Chemical Synthesis

Lesson 4

Learning objective: To understand the stages involved and techniques used when planning a chemical synthesis.

• Must: Know the stages and techniques used during a chemical synthesis.

• Should: Be able to make a soluble salt.• Could: Explain all the stages and techniques

used.• Keywords: Synthesis, techniques, plan

reactant and product.

Why do new medicines need to be developed?

Combinational chemistry.

• Discover:• Watch the following short

clip about the development of a new drug.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oisCUrYbx2Q&safe=active

• Pay particular attention to the stages involved in the development.

What are the stages in a chemical synthesis?

• 1. Separate product from reaction mixture.• 2. Work out quantities of reactants needed.• 3. Purify the product.

• 4. Risk assessment.• 5. Choose suitable equipment and reaction

conditions.• 6. Measure yield and check purity.• 7. Choose the reaction or series of reactions.

Rearrange these and note in your exercise book with a justification for each stage

Experimental techniques - NHT.

• What do these techniques do?• 1. Dissolving.• 2. Filtration.• 3. Evaporation.• 4. Crystallisation.• 5. Drying in oven or dessicator.

Testing understanding.• Complete the questions on slides five and six• Write a day (or two) in the life of a molecule

involved in the synthesis of a new drug. You should be one of the starting reagents and still be present in the finished drug. Describe the whole process from slides 3-6 from the molecules point of view. Two sides of A4. All red words must be defined.

• EXT- Describe in 100 words or less how this new drug will be tested. Spectroscopy and medical trials should feature.