CHRONOLOGY OF GANDDAL

BRIEF STORY ON LAND USE AND FARMING IN NORWAY

VIEW OF REGIONAL FARM LANDSCAPE TOWARDS NORTHEAST

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Archeologic studies on land and offshore proves that in coastal areas of Norway, as Jaeren there were tribes based on hunting and gathering of resources.

Until the advent of farming in Norway, this was the way of life.The tribes was probably Ahrensburgians migrated from present day Denmark and Great Britain over Doggerland when it was not an ocean.

NOMADIC TRIBES IN SOUTHWESTERN NORWAY 7000 BC

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First farming activity in Norway was based on the practice of hoe-far-ming and the later invention of primitve ploughs to turn around the soil. This was the start of permanent settlements and the rise of towns.

The climate was milder than nowadays and farming was very site-speci-fic since manpower and lack of tools basically restricted transforming of landscape to grazing, lumber harvest and slash-and-burn of fields.

FIRST FARMING IN NORWAY 2500 BC - 1750 AD

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1780s-1890s AD

.Importing tools and other plants made farms able to sustain a higher population, produce more food and sell the extra food on the local markets that emerged in towns.

In this period, several schools for farming techniques and nurseries for flowers and other plants were established. Also the use of fertilizers started. In general, a strong emphasis on how to enhance and develop the farms and the farmers.

The combination of income for farmers (fishing, transport, woodworks) was seen as harmful for the farmer, the authorities worked towards the farmer that only farmed.

FARMING DEVELOPS AND DEFRAGMENTS

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.When artificial and organic fertilizers are introduced more systematically, the production of farming goods boosted.

In Norway, the tandem of hydro-electric power and Norwegian inventions by Birkeland and Eyde made use of synthetic or non-organic fertilizers widespread.

The times between 1890s and 1950s also saw better communications and stronger connections to local markets, this also stimulated increasing crops and larger demand for land area.

Many farms increased to 50.000 sq.meters. This is equal to 6 soccer fields or area for 600 apartments.

FARMING BOOSTS AND DEVIATE FROM LOCAL RESOURCES 1890s-1950s AD

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1950s - present

.In the time after the WW2 mechanized tools and automobiles were starting to become available throughout Norway. From 1950s onward, the farming was also heavily connected to the public sector. Farming started to be subsidized and the farmer themselves to a greater degree other jobs on top of being a farmer, efficiently abandoning the normal full-time farmer for good.

The increased mechanization led to greater efficiency, but also a demand for more land to grow crops on or to let livestock graze in the summer season. This in time led to both more collective organization on the work-heavy seasonal work and hired help in was needed. It also forced the abandoning of farms that could not efficiently grow because land expansion was not a possibility.

Results of this is that the heaviest clusters of farming production in Nor-way are where the landscape is rather flat, like in the Stavanger region. Also around Oslo and Trondheim there are large farm regions.

The original distribution of small- and medium sized farms adapted to the local landscape, local climate and local resources was stopped.

The development of larger farms and less connection to surrounding landscape was strengthened by the import of soy proteins and synthetic fodder for animals. At present, imported fodder from Brazil is cheaper than using local fields to graze on.

FARMING MECHANIZED AND DEPENDANT ON IMPORT AND SUBSIDIES