chuleta consultas utiles

Startup time

select to_char(startup_time, 'HH24:MI DD-MON-YY') "Startup time"

from v$instance

/

How large is the database

col "Database Size" format a20

col "Free space" format a20

col "Used space" format a20

select round(sum(used.bytes) / 1 024 / 1 024 / 1 024 ) | | ' GB' "Database Size"

, round(sum(used.bytes) / 1 024 / 1 024 / 1 024 ) -

round(free.p / 1 024 / 1 024 / 1 024) | | ' GB' "Used space"

, round(free.p / 1 024 / 1 024 / 1 024) | | ' GB' "Free space"

from (select bytes

from v$datafi le

union all

select bytes

from v$tempfi le

union all

select bytes

from v$log) used

, (select sum(bytes) as p

from dba_free_space) free

group by free.p

/

Distribution of objects and data

Which schemas are taking up all of the space

set pages 999

col "size MB" format 999,999,999

col "Objects" format 999,999,999

select obj.owner "Owner"

, obj_cnt "Objects"

, decode(seg_size, NULL, 0, seg_size) "size MB"

from (select owner, count(*) obj_cnt from dba_objects group by owner) obj

, (select owner, ceil(sum(bytes)/1 024/1 024) seg_size

from dba_segments group by owner) seg

where obj.owner = seg.owner(+)

order by 3 desc ,2 desc, 1

/

Show the ten largest objects in the database

col owner format a1 5

col segment_name format a30

col segment_type format a1 5

col mb format 999,999,999

select owner

, segment_name

, segment_type

, mb

from (

select owner

, segment_name

, segment_type

, bytes / 1 024 / 1 024 "MB"

from dba_segments

order by bytes desc

)

where rownum < 11

/

Is java instal led in the database?

This wil l return 9000'ish if it is. . .

select count(*)

from all_objects

where object_type like '%JAVA%'

and owner = 'SYS'

/

Display character set information

select * from nls_database_parameters

/

Show all used features

select name

, detected_usages

from dba_feature_usage_statistics

where detected_usages > 0

/

Show all connected users

set l ines 1 00 pages 999

col ID format a1 5

select username

, sid | | ', ' | | serial# "ID"

, status

, last_call_et "Last Activity"

from v$session

where username is not nul l

order by status desc

, last_call_et desc

/

Time since last user activity


select username

, floor(last_call_et / 60) "Minutes"

, status

from v$session


order by last_call_et

/

Sessions sorted by logon time


col ID format a1 5

col osuser format a1 5

col login_time format a1 4

select username

, osuser

, sid | | ', ' | | serial# "ID"

, status

, to_char(logon_time, 'hh24:mi dd/mm/yy') login_time

, last_call_et

from v$session


order by login_time

/

Show user info including os pid

col "SID/SERIAL" format a1 0

col username format a1 5

col osuser format a1 5

col program format a40

select s.sid | | ', ' | | s.serial# "SID/SERIAL"

, s.username

, s.osuser

, p.spid "OS PID"

, s.program

from v$session s

, v$process p

Where s.paddr = p.addr

order by to_number(p.spid)

/

Show a users current sql

Select sql_text

from v$sqlarea

where (address, hash_value) in

(select sql_address, sql_hash_value

from v$session

where username like '&username')

/

Session status associated with the specified os process id

select s.username

, s.sid

, s.serial#

, p.spid

, last_call_et

, status

from V$SESSION s

, V$PROCESS p

where s.PADDR = p.ADDR

and p.spid='&pid'

/

Al l active sql

set feedback off

set serveroutput on size 9999

column username format a20

column sql_text format a55 word_wrapped

begin

for x in

(select username| | '('| |sid| | ', '| |serial#| | ') ospid = '| | process | |

' program = ' | | program username,

to_char(LOGON_TIME, ' Day HH24:MI ') logon_time,

to_char(sysdate, ' Day HH24:MI ') current_time,

sql_address,

sql_hash_value

from v$session

where status = 'ACTIVE'

and rawtohex(sql_address) '00'

and username is not nul l ) loop

for y in (select sql_text

from v$sqlarea

where address = x.sql_address ) loop

if ( y.sql_text not l ike '%listener.get_cmd%' and

y.sql_text not l ike '%RAWTOHEX(SQL_ADDRESS)%' ) then

dbms_output.put_l ine( '--------------------' );

dbms_output.put_l ine( x.username );

dbms_output.put_l ine( x. logon_time | | ' ' | | x.current_time | | ' SQL#=' | |

x.sql_hash_value);

dbms_output.put_l ine( substr( y.sql_text, 1 , 250 ) );

end if;

end loop;

end loop;

end;

/

Display any long operations



col message format a40

col remaining format 9999

select username

, to_char(start_time, 'hh24:mi:ss dd/mm/yy') started

, time_remaining remaining

, message

from v$session_longops

where time_remaining = 0

order by time_remaining desc

/

List open cursors per user

set pages 999

select sess.username

, sess.sid

, sess.serial#

, stat.value cursors

from v$sesstat stat

, v$statname sn

, v$session sess

where sess.username is not nul l

and sess.sid = stat.sid

and stat.statistic# = sn.statistic#

and sn.name = 'opened cursors current'

order by value

/

Or alternatively. . .


select count(hash_value) cursors

, sid

, user_name

from v$open_cursor

group by

sid

, user_name

order by

cursors

/

Administration - Init Parameters

Show latent parameter changes

Show non-default parameters

Reset/Unset a spfi le parameter

Show latent parameter changes

select name

, value

from v$parameter

where ismodified != 'FALSE'

/

Show non-default parameters

set pages 999 lines 1 00

col name format a30

col value format a50

select name

, value

from v$parameter

where isdefault = 'FALSE'

and value is not nul l

order by name

/

or for name='parameter' style. . .


select name | | '=' | | decode(type, 2, ''' ') | | value

| | decode(type, 2, ''' ') parameter

from v$parameter

where isdefault = 'FALSE'

and value is not nul l

order by name

/

Reset/Unset a spfi le parameter

Setting a parameter to =' ' often isn't enough. Do this instead. . .

alter system reset scope=spfi le sid='*'

/

The sid='*' bit is always necessary, even in non RAC database.

Administration - User

User configuration script

User clone script

List users

Lock or unlock a user

List users


col username format a20

col status format a8

col tablespace format a20

col temp_ts format a20

select username

, account_status status

, created

, default_tablespace tablespace

, temporary_tablespace temp_ts

from dba_users

order by username

/


alter user account lock;

And to unlock. . .

alter user account unlock;

Administration - User

User configuration script

User clone script

List users


List users



col status format a8

col tablespace format a20

col temp_ts format a20

select username

, account_status status

, created

, default_tablespace tablespace

, temporary_tablespace temp_ts

from dba_users

order by username

/


alter user account lock;

And to unlock. . .

alter user account unlock;

Administration - Roles

Find a role

Show what roles are granted to a user

Show what system privi leges are granted to a role

Show what table privi leges are granted to a role

Find a role

select *

from dba_roles

where role l ike '&role'

/

Show what roles are granted to a user

select grantee

, granted_role

, admin_option

from dba_role_privs

where grantee like upper('&username')

/

Show what system privi leges are granted to a role

select privi lege

, admin_option

from role_sys_privs


/

Show what table privi leges are granted to a role

select owner | | '. ' | | table_name "TABLE"

, column_name

, privi lege

, grantable

from role_tab_privs


/

Administration - ASM

Check if css is running/working

Display disk-groups

Show disk space usage

Create a disk group

Add a disk to a group

Drop a disk group

Is ASM performing a balancing operation

Check the internal consistency of a diskgroup

Check if css is running/working

crsctl check cssd

Display disk-groups

set l ines 1 00

col name format a1 0

col path format a30

select name

, group_number

, disk_number

, mount_status

, state

, path

from v$asm_disk

order by group_number

/

note. A group number of zero his indicates that a disk is available but hasn't yet

been assigned to a disk group.

Show disk space usage

select name

, group_number

, disk_number

, total_mb

, free_mb

from v$asm_disk

order by group_number

/

Create a disk group

create diskgroup data1

external redundancy

disk '/dev/raw/raw1 '

/

or with multiple raw partitions. . .

multiple disks


external redundancy

disk '/dev/raw/raw2'

, '/dev/raw/raw3'

/

or with multiple fai l groups. . .


normal redundancy

failgroup control ler1 disk '/dev/raw/raw4'

fai lgroup control ler2 disk '/dev/raw/raw6'

/

Add a disk to a group

alter diskgroup data1

add disk '/dev/raw/raw4'

/

Wildcards can be used for raw device names (eg. raw*)

Drop a disk group

drop diskgroup ''

/

Is ASM performing a balancing operation

select *

from v$asm_operation

/

Mount/dismount disk groups

alter diskgroup all mount

/

alter diskgroup data1 mount

/

alter diskgroup all dismount

/

alter diskgroup data1 dismount

/

Check the internal consistency of a diskgroup

alter diskgroup data1 check all

/

Administration - RAC 1 0gR2

Start, stop and check CRS (Cluster Ready Services)

Start/stop nodeapps

Start/stop asm

Start/stop a database (al l nodes)

Start/stop an individual instance

Check the VIP config

Change the VIP address, subnetmask or interface

Locate the voting disk

Retrive OCR (Oracle Cluster Registry) information

To prevent a database starting at boot time

Change the private interconnect subnet

Start, stop and check CRS (Cluster Ready Services)

Note. Start/stop need to be run as root from the CRS home.

Start CRS

crsctl start crs

Stop CRS

crsctl stop crs

Check CRS's status

crsctl check crs

See the status of the various services

crs_stat -t

Start/stop nodeapps

srvctl start nodeapps -n

srvctl stop nodeapps -n

Start/stop asm

srvctl start asm -n

srvctl stop asm -n

Start/stop a database (al l nodes)

srvctl start database -d

srvctl stop database -d

Start/stop an individual instance

srvctl start instance -d -i

srvctl stop instance -d -i

Check the VIP config

srvctl config nodeapps -n -a -g -s -l

Change the VIP address, subnetmask or interface



srvctl modify nodeapps -n -A //

srvctl modify nodeapps -n -A //



Locate the voting disk

crsctl query css votedisk

Retrive OCR (Oracle Cluster Registry) information

ocrcheck

To prevent a database starting at boot time

srvctl disable database -d

Change the private interconnect subnet

First find the interface which is in use as the interconnect - run as root from the

crs home:

oifcfg getif

Make a note of the interface name (eth1 in the fol lowing example), then

run the fol lowing:

oifcfg delif -global eth1

oifcfg setif -global eth1 /:cluster_interconnect

Administration - Job Scheduler

List scheduled jobs

Submit a job

Remove a job

Reset a broken job

Add a program to the 1 0g scheduler (os program)

Add a program to the 1 0g scheduler (stored procedure)

Schedule a 1 0g job

List scheduled jobs


col schema_user format a1 5

col fai ls format 999

select job

, schema_user

, to_char(last_date, 'hh24:mi dd/mm/yy') last_run

, to_char(next_date, 'hh24:mi dd/mm/yy') next_run

, fai lures fai ls

, broken

, substr(what, 1 , 1 5) what

from dba_jobs

order by 4

/

Submit a job

dbms_job.submit('', , , TRUE);

For example:

declare

job_id number;

begin

dbms_job.submit(

job_id

, 'andy.daily_data_clense'

, trunc(sysdate+1 )+22/24

, 'sysdate+1 '

, true);

end;

/

This wil l run a stored procedure called 'dai ly_data_clense' each day at 1 0pm.

Remove a job

You need to be connected as the user who owns the job

exec dbms_job.remove();

Reset a broken job

You need to be connected as the user who owns the job

exec dbms_job.broken(, FALSE);

Add a program to the 1 0g scheduler (os program)

begin

dbms_scheduler.create_program(

program_name=>'ANDY. job_test',

program_action=>'/home/oracle/andyb/job_test.sh',

program_type=>'EXECUTABLE',

comments=>'test job',

enabled=>TRUE);

end;

/

Add a program to the 1 0g scheduler (stored procedure)

begin

dbms_scheduler.create_program(

program_name=>'ANDY. job_test',

program_action=>'andy. job_test',

program_type=>'STORED_PROCEDURE',

comments=>'test program',

enabled=>TRUE);

end;

/

Schedule a 1 0g job

begin

dbms_sheduler.create_job(

job_name=>'andy.andy_job_test',

program_name=>'andy. job_test',

start_date=>

)

Administration - Advanced Queues

Display all queues and queue tables

Check various stats for al l queues

Display all queues and queue tables



select owner

, name

, queue_table

from dba_queues

/

Check various stats for al l queues


col queue format a50

select owner | | '. ' | | name queue

, waiting

, ready

, expired

from dba_queues dq

, v$aq aq

where dq.qid = aq.qid

order by 2, 3, 4, 1

/

Administration - Recycle bin

Display the contents of the recycle bin

Empty the recycle bin

Drop an object with out putting it in the recycle bin

Display the contents of the recycle bin

show recyclebin

Empty the recycle bin

purge recyclebin

Drop an object with out putting it in the recycle bin

drop purge;

Structure - Tablespace

Tablespace usage

Show the fi les that comprise a tablespace

Tablespaces that are >=80% full , and how much to add to make them 80%

again

User quotas on all tablespaces

List al l objects in a tablespace

Show all tablespaces used by a user

Create a temporary tablespace

Alter a databases default temporary tablespace

Show segments that are approaching max_extents

List the contents of the temporary tablespace(s)

Tablespace usage

set pages 999

col tablespace_name format a40

col "size MB" format 999,999,999

col "free MB" format 99,999,999

col "% Used" format 999

select tsu.tablespace_name, ceil(tsu.used_mb) "size MB"

, decode(ceil(tsf. free_mb), NULL,0,ceil(tsf. free_mb)) "free MB"

, decode(1 00 - ceil(tsf. free_mb/tsu.used_mb*1 00), NULL, 1 00,

1 00 - ceil(tsf. free_mb/tsu.used_mb*1 00)) "% used"

from (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes)/1 024/1 024 used_mb

from dba_data_fi les group by tablespace_name union all

select tablespace_name | | ' **TEMP**'

, sum(bytes)/1 024/1 024 used_mb

from dba_temp_fi les group by tablespace_name) tsu

, (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes)/1 024/1 024 free_mb

from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name) tsf

where tsu.tablespace_name = tsf. tablespace_name (+)

order by 4

/

Show the fi les that comprise a tablespace

set l ines 1 00

col fi le_name format a70

select fi le_name

, ceil(bytes / 1 024 / 1 024) "size MB"

from dba_data_fi les

where tablespace_name like '&TSNAME'

/

Tablespaces that are >=80% full , and how much to add to make them 80%

again


col "Tablespace" for a50

col "Size MB" for 999999999

col "%Used" for 999

col "Add (80%)" for 999999

select tsu.tablespace_name "Tablespace"

, ceil(tsu.used_mb) "Size MB"

, 1 00 - floor(tsf.free_mb/tsu.used_mb*1 00) "%Used"

, ceil((tsu.used_mb - tsf.free_mb) / .8) - tsu.used_mb "Add (80%)"

from (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes)/1 024/1 024 used_mb

from dba_data_fi les group by tablespace_name) tsu

, (select ts. tablespace_name

, nvl(sum(bytes)/1 024/1 024, 0) free_mb

from dba_tablespaces ts, dba_free_space fs

where ts. tablespace_name = fs.tablespace_name (+)

group by ts. tablespace_name) tsf

where tsu.tablespace_name = tsf. tablespace_name (+)

and 1 00 - floor(tsf.free_mb/tsu.used_mb*1 00) >= 80

order by 3,4

/

Thanks to Daniel Ackermann who made me aware of a bug in this query.

User quotas on all tablespaces

col quota format a1 0

select username

, tablespace_name

, decode(max_bytes, -1 , 'unl imited'

, cei l(max_bytes / 1 024 / 1 024) | | 'M' ) "QUOTA"

from dba_ts_quotas

where tablespace_name not in ('TEMP')

/

List al l objects in a tablespace

set pages 999



col segment_type format a20

select owner

, segment_name

, segment_type

from dba_segments

where lower(tablespace_name) l ike lower('%&tablespace%')

order by owner, segment_name

/

Show all tablespaces used by a user

select tablespace_name

, ceil(sum(bytes) / 1 024 / 1 024) "MB"

from dba_extents

where owner l ike '&user_id'

group by tablespace_name

order by tablespace_name

/

Create a temporary tablespace

create temporary tablespace temp

tempfi le '' size 500M

/

Alter a databases default temporary tablespace

alter database default temporary tablespace temp

/

Show segments that are approaching max_extents


select owner

, segment_type

, segment_name

, max_extents - extents as "spare"

, max_extents

from dba_segments

where owner not in ('SYS', 'SYSTEM')

and (max_extents - extents) < 1 0

order by 4

/

To change maxextents

alter storage(maxextents 1 50);

List the contents of the temporary tablespace(s)



col mb format 999,999

select su.username

, ses.sid

, ses.serial#

, su.tablespace

, ceil((su.blocks * dt.block_size) / 1 048576) MB

from v$sort_usage su

, dba_tablespaces dt

, v$session ses

where su.tablespace = dt. tablespace_name

and su.session_addr = ses.saddr

/

Structure - Objects

Drop user objects script

Truncate user objects script

Find an object

Inval id objects

Show the size of an object

All objects owned by a user

Source code of a procedure

Get an objects ddl (9i onwards)

Display compilation errors and warnings

Find all tables containing the specified column

List al l tables owned by a user sorted by size

Find an object

set pages 999


col object_name format a40

col object_type format a20

select owner

, object_name

, object_type

from dba_objects

where lower(object_name) l ike lower('%&object%')

order by owner, object_type, object_name

/

Invalid objects

List inval id objects. . .

set l ines 200 pages 999

col "obj" format a40

select owner | | '. ' | | object_name "obj",

object_type

from dba_objects

where status = 'INVALID'

/

Recompile al l inval id objects. . .

@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

Show the size of an object


select segment_name

, bytes "SIZE_BYTES"

, ceil(bytes / 1 024 / 1 024) "SIZE_MB"

from dba_segments

where segment_name like '&obj_name'

/

All objects owned by a user


select object_name

, object_type

from dba_objects

where owner = '&user'

order by object_type, object_name

/

Source code of a procedure

select text

from dba_source

where owner = 'ANDY'

and name = 'FILE_TEST'

and type = 'PACKAGE BODY'

order by line

/

Get an objects ddl (9i onwards)

Note. Works for 9i and newer.

Parameters: OBJECT_TYPE, OBJECT_NAME, SCHEMA

set pagesize 0

set long 90000

select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLE', 'TABLE_A', 'ANDY') from dual;

Display compilation errors and warnings

show errors

show errors view

show errors procedure

select * from dba_errors;

Find al l tables containing the specified column


col tab format a60

col column_name format a20

select owner | | '. ' | | table_name as tab

, column_name

from dba_tab_columns

where column_name like upper('&col ')

/

List al l tables owned by a user sorted by size



col mb format 999,999,999

select segment_name

, ceil(sum(bytes) / 1 024 / 1 024) "MB"

from dba_segments

where owner l ike '&user'

and segment_type = 'TABLE'

group by segment_name

order by ceil(sum(bytes) / 1 024 / 1 024) desc

/

Structure - Indexes

Index info by table

Show indexed columns

Index info by table

select i . index_name

, i. tablespace_name

, ceil(s.bytes / 1 048576) "Size MB"

from dba_indexes i

, dba_segments s

where i. index_name = s.segment_name

and table_name like '&table'

order by 2, 1

/

Show indexed columns

select column_name

from dba_ind_columns

where index_name = '&index'

order by column_position

/

Structure - Files

Display all datafi les, tempfi les and logfi les (and their sizes)

Quick datafi le health check

Show directories that contain datafi les

List autoextensible datafi les

Turn autoextend off for al l datafi les

Move fi les between disks

List controlfi les

Create an OS command for every fi le in the database

Find duplicate fi lenames

List fi les that are in hot-backup mode

Display all datafi les, tempfi les and logfi les (and their sizes)


col name format a50

select name, bytes

from (select name, bytes

from v$datafi le

union all

select name, bytes

from v$tempfi le

union all

select lf.member "name", l .bytes

from v$logfi le lf

, v$log l

where lf.group# = l.group#

union all

select name, 0

from v$controlfi le) used

, (select sum(bytes) as p

from dba_free_space) free

/

Quick datafi le health check

You should only see online and system (maybe read-only too)

select distinct status from v$datafi le

/

Show directories that contain datafi les

select distinct substr(name, 1 , instr(name, '/', -1 )) DIR

from v$datafi le

order by 1

/

List autoextensible datafi les

select fi le_name


where autoextensible = 'YES'

/

Turn autoextend off for al l datafi les

select 'alter database datafi le ''' | | fi le_name | | ''' autoextend off; '


/

Move fi les between disks

set trimspool on wrap off

set heading off

set verify off

set pages 1 000 lines 1 00

spool rename.sql

select 'alter database rename fi le ''' | |

name | | ''' to ''' | |

replace(name | | '''; ', '/u01 ', '/u02')

from v$datafi le

/

select 'alter database rename fi le ''' | |

member | | '' ' to ''' | |

replace(member | | '' '; ', '/u01 ', '/u02')

from v$logfi le

/

spool off

List controlfi les

select name

from v$controlfi le

/

Create an OS command for every fi le in the database

The example deletes all fi les

select 'rm ' | | name

from (select name

from v$datafi le

union all

select name

from v$tempfi le

union all

select member

from v$logfi le

union all

select name

from v$controlfi le

)

/

Find duplicate fi lenames

Searches for fi les with the same name in al l directories

select count(substr(name, instr(name, '/', -1 ) + 1 , 999)) "total"

, count(distinct substr(name, instr(name, '/', -1 ) + 1 , 999)) "distinct"

from v$datafi le

/

List fi les that are in hot-backup mode


col name format a60

select df.name

, b.status

, to_char(time, 'hh24:mi:ss dd/mm/yyyy') time

from v$datafi le df

, v$backup b

where df.fi le# = b.fi le#

and b.status = 'ACTIVE'

order by b.fi le#

/

Structure - Redo Logs

Remove drop

add logfi le members

List members and sizes

Remove drop

alter database drop logfi le member '';

add logfi le members

alter database add logfi le member '' to group ;

List members and sizes

col member format a60

col "Size MB" format 9,999,999

select lf.member

, ceil(lg.bytes / 1 024 / 1 024) "Size MB"

from v$logfi le lf

, v$log lg

where lg.group# = lf.group#

order by 1

/

Structure - Undo

Converting from Rollback to Undo

Display the rol lback segments

Alter undo retention

What's in undo

Is anything rol l ing back at the moment?

Display the rol lback segments

select segment_name

, status

from dba_rollback_segs

/

Alter undo retention

alter system set undo_retention=500 scope=memory;

Note. This is in seconds

What's in undo

select tablespace_name

, status

, count(*) as HOW_MANY

from dba_undo_extents

group by tablespace_name

, status

/

Is anything rol l ing back at the moment?

Look for the used_ublk value decreasing. I f it is, the session connected with it is

rol l ing back. When it reaches zero, rol lback is complete.



col command format a20

select ses.username

, substr(ses.program, 1 , 1 9) command

, tra.used_ublk

from v$session ses

, v$transaction tra

where ses.saddr = tra.ses_addr

/

Structure - Constraints

Show all constraints on a table

List tables that are using the specified table as a foreign key

Produce a list of disabled fk constraints

Produce enable statements al l disabled fk constraints

List parent tables that may need fixing/re-importing

List missing foriegn key values

Show all table constraints for a user

Show all constraints on a table

col type format a1 0

col cons_name format a30

select decode(constraint_type,

'C', 'Check',

'O', 'R/O View',

'P', 'Primary',

'R', 'Foreign',

'U', 'Unique',

'V', 'Check view') type

, constraint_name cons_name

, status

, last_change

from dba_constraints

where owner l ike '&owner'

and table_name like '&table_name'

order by 1

/

List tables that are using the specified table as a foreign key


select a.owner

, a. table_name

, a.constraint_name

from dba_constraints a

, dba_constraints b

where a.constraint_type = 'R'

and a.r_constraint_name = b.constraint_name

and a.r_owner = b.owner

and b.owner = '&table_owner'

and b.table_name = '&table_name'

/

Same as above, but produces 'disable constraint' statements


col discon format a1 00

select 'alter table '| |a.owner| | '. '| |a. table_name| | ' disable constraint

'| |a.constraint_name| | '; ' discon

from dba_constraints a

, dba_constraints b

where a.constraint_type = 'R'

and a.r_constraint_name = b.constraint_name

and a.r_owner = b.owner

and b.owner = '&table_owner'

and b.table_name = '&table_name'

/

Produce a list of disabled fk constraints


col table format a60

col constraint_name format a30

select owner| | '. '| | table_name "table"

, constraint_name


where status = 'DISABLED'

and constraint_type = 'R'

and owner not in ('SYS', 'SYSTEM')

order by 1 ,2

/Produce enable statements al l disabled fk constraints


select 'alter table '| |owner| | '. '| | table_name| | ' enable constraint

'| |constraint_name| | '; ' "enable"


where status = 'DISABLED'

and constraint_type = 'R'

and owner not in ('SYS', 'SYSTEM')

order by 1

/

List parent tables that may need fixing/re-importing

select distinct r.owner | | '. ' | | r. table_name "exp"

from dba_constraints c

, dba_constraints r

where c.status = 'DISABLED'

and c.constraint_type = 'R'

and c.r_owner = r.owner

and c.r_constraint_name = r.constraint_name

and c.owner not in ('SYS', 'SYSTEM')

order by 1

/

List missing foriegn key values

Note. Useful for resolving ORA-02298

select 'select '| |cc.column_name-

| | ' from '| |c.owner| | '. '| |c. table_name-

| | ' a where not exists (select ''x'' from '-

| | r.owner| | '. '| | r. table_name-

| | ' where '| | rc.column_name| | ' = a. '| |cc.column_name| | ')'

from dba_constraints c,

dba_constraints r,

dba_cons_columns cc,

dba_cons_columns rc

where c.constraint_type = 'R'

and c.owner not in ('SYS', 'SYSTEM')

and c.r_owner = r.owner

and c.owner = cc.owner

and r.owner = rc.owner

and c.constraint_name = cc.constraint_name

and r.constraint_name = rc.constraint_name

and c.r_constraint_name = r.constraint_name

and cc.position = rc.position

and c.owner = '&table_owner'

and c.table_name = '&table_name'

and c.constraint_name = '&constraint_name'

order by c.owner, c. table_name, c.constraint_name, cc.position

/

Show all table constraints for a user

Note. This sti l l needs some work. . .


break on table_name

select table_name

, decode(constraint_type,

'C', 'Check',

'O', 'R/O View',

'P', 'Primary',

'R', 'Foreign',

'U', 'Unique',

'V', 'Check view') type

, nvl(index_name, R_CONSTRAINT_NAME) "IDX"


where owner l ike '&user'

order by table_name

, decode(constraint_type,

'P', '0', 'R', '1 ', 'U', '2', 'C', '3', 'O', '4', 'V', '5')

/

Structure - Material ized view

Create a view log for the master table

List al l material ized view logs

Create a simple material ized view

Show all material ized and resfresh times

Show material ized view tables and masters

Show refresh jobs in dba_jobs

Manually start a refresh

Force a complete refresh

Create a view log for the master table

This is required for fast refresh

create material ized view log on

/

or. . .

create material ized view log on

tablespace

/

List al l material ized view logs

select log_owner

, log_table

from dba_mview_logs

/

Create a simple material ized view

create material ized view andy_mview

refresh [fast | complete | force]

start with sysdate

next sysdate + 1 /24

with primary key

as select * from test_table

/

Fast = update changes only

Complete = wipe and repopulate the mview

Force = fast if possible, complete if not.

Show all material ized and resfresh times


col last_refresh format a20

select owner

, mview_name

, to_char(last_refresh_date, 'dd/mm/yy hh24:mi') last_refresh

from dba_mviews

order by owner, last_refresh

/

Show material ized view tables and masters

set l ines 1 00

col mview format a40

col master format a40

select owner | | '. ' | | name mview

, master_owner | | '. ' | | master master

from dba_mview_refresh_times

/

Show refresh jobs in dba_jobs

This is useful for spotting fai lures

set l ines 1 00

col job format 9999

col log_user format a1 5

col last format a1 5

col next format a1 5

col fai l format 9999

col what format a20

select job

, log_user

, to_char(last_date, 'dd/mm/yy hh24:mi') last

, to_char(next_date, 'dd/mm/yy hh24:mi') next

, fai lures fai l

, replace(what, '"') what

from dba_jobs

where what l ike '%dbms_refresh.refresh%'

/

Manually start a refresh

execute dbms_mview.refresh ('');

Force a complete refresh

execute dbms_mview.refresh ('', 'C');

Structure - Partitions

List partitioned tables

List a tables partitions

Show partition sizes for the specified table

Move a partition to a new tablespace

Add a partition

Split a partition

Drop a partition

Truncate a partition

List partitioned tables


col table_name format a40

select table_name

, partitioning_type type

, partition_count partitions

from dba_part_tables

where owner = '&owner'

order by 1

/

List a tables partitions


col high_value format a20


select partition_name

, tablespace_name

, high_value

from dba_tab_partitions

where table_owner = '&owner'

and table_name = '&table_name'

order by partition_position

/

Show partition sizes for the specified table



col num_rows format 999,999,999

select p.partition_name

, p.tablespace_name

, p.num_rows

, ceil(s.bytes / 1 024 / 1 204) mb

from dba_tab_partitions p

, dba_segments s

where p.table_owner = s.owner

and p.partition_name = s.partition_name

and p.table_name = s.segment_name

and p.table_owner = '&owner'

and p.table_name = '&table_name'

order by partition_position

/

Move a partition to a new tablespace

alter table

move partition

tablespace

nologging

/

Add a partition

alter table

add partition values less than ()

tablespace

/

or. . .

alter table

add partition values ()

tablespace

/

Split a partition

alter table

split partition at ()

into (partition , partition )

update global indexes

/

Drop a partition

alter table drop partition

/

Truncate a partition

alter table truncate partition

/

Structure - Triggers

List triggers by schema

Display all triggers on the specified table

Enable/Disable a trigger

List triggers by schema


select trigger_name

, trigger_type

, table_name

, status

from dba_triggers


order by status, table_name

/

Display all triggers on the specified table


select trigger_name

, trigger_type

, status

from dba_triggers


and table_name = '&table'

order by status, trigger_name

/

Enable/Disable a trigger

alter trigger enable

/

or. . .

alter trigger disable

/

Performance - General

Show currently exectuing sql

Session statistics

Resource intensive sql

Fi le io stats

In session tracing

switch on event 1 0046

Rows per block

Show the buffer cache advisory

Show currently exectuing sql

select sql_text

from v$sqlarea

where users_executing > 0

/

Session statistics

select sn.name

, st.value

from v$sesstat st

, v$statname sn

where st.STATISTIC# = sn.STATISTIC#

and st.VALUE > 0

and st.SID = &SID

order by value desc

/

Resource intensive sql

change 81 92 to match block size

select sql_text

, executions

, to_char((((disk_reads+buffer_gets)/executions) * 81 92)/1 048576,

'9,999,999,990.00')

as total_gets_per_exec_mb

, to_char((( disk_reads /executions) * 81 92)/1 048576,

'9,999,999,990.00')

as disk_reads_per_exec_mb

, to_char((( buffer_gets /executions) * 81 92)/1 048576,

'9,999,999,990.00')

as buffer_gets_per_exec_mb

, parsing_user_id

from v$sqlarea

where executions > 1 0

order by 6 desc

/

File io stats

Requires timed_statistics=true

set l ines 80 pages 999

col fname heading "File Name" format a60

col sizemb heading "Size(Mb)" format 99,999

col phyrds heading "Reads" format 999,999,999

col readtim heading "Time" format 99.999

col phywrts heading "Writes" format 9,999,999

col writetim heading "Time" format 99.999

select lower(name) fname

, (bytes / 1 048576) sizemb

, phyrds

, readtim

, phywrts

, writetim

from v$datafi le df

, v$fi lestat fs

where df.fi le# = fs.fi le#

order by 1

/

In session tracing

To switch it on:

exec dbms_system.set_sql_trace_in_session (, , true);

To switch it off:

exec dbms_system.set_sql_trace_in_session (, , false);

switch on event 1 0046

To switch it on:

alter session set events '1 0046 trace name context forever, level 8';

To switch it off:

alter session set events '1 0046 trace name context off';

Note. use tkprof to interpret the results.

Rows per block

select avg(row_count) avg

, max(row_count) max

, min(row_count) min

from (

select count(*) row_count

from &table_name

group by substr(rowid, 1 , 1 5)

)

/

Show the buffer cache advisory

Note. The current setting is halfway down and has a read factor of one.


col est_mb format 99,999

col estd_physical_reads format 999,999,999,999,999

select size_for_estimate est_mb

, estd_physical_read_factor

, estd_physical_reads

from v$db_cache_advice

where name = 'DEFAULT'

order by size_for_estimate

/

db_cache_advice needs to be on for the above to work

alter system set db_cache_advice=on;

Performance - Locks DML

Show sessions that are blocking each other

Show locked objects

Show which row is locked

List locks

Show sessions that are blocking each other

select 'SID ' | | l1 .sid | | ' is blocking ' | | l2.sid blocking

from v$lock l1 , v$lock l2

where l1 .block =1 and l2.request > 0

and l1 . id1 =l2. id1

and l1 . id2=l2. id2

/

Show locked objects



col sess_id format a1 0

col object format a25

col mode_held format a1 0

select oracle_username | | ' (' | | s.osuser | | ')' username

, s.sid | | ', ' | | s.serial# sess_id

, owner | | '. ' | | object_name object

, object_type

, decode( l .block

, 0, 'Not Blocking'

, 1 , 'Blocking'

, 2, 'Global ') status

, decode(v. locked_mode

, 0, 'None'

, 1 , 'Nul l '

, 2, 'Row-S (SS)'

, 3, 'Row-X (SX)'

, 4, 'Share'

, 5, 'S/Row-X (SSX)'

, 6, 'Exclusive', TO_CHAR(lmode)) mode_held

from v$locked_object v

, dba_objects d

, v$lock l

, v$session s

where v.object_id = d.object_id

and v.object_id = l. id1

and v.session_id = s.sid

order by oracle_username

, session_id

/

Show which row is locked

select do.object_name

, row_wait_obj#

, row_wait_fi le#

, row_wait_block#

, row_wait_row#

, dbms_rowid.rowid_create (1 , ROW_WAIT_OBJ#,

ROW_WAIT_FILE#,

ROW_WAIT_BLOCK#,

ROW_WAIT_ROW#)

from v$session s

, dba_objects do

where sid=&sid

and s.ROW_WAIT_OBJ# = do.OBJECT_ID

/

Then select the row with that rowid. . .

select * from where rowid=;

List locks

column lock_type format a1 2

column mode_held format a1 0

column mode_requested format a1 0

column blocking_others format a20

column username format a1 0

SELECT session_id

, lock_type

, mode_held

, mode_requested

, blocking_others

, lock_id1

FROM dba_lock l

WHERE lock_type NOT IN ('Media Recovery', 'Redo Thread')

/

Performance - Locks DDL

Show all ddl locks in the system

Slightly more simple version of the above

Generate kil l statement for ddl locking sessions

Show all ddl locks in the system

select decode(lob.kglobtyp,

0, 'NEXT OBJECT', 1 , 'INDEX', 2, 'TABLE', 3, 'CLUSTER',

4, 'VIEW', 5, 'SYNONYM', 6, 'SEQUENCE',

7, 'PROCEDURE', 8, 'FUNCTION', 9, 'PACKAGE',

1 1 , 'PACKAGE BODY', 1 2, 'TRIGGER',

1 3, 'TYPE', 1 4, 'TYPE BODY',

1 9, 'TABLE PARTITION', 20, 'INDEX PARTITION', 21 ,

'LOB',

22, 'LIBRARY', 23, 'DIRECTORY', 24, 'QUEUE',

28, 'JAVA SOURCE', 29, 'JAVA CLASS', 30, 'JAVA

RESOURCE',

32, 'INDEXTYPE', 33, 'OPERATOR',

34, 'TABLE SUBPARTITION', 35, 'INDEX SUBPARTITION',

40, 'LOB PARTITION', 41 , 'LOB SUBPARTITION',

42, 'MATERIALIZED VIEW',

43, 'DIMENSION',

44, 'CONTEXT', 46, 'RULE SET', 47, 'RESOURCE PLAN',

48, 'CONSUMER GROUP',

51 , 'SUBSCRIPTION', 52, 'LOCATION',

55, 'XML SCHEMA', 56, 'JAVA DATA',

57, 'SECURITY PROFILE', 59, 'RULE',

62, 'EVALUATION CONTEXT', 'UNDEFINED'

) object_type

, lob.kglnaobj object_name

, pn.kglpnmod lock_mode_held

, pn.kglpnreq lock_mode_requested

, ses.sid

, ses.serial#

, ses.username

from v$session_wait vsw

, x$kglob lob

, x$kglpn pn

, v$sessionses

where vsw.event = 'l ibrary cache lock'

and vsw.p1 raw = lob.kglhdadr

and lob.kglhdadr = pn.kglpnhdl

and pn.kglpnmod != 0

and pn.kglpnuse = ses.saddr

/

Slightly more simple version of the above

select ses.username

, ddl.session_id

, ses.serial#

, owner | | '. ' | | ddl.name object

, ddl. type

, ddl.mode_held

from dba_ddl_locks ddl

, v$session ses

where owner l ike '%userid%'

and ddl.session_id = ses.sid

/

Generate kil l statement for ddl locking sessions

select 'alter system kil l session ''' | | ddl.session_id | | ', ' | | ses.serial# | | '' '

immediate; '

from dba_ddl_locks ddl

, v$session ses

where owner l ike '%userid%'

and ddl.session_id = ses.sid

/

Performance - Waits

Top ten hotest objects by touch count

Waits by fi le

Segment Waits

Time waited for latches

Identify hot blocks

Look at the performance stats for the instance

Top ten hotest objects by touch count

col owner format a20 trunc


col touches format 9,999,999

select *

from (

select count(*)

, sum(tch) TOUCHES

, u.name OWNER

, o.name OBJECT_NAME

from x$bh x

, obj$ o

, user$ u

where x.obj = o.obj#

and o.owner# = u.user#

group by u.name, o.name

order by 2 desc

)

where rownum < 11

/

Waits by fi le

col name format a60

select name

, count

from x$kcbfwait

, v$datafi le

where indx + 1 = fi le#

order by 2

/

Segment Waits

select object_name

, obj#

, statistic_name

, value

from v$segment_statistics

where owner l ike '&owner'

and statistic_name like '%waits%'

and value > 0

order by statistic_name

, value desc

/

Time waited for latches

col event format a30

select event

, time_waited

, round(time_waited*1 00/ SUM (time_waited) OVER(),2) wait_pct

from (

select event

, time_waited

from v$system_event

where event not in (

'Nul l event'

, 'cl ient message'

, 'rdbms ipc reply'

, 'smon timer'

, 'rdbms ipc message'

, 'PX Idle Wait'

, 'PL/SQL lock timer'

, 'fi le open'

, 'pmon timer'

, 'WMON goes to sleep'

, 'virtual circuit status'

, 'dispatcher timer'

, 'SQL*Net message from client'

, 'paral lel query dequeue wait'

, 'pipe get')

union

(

select name

, value

from v$sysstat

where name like 'CPU used when call started'

)

)

order by 2 desc

/

Identify hot blocks

Look at al l waits for the instance

col event format a30

select event

, total_waits

, time_waited

from v$system_event

where event l ike '%wait%'

order by 2,3

/

I f there are lots of 'data block' waits, get a break-down of them

select *

from v$waitstat

/

Then run this to identify the fi le, block and reason code. . .

select p1 "File #"

, p2 "Block #"

, p3 "Reason Code"

from v$session_wait

where event = 'buffer busy waits'

/

Note. You might need to run this a few times before anything is displayed.

Look at the performance stats for the instance

select n.name

, s.value

from v$statname n

, v$sysstat s

where n.statistic# = s.statistic#

order by n.class

, n.name

/

Performance - Statistics

Gather database statistics

Gather stats for a single schema. . .

Delete stats

Gather system stats

Export/Import optimizer statistics

Old style analyze

Show a count of analyezed tables broken down by schema

Show tables that have analyze dates older than today

Gather database statistics

Gather stats on the entire database. . .

execute dbms_stats.gather_database_stats;

Or. . .

execute dbms_stats.gather_database_stats( -

estimate_percent => 1 , -

method_opt => 'FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE 1 ', -

cascade => TRUE);

Gather stats for a single schema. . .

execute dbms_stats.gather_schema_stats('SCOTT');

Or. . .

execute dbms_stats.gather_schema_stats( -

ownname => 'SCOTT', -

estimate_percent => 1 , -

method_opt => 'FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE 1 ', -

cascade => TRUE);

You can let oracle come up with the estimate figure by using

dbms_stats.auto_sample_size

or. . .

execute dbms_stats.gather_schema_stats( -

ownname => 'SYS', -

cascade => TRUE);

Table statistics

exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('', '');

Delete stats

exec dbms_stats.delete_database_stats;

exec dbms_stats.delete_schema_stats('SCOTT');

exec dbms_stats.delete_table_stats('SCOTT', 'EMPLOYEES');

exec dbms_stats.delete_index_stats('SCOTT', 'EMPLOYEES_PK');

Gather system stats

execute dbms_stats.gather_system_stats('Start');

Wait for a while - idealy with the database under a typical workload

execute dbms_stats.gather_system_stats('Stop');

To see the current system statistics

select pname

, pval1

from sys.aux_stats$

where sname = 'SYSSTATS_MAIN'

/

Export/Import optimizer statistics

Create a table to hold the statistics. . .

exec dbms_stats.create_stat_table(ownname => 'SYS', -

stattab => 'prod_stats', tblspace => 'USERS');

Populate the table with the current stats. . .

exec dbms_stats.export_schema_stats(ownname => 'SCOTT', -

statown=>'SYS', stattab=>'prod_stats');

At this point you need to:

1 ) take an export of the 'prod_stats' table

2) import 'prod_stats' into the target database

3) load the statistics using this command. . .

exec dbms_stats. import_schema_stats(ownname => 'SCOTT', -

statown=>'SYS', stattab=>'prod_stats');

Old style analyze

analyze table employees compute statistics;

analyze table employees estimate statistics sample 1 00 rows;

analyze table employees estimate statistics sample 1 5 percent;

analyze index employees_ind compute statistics;

Show a count of analyezed tables broken down by schema


select a.owner

, a. total_tables tables

, nvl(b.analyzed_tables,0) analyzed

from (select owner

, count(*) total_tables

from dba_tables

group by owner) a

, (select owner

, count(last_analyzed) analyzed_tables

from dba_tables

where last_analyzed is not nul l

group by owner) b

where a.owner = b.owner (+)

and a.owner not in ('SYS', 'SYSTEM')

order by a.total_tables - nvl(b.analyzed_tables,0) desc

/

Show tables that have analyze dates older than today

This is useful if you are running an analyze and want to see how much is left to

do

select count(last_analyzed) left_to_do

from dba_tables

where owner = '&schema'

and trunc(last_analyzed) < trunc(sysdate)

order by 1

/

Performance - Query Tuning

Create a plan table

Autotrace

Explain plan

Find a query's hash

Grab the sql associated with a hash

Look at a query's stats in the sql area

Create a plan table

@?/rdbms/admin/utlxplan.sql

Autotrace

To switch it on:

column plan_plus_exp format a1 00

set autotrace on explain # Displays the execution plan only.

set autotrace traceonly explain # dont run the query

set autotrace on # Shows the execution plan as well as statistics of the

statement.

set autotrace on statistics # Displays the statistics only.

set autotrace traceonly # Displays the execution plan and the statistics

To switch it off:

set autotrace off

Explain plan

explain plan for

select . . .

or. . .

explain plan set statement_id = 'bad1 ' for

select. . .

Then to see the output. . .


@?/rdbms/admin/utlxpls

Find a query's hash

Put something unique in the l ike clause

select hash_value, sql_text

from v$sqlarea

where sql_text l ike '%TIMINGLINKS%FOLDERREF%'

/

Grab the sql associated with a hash

select sql_text

from v$sqlarea

where hash_value = '&hash'

/

Look at a query's stats in the sql area

select executions

, cpu_time

, disk_reads

, buffer_gets

, rows_processed

, buffer_gets / executions

from v$sqlarea

where hash_value = '&hash'

/

Performance - Memory

SGA breakdown

PGA usage by username

Display pool usage

SGA breakdown


col bytes format 999,999,999

compute sum of bytes on pool

break on pool skip 1

select pool

, name

, bytes

from v$sgastat

order by pool

, name

/

PGA usage by username

select st.sid "SID",

sn.name "TYPE",

ceil(st.value / 1 024 / 1 024) "MB"

from v$sesstat st,

v$statname sn

where st.statistic# = sn.statistic#

and sid in (select sid

from v$session

where username like '&user')

and upper(sn.name) l ike '%PGA%'

order by st.sid,

st.value desc

/

Display pool usage

select name

, sum(bytes)

from v$sgastat

where pool l ike 'shared pool'

group by name

/

Performance - Statspack

Take a snapshot

Delete one or more snapshots

Generate a report

List snapshots

Instal l statspack

Uninstal l statspack

Schedule and hourly snapshot

Take a snapshot

exec statspack.snap;

Or to specify a level. . .

exec statspack.snap(i_snap_level => 6, i_modify_parameter => 'true');

Level 0 - This level captures general statistics, including rol lback segment, row

cache, SGA, system events, background events, session events, system

statistics, wait statistics, lock statistics, and Latch information.

Level 5 - This level includes capturing high resource usage SQL Statements,

along with al l data captured by lower levels.

Level 6 - This level includes capturing SQL plan and SQL plan usage

information for high resource usage SQL Statements, along with al l data

captured by lower levels.

Level 7 - This level captures segment level statistics, including logical and

physical reads, row lock, itl and buffer busy waits, along with al l data captured

by lower levels.

Level 1 0 - This level includes capturing Child Latch statistics, along with al l data

captured by lower levels.

Delete one or more snapshots

@?/rdbms/admin/sppurge;

Generate a report

@?/rdbms/admin/spreport.sql

List snapshots

col "Date/Time" format a30

select snap_id

, snap_level

, to_char(snap_time, 'HH24:MI :SS DD-MM-YYYY') "Date/Time"

from stats$snapshot

, v$database

order by snap_id

/

Instal l statspack

1 . Create a tablespace (minimum size 1 00MB)

2. Run. . .

@?/rdbms/admin/spcreate

Uninstal l statspack

@?/rdbms/admin/spdrop

Schedule and hourly snapshot

@?/rdbms/admin/spauto.sql

Note. This uses dbms_job, so job_queue_processes needs to be set greater

than 0.

To see the job:

select job

, what

from dba_jobs

/

To delete the job:

exec dbms_job.remove();

Performance - AWR

Display a list of snapshots

Produce a report

To see the snapshot interval and retention period

Change the snapshot interval

Change the retention period

Manually take a snapshot

List al l baselines

Create a baseline

Remove a baseline

Enable/Disable automatic snapshots

Time model queries

Produce an Active Session History (ASH) report

Display a list of snapshots


select snap_id

, snap_level

, to_char(begin_interval_time, 'dd/mm/yy hh24:mi:ss') begin

from dba_hist_snapshot

order by 1

/

Produce a report

@?/rdbms/admin/awrrpt.sql

To see the snapshot interval and retention period

col snap_interval format a30

col retention format a30

select snap_interval

, retention

from dba_hist_wr_control

/

Change the snapshot interval

Note. This example changes it to 30 minutes

exec dbms_workload_repository.modify_snapshot_settings (interval => 30)

Change the retention period

Note. This example changes it to two weeks (1 4 days)

exec dbms_workload_repository.modify_snapshot_settings (retention =>

1 4*24*60)

Manually take a snapshot

exec dbms_workload_repository.create_snapshot

List al l baselines

set l ines 1 00

col baseline_name format a40

select baseline_id

, baseline_name

, start_snap_id

, end_snap_id

from dba_hist_baseline

order by 1

/

Create a baseline

exec dbms_workload_repository.create_baseline (,

, '')

Remove a baseline

exec dbms_workload_repository.drop_baseline('')

Enable/Disable automatic snapshots

Note. This job is enabled by default

exec dbms_scheduler.enable('GATHER_STATS_JOB')

and to disable. . .

exec dbms_scheduler.disable('GATHER_STATS_JOB')

Time model queries

System time model


select stat_name

, value

from v$sys_time_model

order by value desc

/

Session time model


select stat_name

, value

from v$sess_time_model

where sid = '&sid'

order by value desc

/

Produce an Active Session History (ASH) report

@?/rdbms/admin/ashrpt.sql

Backup - DataGuard

Startup commands

To remove a delay from a standby

Cancel managed recovery

Register a missing log fi le

I f FAL doesn't work and it says the log is already registered

Check which logs are missing

Disable/Enable archive log destinations

Turn on fal tracing on the primary db

Stop the Data Guard broker

Show the current instance role

Logical standby apply stop/start

See how up to date a physical standby is

Display info about al l log destinations

Display log destinations options

List any standby redo logs

Startup commands

startup nomount

alter database mount standby database;

alter database recover managed standby database disconnect;

To remove a delay from a standby

alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

alter database recover managed standby database nodelay disconnect;

Cancel managed recovery

alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

Register a missing log fi le

alter database register physical logfi le '';

I f FAL doesn't work and it says the log is already registered

alter database register or replace physical logfi le '';

I f that doesn't work, try this. . .

shutdown immediate

startup nomount


alter database recover automatic standby database;

wait for the recovery to finish - then cancel

shutdown immediate

startup nomount


alter database recover managed standby database disconnect;

Check which logs are missing

Run this on the standby. . .

select local. thread#

, local.sequence# from

(select thread#

, sequence#

from v$archived_log

where dest_id=1 ) local

where local.sequence# not in

(select sequence#

from v$archived_log

where dest_id=2 and

thread# = local. thread#)

/

Disable/Enable archive log destinations

alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2 = 'defer';

alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2 = 'enable';

Turn on fal tracing on the primary db

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_TRACE = 1 28;

Stop the Data Guard broker

alter system set dg_broker_start=false

/

Show the current instance role

select database_role

from v$database

/

Logical standby apply stop/start

Stop. . .

alter database stop logical standby apply;

Start. . .

alter database start logical standby apply;

See how up to date a physical standby is

Run this on the primary

set numwidth 1 5

select max(sequence#) current_seq

from v$log

/

Then run this on the standby

set numwidth 1 5

select max(applied_seq#) last_seq

from v$archive_dest_status

/

Display info about al l log destinations

To be run on the primary

set l ines 1 00

set numwidth 1 5

column ID format 99

column "SRLs" format 99

column active format 99

col type format a4

select ds.dest_id id

, ad.status

, ds.database_mode db_mode

, ad.archiver type

, ds.recovery_mode

, ds.protection_mode

, ds.standby_logfi le_count "SRLs"

, ds.standby_logfi le_active active

, ds.archived_seq#

from v$archive_dest_status ds

, v$archive_dest ad

where ds.dest_id = ad.dest_id

and ad.status != 'INACTIVE'

order by

ds.dest_id

/

Display log destinations options

To be run on the primary

set numwidth 8 l ines 1 00

column id format 99

select dest_id id

, archiver

, transmit_mode

, affirm

, async_blocks async

, net_timeout net_time

, delay_mins delay

, reopen_secs reopen

, register,binding

from v$archive_dest

order by

dest_id

/

List any standby redo logs


col member format a70

select st.group#

, st.sequence#

, ceil(st.bytes / 1 048576) mb

, lf.member

from v$standby_log st

, v$logfi le lf

where st.group# = lf.group#

/

Backup - RMAN

Create a catalog

Register a database

Un-register a database

Reset the catalog after a restlogs on the target

Resync the catalog with the target controlfi le

Delete a backup

Backup a database

Restore/recover a database

Show the controlfi le backup record

Misc commands

Create a catalog

create a tablespace

create a user

grant connect, resource, recovery_catalog_owner to user

rman catalog user/pass@db

create catalog tablespace "";

Note. is case sensitive (i .e. it must be uppercase)

Note. I f you get the error 'rman: can't open catalog', make sure that oracle's

rman is being run (which rman). X11 also has a command called rman. Rename

it if necessary.

Register a database

Note. ensure the target db has a password fi le

rman catalog user/pass@rmandb target user/pass@db

register database;

Un-register a database

sqlplus user/pass@rmandb

select * from rc_database;

select db_key, db_id from db;

execute dbms_rcvcat.unregisterdatabase(, );

Reset the catalog after a restlogs on the target

reset database;

Resync the catalog with the target controlfi le

resync catalog;

Delete a backup

allocate channel. . .

delete backuppiece ;

release channel;

Backup a database

backup database plus archivelog format '/u01 /ora_backup/rman/%d_%u_%s';

run {

al locate channel t1 type disk;

backup current controlfi le format '/u01 /ora_backup/rman/%d_%u_%s';

backup database format '/u01 /ora_backup/rman/%d_%u_%s';

backup archivelog all delete input format

'/u01 /ora_backup/rman/arch_%d_%u_%s';

release channel t1 ;

}

run {


backup archivelog all delete input format

'/u01 /ora_backup/rman/arch_%d_%u_%s';

release channel t1 ;

}

Cold backup (archivelog or noarchivelog mode)

run {


shutdown immediate;

startup mount;

backup database include current controlfi le format

'/u01 /ora_backup/rman/%d_%u_%s';

alter database open;

}

run {


backup archivelog all delete input;

}

Restore/recover a database

Full restore and recovery

startup nomount;

run {





restore controlfi le;

restore archivelog all ;

alter database mount;

restore database;

recover database;

}

sql 'alter database open resetlogs';

Restore and rol l forward to a point in time

startup nomount;

run {

set unti l time ="to_date('30/08/2006 1 2:00', 'dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi')";





restore controlfi le;

restore archivelog all ;

alter database mount;

restore database;

recover database;

}


I f the archive logs are already in place:

startup mount;

run {

set unti l time ="to_date('08/02/2007 1 4:00', 'dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi')";





restore database;

recover database;

}


startup mount;

run {


recover database;

}

Show the controlfi le backup record


col name format a60

break on set_stamp skip 1

select set_stamp

, to_char(ba.completion_time, 'HH24:MI DD/MM/YY') finish_time

, df.name

from v$datafi le df

, v$backup_datafi le ba

where df.fi le# = ba.fi le#

and ba.fi le# != 0

order by set_stamp, ba.fi le#

/

Misc commands

list backupset;

l ist backup of database;

l ist backup of archivelog all ;

report obsolete;

report obsolete redundancy = 2;

delete obsolete; - remove unneeded backups

restore database validate; - check the backup

report unrecoverable;

report schema; - show current db fi les

crosscheck backup; - make sure the backups in the catalog sti l l physical ly exist

delete expired backup; - delete epired backups found by crosscheck

rman target sys/*****@scr1 0 catalog rman/rman@dbarep

LIST BACKUPSET OF DATABASE;

ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE DISK;

DELETE OBSOLETE REDUNDANCY = 4 device type disk;

delete obsolete REDUNDANCY = 2 device type disk;

Delete archive log older than. . .

DELETE NOPROMPT ARCHIVELOG UNTIL TIME "SYSDATE-5"

Crosscheck the available archivelogs (fixes RMAN-06059)

change archivelog all crosscheck;

Backup - Import-Export

Drop user objects script

Truncate user objects script

Import/export to gzip through a pipe

Example parameter fi le

Example nohup script

Resumable import parameters

Import/export to gzip through a pipe

to export to gzip. . .

mknod andypipe p

gzip < andypipe > fi lename.dmp.gz &

exp . . . fi le=andypipe . . .

and to import. . .

mknod andypipe p

gunzip -c fi lename.dmp.gz > andypipe &

imp . . . fi le=andypipe . . .

Example parameter fi le

userid=/

fi le=/u03/scr9/oradata/expimp/exppipe

log=/u03/scr9/oradata/expimp/imp_scr9. log

rows=y

constraints=n

ignore=y

indexes=n

grants=n

ful l=n

feedback=1 0000

direct=y

fromuser=andy,user2

touser=andy,user2

to use the fi le. . .

exp parfi le=

imp parfi le=

Example nohup script

#!/usr/bin/ksh

export ORAENV_ASK=NO

export ORACLE_SID=scr1 0

. /usr/local/bin/oraenv

rm andypipe 2>/dev/nul l

mknod andypipe p

gzip < andypipe > ful l_scr1 0.dmp.gz &

exp / ful l=y indexes=N grants=N statistics=none fi le=andypipe log=ful l_scr1 0. log

rm andypipe 2>/dev/nul l

to use the script. . .

chmod 700

nohup ./ &

Resumable import parameters

resumable=y

resumable_name=

resumable_timeout=

Note. I f you are importing using a user other than sys or system, it wil l need the

system priv 'resumable' granting to it:

grant resumable to ;

Note. I f a resumable job hits a problem which causes it to be suspended, you

wil l not necessari ly see a message indicating that on the screen. You need to

constantly monitor either the alert log or the dba_resumable view.


col name format a20

select name

, start_time

, suspend_time

, status

from dba_resumable

/

I f the job gets suspended, you can see the reason why with the next query


select error_msg

from dba_resumable

where name like '&resumable_name'

/

Backup - Flashback

To put the session back in time

Copy old data into a new table

Export a database from a point in time

Find the current SCN number

Set the database recovery directory and size

Set the flashback database retention target

Turn on flashback database

What is the earl iest time the database can be flashed back to?

Get a l ist of times and scn numbers

Flash the database back

To put the session back in time

Note. undo_management must be auto

Note. Take a look at undo_retention to get an idea of how far back you might be

able to go.

Note. This can't be run as sys - system works though

exec dbms_flashback.enable_at_time(to_date('2006-AUG-24 1 2:00:00', 'YYYY-

MON-DD HH24:MI :SS'));

To disable flashback run. . .

exec dbms_flashback.disable;

Copy old data into a new table

First, create an empty copy of the source table. . .

create table old_test_table

tablespace andy

as select *

from test_table

where rownum < 1

/

Now, insert the old data into it. . .

insert /*+ APPEND */ old_test_table

(select * from test_table as of timestamp

to_timestamp('24-AUG-06 1 2:00:00', 'DD-MON-YY HH24:MI :SS'))

/

Export a database from a point in time

exp / fi le=ful l_scr9.dmp log=ful l_scr9. log flashback_time=TO_TIMESTAMP('1 0-

09-2006 09:00:00', 'DD-MM-YYYY HH24:MI :SS')

exp / parfi le=ful l_scr9.par

parfi le. . .

userid=system/******

fi le=ful l_scr9.dmp

log=ful l_scr9. log

flashback_time='2006-09-1 3 1 2:00:00'

Find the current SCN number

select dbms_flashback.get_system_change_number from dual

/

Set the database recovery directory and size

These settings are dynamic

alter system set db_recovery_fi le_dest='' scope=both

/

alter system set db_recovery_fi le_dest_size= scope=both

/

Set the flashback database retention target

alter system set db_flashback_retention_target= scope=both

/

Turn on flashback database

shutdown immediate

startup mount

alter database flashback on;

alter database open;

What is the earl iest time the database can be flashed back to?

select oldest_flashback_scn scn

, to_char(oldest_flashback_time, 'hh24:mi:ss dd/mm/yyyy') oldest_time

from v$flashback_database_log

/

Get a l ist of times and scn numbers

set pages 999

select scn

, to_char(time_dp, 'hh24:mi:ss dd/mm/yyyy') time

from smon_scn_time

order by scn

/

Flash the database back

shutdown immediate

startup mount exclusive

flashback database to scn ;

or. . .

flashback database to timestamp to_timestamp('22/04/2007

1 9:30:00', 'dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi:ss');

alter database open resetlogs;

Backup - Datapump

Create an oracle directory

create the default data pump directory

Export

Import

Create an oracle directory

create directory my_dir as '/home/oracle/andyb';

create the default data pump directory

create directory data_pump_dir as '/u01 /ora_backup/datapump';

Export

expdp system/****** schemas=andy dumpfi le=andy.dp directory=my_dir

Import

impdp system/****** schemas=andy dumpfi le=andy.dp directory=my_dir

Miscellaneous - Useful UNIX

Find/Zip/Move/Delete fi les older than x days

Delete the 500 oldest fi les

Find and grep

list al l fi les opened by a process

ls -l sorted by size

cpio unzip syntax

man commands

pipes

Turn off auto indent and bracket matching in vi

Capture a control charater

Configure ksh environment

Show routing tables

Check all logs for ORA- errors

Find/Zip/Move/Delete fi les older than x days

find ./ -name "*.ARC" -mtime +1 -exec ls -l {} \;

find ./ -name "*.ARC" -mtime +1 -exec rm {} \;

find ./ -name "*.ARC" -mtime +1 -exec gzip {} \;

find ./ -name "*.arch" -mtime +1 -exec mv {} /u01 /andy/;

Delete the 500 oldest fi les

rm -f ` ls -tr|head -500`

Find and grep

find ./ -grep {} \; -print 2>/dev/nul l

Or. . .

find ./ -exec grep -l "string" {} \;

l ist al l fi les opened by a process

lsof -p

ls -l sorted by size

ls -l |sort -k 5

du -sk *|sort -n

cpio unzip syntax

cpio -idmv <

man commands

man -k -displays the chapters containing the specified

man -shows the page

pipes

mknod p

Turn off auto indent and bracket matching in vi

:set noai nosm

Capture a control charater

ctl-v then press the control key (eg. backspace)

Configure ksh environment

To display the current settings

set -o

To set HP/UX stylee. . .

set -o vi

set -o vi-esccomplete

Show routing tables

netstat -r

Check all logs for ORA- errors

grep ^ORA- *log |cut -f2 -d"-"|cut -f1 -d: |awk '{print "ORA-" $1 }'|sort -u

Miscellaneous - utl_fi le

Create a test procedure

Run the procedure

Create a test procedure

create or replace procedure andy_fi le_test (

path in varchar2,

fi lename in varchar2,

text in varchar2

)

is

output_fi le utl_fi le.fi le_type;

begin

output_fi le := utl_fi le.fopen (path,fi lename, 'W');

utl_fi le.put_l ine (output_fi le, text);

utl_fi le.fclose(output_fi le);

end;

/

Run the procedure

execute andy_fi le_test('/home/oracle/andy/fi le_test', 'andy.txt', 'hel lo world');

SQL*Net - tnsnames.ora

Sample dedicated connection

Listener entry

Sample dedicated connection

SCR9 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = bloo)(PORT = 1 521 ))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = scr9)

)

)

Listener entry

LISTENER_+ASM =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = bloo)(PORT = 1 522))

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