ChE 414Chemical Engineering Laboratory II

September 10, 2012

Instructor

Dr. C. Niu

Contact info• Instructor: Dr. C. Niu

– Engineering 1C129– catherine.niu@usask.ca; ph: 966-2174

• Coordinator: Dale Claude– Engineering 1D43– dale.claude@usask.ca; ph: 966-4707

• Technician: Kevin Carter – kjc901@mail.usask.ca; ph: 966-4707

Contact info

• Demonstrator: Vahid Vasoughi– vav028@mail.usask.ca

• Demonstrator: Zakieh Ranjbar– zar225@mail.usask.ca

Course information

• Website:http://engrwww.usask.ca/classes/CHE/414/

• Lab location: Engineering 1D25

• Lab time– Monday 14:30 – 17:30– Tuesday 14:30 – 17:30

Text:

- ChE 414.2 Laboratory Manual

(available online on the course website)

- S. Jeter, J. Donnell. (2004) Writing style and standards in undergraduate reports

Office Hours: open door / email

Rm: 1C129 Eng. Bldg.

What Labs ? • Fermentation: Kinetics of yeast growth • Filtration: Separation of calcium carbonate

from water• Distillation: Continuous separation of

methanol from water• Liquid-Liquid Extraction: Partially miscible

liquids• Boiling and condensing: Heat transfer• Fluidization: Pressure drop and heat

transfer

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

Develop skills in

- Equipment operation

- Data recording

- Analysis of the data using academic theory

- Technical report writing

in the selected typical Chem. Eng. processes

Marking• Lab performance: (4X2.5%)• Lab notebook: 10%• Technical letters: (2X10%)• Brief report: 25%• Formal report: 35%

Overall mark: 100%No exam

90 - 100 80 - 89 70-79 60-69 50-59 <50

Exceptional Excellent Good Satisfactory Minimal Pass Failure

• The mark distribution is only approximate. • Final grades will be assigned at the discretion of the instructor subject to the University Council and College Regulations on Examinations.

Plagiarism is DEFINITELY NOT acceptable!– Copy other people’s report– Citing without referencing the source

Plagiarism results in 0 mark for the report

Be aware of & Follow the new University of Saskatchewan Academic Honesty/Dishonesty definitions, rules and procedures

www.usask.ca/honesty.

Due Date and Overdue Penalty• Due date for the reports:

- 2 weeks after the experiment date.- The date of submission is counted by the date on which the hard copies of your reports are handed in to and signed by Mr. Dale Claude.

AND- Electronic copies of the reports must be sent to both Dale and Dr. Niu by email on the same day for verification.- When submission on weekends, the date of submission of reports by email can be counted, however, the hardcopies of your reports must be handed in to Dale on the following Monday to avoid extra delay penalty.

- 7 “free” late hand-in days for the whole course - Must indicate on your reports when use it to avoid late

penalty.

Due Date and Overdue Penalty

Penalty

- 10% of the full marks of each report per week (1.4%/day, including weekends, and other statuary Holidays), will be deducted from the late reports.

- Submissions including lab notebooks will NOT be accepted after

Dec. 5, 2012.

Requirements

• Lab performance

• Write-ups: technical writing

• Fundamentals of each lab

Laboratory procedure(This slide is courtesy to J. Wiens’ ChE333 Conference Notes 2007)

2 weeks

Lab performance

Be prepared for:• Objectives• Theory / knowledge• Design of experiment• Parameters to be measured• Apparatuses, procedures and principles • Find out: what to learn

Initiate the contact for the pre-lab helpwith the demonstrators & the lab coordinator

Lab performance

• Follow the experimental procedures• Record observations in Lab Notebook• Test the validity of data and/or results • Pay attention to SAFETY issues

– personnel– equipment

During the experiments:

Write-ups / Reports

• Technical memo• Brief report• Formal report

• Lab notebook

Write-ups / Reports

One student is required to hand in– 2 technical letters– 1 brief report– 1 formal report– 1 lab notebook

Write-ups / Reports

No repetition in each group for

– formal report– brief report– technical letters

Write-ups / Reports

You Your partner

Tech. letters Labs A and B Labs C and D

Brief report Lab C Lab A

Formal report Lab D Lab B

Lab notebook Labs A,B,C,D Labs A,B,C,D

In one group, you may label the 4 labs by A, B, C, and D in your own order. Each member of the group should keep the same order.

Lab NotebookNo sheets of paper

Permanently bounded & recorded• Briefly outline the title, date performed, names of

group members, objectives, apparatus, experimental conditions and procedures before labs

Suggest making table for recording data

• Record clearly all original observations, simple calculations of data, & graphs or tables showing salient conclusions from the experiments.

• MUST be examined, dated and initialed by the TAs before leaving the laboratory

Refer to ChE 414 class website for

RULES FOR LABORTORY NOTEBOOKS

Submit the lab notebook at the end of the term (by Dec 5, 2012) for

marking

Lab Notebook

Technical Memorandum• Title and names:

course number name (Your name and state the partner’s name) lab title prepared for (instructor’s name) date lab done date report due state if you use the free late days

• Body of text: maximum two pages  (single spaced)• Introduction

concise introduction of the system used a brief statement of the objectives of the experiment a general description of the procedure followed

Technical Memorandum

• Results and Discussion discussion and comparison of all required results

with values from literature major equations used, but not mixed with text in the

same paragraph a brief table of results or major graphs attached to

support the conclusions. 

• Conclusions and recommendations

• Sign your memo on the last page below the text

Formal Technical Report(double spaced)

– Title page and Table of Contents– Abstract– Table of contents, table of figures, table of tables– Introduction– Review of theory or literature– Experimental Section: apparatus and procedure– Results and Discussion– Conclusions– Recommendations– Nomenclature– References– Appendices

Formal Technical Report

Title page• Course number• Name (Your name and state the partner’s name)• Lab title• Prepared for (instructor’s name)• Date lab done• Date report due• State if you use the free late days

Table of contents

Formal Technical Report

Abstract• State briefly the purpose of the investigation• Describe briefly how the results are obtained• Give all required results in a concise and

quantitative format if possible.• Use words, no tables, figures and equations• Normally no more than 250 words.

Formal Technical Report

Introduction

• Include information on the subject of the investigation and its importance in industry;

• Describe clearly the objectives of the lab;

• Cite the references.

Formal Technical Report

Literature review or theory• Provide sufficient theoretical background

to the particular experiments• Develop the equations or models to correlate

your experimental data. Number the equations.

detailed derivation placed in Appendix

• Describe how to obtain the model parameters and predict the particular system

• Cite the references

Formal Technical Report

Apparatus and Experimental Procedures

• Specify the main apparatuses used make, model and use

• Describe the procedures Highlight important experimental conditions

• Give the names of quality of the materials.

Make sure other people can repeat your work and obtain the same results if they follow your description.

Formal Technical ReportResults and Discussion

• Present the significant experiment results required in the Lab Manual in words and graphs.

• State the data treatment processes and the outcomes.

• Discuss the results of experiments and model simulations or predictions.

• Compare your results with that in literatures if available.

• Logically discuss and lead to conclusions.

Attention• Consistent format

• The unit for every parameters in the equations has to be conformed.

• Figures or Tables in the body of text– Titles of figures, axes, and tables

– Briefly state the experimental conditions

– Experimental data: represented by unique symbol for each group of data in figures

– Modeling curves: different lines with legends– Show model significance when fitting models

Figure 1. Modeling the effect of IS on Cr uptakes40±1 mg AWUS, 20±0.2 mL solution

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0 2 4 6 8 10

Equilibrium Cr concentration (mM)

Cr

up

take

(mm

ol/g

)

without NaCladdition

0.1M NaCl

0.1M NaCl

model predicting curve

model prediction when =1

pH 2.0

relative dev.: 5.1%

relative dev.: 11.5%

error bar: 95% confidence interval

Formal Technical Report

Conclusions and Recommendations

• Conclusions should be summarized following the discussion.

• Lists your suggestions on how we can improve the labs.

Formal Technical Report

Nomenclature• Completely lists the symbols that appear

in your report, their definition and unit in a professional and consistent format.

Refer to a published paper.

Formal Technical Report

References

• Completely lists every reference cited, mentioned or used in the text of the report in a professional and consistent format.

• Follows either the number order or the alphabetical order.

Formal Technical ReportReference format examples

In the text:……Adams concluded that ……1. However, that conclusion may be suspicious because ……2

In the Reference section:

References1. Adams, A. B. title of publication. ……2. Cook, H. M., Author #2, ……

Ref: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

or in the text:It was concluded ( Adams, 2001) that ……. However, that conclusion may be suspicious (Davis and Volesky, 2001) because ……(Niu, et al., 2005)

ReferencesAdams, A. B. year, title of publication, publisher, page (book)Davis, T. and B. Volesky, year, title of paper, journal name, volume, issue, pages (paper)Niu, C., M. Huang and B.Volesky, year ….

Ref: Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering

Formal Technical Report

Appendices

• Raw data (neat with tables)• Calculated data• Sample calculation (using a set of data to

show the steps of calculations) • Tables and Figures

Appendices(Courtesy to Jason Wiens’ ChE333 Conference Notes 2007)

• Raw & Calculated data in tables

• Sample Calculations

For example

1. Calculation of the volumetric flow rate of air through the absorption column

AUQ o

s

mQ

ms

mQ

3

2

5.1

50.00.3

Descriptive title

Keep units

Equation used

Result with proper sig figs

Brief Technical Report– Title page and Table of contents – Summary

- a brief introduction stating the nature and purpose of the investigation - a brief explanation of the procedures and apparatuses - a summary of all the required most significant quantitative results (no tables, figures and equations)

– Results and Discussion: include major graphs or tables The most important theory should be mentioned here.– Conclusions– Recommendations– Nomenclature if applicable– Appendices: raw and calculated data and a sample

calculation

Absence of abstract, introduction, theory/literature review, materials and methods sections.

1. Brief report: the maximum length of the main body of text is 8-10 pages. The main body of text includes Summary, Results and Discussion, Conclusions, and Recommendations. The maximum

number of graphs or tables are five. The other requirements remain same as described in the Lab Conference Notes.

2. Formal report: the maximum length of the main body of text is 15-16 pages with most significant graphs included in the text. The

main body includes the sections from Introduction to Recommendations as described in the Lab Conference Notes.

The other requirements remain same as that in the Lab Conference Notes.

3. Your brief and formal reports are marked by me and memos by the lab demonstrators.

A good report

• Careful measurements• Correct calculations• Understanding and use of the

theory or models• Logical discussions• Correct conclusions

OrganizedClarityNo grammar & typographical errors

• References

Important dates• September 17: First day of labs• Sept 19: Last day for making changes in

registration for T1 classes • Oct 8 (Mon): Thanksgiving – Univ. Closed• Nov 12 (Mon): Remembrance Day• Nov 15: Last day to drop T1 Fall Term classes

without academic penalty• Dec 5: Last day of classes

Last day to hand in laboratory reports and laboratory notebooks for marking

Summary

• Academic theory understanding• Lab performance• WRITEUPS

Successful!