleadybeendiscussed,thesecetofgoodBiblestudyisleaningtoasktheightquestions(seetheIntoductionatthebeginningofthis
book).ThenumbeofquestionsyoucanaskofatextofSciptueinceasesinpo -
potiontoyouwillingnesstostickwithit.AsyoucontinuegowinginBiblestudy
skills,thetypeandnumbeofquestionsyouaskwillimpoveandyouwillbeable
toobsevemoeandmoe.Thekeytogoodobsevations,then,isacombinationof
diligence,patience,askingmanyquestions,andwitingdowneveythingyousee.
Tohelpyouinyouobsevations,appendixFlists30ideasfomwhichyoucan
selecttheonesthatwillsuityoustudy.
Step three Ask Interpretation Questions
Afteobsevingallyoucaninthepassageundestudy,youaeeadytomoveon
tointepetation.Thisstepinvolvesaskingquestionsaboutmeaning,thentyingto
findanswestothem.Inthisexeciseyoudiscovethebiblicalwitespuposeand
messagebyuncoveingwhathemeansbyhisidea.
IntepetivequestionsincludeaskingwhatowhySomeexamples:
. Whydidthewitesaythis?
. Whatisthemeaningof____________?
. Whatisthesignificanceof____________?
. Whatistheimplicationof____________?
Whyisthisimpotant?
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Youshouldbeabletothinkofmanyotheintepetivequestionstoask.Neve
thinkthatany question istoo sillyodumb. Always witeeveyquestion down
onyoufomeventhoughyoumaynotfindananswetoit.Lateon,instudying
anothechapte,youmaybeabletoansweit;ifso,comebacktothischaptesfomandfillintheanswe.remembethatthemoequestionsyouask,themoe
youwilldawoutofthetext.
Listing. difficultiesWhenyouaewitingdownyouquestions,itisagood
ideatoincludeanydifficultiesyouhaveinundestandingwhatisbeingsaid.Two
commontypesaepersonaldifficultiesquestionsyouwouldlikeansweedin
thefutue,oitemsfofutuestudy,andpossible.difficultiesmattesthatdont
botheyouatthistime,butwouldbegoodtostudysoyoucanhelpotheswho
mightbebotheedbythem.
Finding.the.right.meaning.of.the.text Afteyouhavelistedallyouquestions
ofintepetation,youneedtostatfindingsomeanswes.Theeaesevealways
todothis.
1.Check.the.contextYoushouldalwaysstathee,fooftentheanswesto
youquestionswillbefoundinthevesespecedingofollowingthetext.Always
intepetapassageinlightofitscontext.Toeviewthecontext,youmayhavetogo
backtoyouobsevationsoyoubooksuveytoanswethesequestions:
Whoisspeaking? Whoisbeingspokento?
Whenisitbeingspoken?
. Wheeisitbeingspoken?
. Whatistheoccasionocicumstance?
. Whatisthemainsubjectofthemessage?
. Istheaimofwhatisbeingsaidevealed?
. Whatothebackgoundmateialclaifiesthisstatement?
Youcanavoidageatdealofmisintepetationbyfistcheckingoutthecontextofavese.
2.Define.the.words.and.phrases.usedYoumustintepetyoutextaccoding
tothecoectandpopemeaningofthewods.Lookuptheimpotantwodsina
Bibledictionay,wodstudyset,oEnglishdictionay.
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3.Study.the.grammar.and.structure.of.the.sentencesSometimesapoblemof
intepetationcanbecleaedupbydiagammingasentenceobyundestanding
whatgammaticalusagethewiteintendedinthepaagaph.
4.Compare.several.translations.of.the.textUsediffeentecentvesionsoftheBibletoseehowthevaioustanslatosendeedapaticulawod,phase,opaagaph.
5.Study.the.background.of.the.textIntepetyoutextinlightofthehistoi-
cal,cultual,geogaphic,economic,social,andpoliticalbackgoundsofthebook,
includingthecuenteventsofthattime.Thisshowsyouthevalueofdoingabook
suveystudybefoeattemptingachapteanalysisstudy.Useyouefeencetools
tocheckonthebackgound,thewitespuposeinwitingthebook,andothe
petinentfactos.
6.Compare.your.text.with.other.passages.of.ScriptureThisnextstepco-elationwillgiveyousomeanswestointepetivequestionsasyoucompae
SciptuewithSciptue.
7.Consult.a.commentary.as.a.last.resort Ifyouhave tieddiligentlyto find
themeaningofthetextyouselfandyoucoss-efeenceshavenothelpedyou,
consultthewoksofgeatBiblescholas.Theeisaplacefocommentaiesin
Biblestudy,butitcomesonly.after.you.have.done.your.own.workCompaeyou
intepetationwiththewitingsofdevoutChistiansandseeifyousageeswith
theis.Ifyouhaveacoectintepetation,youmaybesueGodhasshownittosomeothesinceeBiblestudentsinthepast.Ifyoucantfindanyonewhoagees
withyou,youhavepobablygotawongintepetation.
Step FOur Correlate Your Chapter with Other Scriptures
Thisstepinvolvesfindingcoss-efeencesfothevesesofyouchapteinode
tofutheexplainthemeaningofthetext.Itisbasedonthepincipleofintepeta-
tionthatsays,TheBibleintepetsitself;SciptuebestexplainsSciptue.You
canoftenintepetpassagesthataenotcleabypassagesthatae.Askyouself,
HowdootheSciptueselatetoandexplainthisone?
Steps.in.cross-referencingHeeaesomepacticalwaystocoelateveses:
1.Fist,lookfocoss-efeenceswithinthesamebookyouaestudying.This
isinternalcoelation.
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2.Second,compaestatementsinothewitingsbythesameautho.Thisis
externalcoelation.
3.Then,compaewithothebooksinthesametestament.
4.Finally,compaeefeencesinallofSciptue.Youcanfindcoss-efeencesinastudyBibleoefeenceBibleobylooking
upsimilawodsinaconcodance.
Types.of. cross-references Thee ae seveal diffeent types of coss-efe-
ences,includingthefollowing:
. The.pure.cross-reference This issometimes called the paallel coss-
efeencebecauseitsaysalmostexactlythesamethingastheveseyou
aeanalyzing.
. The. illustrative. cross-reference This type, which may involve a eal
eventopesoninhistoy,illustateswhattheveseyouaestudyingis
saying.
. The.contrasting.cross-referenceThistypesaystheoppositeofwhatyou
vesesays.Itmaylooklikeacontadiction,butitisactuallyappoaching
thesubjectfomadiffeentviewpoint.
Onewodofcaution:Besuetocheckthecontextofthevesesyouchoose
ascoss-efeences.Othewiseyoumaybemakingthemsaywhatthewitedidnotsay.
Step Five List Some Possible Applications
Thelastpatofthevese-by-veseanalysisistowitedownsomepossibleappli-
cations.remembethatyougoalinBiblestudyisnotjustintepetationbutappli-
cation. Becauseofthe many applications a chapte mayhave,you will onlybe
listingthemhee.Lateon,inStepSeven,youwillchooseoneofthesetowiteout
andtowokonfoaweek.Youhavealeadyseenthatyoucannotwokonmoe
thanoneapplicationpeweek.Itisbettetoecodjustoneandfullyapplythat
tuthtoyoulifethantowitedownsevealapplicationsandthenfailtoimplement
anyofthem.
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Step Six Write Down Some Concluding Thoughts
Gobackovetheesultsofthefistfivesteps,eviewthemcaefully,andwite
down some concluding thoughts on the chapte. These can include additional
obsevations,someofyouintepetations,themesyouhavediscoveed,possible
topicsandpeopleyouwanttostudyinthefutue,wodsyoumaywanttodoawod
studyon,andanynumbeofothethoughtsthatcometomind.
Step Seven Write Out One Application
NowgobacktothepossibleapplicationsyoulistedinStepFiveandchooseoneof
thesetowokonthiscomingweek.Bynowyoushouldhavehadplentyofpactice
atwitingoutapplicationsthataepesonal,pactical,possible,andmeasuable.
Ifnecessay,efebacktotheDevotionalMethodofBibleStudy(chap.1).Dont
fogettoputyouapplicationinthepesent,notfutue,tense.Askyouself,What
amIgoingtodoaboutthisnow?
HOWTOFILLINTHECHAPTErANALYSISFOrM
Usethefomattheendofthechapteowiteoutyoustudyonyouownsheetof
papewiththenecessaydivisions.
Filling Out the Form
Fistfillintheefeencefothechapteyouwillstudy.Youmaywanttostudyonly
halfachapteifitisa longone.Afteafeweadings,fillinyouowntitlefothe
chapte,eithefomyoubooksuveystudyoanewonethatyouthoughtofin
theseeadings.Next,youshouldsummaizethechapte,usingoneof thethee
methodssuggestedinStepOne.
Asyoubeginthevese-by-veseanalysis,witedownthevesenumbesinthe
columnspovidedandfollowthatwithyouobsevations,intepetations,coela-
tions,andpossibleapplications.Useadditionalpiecesofpapeofomsasneeded.
Onthebackofthefomwitedownyouconcludingthoughtsandthatone
application.
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Sample Filled-out Form
SeetheexampleofEphesians1attheendofthischapte.
AssignmentSeetheassignmentintheBookSuveyMethodofBibleStudy(chap.9)fosug-
gested assignments as towhich books of the Bible tostudy usingthesethee
methods.
For Further Reading
MoegoodBiblestudybookshavebeenwittenonthismethodthanonanyothe.
Asyouinclinationandfinancesallow,puchasesomeofthesefoyouownlibay
andefeence.
Good Books on Chapter Analysis
Methodical.Bible.Study.byrobetA.Taina(Zondevan)[Veyadvanced]
The.Navigator.Bible.Studies.Handbook.(NavPess)
The.New.Joy.of.Discovery.in.Bible.Study.byOlettaWald(AugsbugFotess)
Personal.Bible.Study.byWilliamLincoln(BethanyFellowship)
Good Books on Interpretation
Basic.Biblical.Interpretation.byroyZuck(Victo)Basics.of.Bible.Interpretation.byBobSmith(WodBooks)
Getting.the.Message.byDanielDoiani(Pesbyteian&refomed)
Grasping.Gods.Word.byScottDuvallandDanielHays(Zondevan)
How.to.Read.the.Bible.for.All.Its.Worth.byGodonFeeandDouglasStuat(Zondevan)
How.to.Understand.Your.Bible.byT.NotonSteett(InteVasityPess)
Protestant.Biblical.Interpretation.byBenadramm(Bake)
Studying,. Interpreting,. and. Applying. the. Bible. by Walte Henichsen and Gayle Jackson
(Zondevan)
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cHaPTeR anaLYsis fORM
chapter Ephesians1
chapter title GodsGeatPuposefoOuLives
1. chapter SuMMary
Intoduction(1:12)
I. TherevelationofthePuposeofGod(1:314)
A.Thesummaystatementwhathehasgivenus(1:3)
B.Thebasisofousalvation(thewokofGodtheFathe)(1:46)
1. Chosentobeholyandblameless(1:4)
2. Adoptedashissons(1:5)
3.Gacefeelygivenus(1:6)
C.Thebenefitsofousalvation(thewokofGodtheSon)(1:712) 1. Hesacificedhimselffous(1:7)
2. Helavishedgaceonus(1:8)
3. Heevealedhiswilltous(1:910)
4. Hemadeuspatofhisinheitance(1:1112)
D. The bestowment of ou salvation (the wok of God the Holy Spiit)
(1:1314)
l. HeevealedChisttous(1:13)
2. HesealedusasGodschilden(1:13)
3. Heguaanteesouinheitance(1:14)
II. TheresponseofPayetoGod(1:1523) A.Thefoundationofthepaye(1:1517a)
1. Fofaithfulandlovingbelieves(1:15)
2. ToafaithfulandlovingGod(1:1617a)
B.Thefomulationofthepaye(1:17b20a)
1. Payefowisdom(1:17b)
2. Payefoenlightenment(1:18a)
3. Payefoexpeientialknowledge(1:18b20a)
C. Thefinaleofthepaye(1:20b23 )
Acknowledgmentof...
1. Chistsesuection(1:20b)
2. Chistsdominionoveall(1:21)
3.Chistsheadshipoveall(1:22)
4. Chistslodshipovethechuch(1:23)
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2. OBServatiOn 3. interpretatiOn
wa dos say? wa dos ma?
Eph. V. V.
1:3 GodhasblessedmewithEVErY
spiitualblessing.
3 Godthinksthewoldofme.
4 Godchosemetolivealifeof
holiness.
4 ImustobeyGodandhiscom-
mandments.
5 Godhasadoptedmeintohis
family.
5 ThismeansthatIbelongtohim
foeve.
7 ThoughChistIhavebeenfogiven.
7 Chististheonlyonewhocanfogivesins.
9 Godhasevealedhiswilltous
thoughJesusChist.
9 ChistisGodstotalevelation
ofhimself.
11 IammadeanheiofGod
thoughChist.
11 Ihaveallthepivilegesofbeing
anhei.
1314 TheHolySpiitinmeisa
guaanteeofmysalvationand
acceptance.
1314 ThismeansIamimpotant,that
Godgavemesogeatagua-
antee.
16 PaulpaysfotheEphesians. 16 IneedtopayfofellowChis-
tians.
18 Paulpaysfoothesenlighten-
ment.
18 Ineedtopaythatothesmay
knowGodswill.
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4. cOrrelatiOn 5. applicatiOn
w ls s lad? wa ll i do abo ?
V
3 1Pete1:3
2Pete1:4
ThankGodfowhathehasdonefome.
4 romans8:29
Exodus20:117
ImustmakesueImleadingaholylife.
5 Galatians4:5
Philippians2:13
IneedtoactasbelongingtoGodsfamily.
7 Mak10:45romans3:25
ImustthankGodfothetotalityofhisfogiveness.
9 Galatians1:15
Ephesians3:9
Hebews1:12
BiblestudyisanessentialifImtoknow
Godswill.
11 romans8:1617
Acts20:32
IshouldthankGodfothisgeatgift.
1314 John3:33
Ephesians4:30
2Cointhians5:5
Ineedtolivemylifeinsuchawayasnot
tooffendtheSpiitwholivesinme.
16 Philippians1:3
romans1:810
IneedtopayfoJohn,Sue,andBob.
18 Acts26:18 IneedtopaythisfoChalieandGail.
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6. cOncluSiOnS
ThischapteshowswhatGodhasgivenhispeoplehehasblessedthem
witheveyspiitualblessingtheeis.Itgoesontolistmanyofthoseblessings
intheTinitaianwokofsalvation.ThisiswhatGodtheFathe,GodtheSon,
andGodtheHolySpiithavedonefous.readingasectionofSciptuelike
thisshouldgiveusaealsenseofwoth,becausethisisGodscommentay
onwhathethinksofthosewhobelongtohim.
Thepopeesponsetothisgandevelationshouldbeapayeofthanksgiv-
ing,adoation,andpaise,whichisexactlywhatPauldoesattheendofthe
chapte.
7. a perSOnal applicatiOn
IneedtodevelopmoeofthespiitofpayeasPauldoeshee.Heissoove-
whelmedbywhatGodhasdonefousthathespontaneouslypays.Ineed
tomeditateonwhatGodhasdonefomeandsoespondbacktohimwitha
payeofadoationandpaiseaswell.
Toimplementthis,IwilleeadEphesians1fivetimes,substitutingIand
mefotheponounsinthechapteandthenspendtimepayingwithout
askinganythingfomyself,butdiectingallmyequeststowadGodandhis
gloy.
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chapter
chapter title
1. chapter SuMMary
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2. OBServatiOn 3. interpretatiOn
wa dos say? wa dos ma?
Vese Vese
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4. cOrrelatiOn 5. applicatiOn
w ls s lad? wa ll i do abo ?
Vese
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6. cOncluSiOnS
7. a perSOnal applicatiOn