CHNG IV: TNH HNH PHT TRIN H THNG IPTV TI VIT NAM Trong thi i cng ngh thng tin hin nay, con ngi vi trnh dn tr ngy cng cao cho nn s i hi v nhu cu gii tr cng cao, t dch v IPTV ra i vi cc tnh nng vt tri s mang li cho con ngi cm nhn mi v truyn hnh m ch c dch v IPTV mi c th p ng c so vi cc cng ngh khc hin ti, cng vi chi phi gi thnh thp do IPTV s pht trin mnh m v l dch v truyn hnh s mt trong tng lai khng xa.

IPTV c c hi rt ln pht trin nhanh chng khi m mng bng rng c mt khp mi ni v hin nay c trn 100 triu h gia nh s dng dch v bng rng trn ton cu. Rt nhiu nh cung cp dch v vin thng ln trn th gii ang trin khai thm d IPTV v xem nh mt c hi mi thu li nhun t th trng hin c ca h v coi nh mt gii php t bo v trc s ln sn ca cc dch v truyn hnh cp. Ti th trng cung cp dch v Vit Nam, dch v IPTV bt u c th nghim cung cp vi mt s dch v c bn.

4.1. Tnh hnh pht trin dch v IPTV ton cu Ngay t gia nhng nm 2000, cc nh khai thc vin thng v cung cp dch v Internet (ISP) Ty u trin khai cc dch v IPTV u tin s dng ADSL2/2+ bng rng, v sau chng bt u c trin khai ti hu ht cc quc gia pht trin, ni m c ADSL2/2+ hay cc h tng bng rng. Nm 2007, Verizon v AT&T trin khai thnh cng dch v IPTV M s dng cng ngh cp quang ko ti nh (Fibre To The Home - FTTH) v ng dy thu bao s tc rt cao (Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line - VDSL2).

C th ni, IPTV l mt dch v hp dn i vi c cc nh khai thc vin thng v cc ISP bi 2 l do chnh. Th nht, IPTV to ra mt ngun doanh thu hon ton mi b li s st gim doanh thu ca cc dch v thoi v d liu truyn thng. Th hai, n gip gim s thay i ca khch hng thng qua vic tch hp cc dch v truyn thng v gii tr.

Tng trng doanh thu trn ton th gii cho cc dch v IPTV trong nm nm tip theo s tng nhanh hn trong nhng khng gian truyn hnh tr tin ton cu tng th, d bo th trng pht hnh th t cho bit .

Ngun: Digital TV research Ltd

Hnh 4.1. Top 10 quc gia c doanh thu truyn hinh k thut s hng u vo nm 2017 IPTV ton cu c thm 100 triu thu bao. Bao gm 97 quc gia , s lng nh tr tin cho IPTV s tng tc chng mt n 167 triu vo cui nm 2018, tng t 69 triu vo cui nm 2012 v t ch c 13 triu vo cui nm 2008, theo mt bo co mi t cng ty chuyn nghin cu truyn hnh k thut s .

Hnh 4.2. D bo IPTV ton cu Simon Murray, tc gi ca bo co d bo ton cu IPTV , cho bit: " iu ny c ngha rng IPTV thm nhp vo h gia nh xem truyn hnh s vt qu 10 % vo nm 2018, tng hn gp i con s nm 2012 v tng so vi ch 1% trong nm 2008 doanh thu IPTV. [ T ng k gi c bn v theo yu cu ] s tng ln 21,3 t USD vo nm 2018, tng t $ 12,0 t USD trong nm 2012 v 2,8 t USD nm 2008. "T 98 triu thu bao s c thm vo gia nm 2012 v nm 2018, 71 triu s c thm trong khu vc Chu Thi Bnh Dng tng ng 73 % s thu bao mi . Chu Thi Bnh Dng s chim 64% tng s thu bao IPTV ton cu vo nm 2018.

Hnh 4.3. Nhm 5 quc gia dn u v s thu bao chi tr cho IPTV. Mt na trong s 10 quc gia hng u ca thu bao IPTV l trong khu vc Chu Thi Bnh Dng vo cui nm 2012. c cc nh lnh o th gii , Trung Quc s cung cp 76 triu (46% ) trong tng s nm 2018, tng t 23 triu (33%) trong nm 2012 v ch 1,1 triu (8%) vo cui nm 2008 . n s ng gp 4,7 triu thu bao IPTV vo nm 2018 , tng so vi ch 153.000 vo cui nm 2012.

Tng trng mnh cng s Nga. Doanh thu IPTV s tng ln 21,3 t USD vo nm 2018 , tng t 12,0 t USD vo nm 2012 v 2,8 t USD nm 2008 c phn ca tng s ton cu ca khu vc chu Thi Bnh Dng s tng t 13 % nm 2008 ln 34% vo nm 2018 - ch ng sau Bc M. T doanh thu 9,3 t USD s c to ra gia nm 2012 v 2018, M s ng gp 1,9 t USD. Khu vc Chu Thi Bnh Dng s ng gp thm 4,0 t USD , ng u l Trung Quc (1,7 t USD tr ln) v Nht Bn (1,1 t USD). M tip tc c ngun doanh thu IPTV ln nht bng cch ly 30 % tng s doanh thu nm 2018 (gim t 40% c phn trong nm 2008 ). Php s ri t v tr th hai vo nm 2012 xung th t vo nm 2018. Trung Quc s mt v tr th hai vo nm 2018 , vi doanh thu gn gp bn ln con s nm 2012.4.2. Tnh hnh pht trin dch v IPTV Vit Nam Cng nh tnh hnh chung nhiu ni trn th gii, vic pht trin cc dch v IPTV Vit Nam tng i c lp, thng ch gii hn trong ni mng, cha thc s nh hnh v tnh tiu chun ho cng nh v m hnh t chc trin khai dch v quy m ln (lin kt mng, lin thng dch v, trn a dng nn tng mng).

Mt s nh cung cp dch v IPTV cho bit, nm 2014 s tp trung pht trin cc dch v gii tr theo yu cu, tng tnh tng tc gia cc c nhn, cho php dch v IPTV p ng nhu cu ngi dng nh mt mng x hi.Dch v truyn hnh tng tc (IPTV) mi ra i cch y 3 nm, nhng theo s liu ca B TT&TT, hin IPTV t ti gn 1 triu thu bao (trong tng s 3,8 triu thu bao truyn hnh tr tin trn ton quc), ch ng sau truyn hnh cp (khong 1,7 triu thu bao), tng ng vi dch v truyn hnh s (c v tinh v mt t). Hin c 4 nh cung cp dch v IPTV l FPT Telecom, VTC, VNPT v Viettel. Trong , FPT Telecom l nh cung cp dch v truyn hnh IPTV u tin Vit Nam vi thng hiu OneTV. Dch v ny c FPT Telecom pht trin ti 44 tnh, thnh trn c nc. VTC l nh cung cp dch v IPTV th hai. Tuy nhin, VTC l doanh nghip duy nht khng c h tng Internet, nn trin khai dch v IPTV, VTC k kt hp ng phi hp vi VNPT cc tnh, thnh, v ang cung cp dch v ti khong hn 50 tnh, thnh. Hai tp on ln trong ngnh vin thng l VNPT (cung cp dch v MyTV) v Viettel (cung cp dch v NetTV) tuy i sau nhng vi li th v h tng mng Internet v knh phn phi nn c nh gi l c tim nng ln pht trin dch v IPTV.

Hnh 4.4. OneTV hin pht trin ti hn 40 tnh thnh trn c nc. nh: C.T.

Theo Cng ty Phn mm v Truyn thng VASC (n v c VNPT giao nhim v cung cp dch v MyTV), ch sau hn 2 nm chnh thc thng mi ha, hin MyTV c khong 800.000 thu bao, chim hn 90% th phn dch v IPTV trn ton quc. MyTV c tc pht trin rt nhanh, trung bnh khong 20.000 thu bao mi mi thng.

VASC cho bit s phn u n cui nm tch ly c 1,1 triu thu bao v gi vng v tr ng u trn th trng dch v truyn hnh IPTV.

im c bit l MyTV pht trin rt mnh cc tnh l, ni m cha c dch v truyn hnh tr tin cnh tranh. Theo , Ty Ninh l tnh c s lng thu bao nhiu nht do tnh ny cha c dch v truyn hnh cp, k n l cc tnh pha Bc... H Ni v TP HCM l ni m dch v MyTV pht trin o ut do ngi tiu dng khng mun thay i dch v hoc do cc khu th mi khng c ng truyn Internet ca VNPT. n c, ti TP HCM, MyTV khai trng t 16/10/2009 nhng n nay mi c 9.600 thu bao, mt con s kh khim tn so vi tim nng th trng. V ti H Ni cng tng t.

IPTV s nh mt "mng x hi" trn TV, nh gi v tim nng pht trin ca dch v IPTV Vit Nam, ng Nguyn Vn Khoa, Tng Gim c FPT Telecom cho rng, IPTV s tr thnh xu hng chung trong lnh vc truyn hnh tr tin ti Vit Nam. Bi cng ngy vic c nhn ha nhu cu cng din ra mnh m, khch hng sn sng tr tin cho vic c tha mn cc nhu cu gii tr cho ring mnh. Mt khc, s lng ngi dng Internet ngy cng nhiu hn, cc nh mng cng cung cp dch v Internet vi bng thng cao hn v cht lng tt hn. y l c s nn tng cho s pht trin ca IPTV.

Tuy nhin, theo ng Khoa, ngi dn Vit Nam ang quen vi vic dng chung v h cha sn sng u t khi mt u thu/b gii m ch c th cung cp mt ni dung pht trn TV ti mt thi im. Ngi dng c th chia s tn hiu ra nhiu TV nhng tt c cc TV u xem chung mt ni dung. N khc vi truyn hnh cp l ch c mt ng tn hiu vo v c th chia ra nhiu TV, mi TV xem mt knh khc nhau.

khc phc nhng yu im ca IPTV, t nm 2013, FPT Telecom s tp trung pht trin dch v FPT Play HD, mt dch v gii tr cho php ngi dng c th thng thc ni dung theo yu cu ti nh, mt bc pht trin mi trong lnh vc IPTV. Vi FPT Play HD, ngi dng khng ch xem c cc knh ca HDTV m cn c thc s tha mn nhu cu ca mnh vi cht lng full HD v ni dung a dng nht (xem phim theo yu cu, iu khin Youtube bng smartphone, ci t thm cc ng dng (Facebook, Twitter, Picasa) trn TV.

D kin, trong nm nay, VASC s cho ra mt mt dch v mi (MyTVNet) cho php cung cp dch v trn h tng Internet ca cc nh mng khc. Vi dch v ny, khch hng ang dng dch v Internet ca bt c nh mng no, ch cn mua mt thit b gii m ring, ng k dch v MyTV vi VNPT cc tnh thnh l c th xem c MyTV. Hin nay, gii php k thut c th nghim xong v d kin chnh thc thng mi ha dch v trong vi thng ti.

ng thi, vi vic pht trin cc dch v tng tc mi nh: Video call, TV Voting, TV Messages, TV Friend... VASC mong mun s pht trin mt mng x hi qua chic TV.4.3. Kh nng nhu cu ca th trng ti Vit Nam Tnh n thi im hin ti, MyTV ang c hn 1 triu thu bao, chim khong 90% th phn truyn hnh IPTV v khong 16% th phn truyn hnh tr tin; ng th 3 v th phn truyn hnh tr tin ti Vit Nam, sau SCTV v VTVcab.

i din VASC cho bit, ngay t nhng ngy u ra mt th trng, MyTV lun bm st chin lc pht trin tp trung vo 3 yu t: ni dung, cht lng v th trng. iu ny c thy r trong qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin dch v trong sut gn 4 nm qua.

V th trng, n nay dch v MyTV c trin khai ti 63 tnh/TP v c bit l c cung cp ti nhiu huyn, o, bin gii xa xi nh L Sn, Li Sn, Hn Tre, Ph Quc

"Bn cnh , MyTV khng ngng ch trng pht trin ni dung, m bo mang n cho khch hng cc ni dung gii tr phong ph, a dng. S lng knh truyn hnh c nng t 32 knh k t ngy khai trng ln hn 100 knh trong nc, quc t hin nay. Cc ni dung phim, m nhc, karaoke, game, c truyn lin tc c cp nht mi. Ngoi ra, MyTV thng xuyn cho ra mt cc dch v mi v hng ti phn cp ni dung theo tng i tng khch hng (tr em, ph n, thanh, thiu nin) qua cc dch v thiu nhi, sc khe v lm p, phong cch sng, gio dc o to.. Cht lng phc v v dch v cng lun c MyTV t ln hng u. Bn cnh i ng pht trin v chm sc khch hng ca VNPT cc tnh/TP, VASC cng xy dng ring 1 tng i h tr khch hng 18001255 t vn v gii quyt mi thc mc lin quan n dch v. Hng nm, VASC thng t chc cc chng trnh nhm tri n nhng khch hng trung thnh vi dch v t nhng thi gian u n nay.

Trn thc t, so vi cc loi hnh truyn hnh tr tin khc nh cp v truyn hnh v tinh, MyTV th hin c nhng u im khc bit: Khch hng khng dng li vic xem truyn hnh n thun m c th xem bt c chng trnh no mnh yu thch vo bt k thi im no thng qua cc tnh nng tua li, lu tr v xem li. Hn th, ch vi thit b u cui STB v mn hnh TV, khch hng MyTV cn c tha mn nhu cu gii tr ti a vi cc gic quan v cc hot ng tng tc: xem (hng trm knh truyn hnh, kho phim v clip gii tr vi mi th loi ni dung), nghe (nhc, c truyn, radio), chi (game, gameshow), c (tin tc), ht (karaoke), hc (o to t xa), nhn tin cho bn b, bnh chn, tham gia kho st (TV Voting) MyTV thc s th hin c sc mnh ca dch v Truyn hnh theo yu cu, ng thi hp dn khch hng bi tnh nng tng tc trc tip. Hay ni cch khc, MyTV ang lm thay i thi quen gii tr qua truyn hnh ca s ng khn gi Vit Nam.

Bn cnh , c th thy th trng dch v truyn hnh trong nhng nm gn y c s cnh tranh gay gt. Cc nh cung cp thng p dng cc chnh sch bn hng linh ng ph hp vi th hiu cng nh kh nng thanh ton ca khch hng ti tng th trng. Trong 1 tnh/TP, ty theo nhu cu th trng v khu vc a l c th p dng nhiu chnh sch gi, chnh sch khuyn mi v thi gian khuyn mi khc nhau. Trong bi cnh , vic ban hnh gi sn ca dch v MyTV v cho php VNPT cc tnh/TP linh hot a ra mc gi cc da trn gi sn to th ch ng cho VNPT cc tnh/TP quyt nh mc cc c th ph hp vi a bn v kh nng cnh tranh, tun theo ng quy lut cung-cu ca th trng.

Hin nay, VASC cng ang trin khai th nghim dch v MyTV Net v MyTV DTH. Kt qu th nghim cho thy khch hng kh quan tm v n nhn. Sp ti, khch hng cc khu vc h tng vin thng hn ch vn s c thng thc dch v MyTV vi cht lng tt v gi cc cnh tranh.

4.4 Kh nng p ng nhu cu dch v IPTV ca mng vin thng ti Vit NamVi mng bng hp truyn thng, ch mt s dch v n gin ca IPTV l c th thc hin c. Cn c th trin khai thnh cng dch v IPTV th mng bng rng ng vai tr tin quyt, bi v ch vi mng bng rng mi c th bo m cung cp y bng thng theo yu cu cho cc dch v IPTV (nh truyn hnh, Video, Games, v.v...). V xu hng pht trin ca Internet, Vit Nam c mc tiu tr thnh mt trong 70 quc gia c nn cng ngh thng tin vin thng pht trin hng u th gii. H tng vin thng n nm 2015 s ph sng di ng bng rng n 70% c dn trong c nc, trin khai xy dng cp quang n h gia nh ti tt c cc khu th mi; 20%-30% s h gia nh c my tnh v Internet bng thng rng. Vit Nam cng t mc tiu n nm 2015 tr thnh mt trong 20 quc gia cung cp dch v gia cng phn mm v ni dung s hp dn nht th gii. Cc nh chuyn mn cho rng, tng lai ca nn kinh t Internet Vit Nam l t 17%-20% GDP vo nm 2015 v t 20%-30% vo nm 2020. VNG nh gi, theo thng k t nm 2004 s ngi dng Internet l 6,3 triu ngi, n nm 2009 con s ngi dng tng ln 20,9 triu ngi, d kin n nm 2014 l 36,3 triu ngi dng. Doanh thu ni dung/dch v Internet nm 2013 l 20.400 t ng v d on con s ny vo nm 2018 l 100.000 t ng. l cha k n doanh thu cc loi dch v khc nh qung co trc tuyn, game online, thng mi in t, ni dung mobile ng thi vi vic trin khai cc cng ngh hu tuyn xDSL/PON v cng ngh v tuyn bng rng (WiFi/WiMAX, CDMA, ...) ca cc nh cung cp dch v Vit Nam, th IPTV li cng c c hi pht trin mnh m v bo m cho s thnh cng ca loi hnh dch v mi ny.

Vic chuyn i cu trc mng li t chuyn mch knh truyn thng theo thi gian sang mng NGN vi cng ngh chuyn mch gi l mt s chuyn i mnh m v cng ngh, ph hp vi xu th pht trin chung ca cc nc pht trin trn th gii. Do vy, cc nh cung cp dch v ca Vit Nam chn NGN lm bc pht trin tip theo trong vic tm kim cc gii php pht trin mng. Mng NGN s cho php trin khai cc dch v a dng vi gi thnh thp, gim thiu thi gian a dch v mi ra th trng, gim chi ph khai thc mng v dch v, ng thi nng cao hiu qu u t v to ngun doanh thu mi ngoi doanh thu t cc dch v truyn thng. NGN cho php tng cng kh nng kim sot, bo mt thng tin v tin cy trong khi gim thiu c chi ph vn hnh. NGN c xy dng trn tiu ch m, cc giao thc chun v giao din thn thin. NGN thng nht mng hu tuyn truyn thng v chun truyn ti m thanh, hnh nh, d liu khng dy.

Xt trn kha cnh cng ngh, xu hng cng ngh hin nay l s hi t ca nhiu cng ngh a ra nhng loi hnh dch v tng hp (nh kt hp cc dch v thoi, s liu v bng rng) cho khch hng, ng thi tn dng c nhng c s h tng sn c gim thiu chi ph u t nng cp. Dch v IPTV chnh l mt sn phm ca s hi t khi m ch vi mt thit b u cui khch hng c th s dng khong 9- 10 loi hnh dch v con (truyn hnh qung b, truyn hnh theo yu cu, in thoi thng thng, in thoi IP, in thoi truyn hnh, truy cp Internet, v.v...). Hn na vic p dng cng ngh trin khai nhng dch v vi cc chi ph nh, ti u ho h tng vin thng sn c s tng sc cnh tranh khi m thi gian gia nhp WTO ca Vit Nam ang n gn.

ng thi c th khng nh vi h tng mng truy nhp hu tuyn v v tuyn bng rng trn c s mng NGN hin i m cc nh khai thc cung cp dch v ca Vit Nam v ang hng ti xy dng th vic trin khai dch v IPTV l hp l v kh nng bo m p ng yu cu trin khai dch v ny l hon ton kh thi.