CHILD CARE FROM A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE.

CHILD CARE IN GERMANY.

Group members:Shuli HuangSusana Cruz-Castro Yun Chen Saliha ShahAnhelina Butkevich

Content

Types of childcare system (Yun Chen)

History of childcare system (Anhelina Butkevich)

Philosophy of childcare’s system (Shuli Huang)

Availability of childcare (Saliha Shah)

Accessibility of childcare (Susana Cruz-Castro)

Role of training in childcare (Shuli Huang)

Summary (Yun Chen)

Types of childcare in Ontario

Licensed child care centres: licensed by the Province of Ontario, must meet the Day Nurseries Standards, 0-12 years (infants, toddlers, preschool, and school age)

Licensed Home Child Care: provided by licensed agencies, offer early learning and care in approved home, 0-12 years (infants, toddlers, preschool, and school age)

Nursery schools: offer preschool children 2-5 years of age with an introductory learning experience, morning or afternoon

After-school and recreation care: unlicensed programs for children 6-12 years offered by Toronto Parks, Forestry and Recreation

Family Recourse programs: offer a range of services that support parents and caregivers in their caregiver role, including playgroups, drop-ins, resources, toy lending libraries, workshops, child care registries, etc.

Types of Child Care in Germany

1. Types of Kitas (Kindertagesstatte): Kinderkrippe: 0-3 years, different fee, different region Kindergarten: 3-6 years, tuition based on income, most children

attend Kitas: 11-12 years, before or after school, popular, with fee

2. Schulhort: pupils of elementary school (Grundschule-up to 11-12), pre and after school

3. Privately Operated Childcares Kinderladen: with fee, offer activities for pre-schoolers Schlerladen: with fee, offer after-school activities

History of child care in Ontario

1887 => The first Toronto Kindergarten. 1920-30-s => Mother’s Allowance Act & The

Institute of Child Study (St. George's Nursery) was established.

WW II "Dominion-Provincial War Time Agreement" (men went

to war, women – to work => demand for child care)

1945 => At the end of the War, federal funding was withdrawn

History of child care in Ontario

1946 => The Day Nursery and Day Care Parents' Association

1950: more women at workplace => demand for child care. The Nursery Education Association of Ontario

1966: The federal Canada Assistance Plan 70-80-s Ontario Coalition for Better Child 1996: Canada Health & Social Transfer Plan,

The Canada Assistance Plan 2003: Universal Child Care Benefit

History of German child care…

• goes back to the beginning of 19th century.

• Just taking care of children (no education) – for working class; to prepare for school (for wealthy class)

• 1840 – Vrobel introduced first Kindergarten! Introduced cognitive, intellectual developmental in child care.

• Funding – charity and churches

• 1933 – New Governmental power

• WW II – women worked, demand for child care centres

• after the war - Federal Republic of Germany and German Democratic Republic => different levels of development

Philosophy of childcare system in

Ontario 5% or lower of men in the ECE field

The average wage is $14,4-16

The childcare subsidy program; the subsidy is provided directly to childcare programs in each community

The Ontario government has recently implemented full day early learning for children in kindergarten

Diploma or degree from a program related to the practice of early childhood education is required (at least four semesters)

tax-free monthly payment that helps low-income and middle-income families pay for the costs of raising children under 7 seven years of age

Philosophy of German system of childcare

Only 1/3 of children of age 5 and under have a slot in full-time childcare in Germany.

Most preschools only offer half-days and only have 5 percent coverage for working mothers.

Children in kindergarten must go home for lunch, which usually consists of a 2 hour mid-day break in the school day.

Childcare during school vacations is limited. Before and after-school childcare programs are

also scarce

Availability of childcare in Ontario

In Ontario childcare centers= infants, toddlers, pre-schoolers, school aged children

Nursery schools

Full daycare

Extended hours care

After school programs

In Ontario childcare is available for special needs children up to age 18

Availability of childcare in Germany

1990 = 88% of children ages 3-6 had availability to childcare

Only 3% of children under 3 had the same availability to childcare

Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) in Germany assure education or care for children over 3

In 2002, the total amount of various childcare facilities in Germany is approximately 3.1 million throughout both East and West Germany

Childcare in Germany is made available to parents by local government

Availability of child care in Germany Daycare service’s availability vary per region

Type of pre-school called Kita=childcare services also

Maximum age 11 to12

In March 2010=56% of children were in daycares in Eastern state of Saxony-Anhalt and 14% in Western state of North Rhine-Westphalia

Available to children that have older siblings already attending the childcare centers

Children over the age of 3 have a right on childcare

In 2013-2014 children starting from 12 months will have a right on childcare

Accessibility of child care in Ontario

Childcare subsidy is available to parents who have children under the age of 12 or until they are18 if they have a disability.

Several families can’t find space in child care and are on long waiting lists.

Accessibility of child care in Germany• In Germany many parents need to go back work to support the

household. Due to this there was a new law passed in 2005. This law enforces that there be help for preschool age children for these parents based on their income.

• Children start Nursery School/Kindergarten as young as 3 Years of age.

• Subsidized school payment is available when you enroll your child.

• There are 3 different types of babysitting and after school available.

Accessibility of child care in Germany

In West Germany during the 1990’s there was 75% less children under the age of the 3 that were under childcare compared to the East.

The amount of single working mothers and career oriented mothers are scarce due to the lack of help and usually leads to the mother staying home.

There are three types of financial add to help these and lower class families.

Role of training in childcare system in Ontario

ECEs work with children from infancy to age 12, including children with special needs.

Assessing children’s developmental needs and stages; Planning and delivering activities that help children make

developmental progress; Maintaining healthy emotional and social learning

environments for children; Assessing children’s progress and communicating with

parents and supervisors about children’s developmental progress.

Early Childhood Education Diploma or degree Knowledge of licensing regulations;

Knowledge of Day Nurseries Act

Role of training in German childcare system

The focus of academically, socially, emotionally, and physically preparing child during this age range

The focus of protecting and caring for the child in the absence of his/her primary care giver.

Ensure that the children are supervised at all times. Act as a liaison between the children and parents addressing problems and answering.

While working as a lead teacher in a classroom the primary responsibility of this role is to mentor staff assigned to their team.

Certified Special Ed Teacher High school diploma (ECA)

Summary

• CHILDCARE IN GERMANY IS MADE AVAILABLE TO PARENTS BY THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT

• EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE (ECEC) IN GERMANY ASSURE EDUCATION OR CARE FOR CHILDREN OVER THE AGE OF 3 AS COMPARED TO CHILDREN UNDER THE AGE OF 3

• WHEREAS, IN ONTARIO THERE ARE CHILDCARE CENTERS FOR INFANTS, TODDLERS, PRE-SCHOOLERS, SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN WHICH CONTAIN;

NURSERY SCHOOLS FULL DAYCARE EXTENDED HOURS CARE AFTER SCHOOL PROGRAMS

CHILD CARE OF GERMANY INTRODUCES THE WORLD KINDERGARTEN

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