childhood obesity – strengthening the capacity of healthcare providers to work in multicultural...
TRANSCRIPT
CMA FOUNDATION CHILDHOOD OBESITY MULTICULTURAL
COMMUNICATIONS WEBINAR
Childhood Obesity – Strengthening the Capacity of Healthcare Providers to Work in Multicultural Communities in the Clinical Setting
LATINO COMMUNITY WEBINAR|OCTOBER 10, 2012
Webinar Faculty
Linda Gallegos, RN, CDEHealthCare Partners
El Monte CA
Mayra Rosado, MD, MPHHealthCare Partners
El Monte CA
Disclosure StatementWe have no relevant financial relationships with the
manufacturer(s) of any commercial product(s) and/or provider(s) of commercial services discussed in this activity.
We do not intend to discuss an unapproved/investigative use of a commercial product/device in my presentation.
Webinar ObjectivesUsing a case presentation format, participants will be able to:
Identify how culture and ethnicity can influence patient decision making related to childhood overweight and obesity within the Latino Community.
Describe effective patient/provider communication techniques to help families understand behaviors they can take to help their child reach a healthy weight, particularly focusing on increasing healthy food choices.
Determine how and when to access support in their communication, particularly involving nutritionists and dietitians.
The Partnership In 2010, the Federal Office of Minority Health,
provided funding support to the California Office of Multicultural Health to initiate a partnership with the CMA Foundation to increase awareness among healthcare professionals about the impact and importance of race, ethnicity and culture on pediatric overweight and obesity.
This collaboration lead to the update of the Child and Adolescent Obesity Provider Toolkit in 2011 and the development of a series of webinars to provide additional support to healthcare professionals addressing these issues in 2012.
Teen Female Obesity Rate
Teen Male Obesity Rate
Risk of Being Diagnosed with Diabetes Lifetime Risk for Diabetes Mellitus in the United States. Journal of the American
Medical Association.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
27%
45%
40%
31%
53%
49%Caucasian Males
Hispanic Males
African-American Males
Caucasian Females
Hispanic Females
African-American Females
The National Council of La Raza also reports that one out of two Latino children born in the year 2000 will develop diabetes.
There are more than 16 million Latino children under the age of 18 living in the US.
These children are at greater risk for developing health and psychological problems because of their higher risk of overweight and obesity.
In 2010, 27% of Latinos lived in poverty in the US, compared to 15% of the total population. (National Poverty Center) As a result more than a quarter of Latinos live in neighborhoods with limited access to healthy food choices and safe locations for physical activity.
Their neighborhoods often include more fast food and convenience stores and may not have access to locations for safe walking or
physical activity.
Why is This Important
Linking Patient Communication to Health Outcomes
Communication
Patient Satisfaction
Patient Adherence
Health Outcomes
This makes it critical to identify how we improve communication with our ethnically diverse patients to improve health outcomes.
Developed by Joseph Betancourt, MD, MPH Harvard Medical School
Understanding the Latino Community
Myths & Misconceptions “All Latinos are the same.” Latinos
encompass more than one culture. Latinos come from many different countries and have “adapted” to the US culture in varying degrees. Be careful not to stereotype.
There may also be differences based on whether the Latino patient you are seeing is a new immigrant or has been in the US for a number of years.
Levels of education and literacy can play a key role in influencing health decision making as well.
Working with My PatientsLatinos often associate a child’s weight with overall health. A chubby child can be seen as a healthy child. Parents may purchase healthy foods that their kids won’t eat. If the child doesn’t eat the food, they then may buy what their child wants because they don’t want to say “No” to their child.
When I begin my evaluation, I first assess the family’s current health behaviors that can influence achieving and maintaining a healthy weight. I start by identifying –
Eating behaviors and food preferences for the child at home and at school.
Daily activities and exercise patterns.
The same for entire household as well.
Working with My PatientsNext I consider the cultural barriers to changing the patient’s current behavior patterns because identifying these potential blockages is critical for my patient and I to identify areas for change. 1) Ask whether there are any concerns regarding the child’s weight.
2) Get a sense of their nutritional knowledge and family food intake.
3) Determine who does the grocery shopping and where.
4) Assess the neighborhood-physical environment.
5) Discuss schedules and time constraints.
Working with My PatientsAs part of this evaluation, my patient and I will discuss other
issues that have priority over achieving a healthy weight for their child. This may include lack of access to healthy foods near by,
unhealthy foods at school, the patient’s effort to balance a work schedule with meal preparation.
It may also involve other family members, so whenever possible involve other family members in the conversation.
Priority is placed on increased physical activity and good nutrition as one of the key factors in helping the child achieve a healthy weight.
I Identify messages and methods that would most effectively motivate the family to adopt and maintain healthier lifestyles.
Working with My Patients – Vignette Mother and father both work and get home after 5 pm.GM is the caretaker when children get out of school.GM prepares meals and does the grocery shopping.No after school activities because parents work late and
are unable to take them to practices.GM states they just come home and too much homework
to do anything else.Mother complains GM very indulgent.Live in a home, small yard and not too safe for kids to be
out after dark.
Working with My PatientsGoal is to raise the priority of increased physical activity
and good nutrition-motivating and engaging.Explore activities that can be done at home- turn on the
radio and dance, jump rope, hula hoop, take a walk around the block before sundown, possibility of walking to and from school, etc.
Emphasize health risk factors with GM and motherWork with GM and the traditional foods she makes-
introducing a healthy diet while allowing to maintain as much the traditional diet as possible.
Involve child in the buying and cooking of food. Nutrition education and food label reading.
Because the patient’s food choices and meal structure play a key role in helping the child achieve and maintain a healthy weight, I involve a dietician or nutritionist in the dialogue. This helps me and the patient increase our chances in making a positive change.
In HealthCare Partners, we have staff within the medical group to draw on. These resources are also available in the community.
The key is: partner to increase support for the patient.
Partnering with Nutrition/Diet Experts
The Nutritionist/Dietician on the TeamIn working with my patients and their families, I pretty much am in line with what Dr. Rosado has reviewed with you. I also cover emotional aspects of obesity in children with my patients.1) Make small achievable goals:
Keep the Kids Active – take the family for a walk one hour after dinner beginning with 15 minute walks. Increase the walks by 15 minutes every 2 weeks until the goal is met.
Teach Families to Read Food Labels – Focus on avoiding high sugar, high sodium and high fat foods. Have parents read the labels of the foods they have in their home,
this gives them a starting point then replace unhealthy foods with healthier food choices.
The Nutritionist/Dietician on the Team1) Make small achievable goals:
Use Creative Ways to Incorporate Fresh Fruits & Vegetables into Meals and Snacks – Fruit juices are highly used in the Hispanic population. Encourage the family to eat fruit instead of drink the juice.
Incorporate Healthy Alternatives into Typical Ethnic Foods – Use brown rice instead of white rice. Start with ½ brown and ½
white rice mix together then slowly reduce the white . Wheat bread - When purchasing look for the first ingredient to be
whole wheat flour instead of Enriched Bleached Flour.
The Nutritionist/Dietician on the Team
2) Address the Emotional Aspect of Obesity:Teach Parents to –
Avoid Using Pet Names regarding their size.Avoid Emphasizing the Size of the Child.
Toolkit Multicultural Communication Resources
Multicultural Communication ResourcesCultural Competency FocusPatient/Provider Communications ToolsPatient Education & Online Resources
with large section of multilingual and multicultural communications tools
Comprehensive California Health Plan Interpreter Services Directory
Multicultural Patient Communications Vignette
Patient Education MaterialsSections 5 and 6 and Toolbox Section in Toolkit
Multicultural Resources in the ToolkitEthnoMed – http://ethnomed.org
Healthy Roads Media - www.healthyroadsmedia.org
MiPiramide – www.mypyramid.gov/sp-index.html
Oficina de Saluld de las Minorias/Office of Minority Health – www.omhrc.gov/espanol/
Consumer Health Materials in Spanish – http://nnlm.gov/outreach/consumer/chspanish.html
CDC en espanol – www.cdc.gov/spanish
Think Culturally (Office of Minority Health) – www.thinkculturalhealth.hhs.gov
The Provider’s Guide to Quality & Culture – http://erc.msh.org/mainpage.cfm?file=5.4.5.htm&module=provider&language=English
Community Resources for Healthy Eating Have your staff identify resources available in your community to help you help your patients. These may include the YMCA, health plans, school based programs, faith based organizations, local hospitals, parks and recreation programs and community centers.
Have the list easily available in your office.
Web based Resource ListAcademy of Nutrition & Dietetics
www.eatright.orgNational Council of La Raza – Institute for Latino Health
www.nclr.org
American Assoc. of Diabetes Educators
www.diabeteseducator.org
USDA Food & Nutrition Services www.fns.usda.gov
California Dietetic Associationwww.dietician.org
YMCA of the USAwww.ymca.net
United States Department of Agriculture
www.choosemyplate.gov
NCES Health and Nutrition Educationwww.ncescatalog.com
Kids Health from Nemourshttp://kidshealth.org
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