chemical bonding: part 2 – covalent
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Chemical Bonding: PART 2 – COVALENT. You know you LOVE notes because they help you learn! . s. Chemical. Bond. 8. Chemical bonding is the way atoms are attracted to each other to form compounds. Bonding Basics. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Chemical Bonding: PART 2 – COVALENT
You know you LOVE notes because they
help you learn!
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Chemical bonding is the way atoms are attracted to each other to form compounds.
s
8
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Bonding Basics• All atoms want to have a
FULL outer energy level – just like the Noble Gases – because this means stability!
• Atoms want 8 valence electrons (except H & He who want 2 because 2 electrons mean FULL)
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Cl
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ClCl
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Cl Cl
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Cl Cl
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Cl Cl
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Cl Cloctet
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Cl Cloctet
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Cl Cloctet octet
SHARED ELECTRONS
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Covalent Bonds
Cl Cloctet octet
1.Covalent Bonds are formed when atoms SHARE one or more electrons to complete their outer shell
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Covalent Bonds
Cl Cloctet octet
2. Non-metal + Non-metal (gay marriage)
3. “Co” = sharing”valent” = valence electrons
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Molecules• Fundamental unit
of covalent compounds
• Any group of atoms held together by covalent bonds
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Single Bonds
Cl Cl
1. One bonding PAIR
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Cl Cl
Single Bonds1. One bonding PAIR2. Abbreviated with a
dash
Cl Cl
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Single Bonds1. One bonding PAIR2. Abbreviated with a
dash3. This is a chlorine molecule Cl2
Cl Cl
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****Remember***The straight line represent
TWO electrons, one from each atom
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Double Bonds
O2Ex. Molecular Oxygen
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How will two oxygen atoms
bond?
OODouble Bonds
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OOEach atom has two unpaired electrons
Double Bonds
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OODouble Bonds
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OODouble Bonds
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OO• Both atoms of Oxygen want to gain two electrons
Double Bonds
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OODouble Bonds
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OODouble Bonds
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OODouble Bonds
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OODouble Bonds
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OO• Both electron pairs
are shared
Double Bonds
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6 valence electronsplus 2 shared electrons
= full octet
OODouble Bonds
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OODouble Bonds
6 valence electronsplus 2 shared electrons
= full octet
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• two bonding pairs,
OOmaking a double bond
Double Bonds
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OO=• For convenience, the
double bond can be shown as two
dashes.
OODouble Bonds
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Double Bonds1. Two bonding PAIRS
O O
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O O
Double Bonds1. Two bonding PAIRS2. Abbreviated with 2
dashes
O O
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Double Bonds1. Two bonding PAIRS2. Abbreviated with 2
dashes3. This is a Oxygen molecule O2
O O
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OO=This is the oxygen
molecule,O2
this is so
cool!!
Double Bonds
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GROUP PRACTIC
E!
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1. F and F?
What type of bond?
2. F and H?
3. Na and F?
A = covalent bond
A = covalent bond
A = ionic bond
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4. O and H?
What type of bond?
5. Mg and I?
6. C and C?
A = covalent bond
A = ionic bond
A = covalent bond
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1. H + H H2
Practice Building Covalent Bonds
H HH H+H H- SINGLE
COVALENT
BOND
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2. How does Carbon bond with Hydrogen?
Practice Building Covalent Bonds
C HH
HH
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2. How does Carbon bond with Hydrogen?
Practice Building Covalent Bonds
C HH
HH
4 single
covalent bonds
C + H CH4
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2. How does Nitrogen bond with Nitrogen?
Practice Building Covalent Bonds
TRIPLE COVALEN
T BOND
N N---N N+ N N
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2. How does Nitrogen bond with Nitrogen?
Practice Building Covalent Bonds
N + N N2
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Enjoy your Day!
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And Remember
:
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