chapter 14bebi/biology100/study guides/chapter 14 (10e).pdf · chapter 14 student ... the deep...

Chapter 14

Student: ___________________________________________________________________________

1. The cochlear nerve has connections with the:

A.pinnaB.malleusC.spiral organD.auditory (Eustachian) tube

2. Which of the following bend light rays?

A.choroid plexusB.rods and conesC.ciliary body and pupilD.lens and corneaE.iris and choroid tunic

3. The deep purple visual pigment of rods is:

A.rhodopsinB.retinalC.vitamin AD.optic nerve

4. Rod and cones belong to which category of sensory receptors:

A.mechanoreceptorsB.photoreceptorsC.chemoreceptors

5. The sense of equilibrium is associated with which receptor?

A.photoreceptorB.chemoreceptorC.proprioceptor/mechanoreceptorD.nociceptorE.None of the choices are correct.

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6. Which of these is mismatched?

A.semicircular canals-inner earB.utricle and saccule-outer earC.auditory canal-outer earD.ossicles-middle ear

7. Puncturing the eardrum so that it is inoperative would:

A.not adversely affect your sense of hearingB.prevent the normal transmission of sound vibrationC.destroy the sensory receptors for hearingD.upset the pressure differential in the middle ear


A.tympanic membrane-reception of sound wavesB.ossicles-amplification of sound wavesC.spiral organ-generates nerve impulsesD.occipital lobe of brain-sound sensation

9. Which of these is NOT involved in the path of sound vibrations?

A.auditory canalB.tympanic membraneC.semicircular canalsD.cochlea

10. The tectorial membrane:

A.converts sound waves in the atmosphere to mechanical vibrationsB.has fibers which vibrate in response to sounds of different pitchC.is an immovable membrane which anchors the hair cells of the organ of Corti

11. Stimuli interpretation seems to occur:

A.within highly specialized receptorsB.in all receptorsC.at synapses outside the central nervous systemD.in the central nervous system only

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12. On the retina is a small, depressed area where vision, including color, is most acute. This depressed areais the:

A.choroid pitB.anterior chamber recessC.fovea centralisD.optic nerve spot

13. Someone told you about a photograph of a bird's retina that they saw in a science journal. They also toldyou that the caption said that there were not cones on the retinal surface. From this you would know that:

A.the bird was active during the eveningB.the bird was active during the day

14. In general, people are nearsighted because:

A.the eye is too longB.the eye is too shortC.formation of cataractsD.of weakness in the retinaE.of loss of accommodation

15. Rhodopsin is composed of:

A.opsinB.retinalC.opsin and retinal

16. In nearsightedness, light rays are brought into focus:

A.in front of the retina when viewing distant objectsB.in back of the retina when viewing distant objectsC.on the retina when viewing distant objectsD.in front of the retina when viewing near objects

17. The organ of Corti of the inner ear is an example of which type of receptor?

A.mechanoreceptorsB.photoreceptorsC.chemoreceptors

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18. Which of these senses is NOT dependent on cilia or microvilli?

A.hearingB.smellingC.equilibriumD.tasteE.touch

19. Which of the following functions in black and white, dim light vision?

A.rodsB.cones

20. Clouding of the lens of the eye, which produces an opaque condition, causes:

A.accommodation deficitsB.cataractsC.glaucoma

21. Which of the following is NOT true about cones?

A.cones detect color of an objectB.cones detect detail of an objectC.cones require high-intensity lightD.cones are not present in the fovea centralis

22. The back of the tongue has taste buds of which

A.sweetB.bitterC.sour

23. The type of mechanoreceptors that help us know the position of our limbs in space are called:

A.cutaneous receptorsB.nociceptorsC.proprioceptorsD.musculoreceptors

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24. The senses of taste and smell are mediated by _____ type receptors.

A.mechanoB.photoC.chemo

25. Choose the CORRECT statement.

A.The sense of taste is separate from smell.B.The olfactory epithelium is associated with vision.C.The taste buds are perceived as a "weighted average".D.The limbic system is bypassed by the olfactory pathways.E.None of the choices are correct.

26. Which type of taste bud is found on the sides of the tongue:


27. The spiral organ consists of the:

A.malleus, incus, and stapesB.eardrum, round window, and oval windowC.hair cells, basilar membrane and tectorial membraneD.saccule, utricle, and cochleaE.cochlea and auditory nerve

28. Carrots are rich in vitamin_____.

A.AB.BC.CD.D

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29. Receptors for taste are found on the tongue:

A.and have microvilli that project up out of the tongueB.and generate nerve impulses that travel to the central nervous systemC.and they are of four primary types: bitter, salty, sour and sweetD.generate nerve impulses that travel to the central nervous system and they are of four types: bitter,

salty, sour and sweet

30. Loud noises cause:

A.otoliths to vibrate fasterB.the cochlear nerve to vibrate fasterC.the basilar membrane to vibrate to a greater extentD.the pinna to close

31. A type of cutaneous receptor that is located on the tongue and in the lips, palms, nipples, penis, and theclitoris is called:

A.Ruffini corpusclesB.Merkel corpusclesC.Pacinian corpusclesD.Meissner corpuscles

32. Which type of taste buds are located at the tip of the tongue?


33. When a rod absorbs light, rhodopsin:

A.changes into retinalB.splits into opsin and retinalC.sends a charge directly to the optic nerveD.inhibits the cones from responding

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34. The sense of smell sends nerve impulses to which part of the brain?

A.cerebellumB.corpus callosumC.olfactory bulbD.pons

35. Which receptor is involved in the sense of gravitational equilibrium?

A.cupulaB.otolithic membrane

36. Choose the CORRECT statement concerning anatomy of the eye.

A.The sclera is the outer white fibrous layer.B.The fovea centralis is a region of dense cones.C.The cornea normally is transparent.D.The choroid absorbs light.E.All of the choices are correct.

37. The sensory receptors specialized to respond to light energy are:

A.interoreceptorsB.nociceptorsC.mechanoreceptorsD.chemoreceptorsE.photoreceptors

38. The sense of hearing is associated with which receptor?

A.photoreceptorB.chemoreceptorC.proprioceptorD.nociceptorE.mechanoreceptor

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39. The sensory function of the ear includes:

A.hearingB.balanceC.visual integrationD.autonomic perceptionE.hearing and balance

40. Which of the following receptors functions in bright light, color vision?

A.rodsB.cones

41. Sensation occurs:

A.when the nerve impulse is first triggeredB.when the nerve impulse arrives at the cerebral cortexC.when the organism reacts to the nerve impulse

42. Place the following structures/cells in order from external to internal:

A.choroid, sclera, photoreceptors, ganglion cells, bipolar cellsB.sclera, choroid, ganglion cells, bipolar cells, photoreceptorsC.choroid, ganglion cells, sclera, bipolar cells, photoreceptorsD.sclera, choroid, photoreceptors, bipolar cells, ganglion cells

43. Sensory adaptation of which of these touch receptors would occur after putting on clothing?

A.Ruffini end organsB.bulbs of KrauseC.Meissner corpusclesD.nociceptors

44. Olfactory receptors:

A.adapt to outside stimuliB.are located in all regions of the noseC.are of four types: bitter, sweet, salty, sour.D.adapt to outside stimuli and are located in all regions of the nose

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45. Which of the following is a free nerve ending?

A.root hair plexusB.Krause's end bulbC.Ruffini endingD.Pacinian corpuscle

46. Which of the following are the receptors that mediate the senses of smell and taste?

A.nociceptorsB.mechanoreceptorsC.chemoreceptors

47. Light touch receptors are also known as ____________ corpuscles.

A.MeissnerB.PacinianC.RuffiniD.Krause

48. The optic chiasma is:

A.X- shapedB.formed by a crossing-over of the optic nerve tractsC.associated with equilibriumD.X- shaped and associated with equilibriumE.X- shaped and formed by a crossing-over of the optic nerve tracts

49. The spiral organ (organ of Corti) consists of:

A.the vestibular and tympanic canalsB.hair cells and the tectorial membraneC.The cochlear and vestibular canals

50. The sensory receptors specialized to respond to external stimuli are:

A.interoceptorsB.exteroceptorsC.mechanoreceptorsD.nociceptorsE.photoreceptors

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51. The tympanic membrane:

A.converts sound waves in the atmosphere to mechanical vibrationsB.has fibers which vibrate in response to sounds of different pitchC.is an immovable membrane which anchors the hair cells of the organ of Corti

52. Choose the INCORRECT pairing:

A.semicircular canals; gravitational equilibriumB.utricle, saccule; rotational equilibriumC.stapes; vertical orientationD.None of the choices are correct.

53. Which of the following is a true statement?

A.sight is dependent on a photochemical reactionB.the optic nerve is unnecessary to sightC.color-blind persons have congenitally inoperative rodsD.as we grow older, we become more capable of lens accommodation

54. Which of the following receptors respond to pain?

A.nociceptorsB.mechanoreceptorsC.chemoreceptors

55. Equilibrium is accomplished by the:

A.inner ear, eye, proprioceptorsB.outer ear, eustachian tube, exteroceptorsC.middle ear, optic chiasma, interoceptorsD.entire ear

56. Integration is the:

A.interpretation of stimulusB.awareness of stimulusC.summing up of signals receivedD.reaction to a stimulus

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57. The receptors for smell and taste:

A.work together to produce these sensationsB.are chemoreceptorsC.are found throughout the body in strategic locationsD.are chemoreceptors and work together to produce these sensations

58. Which of the following is shaped like an onion and is specialized for detection of deep touch andpressure?

A.Meissner corpusclesB.Merkel discsC.Pacinian corpuscles

59. The tympanic membrane, spiral organ and ossicles all participate in the sense of:

A.visionB.balance/equilibriumC.olfactionD.gustationE.hearing

60. The type of sensory integration where repeated stimulation results in a decrease in response is called:

A.long-term potentiationB.synaptic oscillationC.sensory adaptationD.None of the choices are correct.

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Chapter 14 Key

1. The cochlear nerve has connections with the:

a. pinnab. malleusC spiral organd. auditory (Eustachian) tube

Mader - 014 Chapter... #82

2. Which of the following bend light rays?

a. choroid plexusb. rods and conesc. ciliary body and pupilD lens and corneae. iris and choroid tunic


3. The deep purple visual pigment of rods is:

A rhodopsinb. retinalc. vitamin Ad. optic nerve


4. Rod and cones belong to which category of sensory receptors:

a. mechanoreceptorsB photoreceptorsc. chemoreceptors


1

5. The sense of equilibrium is associated with which receptor?

a. photoreceptorb. chemoreceptorC proprioceptor/mechanoreceptord. nociceptore. None of the choices are correct.



a. semicircular canals-inner earB utricle and saccule-outer earc. auditory canal-outer eard. ossicles-middle ear


7. Puncturing the eardrum so that it is inoperative would:

a. not adversely affect your sense of hearingB prevent the normal transmission of sound vibrationc. destroy the sensory receptors for hearingd. upset the pressure differential in the middle ear



a. tympanic membrane-reception of sound wavesb. ossicles-amplification of sound wavesc. spiral organ-generates nerve impulsesD occipital lobe of brain-sound sensation


2

9. Which of these is NOT involved in the path of sound vibrations?

a. auditory canalb. tympanic membraneC semicircular canalsd. cochlea


10. The tectorial membrane:

a. converts sound waves in the atmosphere to mechanical vibrationsb. has fibers which vibrate in response to sounds of different pitchC is an immovable membrane which anchors the hair cells of the organ of Corti


11. Stimuli interpretation seems to occur:

a. within highly specialized receptorsb. in all receptorsc. at synapses outside the central nervous systemD in the central nervous system only


12. On the retina is a small, depressed area where vision, including color, is most acute. This depressedarea is the:

a. choroid pitb. anterior chamber recessC fovea centralisd. optic nerve spot


13. Someone told you about a photograph of a bird's retina that they saw in a science journal. They alsotold you that the caption said that there were not cones on the retinal surface. From this you wouldknow that:

A the bird was active during the eveningb. the bird was active during the day


3

14. In general, people are nearsighted because:

A the eye is too longb. the eye is too shortc. formation of cataractsd. of weakness in the retinae. of loss of accommodation


15. Rhodopsin is composed of:

a. opsinb. retinalC opsin and retinal


16. In nearsightedness, light rays are brought into focus:

A in front of the retina when viewing distant objectsb. in back of the retina when viewing distant objectsc. on the retina when viewing distant objectsd. in front of the retina when viewing near objects


17. The organ of Corti of the inner ear is an example of which type of receptor?

A mechanoreceptorsb. photoreceptorsc. chemoreceptors


18. Which of these senses is NOT dependent on cilia or microvilli?

a. hearingb. smellingc. equilibriumd. tasteE touch


4

19. Which of the following functions in black and white, dim light vision?

A rodsb. cones


20. Clouding of the lens of the eye, which produces an opaque condition, causes:

a. accommodation deficitsB cataractsc. glaucoma


21. Which of the following is NOT true about cones?

a. cones detect color of an objectb. cones detect detail of an objectc. cones require high-intensity lightD cones are not present in the fovea centralis


22. The back of the tongue has taste buds of which

a. sweetB bitterc. sour


23. The type of mechanoreceptors that help us know the position of our limbs in space are called:

a. cutaneous receptorsb. nociceptorsC proprioceptorsd. musculoreceptors


5

24. The senses of taste and smell are mediated by _____ type receptors.

a. mechanob. photoC chemo


25. Choose the CORRECT statement.

a. The sense of taste is separate from smell.b. The olfactory epithelium is associated with vision.C The taste buds are perceived as a "weighted average".d. The limbic system is bypassed by the olfactory pathways.e. None of the choices are correct.


26. Which type of taste bud is found on the sides of the tongue:

a. sweetb. bitterC sour


27. The spiral organ consists of the:

a. malleus, incus, and stapesb. eardrum, round window, and oval windowC hair cells, basilar membrane and tectorial membraned. saccule, utricle, and cochleae. cochlea and auditory nerve


28. Carrots are rich in vitamin_____.

A Ab. Bc. Cd. D


6

29. Receptors for taste are found on the tongue:

a. and have microvilli that project up out of the tongueb. and generate nerve impulses that travel to the central nervous systemc. and they are of four primary types: bitter, salty, sour and sweetD generate nerve impulses that travel to the central nervous system and they are of four types: bitter,

salty, sour and sweet


30. Loud noises cause:

a. otoliths to vibrate fasterb. the cochlear nerve to vibrate fasterC the basilar membrane to vibrate to a greater extentd. the pinna to close


31. A type of cutaneous receptor that is located on the tongue and in the lips, palms, nipples, penis, andthe clitoris is called:

a. Ruffini corpusclesb. Merkel corpusclesc. Pacinian corpusclesD Meissner corpuscles


32. Which type of taste buds are located at the tip of the tongue?

A sweetb. bitterc. sour


7

33. When a rod absorbs light, rhodopsin:

a. changes into retinalB splits into opsin and retinalc. sends a charge directly to the optic nerved. inhibits the cones from responding


34. The sense of smell sends nerve impulses to which part of the brain?

a. cerebellumb. corpus callosumC olfactory bulbd. pons


35. Which receptor is involved in the sense of gravitational equilibrium?

a. cupulaB otolithic membrane


36. Choose the CORRECT statement concerning anatomy of the eye.

a. The sclera is the outer white fibrous layer.b. The fovea centralis is a region of dense cones.c. The cornea normally is transparent.d. The choroid absorbs light.E All of the choices are correct.


37. The sensory receptors specialized to respond to light energy are:

a. interoreceptorsb. nociceptorsc. mechanoreceptorsd. chemoreceptorsE photoreceptors


8

38. The sense of hearing is associated with which receptor?

a. photoreceptorb. chemoreceptorc. proprioceptord. nociceptorE mechanoreceptor


39. The sensory function of the ear includes:

a. hearingb. balancec. visual integrationd. autonomic perceptionE hearing and balance


40. Which of the following receptors functions in bright light, color vision?

a. rodsB cones


41. Sensation occurs:

a. when the nerve impulse is first triggeredB when the nerve impulse arrives at the cerebral cortexc. when the organism reacts to the nerve impulse


42. Place the following structures/cells in order from external to internal:

a. choroid, sclera, photoreceptors, ganglion cells, bipolar cellsb. sclera, choroid, ganglion cells, bipolar cells, photoreceptorsc. choroid, ganglion cells, sclera, bipolar cells, photoreceptorsD sclera, choroid, photoreceptors, bipolar cells, ganglion cells


9

43. Sensory adaptation of which of these touch receptors would occur after putting on clothing?

a. Ruffini end organsb. bulbs of KrauseC Meissner corpusclesd. nociceptors


44. Olfactory receptors:

A adapt to outside stimulib. are located in all regions of the nosec. are of four types: bitter, sweet, salty, sour.d. adapt to outside stimuli and are located in all regions of the nose


45. Which of the following is a free nerve ending?

A root hair plexusb. Krause's end bulbc. Ruffini endingd. Pacinian corpuscle


46. Which of the following are the receptors that mediate the senses of smell and taste?

a. nociceptorsb. mechanoreceptorsC chemoreceptors


47. Light touch receptors are also known as ____________ corpuscles.

A Meissnerb. Pacinianc. Ruffinid. Krause


10

48. The optic chiasma is:

a. X- shapedb. formed by a crossing-over of the optic nerve tractsc. associated with equilibriumd. X- shaped and associated with equilibriumE X- shaped and formed by a crossing-over of the optic nerve tracts


49. The spiral organ (organ of Corti) consists of:

a. the vestibular and tympanic canalsB hair cells and the tectorial membranec. The cochlear and vestibular canals


50. The sensory receptors specialized to respond to external stimuli are:

a. interoceptorsB exteroceptorsc. mechanoreceptorsd. nociceptorse. photoreceptors


51. The tympanic membrane:

A converts sound waves in the atmosphere to mechanical vibrationsb. has fibers which vibrate in response to sounds of different pitchc. is an immovable membrane which anchors the hair cells of the organ of Corti


52. Choose the INCORRECT pairing:

a. semicircular canals; gravitational equilibriumb. utricle, saccule; rotational equilibriumc. stapes; vertical orientationD None of the choices are correct.


11

53. Which of the following is a true statement?

A sight is dependent on a photochemical reactionb. the optic nerve is unnecessary to sightc. color-blind persons have congenitally inoperative rodsd. as we grow older, we become more capable of lens accommodation


54. Which of the following receptors respond to pain?

A nociceptorsb. mechanoreceptorsc. chemoreceptors


55. Equilibrium is accomplished by the:

A inner ear, eye, proprioceptorsb. outer ear, eustachian tube, exteroceptorsc. middle ear, optic chiasma, interoceptorsd. entire ear


56. Integration is the:

a. interpretation of stimulusb. awareness of stimulusC summing up of signals receivedd. reaction to a stimulus


57. The receptors for smell and taste:

a. work together to produce these sensationsb. are chemoreceptorsc. are found throughout the body in strategic locationsD are chemoreceptors and work together to produce these sensations


12

58. Which of the following is shaped like an onion and is specialized for detection of deep touch andpressure?

a. Meissner corpusclesb. Merkel discsC Pacinian corpuscles


59. The tympanic membrane, spiral organ and ossicles all participate in the sense of:

a. visionb. balance/equilibriumc. olfactiond. gustationE hearing


60. The type of sensory integration where repeated stimulation results in a decrease in response is called:

a. long-term potentiationb. synaptic oscillationC sensory adaptationd. None of the choices are correct.


13

Chapter 14 Summary

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Mader - 014 Chapter... 60

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