WELCOMEBIENVENUE

KALOSHRQATEפנים קבלת

از استقبالVELKOMSTORD

歓迎BIENVENIDO

ترحيبHERZLICH WILLKOMME

OUR GROUP

Samina Naseem

Nasreen Fatima

Georgina Bikas

Presentation OutlineSamina: History/Evolution, Philosophy

Nasreen: Roles and Training of an ECE

Georgina: Availability and Accessibility of service, Program Structure, Types of Childcare Systems

ACTION = CLASS INVOLVEMENT

When you see a slide with the word ACTION, this means you must do whatever the action is.

The purpose of this is to keep you involved as well as focused on our slides eagerly awaiting the next ACTION!

Lets practice!

U.S.A Anthem: “The Star-Spangled Banner”

Motto: In God We Trust

Capital: Washington, D.C.

Largest city: New York City

National Language: English

President: Barack Obama

Currency: United States Dollar ($) USD

States: 50 states

Independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain- July 4, 1776.

ACTION = CLAP WITH ENTHUSIASM

Please Welcome our first presenter: Samina Naseem

Main Purpose of Childcare Establishment

To assist immigrant children

Gives care for poor children while their parents work

“Day care or childcare”, according to Scarr and Weinberg (1986), “ was founded……as a social service to alleviate the childcare problems of parents who had to work, and to prevent young children from wandering the streets(p.114)”.

History of Childcare in the United States of America:

During World War 1 and 2, women were needed in the work force

Federal Government sponsored the daycares during the war

After the war ended the Federal government stopped all support for childcare

The Federal Government encouraged women to stay home with their children

Women were not pleased with the government's stance and preferred to be involved in the work force

Some private charities established daycares in the 1850’s for the sake of working mothers

In 1854, the first New York Day Nursery was established

Evolution of Childcare in New York

Over one half of the Preschooler’s mothers are employed

Nearly equal numbers of single parents are employed

There was a constant increase in the labor force among women since WWII

Today, parents are more in need of quality childcare

Many types of child care programs available in New York

Provide care, safety and activities that help children learn and develop.

Childcare Agencies In New York

The Early Care and Learning Council was established in 1975

The Early Care and Learning Council is a state-wide, not for profit organization that promotes quality childcare

The ECLC (Early Care and Learning Council) works in partnership with networks of local Child Care Resource & Referral services (CCR&R)

New York Child Care Resource & Referral Program

Helps families in finding child care

Assists in finding financial aid for families

Educates families about quality child care

Offers Childcare Providers professional development

Serves as a source of information to employers

Encourages the government as well as the public to support the expansion of quality care

Philosophies

The Early Care & Learning Council shares this philosophy: “All of us want a kinder nation. We know that if we begin by valuing our children and respecting each one of them for who they are, we will be kinder and more in tune to each child’s needs. Thus, children will learn kindness and peace.”

Center for Children’ Initiatives (CCI): The Center for Children’s Initiatives (CCI) believes all children have a right to start life with the best possible foundation and we provide policy makers with recommendations rooted in real life insight on the ever shifting terrain of families’ needs and those of early learning services.

New York State Office of Children and Family Services (OCFS) : The Office of Children and Family Services serves New York’s public by promoting the safety, permanency and well-being of our children, families and communities. We will achieve results by setting and enforcing policies, building partnerships and funding and providing quality services.

Summation The purpose for the establishment of child care in U.S.A is to help the

poor and immigrated children when their parents have to work to try to survive in a new land.

During the World War 1 and 2 in U.SA, women were needed to work in the work force to make materials for war. Therefore, the Federal Government sponsored day cares so the children of the women, who work can be taken care of.

After the war ended, the Federal Government gave up all the favors for child care and advised the women to stay in their homes with their children.

The women who work didn’t like this suggestion and insisted to work rather than to stay home. Therefore, some private charities established day cares for helping these women.

Nowadays, in New York more than one half of the mothers are employed and their children are attending the child care centers.

Various types of child care services are working in New York to help parents to find an affordable and a quality child care for their children.

ACTION = CLAP HANDS WITH ENTHUSIASM

Please welcome our second presenter:Nasreen Fatima

ECE is similar to a guide whose role is to lead other down new paths

Responsive to children needs

Planning a safe, healthy learning environment

Encourage children to be independent

Warm and caring

Create a positive attitude and guidance

Encourage co-operative relationship

Fosters relationships with parents

Observant and record child behavior

TrainingTraining is learning new and updated

information to improve the skills needed for a profession

Training requirements are different in each state. In United States, like every profession, the childcare providers must take training to strengthen his/her skills.

In the New York ongoing training and professional development is required to maintain a license.

States training requirements are high in a child care centres and less for a family childcare providers.

TrainingTraining is but not limited to:

Less than a high school diploma

Child Development Associate (CDA) credentials

Community College courses

College degree in Child Development or ECE

In New York, minimum education for childcare providers is just experience with high school diploma and 15 hours of annual training. Other orientation training, fire & safety, health & safety, first aid and CPR training is not necessary

NACCRRA or National Association of Child Care Agencies

The National Association of Child Care Resource & Referral Agencies (NACCRRA), is responsible for training and quality child care.

According to NACCRRA there are mainly two types of training:

1. Initial training

2. Ongoing training

Initial Training In initial training it is necessary to have health and

safety training and child development information It can also include: Previous experience Training workshops Child Development Associate (CDA) credentials State Early Childhood endorsement, credential or

certificate College credit hours in Early Childhood Education

or child development or a related field. AA degree or a BA degree in Early Childhood

Education, child development or related field.

Initial Training Continued

NACCRRA recommendations:

All childcare providers required to complete a minimum of 40 hours of initial training before start working alone with children

Ongoing TrainingTo maintain quality practice, ECEs must learn

new facts and skills for their profession. In the USA ongoing training is required.

NACCRRA recommendations:

All child care providers should have to complete at least 24 hours of ongoing trainings that will lead to CDA credentials

Health and SafetyHealth and Safety training:

Identifying and reporting child abuse and neglect

CPR

First Aid

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) prevention

Blood borne infection

Administering medications

Where Training Can Be Found

Child Care Recourses and Referral Agencies (CCR&R), offer training and they can guide someone to training sources as well as provide support to existing child care providers

NAEYC is the national association for education of young children

National Association for Family Child Care, (NAFCC)

Community or local Colleges, universities

Social services and health agencies

Private organizations and other child care programs

Other Resources for Training

Department of Education

Video teleconferences (National award winning video)

Educational incentive programs (through Scholarship)

Early Childhood Education Training Program (ECETP) provides quality training services in New York by videoconferences.

Hours of Training RequiredTotal 30 hrs of training in 2 years is required and

15 hrs of the training must be completed in the first month for the following groups:

Group family daycare providers and assistants Staff of school age childcare programs Registered small daycares centers Daycare centres

Hours of Training Required

Registered family daycare providers required to complete 30 hrs of training for each registration period and 15 hrs out of it must be completed during first 6 months of registration

Free online mandated training of 2 hrs; credit for the topic will be issued

Nasreen’s Summary For the building up of a better society, ECE’s play a very important role by

providing a strong foundation by developing a strong personality in children

NACCRRA is the National Association of Child Care Agencies and it recommends requirements for qualification and training to early childcare providers

CCR&R, NAEYC, NAFCC, agencies of social services, colleges, universities and some private organizations are the main resources for ECE training

There are some video teleconference training sessions available through the New York Office of Children Services as well as the University of New York

To maintain quality, child care providers must complete the required training hours

Training helps child care providers to obtain the new and updated information to improve the skills needed to provide a healthy development to children

ACTION = CLAP HANDS WITH ENTHUSIASM

Availability and Accessibility

Families may be eligible for free or low cost child care depending on their families income or reason for requiring childcare.

The Administration for Children's Services (ACS) funds free or low cost childcare for eligible families living in the state of New York.

ACS provides services through Childcare Centers as well as in Family Childcare Networks

Types of Childcare Systems

Group Childcare Centres: Certified teachers care for your child in a licensed childcare centre. They are capable of offering childcare for ages 6 weeks up to kindergarten.

Family Childcare Networks: Childcare is provided in registered family childcare homes and licensed group family child care homes. Family childcare is available for children ages 6 weeks to 12 years.

Children with documented special needs may be eligible to receive this service up to the age of 18.

Family Childcare Homes: A provider cares for up to 6 children depending on the age of the children in the providers home. This provider must be registered by the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene.

Group Family Childcare Homes: A provider cares for up to 12 children depending on the age of the children in the providers home. A provider must use an assistant if more than 6 children are in attendance. This provider must be registered by the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene.

Head Start: This is a free early year educational program offered to children ages 3 – 4, who are living in very low income families.

Out of School Time (OST): This an after school program offered at no cost. It provides academics, arts, music and sports to all school age children from elementary to high school.

ACS’s Role for Health and Safety

ACS performs regular check ups to all of their funded programs

Visits to every Family Childcare Home is performed regularly

Background checks are done on every ACS staff member as well as other family members living in a Registered Family Childcare Home; checking for records of abuse, neglect or criminal record.

A routine medical check up is conducted annually on every ACS staff member as well as members living in a Registered Family Childcare Home.

Other Childcare Options Higher-income families have the option of hiring an au pair or a

nanny to provide in-home care.

There are no licensing requirements for being an au pair or a nanny. However, there are interview processes and agencies that can assist with this process.

Au pairs or nannies provide more than routine child care; they often assist with daily household activities, including running errands, shopping, doing laundry, preparing meals, and cleaning the house.

Universal Pre-Kindergarten (UPK): a free educational program available through the Department of Education for eligible 4 year olds.

UPK offers either a half or full day program in a local elementary schools or community based sites.

The Bureau of Child Care is the regulatory agency for child care services (public and private) operating within New York City

THE EARLY CHILDHOOD INCLUSION NETWORK

Began in New York in the late 1980s

This network is made up of different professionals working in childcare, such as: representatives from special education and from child care, representatives from the university-based Early Childhood Direction Center, and representatives from the Health Department

This network believes, “It is critical that child care providers are empowered and supported to include children with disabilities.”

“It is critical that representatives from child care and special education come together to learn about each other's perspectives and formulate strategies for working together.”

The Early Childhood Inclusion Networks goal is focused on issues related to planning and implementing increased inclusion in ways that maintain quality child care programs for all

Hours of OperationChildcare Centres are generally open from 8am

– 6pm, Monday through Friday.

Some Family Childcare Providers open early, stay open late, and also provide weekend hours.

Weekend hours benefit single parents who are dedicated to a profession requiring shift work.

Program Structure Office of Family and Child Services: The Office of Children and

Family Services serves (OCFS) New York's public by promoting the safety, permanency and well-being of their children, families and communities.

The Childcare centre must have a planned program of activities which are developmentally appropriate for cognitive, social, emotional, physical and language skills 

Children must be provided with a program of self-initiated, group-initiated and staff-initiated activities 

A written daily schedule of program activities and routines must be provided. The program should include snack and meal periods, nap and rest periods, indoor and outdoor activities, and activities which provide children with opportunities for learning and self-expression in small and large groups 

When night care is provided, this schedule must include a routine of good personal hygiene, including changing into night-clothes, brushing teeth, and washing before bed in the manner to be agreed upon between the parent(s) and the childcare provider 

The child day care center must offer a variety of materials and play equipment to the children. Such materials and equipment must be appropriate to the ages of the children and their developmental levels and interests, including children with developmental delays or disabilities, that promote the children's cognitive, educational, social, cultural, physical, emotional, language and recreational development

Children must be allowed freedom of movement and must be provided with an environment designed to develop such skills as crawling, standing, walking and running 

The environment must provide children an opportunity to choose between quiet activities and active play 

Daily supervised outdoor play is required for all children, except during inclement or extreme weather or unless otherwise ordered by a health care provider. Parents may request for their children to remain indoors so long as required staff/child ratios are maintained 

Except while sleeping, awaking or going to sleep, an infant must not be left in a crib, playpen or other confined space for more than 30 minutes. Other than at meals or snack time, a child must not be left in a high chair for longer than 15 minutes 

For children unable to nap, time and space must be provided for quiet play. Children must not be forced to rest for long periods of time. Sleeping arrangements for infants require that the infant be placed on his or her back to sleep, unless medical information is presented to the provider by the parent that shows that arrangement is inappropriate for that child 

The child day care center must offer information about other community resources to families when they are in need of supportive social services not otherwise provided by the child day care center 

Summary Within New York the availability and accessibility of childcare services are

vast. Luckily New York caters to all economic classes and encourages quality childcare.

The Early Childhood Inclusion Networks began in New York in the late 1980’s. It’s goal is focused on issues related to planning and implementing increased inclusion in ways that maintain quality child care programs for all

Administration for Children's Services (ACS) funds free or low cost childcare for eligible families living in the state of New York.

Childcare centers/services are regulated and monitored to ensure quality childcare.

Program Structures vary but maintain the same goal through the The Office of Children and Family Services (OCFS)

There are many types of Childcare Systems available in New York such as Family Childcare Homes, Group Family Childcare Homes, Head Start, Out of School Time (OST), Universal Pre-Kindergarten (UPK)

The Bureau of Child Care is the regulatory agency for child care services (public and private) operating within New York City

Source of Information Essentials of Early Childhood Education; Carol Gestwicki,

Jane Bertrand

http://www.nncc.org/choose.quality.care/ccyesterd.html 

http://www.earlycareandlearning.org/ 

http://www.ocfs.state.ny.us/main/childcare/brochure.asp 

http://family.jrank.org/pages/226/Childcare.html

http://www.naccrra.org/policy/state_licensing/cst_minimum_edu.php

http://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/1825/Child-Care.html

http://www.nyc.gov/cgi-bin/misc/pfprinter.cgi?action=print&sitename=DOHMH&printstyle=other

http://www.ocfs.state.ny.us/main/childcare/regs/418-1_CDCC_regs.asp#s7

Source of Information hhttp://www.ocfs.state.ny.us/main/childcare/default.asp

http://www.ocfs.state.ny.us/main/childcare/default.asp

http://thechp.syr.edu/einter.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day_care

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States

http://www.toronto.ca/children/contact_us.htm

http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/childcare/choosing.html

http://www.earlychildhoodnyc.org/education/http://getstarted.childcareware.org/en/training/types-of-training#PreserviceTraining

Source of Information

http://www.ecetp.pdp.albany.edu/about_ecetp.shtm

http://www.ecetp.pdp.albany.edu/videoconferencing.shtm

http://www.ecetp.pdp.albany.edu/about_cda.shtm

www.ocfs.state.ny.us/main/children/trainig.asp

www.bls.gov/ocos170.htm#training

http://www.aeceo.ca/content/our-purpose.html

http://atwork.settlement.org/sys/atwork_whatshappen_detail.asp?anno_id=2007781

http://www.ccsc-cssge.ca/english/guide/search.cfm?tag=Requirements

http://www.ocfs.state.ny.us/main/about/