chest x ray
TRANSCRIPT
THE CHEST X-RAY
CONTENTS:•DENSITIES
•TECHNIQUES
•TECHNICAL FACTORS
•ANATOMY
•INTERPRETATION
•COMMON PATHOLOGIES
DENSITIES THE BIG TWO DENSITIES ARE:
(1) WHITE - BONE
(2) BLACK - AIR
THE OTHERS ARE:
(3) DARK GREY- FAT
(4) GREY- SOFT TISSUE
AND IF ANYTHING MAN-MADE IS ON THE FILM, IT IS:
(5) BRIGHT WHITE - MAN-MADE
DIFFERENT VIEWS
Standard views
1. Postero-anterior (P/A)
2. Lateral (right/left)
Additional views
1. Oblique view (ribs)
2. Apical lordotic view
3. Expiration view
4. Decubitus view
TECHNIQUES - PROJECTION•P-A (RELATION OF X-RAY BEAM TO PATIENT)
TECHNIQUES PROJECTION •LATERAL DECUBITUS
TECHNICAL DETAILS
•PROJECTION
•ORIENTATION
•ROTATION
•INSPIRATION/EXPIRATION
•PENETRATION
AP VS PAProjection
ORIENTATION
ROTATION
ROTATION
Penetration
?
ANATOMY
LOBES• RIGHT UPPER LOBE:
• RIGHT MIDDLE LOBE:
• RIGHT LOWER LOBE:
• LEFT LOWER LOBE:
• LEFT UPPER LOBE WITH LINGULA:
HILUM THIS RESULTS FROM THE SUPERIOR PULMONARY VEIN CROSSING THE LOWER LOBE PULMONARY ARTERY.
THE POINT OF INTERSECTION IS KNOWN AS THE HILAR POINT.
BOTH HILAR SHOULD BE CONCAVE.
BOTH HILAR SHOULD BE OF SIMILAR DENSITY.
HILUM
LATERAL CXR
REPORTING:• WRITTEN INFORMATION ON IMAGE
(NAME, GENDER, DATE, MARKER)
• LUNGS
• HEART
• MEDIASTINUM AND HILA
• CP ANGLES
• BONES
• SOFT TISSUES
• BELOW THE DIAPHRAGM
?
IDENTIFY THE LESION → LOCALISE THE LESION → DESCRIBE THE LESION → GIVE DD
NEVER STOP LOOKING, CARRY ON WITH YOUR SYSTEMATIC APPROACH!!
PATHOLOGY
THANK YOU