china’s energy revolution · dicp. 26. methanol to olefins (dmto) technology. on operation....

DICP

China’s Energy Revolution:Challenges and Opportunities

Zhongmin Liu

Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), CAS

Oct. 11, 2019 | Tokyo, Japan

DICP 2

Outline

Energy Structure and Challenges in China

Strategies of Energy Technology in China

Recent R&D Activities on Energy Technology in CAS

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Unbalanced Energy Structure in China

Rich in coal, poor in oil and gas

Data source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy (2019) ; NBS China Statistical Yearbook (2018)

Coal still dominates China’s energy market currently

Energy Resource Structure

Energy Production Structure Energy Consumption Structure

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Isolated Energy System

Isolated system for each type of energy Technology - the missing link among different energy sectors

Solar/Wind/Geothermal/

Biomass

oilchemical

electricityheat

Coal

oilchemical

electricityheat

Nuclear

electricityheat

Gas

electricityheat

Oil

electricityheat

oilchemical

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Tremendous Pressure on CO2 Emission

Data source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy (2019) and National Bureau of Statistics

The biggest absolute CO2 emissions come from China (since 2005)

In 2018, accounted for 27.8% of the total, ranking first in the world

Hundred of million tons

CO2 emissions in China

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Great Challenge for Blue Sky

Data source: Premier Li Keqiang’s Report in the annual meeting of the National People‘s Congress ; WHO，http://maps.who.int/airpollution/

Air pollution forced China's industrial energy revolution

Global ambient air pollution map in 2018

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Outline




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China’s Energy Revolution

In 2014, China President Xi's call for ‘Energy Revolution’

Energy Technology Innovation plays a decisive role in Energy Revolution, which must be treated as the core role in energy development.

--- China Energy Technology Innovation Action Plan (2016-2030)

To promote Energy Consumption Revolution and Curb unreasonable energy consumption

To promote Energy Production Revolution and establish diversified supply system

To promote Energy Technology Revolution and drive the industrial upgrading

To promote Energy System Revolution and open up energy development fast lane

To strengthen International Cooperation comprehensively and realize energy security under open economy circumstance

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2

3

4

5

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China’s Medium and Long-term Energy Goals

To build a clean, low-carbon, secure and efficient energy systemSource: Energy Production and Consumption Revolution Strategy.(2016-2030)

China 13th Five-Year-Plan on Renewable Energy Development (2016-2020)

China’s 13th Five-Year-Plan on Energy Development (Energy 13th FYP)

Energy Production and Consumption Revolution Strategy (2016-2030)

China 13th Five-Year-Plan on Energy Technology Innovation (2016-2020)

China Energy Technology Innovation Action Plan 2016-2030

A Series of National Energy Plans Targets for 2020• Primary energy consumption ≤ 5 000 Mtce• Share of non-fossil fuel ~15%• GDP energy intensity ↓15% over 2015• GDP CO2 intensity ↓18% over 2015• Energy self-sufficiency rate ≥ 80%

Targets for 2030• Primary energy consumption ≤ 6 000 Mtce• Share of non-fossil fuel ~20%, natural gas ~15%• GDP Energy intensity to reach global average level• GDP Carbon intensity ↓60%-65% over 2005

Visions for 2050• Primary energy consumption level to be stable,

with non-fossil energy ≥ 50%• China to become an important participant in global

energy governance

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China Energy-related Research Programs

Source: Ministry of Science and Technology

National High-tech R&D Program

National Basic Research Program

2006-2020

Clean Coal and Energy Saving

New Energy Vehicles Smart Grid Renewables and Hydrogen Nuclear Power

2016-2030

Oil & GasNuclear Power

科技创新2030-重大项目S&T Innovation 2030

Clean CoalSmart Grid

国家重点研发计划National Key R&D Programs

DICPSource: International Energy Agency. World Energy Investment 2018

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China's energy investment is increasingly driven by low-carbon electricity supply and networks, and energy efficiency

China Energy Investment

China is the largest investing country…… and 2nd in public energy R&D spending

DICPSource: National Energy Administration; International Renewable Energy Agency

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16.5%

20.0% 20.6%22.0%

24.5% 25.4% 26.4%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Renewable energy is on the rise in China’s electricity generationRenewable energy share in electricity generation in China

China is the world’s largest renewable market

0 200 400 600 800

Hydropower

Wind power

Solar power

Biopower

Geothermal power

CHINA619 GW

UNITED STATES230 GW

BRAZIL128 GW

GERMANY113 GW

INDIA106 GW

Renewable power capacity, Top 5 countries as of end-2017

China's Renewable Energy Development

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Outline




CAS Strategic Priority Research Program (SPRP) Typical breakthroughs and accomplishments

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CAS and DICP

• Focus on sustainable energy research• 4 campus, including 2 state key laboratories, and 5

national engineering research centers• ~2300 working and studying in DICP，including 14

Member of CAS and CAE, 213 Professors, 437 Associate Professors, 959 students

Distribution of CAS Institutes

~220,000 m2

~570,000 m2

• 104 research institutes• 5 universities & supporting organizations• 12 management organizations that

consist of the headquarters and branches• ~20 energy-related institutes

Distribution of DICP Campus

DICP

• Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP)• Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess

Technology (QIBEBT)• Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE)• Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter

(FJIRSM)

• Institute of Engineering Thermophysics (IET) • Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion (GIEC)• Institute of Process Engineering (IPE)• Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (HIPS)• Institute of Modern Physics (IMP)• Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP) • Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry (TIPC)• Institute of Coal Chemistry (ICC)• Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI)• Shanghai Institute of Ceramics (SIC) • Shanghai Institute of Nuclear Research (SINR)• Institute of Physics (IOP)• ……

Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, CAS中科院洁净能源创新研究院

Relying on DICP

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United by all research teams in 20 Institutes, CAS

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CAS Strategic Priority Research Program (SPRP)

Transformational Technology for Clean Energy and Demonstration (¥1.6 Billion)

CoalWater/Wind/

Geothermal/Biomass

NuclearGasOil

1

Oil Chemicals Electricity Heat

Syngas

CH3OH

CO2

oilchemicals

electricityheat

oilchemicals

electricityheat

electricityheat

electricityheat

electricityheat

oilchemicals

Gas CoalOil NuclearSolar/Wind/Geothermal/Biomass

Clean use of fossil energy

3H2

Green Energy

Liquid Sunshine

2Energy Storage

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Route 1: Clean Utilization of Fossil Energy

Alternative fuels and technologies for energy supply Pollutant emissions reduced by 40%-50%

Goals

1. Methanol-coupled-oil to bulk chemicals

2. Methanol to fuel / chemicals

3. Natural gas to olefins and aromatics (direct route)

4. Syngas to fuel / chemicals

5. Efficient clean combustion

……

Major Tasks

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Route 2: Renewable Energy Demonstration

Breakthroughs in key technologies and demonstration for renewable energy

Goals

1. 100% Renewable Energy Demonstration

• Cross-seasonal solar heat storage system

• Renewable energy AC-DC hybrid power supply

• Cogeneration of gas, heat and electricity using biomass

2. Large scale energy storage

• 100 MW flow battery energy storage station

• 100 MW compressed air energy storage station

• 10 MW high-temperature molten salt heat storage demonstration

Major Tasks

DICP 19

Route 3: Liquid Sunshine Technology

Coupling CO2 with massive H2 produced by solar and nuclear energy, bridging the clean utilization of fossil energy and renewable energy

Goals

1. Hydrogen production by eletrolysis / pyrolysis of water

2. Methanol production from H2 and CO2 reaction

3. Fuel cell technology and demonstration

Major Tasks

DICP 20

Liquid Sunshine Roadmap - Pathways to Carbon-Neutral

Fossilized Sunshine

Fossil Alcohol

Hybrid Systems

Hybrid Alcohol

Liquid Sunshine

Green AlcoholCommercial Deployment 2020 2040

1G – 2G 3G – 4G 5G & beyond

Methanol and ethanol are first targets among alcohol fuels.They are building blocks for longer chain alcohols, high energy density fuels, and complex chemicals.

Progression from 1G (First Generation) to 5G (Fifth Generation) Technologies

CF Shih, T Zhang, J Li & C Bai, Joule, 2(18), October 17, 2018

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Outline




CAS Strategic Priority Research Program (SPRP) Typical breakthroughs and accomplishments

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Fundamental Research Breakthroughs

Non-oxidative Conversion of Methane to Olefins and Aromatics (MTOAH)

A technology that may change the world

- BASF vice presidentScience, 2014, 344 (6184): 616-619; Nature Commun., 2014, 5: 1-7

Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(DICP), CAS

DICP

Syngas to Light Olefins

Science, 2016, 351(6277): 1065-1068

There is no necessity for water gas shift - reduce both water and energy-consumption

A new bifunctional catalyst concept: oxides–zeolites (OX–ZEO)

These findings may open up a new route for syngas conversion technology23

Direct conversion of Syngas with the concept of OX–ZEO Syngas to Ethylene

Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2018, 57(17): 4692-4696. (Hot paper)

Syngas to Aromatics

Chem. Commun., 2017, 53: 11146-11149.



DICP

H2

CO2

H2O

CO

HCOOH

HCOOH

CH3OH

Olefins

Gasoline

Renewable electricity CO2/H2O electrolysis CO2 hydrogenation Fuels and Chemicals

eCO2RR CO2RR

eCO2RR: electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction CO2RR: CO2 reduction reaction

CO2 Conversion Technologies

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DICP

High selectivity and remarkable stability in CO2 hydrogenation

A promising application for CO2 utilization to liquid fuels and chemicals

Nat. Commun., 2018, 9, 3457

.

Direct Conversion of CO2

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CO2 - H2 to Aromatics CO2 - H2 to linear α-olefins CO2 - H2 to a liquid fuels

Nat. Chem., 2017, 9: 1019–1024Commun. Chem., 2018, 1, 11

Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(DICP), CAS; Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, CAS


DICP 26

Methanol to Olefins (DMTO) Technology

On OperationLicensee

So far, DMTO technology has been licensed in 25 commercial units (14 Million t/a ) in the domestic market. 13 commercial installations (7 Million t/a ) have put into commission in just five years

State Technological Invention Awards First Prize (2014)Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(DICP), CAS

DICP

The world’s first Coal-to-Ethanol (methanol to ethanol) Demonstration began production in January 2017 with capacity of 100 000 metric tons of anhydrous ethanol per year

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The World's First Coal to Ethanol Demonstration


DICP

Shenhua Ningxia Coal Industry Group Company

Industrialization of Megaton-scale Coal-to-Liquids technology in Ningxia (4 Mt/a), Inner Mongolia (1 Mt/a) and Shanxi (1 Mt/a) in 2017

In line with national energy security strategies, expected to substitute military fuel production technology

Outstanding Science and Technology Achievement Prize of CAS (2005)28

Industrialization of Megaton-scale Coal to Liquids Technology

Institute of Coal Chemistry (ICC) , CAS

DICP

The first Solar Power Tower (1 MW) in Asia and the first Solar Parabolic Trough Power Plant (1 MW) in Yanqing in 2012

The technologies have been applied in 15 demonstration plants

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The First Solar Power Tower in Asia

Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), CAS

DICP

Demonstration of blade tip lengthening

Segmented blade hoisting

Accomplish the general design strategy of the longest wind turbine blade (82 m) in China Implementation of field test of the first segmented wind turbine blade in Hebei Province, Inner

Mongolia and Tibet since 2016

Wind energy thermal utilization system

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Wind Energy Utilization

Institute of Engineering Thermophysics (IET) , CAS

DICP

National demonstration project on Straw to Biomethane (6.6 million m3/a) in Qingdao in 2016

Cellulose derived bio-jet fuel - 10 tons of straw / 6.4 tons of cassava produces 1 ton of jet fuel

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Biomass Utilization

Demonstration project on biomethaneStraw raw material Biomass aviation fuel

Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology (QIBEBT) , CAS

DICP

The world largest scale system of 5 MW / 10 MWh VFB demonstration project in a 50 MW

wind farm in Faku, Liaoning in 2013

The 200 MW / 800 MWh VFB demonstration project is under construction in Dalian since 2016

State Technological Invention Awards Second Prize (2015)32

Energy Storage---All Vanadium Flow Battery


DICP

The world's first 10 MW advanced compressed air energy storage demonstration system in

Guizhou in 2016

Top Ten Innovative Technology Awards in energy storage field (2017)

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Compressed Air Energy Storage

Institute of Engineering Thermophysics (IET) , CAS

DICP

Area: 720,000 km2 ( ~ 8 Portugal)Population: 6 million (~ 0.6 Portugal)Renewable energy electricity supply in Qinghai: 2.84 billion kWh ( ~1290000 tons of coal) during the 15 daysCO2 emissions: reduce 2.32 million tons

Source: QingHai Daily, 2019-06-25

Qinghai: Runs on 100% renewable energy for 15 days

Low-carbon consumption pattern

A screen displays electricity transmission andconsumption information at the big datacenter of State Grid Qinghai Electric PowerCo in Xining, Qinghai province. [Photo/Xinhua]

Qinghai

China's Renewable Energy Demonstration

40State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC)

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100% Renewable Energy Application Demonstration

Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), CAS

DICP

Summary China will continue to take part in Global Climate Governance despite the tremendous

pressure on CO2 emission

China has taken effective measures to tackle the existing problems

The clean and green alternatives of Global Energy needs International Cooperation

SHARE THE FUTURE, GLOBAL TOGETHER

china’s energy revolution · dicp. 26. methanol to olefins (dmto) technology. on operation....

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