chemistry chapter 6 the periodic table. developed by dimitri mendeleev in 1869 arranges the elements...
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The 1 st Periodic TableTRANSCRIPT
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Chemistry
Chapter 6The Periodic Table
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The Periodic Table
• Developed by DimitriMendeleev in 1869
• Arranges the elements by similarities in their chemicalproperties
• Each element has a unique symbol and atomic number
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The 1st Periodic Table
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Metals v. Nonmetals
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Example
Classify the following elements as metals or nonmentals.Bromine TungstenMagnesium PhosphorusMercury LithiumHydrogen Neon
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Electron Configurations
• The periodic table is arranged by electron configurations
• Unknown to Mendeleev and Moseley• Elements with the same electron
configuration in the outer energy level are in the same groups
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Transition Metals
• These are the d-block and f-block metals• Form colored compounds• Typically are more dense, and have higher
melting and boiling points than s-block metals
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Noble Gases
• The last group discovered because of inertness
• In 1895 argon was successfully isolated from air
• Soon after other noble gases were isolated and they were added to the periodic table
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Alkali Metals• All highly reactive and are never
found in elemental form in nature • Soft metals• React readily with water to form
bases• All electron configurations end with
ns1
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Alkaline Earth Metals• Much less reactive than alkali
metals• Soft metals• Can be made to react with water to
form bases• All electron configurations end with
ns2
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Halogens• Most reactive nonmetals• Are all found as diatomic molecules
in their pure form• Contain gases, a liquid, and solids• All electron configurations end with
ns2np5
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Example
Classify the following elements as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, halogens, or noble gases.BromineMagnesiumMercuryLithium NeonTungsten
HalogenAlkaline Earth MetalTransition MetalAlkali MetalNoble GasTransition Metal