chemistry review & organic chemistry. isotopes archaeological dating – carbon-14 can be used...
TRANSCRIPT
Chemistry Review & Organic Chemistry Review & Organic ChemistryChemistry
Isotopes
Isotopes• Archaeological Dating
– Carbon-14 can be used to determine how long ago the organism died
• Smoke Detectors– Americium-241 – can detect smoke from
fire early
Isotopes• Food Irradiation
– Cobalt-60 is used to irradiate bacteria on food
• Medicinal Uses– To detect location of
diseased tissue for specific treatment
– Thallium-201 used for stress test to detect blood-starved heart tissue
Intra Molecular Bonds
A. Ionic Bonds:
B. Covalent
• Non-polar Covalent
Polar Covalent Bonds
Why does this happen?
Ionic versus Covalent BondingIonic• Metal cation + non-metal
anion
Covalent• 2 neutral non-metal atoms
Intermolecular Bonds
A. Dipole-dipole bonds
B. Hydrogen bonds
C. London Forces- Weakest intermolecular force
Why is ice less dense than water?
Water Molecule Structure-Properties of water exist because of its molecular structure
High Surface Tension
Liquid at Room Temperature
High light transmission
• Colourless substance
Strong Cohesive Properties & High Tensile Strength
The Versatile Solvent• “like” molecules
dissolve in “like” molecules
• Polar molecules =
• Non-polar molecules =
High Specific Heat Capacity
Biological Structures
DNA
Carbohydrates
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
ALKANES
ALKENES
QUESTIONS
• Alkanes are considered to be saturated, while alkenes and alkynes are considered to be unsaturated. Looking at the diagrams what is the difference between a saturated molecule and an unsaturated molecule?
• Have you heard of saturated and unsaturated molecules before? Where can you find them in your diet?
CYCLIC
AROMATICS
FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
• Electronegative atoms like O, N, F that are on a hydrocarbon
• How would such a group change the properties of the molecule?
1-pentanol