civilenggdrwg1

EIVIL ENIJINEERINTS DRAWIN[=II(For Second Year Third Semester in Civil Engineering Students)

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N. SREENIVASULUS. RAMA RAO

As Per C-Og

4-5-64, Book Basement, Beside Andhra Bank, Kothi, Hyderabad - 500 095.Phone :2475 4430, Fax :040-2475 4431, email: [email protected]

Rwised & Updated Edition 201 I-2012

@ All Rights Reserved

PREFACE

This volume meant for Civil Engineering Drawing-I included in the Third Semester in

(C-09) for Civil Engineering Students includes Building Drawing and Simple Cross-masonry

works like Pipe Culverts, Causeways, Culverts and Bridges.

As the drawing is the language of Engineers, he musl be well versed with dilferent

conventional signs, and symbols to be used for different Sanitury & Electrical Fixtures lct be

used in building drawings so as to present the drawing in a simple nenner ancl ut the same time

making them more informative.

The drawings are to be drawn in accordance with the speci/icalions and olher details so as

to work out detailed estimate of all the components. To achieve the above obiective, the quthor

has taken the necessary steps in presenting the drawings, specificutions and methotlology in

developing dffirent views of the buildings.

The author would like to convey his sincere thanks to his colleagues who have encouraged

to take up this work in the interest of the students. It is strongly believed that this book on

Civil Engineering Drawing - I will be more meaningful and help the students in better

understanding.

Though the publishers and author have taken every care to ntake the drawings sharp, neat

and meaningful, there is every possibility that few mistakes tnight have crept in. To make this

volume free from any mistakes, the author requests the Civil Engineering staff members to

kindly bring to the notice of publishers to take appropriate measures.

Finaily, the author would like to express his thanks tu nft. Rf,DlAilT

Hyderabad and other men who ltave taken keen interest and

instructions in making the drawings to utt& satisfaction. -

I

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oR or[-rrRwisI wirhour rkr pRioR wRiiIEN prRMissioru ofrlre pubtishens.

Pnirurirrrc, of books pAssES r[rnouqh MANy sTAqEs-u/Ririr,rq,

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leqnl REspoNsibiliry.

Stockisls

Phone : 2475 5596, 6673 0677Fax : 040-2475 443 I

RfiDIf,lIT BOOK HOUSEShop No. 4-5 -62, Women's College Road,

Beside Andhra Bank, Kothi,Hyderabad (A.P) - 500 095,

Phone : 2474 4 I 85, 6673 0577

VUt. llEW BO9K TRflDERS

Shop No. 4-5 -62, First Floor,Beside Andhra Bank, Kothi,Hyderabad (A.P) - 500 095.

tr T] NTENTE|

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his

tol

Bonds in Brickwork

Exercise - 2

Doors and Windows

Door frame Shutter Dimensions and sizes of doorshutter as recommended in I.S : 1003 Designation and

sizes of doors & windows.

Exercise - 3

. Trusses

King post truss Principle of construction Drawingprocedure Queen post truss Drawing procedure.

Exercise - 4

Exercise - 5

Planning and Arrangement Rooms in ResidentialBuilding as Per Standards of Building Bye-Laws

I

7

l t-14

Some of the terms used- in-stairs Some of the guidingvalues - Types of stairs.

Exercise - I IExercise - 12

Exercise - l3Exercise - 14

Exercise - l5Exercise - l6Exercise - 17

Exercise - l8Exercise - l9Exercise - 20

Short Answer Questions

Page No.

4t-65

44

46

48

53

55

57

59

6l

63

65

66.67

l2

t 5-20

. . ... .. ..r. 2l-27

28-40

30

32

34

37

39

r6

t8

Building

Exercise -

Exercise -

Exercise -

Exercise -

Exercise -

Drawings and their Development

6

7

8

9

l0

' $i,.;'*',f, ft*' i tlll,+ Conventional signs and symbols':.'=€ffi;h,'.''

'ffi.,* Exercise - I. ,:rj:ti.rjl

ffi'''"' Important terms in building construction -

'*'Chapter Page No.

ir'&

lntroduction (Chapter-11

lNTRoDucnoN

1.ir lNTRoDucTloT :

Drawings represent reduced shape of structures and the owner will be able to see what is going

to happen. The drawings are prepared as per the requirements of the owner. In case of publicbuildings, the functional aspects are studied and accordingly the drawings are prepared as perthe recommendations laid down in National Building Code (N.B.C) or as per the Indian Standard

Specifications. Any- modifications like additions or omissions can be suggested from a study of thedrawings before actual construction of the structure is started. Drawings provide a language withspecific data to Architects, Engineers and workmen at the site to construct the stnrcture accordingly." In case of public buildings, bridges or any other civil engineering works, it is essential toworkout different items of construction with their quantities for estimating the total cost ofconstruction project. For this purpose, drawings of different parts and different views are essentialso that approval of work from the sanctioning authority can be obtained. Further, the detaileddrawings form as an essential contract documents, when the work is handed over to a contractor.Hence, it is necessary to prepare detailed drawings which will inform the conhactor, the exactinformation which he needs during the construction of different items of work.

Drawings, thus prepared should be carefully preserved even after the completion of work.Thus, it becomes to assess the possibility of further vertical expansion by referring to the foundationdetails initially provided. Drawings should be clear, simple, clean and accurately drawn so thatscaled measurements agree with actual figures.

1.2 PRIME REOUIREMENTS OF A GOOD DRAWING :

The quality of drawing can be improved by considering the following points :

l. Drawing should be clear, simple and clean.

2. Should be accurately drawn so that scaled measurements agree with actualdimensions and free from repetive details.

3. Exact inforniation should be provided iit orderto carry out the work at site withoutscaling for missing measurements.

4. Neatness, an ability for co-relative details and their arrangement in a losical seouenceoulo De provloe

1.3 CONVENTIONAL SIGNS AND SYMBOLS :

Conventional signs are used to represent the particular item in the drawing. For example,stone masonry, brick masonry, concrete are indicated by standard conventional signs. They are onlyrepresented in the section i.e., when the materials are cut by any imaginary plane.

Similarly conventional symbols are provided to indicate doors, windows, their fixing,movement of shufiers when ttrey are closeci or openeci, various water supply and sanitary fixrures,like tap, wash basin, w.c, urinals, kitchen sink, shower etc. Symbols are also used to indicate theposition of electrical fittings like, lamp. switch, power socket, fan, etc. To indicate positions offurniture in drawing room, bed room, suitable symbols are used.

The Bureau of Indian Standards (B.l.S) has recommended conventional signs and symbolsin order to :

l. Avoid confusion and to understand the drawings.

2. Save time in making out various details in the drawing to enable others to quicklyunderstand without any confusion.

3. Identiff the various details viz; Materials of construction, Electrical fixtures, watersupply & sanitary fittings, positions of furniture like chairs, tables, Beds, cup boards,kitchen sinks, cooking range etc.

4. Prevent any dispute between contractor and owner (or executing authority) in actualconstruction of the structure.

EXERCISE I IDraw the Conventional signs, Conventional symbols for plumbing fixtures, Electrical

fittings and other symbols generally required to be shown in building drawings.- Select30 mm x 25 mm height rectangular blocks for drawing the conventional silrs and symbols asshown in PLATE lA, lB and lC.

5. Only minimum notes to suppolt the drawings should be indicated in the6. Sufficient space should be provided between different views so as

dimensions without crowding.

drawing.

to mark the

' Civil Enginee.ing Drawing-l (Chapter-l)-\-.\,^!

CONVENTIONAL SIGNS PLATE: l-A

BRICK BRICK EXISTING STONE STONE EXISTING ASHLAR RUBBLE STONE PIASTEREXISTING

bFocoGnoJftunoftr-AU0

r* ( (((c((

((

zac (

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CONCRETE

CI.AY TILEUNGISZED

COT.ICRETEEXIS] iNG

CERAMIC TILES

CINDERS

PLY WOOD'

STEEL AND C)ASTIRON

SANO

ROUGH WOOD

GROUND LEVEL

wooD ACROSS

WATER, OIL,PETROL

CLAY TILEGI.AZED

ALONG GRAINSGRAINS

FIBRE BOARD ANDINSULATING BOARD

//

// a

r--------------------------------------r--------p-----------t--------------------la.-------------------t-------!---- - - - -.-t------!--_----------r--------------------

SHEET METALGLASS ALUMINIUM STRUCTURALSECTIONS

-_ STEEL

SYMBOLS FOR DOORS PLATE : 1-B

SINGLE LEAF SI]UT"TER(slNGLE SWING)

STNGLE LEAF' DOUBLIT SwtNC DOUBLE LIiAF SINGLE .SWING LIAF DOUBLE SWING

FOLDING CENTRE [{IJNG

SUDINC ONE SIDE

1_

SLIDING BO-I"}I SIDES ROLLING SHUTTER EXTERNAL ROLLTNG SHUTI-ER INTERNAI- REVOLVINC DOOR

SYMI}OLS FOR WINDOWS

VERTICAL CENTRE HUNG VERTICAL SLIDINGHORIZONTAL CENTRE HUNG TOP HUNG BOTTOM HUNG

IX)Ubll-E

DOOR WITH PR.OJECTED FIINGESFOLDING SIDE HUNb FOLDING DOUBLE LEAF

RIGHT HANDSIDE HUNG

SIDE HUNG

4 -Civil Engineerinq QrlwlnP-l (Chapter- 1 )

PLATE: l-CSYMBOLS FOR SANITARY TNSTALLATIONS AND FITMENTS

\

Q

FTTEEw

TOWEL RAIL

STOP VALVE ORSLUICE VALVE

WA"SH BA"SIN

LADIES UNTNET

COOKING PLAT FORM

cuP B0ARD (C.B)

AIMAIRAII

URINAL CORNER TII.TNG

I},IDIAhI TYPE W. C.

EUROPEA}I WATER CLOSET

WATER CLOSET WITH FLUSHING SYSTEM

WATER CLOSET WITH OUT FLUSHING.SYSTEM

BATH TUB

PLAIN KITCHEN SINK

KICHEN SINK WITHSINGLE DRAIN BOARD

SFIOWER HEAI)

PEDESTAL LAVATORY BASIN

WALL LAVATORY BASIN

CORNER LAVATORY BA,SIN

w.c. Low DowN

w. c.

.:

I.IRINAL WALL HLTNG

F

6L

URINAL STALL

l.

2.

Main fuse board with out switches,Lighting

Main fuse board with Switches, i

Lighting

Distribution fuse board with switches,

Lighting.

Power Plug

Light Plug

Main Switches, Lighting

Main Switches, Power

Meter

Radio Receiving set

Television Receiving Set

Light Bracket

Batten Lampholder

Water Tight Light Fitting

Flourescent Light (Single)

Flourescent Light (Doubte)

Convection Heater

Electric Unit Heater

Immersion Heater

3.

4.

5..

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

I l.

t2.

13.

14.

r5.

16.

17.

18.

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SYMBOLS AS PER I.S.I PLATE: l-DSymbol SymbolroffiN{-(

tr'D.t@

>+[

H-oOBH

Qwr+f-l

r:1t- I

t-o-l

2t.22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

Thermostat

Humidistat

Bell Push

Bell

Telephone Instrument Point Internal

Telephone Instrument Point Public

Service

Telephone Private Exchange Public

Service

Fire Alarm Push

Bell Connected to Fire Alarm

Amplifier

Control Board

Loudspeaker Outlet

Aerial

Ceiling Fan

Bracket Fan

Exhaust Fan

Pilot or Corridor Lamp

TOH

trflAhW@

Jttr

l_lKY

OA

{

eeHorn or Hooter

Siren

One-way Switch

Two-way Switch

urvil trngtneerrng [Jrawt

1.4 IMPORTANT TERMS IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION :

Building may be constructed with load bearing walls namely load bearing walled structure orwith number of isolated R.C.C. columns connecled laterally by beams. Then the frames are filledwith brick masonry walls namely curtain walls. panel walls and such structures are termed as framedstructure.

Most of the residential building o1' one or two storeys are generally constructed with load

bearings walls.

Load bearing walls receive all dead loads like self weight of walls, roof's and live loads and

finally transmit to the sub-soil. In order to distribute the load on large area and to bring the intensityof load coming on to the sub-soil less than the safe bearing capacity of existing soil, the width ofwall is increased in steps and finally rests on concrete bed. These steps are made in the form offbotings and taken below ground level.

l. Foundation : The portion of the building constructed below the ground level in order to

distribute the structlu'al load over large area is known as fbundation or sub-structure. In case of loadbearing walled structure. the size of rvall is increased by means of footings of stone masonry orbrick masonry arrd finally rests on concrete bed of required size.

2. Footings : The width of load bearing walls is increased in steps by providing equalincrease on either side. These steps are known as footings. The number of footings depends on the

depth of lbundation. The increase in u'idth provided on either side of the wall face is known as

off-set. Depth of foundation is the vertical distance below general ground level upto the bottom ofconcrete bed laid belorv the load bearing wall.

Thus. all the load bearing walls are to be constructed over concrete bed laid directly over the

soil in tlre foundation trench. Such foundations are known as spread foundations.

lndividual masonry pillars are constructed with off - sets on all four sides to provide the

required number of footings. This entire masonry structure rests on ioncrete bed of required size

which distributes the load intensiry on the sub - soil at low magnitude than the safe bearing capacityof the sub - soil. Such foundation is known as isolated footing foundation.

3. Plinth : The portion of the structure between the surrounding ground levet and thesurface of the floor level immediately above the ground is te-imed as plinth. Also the level of the

floor is usually called as plinth level and the built - up area at the floor level is known as plinth area.

Plinth height shall not be less than 450 mm from the sunounding ground level.

Note : In case of spread foundation, the information regarding (i) Depth of foundation, (ii) Width offoundation and (iii) Thickness of foundation concrete bed shall be known.

(i) Depth of Foundation : Depth of foundation is the vertical distance measured from G.L.ti he bottom of C.C bed over which masonry footings are constructed.

According to National Building Code I983, the depth of foundation depends on :

(a) Securing adequate bearing capacity.

(b)Shrinkage and swelling properties in case of clayey soils due to seasotral changes.

- (c)Dcpiii of gi'oun'J waier - iable.

(d) Depth o1'frost penetration in case of fine sand and silts.

The code recommends that all foundations shall extend to a depth at least 500 mm belowmal ground level. On rock, removal of top soil known as overburden may be sufficient.

(ii) Width of Foundation : Width of foundation depends on the safe bearing capacity (S.B.C);oil and load coming on the soil through load bearing wall.

Considering one metre length along the centre line of foundation trench, if W be the totalC coming on the soil, and p be the safe bearing capacity of soil and B is the width of foundationln

W : S.B.C. of soil x Area of foundation per lm length

i.e.W = p x B x I

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a thumb rule, assuming that the load from the wall above ground level will be distributed

at an angle ofspread 450,+ Ha*

ta

Width of foundation B - 2T + 2t

where; T _ Thickness of wall above G, L.

fcourse of footing.

Generally the concrete off - set (0 shall be 150 mm.

bed) from the lower most I 000

Of - Sets for Masonry Footings .' In case of brick masonry, the width of super structure is.ended by means of off - sets to construct the footings. The width of off - set on either side shall be

ral to l/4th length of brick i.e., 50 mm. The depth of such masonry footings shall be made equal to

multiplies of brick thickness (200 mm; 300 mm; 400 mm etc. Since the thickness of each brickill be 100 mm).

for ththe

lntroduction (Chapter-1)

t 'hcase

of stone masonry, the off - sets may be 75 to 100 mm and the height of each course

$ga.sonry in a footing may be 150 to 200 mm'

(iii) Thickness of foundation concrete : The thickness of cement concrete bed below

the masonry wall in spread footing mainly depends on

(a) Type of concrete used (b) The projection of concrete beyond bottonl - most course

of rvall footing. and (c) Upward pressure of the soil below C.C. bed-

As a thumb rule, the thickness of foundation concrete d can be calculated from

5d = . T ; where T = Thickness of wall in super structure.

6

4. Super Structure: The portion of the building constructed above ground level is called

super structure. This includes masonry walls, columns, steps, doors. windows, ventilators, linteis,

sunshades (chajjas), stair case, roof, weatherproofcourse, parapet wall etc.

5. Lintels : Lintels are small beams which are of Reinforced cement concrete in present

consfiuction provided over small openings like door, windows, almairahs etc. Generally 150 mm

thick and width equal to wall width are provided.

The bearing on either side (over the wall) should not be less than 100 mm. More commonly

abearing of 150 mrn willbe provided on either side of an opening.

6. Sun - Shade : Sun-shade is sloping or horizontal R.C.C. cantilever slab provided overopenings on external walls to provide protection from sun and rain.

The projection of sun - shade beyond the external wall when not given should be 100 mm+ Half of the width of the maximum window opening.

7. Balcony : Balcony is a horizontal projection including a handrail or balustrade to serye as

passage or sitting out place.

According to I.S. : 4912; the vertical height of handrail in balconies and verandahs shall be

1000 mm nominal from upper surface of top rail to floor.

8. Porch : Porch or portico or canopy is covered surface supported on pillars or otherwiseGenerally the height from floor tofor the purpose of pedestrian or vehicular approach to a building.

bottom of porch slab shall be 2.1 m.

EXERCISE I 2

(a) Draw tlte cross - section of load bearing wall foundationfollowing specifications: (PLATE 2 A, B and C)

Specfications ;

Depth of foundation

details to a scale of I : 20 with the

:= 150 mlrl thick

- 300 mrn

: 600 mm ; Depth _- 400 mm

-- 500 rnm ; Depth : 300 mm

-_ 400 mm ; Depth - 600 mnl

Width of wall in super structure brick masonry inC.M(l :6) 300mm

Thickness of darnp proof course 20 mm

Flooring = With 25 mm thick polished stone slabs 300 x 300 mm over 100 mm thickC.C ( I : 4 : 8) bed. The remaining depth is filled with curshed stone or gravel or sand:

(b) Draw the cross - section of wall of building provided with R.C.C. slab roofing as givenbelow to a scale I :20.

Depthoffoundation:ll.00mm;widthoffoundatio

Depth of C.C. bed = 300 mm ; width : 800 mm

Depth of first footing with brick masonry : 400 mm ; width = 500 mm

Depth of second footing with brick masonry:400 mm; width = 400 mm

Depth of basement:600 mm; width of wall in basemenr:300 mm

Height of super strutture - (from floor level to bottom of roof) = 3300 mm

Thickness of R.C.C. slab = 120 mm

Boftorn rnost levelling coLlrse with Gravel / sand

Width of C.C. foundation ( l : 4 : 8) - 900 mrn ; Depth

Width of first footing Brick masonry in C.M. ( I : 4)

Width of second footing - do -Width of wall in basement -- do --

Width of parapet wall

Height of parapet

100 mm

650 mm-t

{':7

a Llvll tsngtn9oftng uaawtng-t lunapter-ll,.\?,.\r.\"^ ryv\/'\\.,"'\\","*.\./\".v.v\"/\".v

Coping = 50 mm thick wilh a pojection of 50 mm

Height of door - 2000 mm

Thickness of lintel over door opening = 150 mtrr

Sun-shade = 100 mm lhick at the wall and 70 mm thick at fiEc and Fojecting 900 mrn.

Flooring = Consisb of 15 mm thick tiled flooring over a bed of 100 rntr cement concrete.Tne rcmaining heightin basement shall be filled altd compocted with gravel orsand.

Sleps = Brick masonry steps in c€mcnt mortor (l : 4) .rc conshuct€d over a C. C bed150 mm rhick with an off set 150 mm

Tr€ad or goi[g ofeaoh step = 300 mm

Rise of each step = 150 mm

(c) Draw the cross - section of Isolated square R.C.C. column footing to a scale of I : 20 with thefollowing specifi cations.

Size of the footings = 1000 mm x 1000 mm

Shape of footing Trapeziodal with a vertical depth of 150 mm; each side tapers from200 mm to 1000 mm in a height of 250 mm

looo ------{

FIG. 1

Steel reinforcetnentfor thefooting: 12 mm dia. rods at 150 mm C/C parallel to each sidewith a clear cover 25 mm at bottom and 50 mm at sides.

Size of eolumn:200 mm x 200 mm

Steel reinforcement I = O No. of 16 mm dia. rods)*[Longitudinal reinforcement] JLateral ties : 6 mm dia rods at 200 mm C / C; Side cover to longitudinal reinforcement

: 40 mm clear. Anchorage for longitudinal reinforcement = All the 6 bars of 16 mm dia are takendown and extended in horizontal direction to a length 200 mm beyond the face of the column andtied to the reinforcement of the footing in the form of Dowel bars.

II

lF *] ^^^^^^^^!tlo!99tlol ^ ^lqhip-!q-1-l^ e

PLATE :2_--+WEATHER PROOFCOURSE 20 THICK

l)

,/

-fi--- so

SUPER STRUCTURE

DAMP PROOFCOURSE2O THICK

25 POLISHESTCNE FLOOROVER 100 mn

I

400

coPtNG 5

PARAPET 1OO THICK

WALL INSUPER STRUCTURE

300 THICK

R.C.C. SUNSHADE

DAMP PROOF COURSE50 THICK

II

R.C C. ROOFING120 THICK

DINGc.c ./,.- 6 DlA. TIES AT

200 c/c

PLINTH LEVELT-I

I

I

HT OF PLINTH CRHT OF BASEMENT

I

600

I150

T

THICK R C C

LINTELI

I

I

3300

GRA\/EI. ORSHNO

FILLING

SECTION

16 DlA.

/+ 1000

-_-c

ARDOWEL Bllnd FoorlNG--+

I stFOOTlNG ----r>

c.c.FOUNDATION(1 :4:8)

-+

LEVELLINGcouRsE -'--D

WTH GRAVEL

is rm THTCKTILED FLOORINGOVER C.C. BED

1 00 't-Htc K

+tr-l

I

I

1 000

| ,.300

,rt=

400

-+300

i

SHOWI NG FOUNDATION DETAILS(A)

C.S. OF LOAD BEARING WALLOVER SPREAD FOOTING

(B)

l.

2t

l,rr-l+

ISOI-ATED R.C.C. COLUfuIN FOOTING(c)

200H

10 Civil Engineering Drawing-l (Chapter- 1 )

1.5 BONDS IN BRICKWORK

C LOSER

CLOSER

ONE BRICK WALL

TWO BRICK WALL

PLANS

QUOIN HEADETI.

QUOIN HEADER

QUOIN HEADER

Bond is thc arrangement of bricks by rvhich no continuous joints are formed verrically for

successive coLtrses in a brick wall. To avoid verticaljoints. the overlapping between trvo successive

courses shal.l be f th brick along with ] brick along its breadth.

(i) : Engiisir iiund : Walls of'',,arying thickness ranging liom I brick thick and above,

headers and stretchers are laid in alternate courses i.e., a course will show rvither only headcrs or

only stretchers when seen alternately. A queen closer is placed afler the first header in each header

course so as break the vertical joints in the successive courses. The first header in eaclt header

course is also called a s Quion header.

To draw the plan of'brick rvall in English bond for a corner r.vall, the following points should

be obseryed.

(i) Draw the first header i.e., Quion headel at the conrer of a wall in the header course.

(ii) Next drarv the queen closer throughout the thickness of the rvall.

(iii) Then drarv the headers throughout the front face of the wall.

(iv) For the other side of the corner, draw the stretchers at the front face.

sh

one{x

is oft

r50jposit

on thi.

walliwindi

,

i

in thet3

2.

=T:t(v)

(vi)

If u,all thickness is even multiple of half brick (1, ?. brick u'alls),

shou,s the sarne appearance on both faces. If stretchers appear on

same stretchers wiii appear in a particular course in front lace. sallte

on the back o1'that courses.

a pafticular coLtrse

the front flace, thd

headers will appear

ONE AND A HALF BRICK HALL

openii

2.2 i

:t!i

iIf rvall thickness is odd multiple of half brick i.e., l+,2+ brick wall,

in front face for a particular course, then headers will appear on the

The vice versa will be in the next course, i.8., if headers appear

stretchers will appear on back side.

Note : Queen closer is shown by hatchirtg in the drawing.

if stretchers appear

back of that cours

in front face. th

one orthe d

ve

EII

ndo

eze).

rtical

er attop

,200t:-l

QUEEN

QU EEN

OUEEN

ODD COURSES

EVEN COURSES

0 rnrn

Doors and Windows (Chapter-2) .1

DooRs AND WlNDowsThe joints between panel and frame shall be tongued and grooved joints. Grooves are formed

along the inner edges of the stiles and rails to receive the panels. The depth of the groove shallbe made equal to the thickness of the panel. According to I.S. : 1003, the minimum width andthickness of a panel shall be 100 mm and l5 mm respectively.

. For double leaf shutters. when closed, one leaf overlaps the other vertically as a rebated joint.In order to keep both the shutters in the same plane, rebates 8 to l0 mm wide and in depth equal toi12the thickness of a shutter tbr a square type or l/3 rd the thickness of the shutter for splayedtype are cut as per I.S : 6198.

2.3 DIMENSIONS AND SIZES OF DOOR SHUTTER AS RECOMMENDEDlNl.S:1OO3.

Doors are the means to provide access to the rooms of a building. A door consists of a frame

mdone or iwo shuiters or leaves. Accordingiy tliey arc caiieci as singie shunereci or double

shuttered doors'

2;1 DOOR FRAME :

A door frame consists of two vertical members called styles and two horizontal members

one at top called as top rail and one boftom rail or sill or threshold. Now-a-days the bottom rail

is omitted and made to flush with floor level. The top rail is projected beyond the styles by about

150 mm and these projection are known as homs. These are built into masonry for keeping in

position. Also M.S clamps of flat iron about 300 mm x 50 mm x 6 mm are fixed to the vertical styles

on the outerside known as "l-{old fasts in the shape of letter Z ". These are embeded into the masonry

wallto hold the frame in position. When horns are not specified, it is usual to provide door and

window frames without horns but hold fasts are compulsory.

When bottom member (sill) is not provided, the vertical members (styles) should be inserted

in the floor finish by about 40 mm to 50 mm. Size of the door or window means the size of the

opening (modular).

2.2 SHUTTER :

Shutter for the door frames may be fully panelled or partly glazed and partly panelled withone or two leaves or shutters. In fully panelled shutter, the number of panels may be 3, 4 or 6 as per

the design and other practical consideration. These shutters are made so that they fit exactly into thegrove (recess) made in the frame. Similarly the shutters of window may be fully panelled, partly

anelled and glazed or fully glazed. There may be two or more shutters depending on the width ofindow. The area of each shutter may be divided into a number of panels.

In case of door shutters, the horizontal members are called as rails (top, bottom, lock and

ieze). All other rails fixed between the lock rail and top rail are called frieze rails. The continuousertical members of the door frame called as styles or stiles. These stiles and rails are iointed to each

er at both ends by mortise and tenon joints. The bottom and lock rails are made wider thantop or frieze rails. The centre of the lock rail shall be so placed that its centre line is at a height of

(a) Vertical stile, top and friezerail width = 150 + I 66(b)Lock rail width: 150 + 3 mm

(c) Bottom rail width : 200 + 3 pt(d)Mounting width = 100 + 3 mm

(e) Glazing bar: 40 + I mm

(f) Thickness for all members = 35 + I or 40 + I mm.

Nole .'Now - a - days the door frames and window frames are fixed so that the frames shallwith intemal iace of the wall in all rooms of residential buildings.

2.4 DESIGNATION AND STZES OF DOORS & WINDOWS

As given in A.P. D.S.S. (Andhra Pradesh Detailed Standard Specifications) 1002.3.2.

flush

Types : It shall be indicated by the

D

V _ Ventilator :

T _ Double shutter

R

Width & Depth : tt shall be

following letters of the alphabet.

_ Window

- Single shutter

_ Two panels

a _ Four panels

indicated by the number of modules

S

P

Modular width and height of the door or window frame in case of timber frames is alwaysmm larger than the actual width and height of door or window.mm from the bottom of the shutter. l0

12 Civil Enginoering Drawing-l (Chaptsr-2l

Eramples :

(i): ll DT20 shall mean a frame ofa double shufter door with a width of I I modules and h€ightof20 modules.

they

(ii) :

(iii)

(iv)

(v) :

(vi)

(vii)

When frames of doors and windows are combined with those of windows and ventilators,

shall be designated as below :

6WS l0 / I I DT 20 / 6WS l0 means I I modules wide and 20 modules high double shutter

door frame combined on its both sides, with two single shutter windows (one on either side

of door) 6 modules wide and l0 modules high.

l0 DS 20 means a Door with single shutter with width as l0 modules and 20 modules height.

l5 W Q I 2 means a window with four panels having l5 modules as width and 12 modules as

height.

l0 WT l2 means a window with double shutters having l0 modules as width and 12 modules

as height.

I I WR l5 means a window with three panels having I I modules as width and l5 modules as

height.

l0 V 6 means a.,,entilator having l0 modules as width and 6 modules as height.

EXERCISE I 3

Draw to a suitable scale the Elevation, section and plan of the following door, and windowsas show in plate No. 3 A and 38.

:(a) Door frame..

(b) Fully panelled door.

(c) Fully panelled ivindow.

(d) Hollow core or framed flush door

(e) Fully glazed window.

DOOR FRAME

100 50

FINISHEDFLOOR LEVEL

FRONT VIEW

SECTIONAL PLAN . XX

WIDTH OF SHUTTER (SINGLE) = 930OVERALL WIDTH OF DOOR FRAME;930 + 2 (00 -1 s)

FRONT FLUSHED WITHFRAME FOR AESTHETIC

BEAUTY ANO TO PROVIDEDOOR SHUTTER

SEOTION - BB

FRIEZE RAIL100 x 30

HANGING STILE100 x 30

LOCK RAIL200 x 30

PLATE :3 - AFULLY PANELLED DOOR

H EAD100 * 70

TOP RAIL100 x 30

PANEL-' 2A mm THTCK

-{rooF :llrlf)

:trlllrl

=trlr.E.oooTLoFIIu,I

x,r.u

o

A

AA

A

3oo.J

X

A

HOLDFAST

T = THICKNESSOF SHUTTER

25

t-15 REBATEvME ETING STILE

100 x 30

trru

o()

.__r HTGHER

I DtMENStoN

I stDE ALONG3 I THE rHtcK_- lttEss oF THE

_ I WALL BOTTOM RAIL250 x 30

oLIJF

6o(sLU

U)t I E-t iI

I so IHLOWER DIMET-ISION

SECT|ON - AA

FLOOR LEVEL

SECTION . AA

ALL DIMENSIONS ARE tN mm

STR UCTU RALFLOOR LEVEL

ELEVATION TU RAL

FLOOR LEVEL

EulFF:)IaLLoFrItr,T

SH UTTER

VERTICAL POST60 x 100

-.---Jz o

14 Civil'Engineering Drawing-l (Chapter-2I,

96 l+-12oo l

rt-lrlLJ

lllltltlrli-lLJitL-J

;:IIII

r-IIIt--r-IIIt-_

r-II

I-t-:

IIIf--r-IIIt--

II

rtrtr--ttlrttr--illllllItr--l--'1lftftL--lL--L-.rPir -'l|.--F-rrltlgl1lr--€"iIttl

L-.rL-rttItttttr--F-r1l.lI

1lgl

II

IPLATE :3 - B

FULLY PANELLED WINDOW

LintelHead

95x70

oo(\{

,

II

-fIII

IIII-'iIII

<a

-tIII

jII'l

a

lII

l---tIII

a

-iIII

rI

IILrIIII

oOC\l

AA.

H EAt)70x85TOP RAIL70 x 30

TOP PANEL20 mm THK

Top Rail

38x38

Vertical Ribs25x38At145 C/C

-x

Horizontal Ribs

Style 38 x 38

Bottom Rail38x38

HANGING STILE70 x 30

MEETING STILE70 x 30

POST70 x 85

EOTTOM RAIL70x30 i:t

ELEVATION

S ILL79 x 85

SESTION . BB

ALI DIMENSIONS ARE IN MM

ssI

*

#

Style

Half-Sectional Elevation

1 200

Jectional Plan on XX

95g

3 Ply F+F-{Facing 38 70

x50

lz

Thickness of Shutqer = SO.

All Dimrnsions are in mlo

--+lSection

SECTION . AA

HOLLOW CORE OR FRAMED FLUSH DOOR

bt ''*.^$*v*- ------99*'9nli.""iL9Jgg9u- -Sl.eg's:3 1--'--- *-= -,--

FULLY GLAZED WINDOW SHUTTER

HEAO70x95TO P RAIL85x30

GLASS PANEL

SASH BAR30x30

STILE30x95

POST70r85

rr- -Tl

trql I\

ti

A.4.

Ii

I

t'

I

I

\ \

\ \

\ \l E h

G

BOTTOM RAIL85r30

SILL70x85

I 200

ELEVATIONI

I

I

tst

SECT|ON -'88'

5 3Bo hstltl sao L as

T'l12oo 10 5i

-TT55

sEcnoN - M

'-----..'----., **--.t-.,....----JtTRUSSES

3.2 PRINCIPLE OF CONSTRUCTION :

The centre line of the tie beam and the centre line of the principal rafter meet at a point, andthis poirrt shall pass through the centre line of the supporting wall at both the ends of a tnrss as

shown in fig.3.1. From the tiont view of a roof truss, the depth of the menrber can be secn.

All thc members in a roof truss will carry either direct (axial) compression or tension.

'Iension nremhers

,^\

3.1 KING POST TRUSS :(a) J'ie bearn

Principal rafter

(b) King post.

(b) Strut.A truss is forrned by joining various members to fonn a systetn of triangles. King post truss

is a tinrber truss and used for pitched roofs. These are placed in parallel rows on walls at certainintervals depending on the span.

These trusses are connected at top by a wooden member known as ridge piece. Similarly ontwo sloping sides another wooden member will be joincd nantely purlin. In king post truss onepurlin shall be provided on each side.

Thus the truss is made to have a means of fitting the common rafters and reepers on whichthe roofing rnaterial like tiles or A.C. sheets can be arranged.

C'ompression memhers : (a)

3.3 DRAWING PROCEDURE :

From the given clear span, effective span shall be calculated by knbwing rvidth of supportingwall on either side: clear span + 2 (half of width of supporting wall)

Draw the centre line of the tie beam horizontally for a lenglh equal to effective span.

From the mid point of the horizontal tie beam centre line, erect a perpendicular tocentre line of king post for a length equalto the rise of the truss.

Join both the ends of the tie beam centre line rvith the top of the king post (centre line erectedfronr the centre of the tie beam centre line). These two lines drawn fionr tip of king post andjoined with left and right ends of tie beam indicate principal rafters.

When pitch of the truss is given. this angle is marked at left and right end of tie beam andlthe lines are drawn at this angle. These fwo inclines represent two principal rafters and the,intersection point shall be taken as top of the truss, also knorvn as ridge.

;

5. For drawing the centre line of strut, a point at about 230 to 250 rnm above the centre line ofitie beam shall be marked on the king post centre line. Then the mid points along the sloped ilength of principalrafters both on left side and right side shall be marked. The lines drawnjoining the point marked on the king post and mid points of principal rafters on either siderepresent the centre lines ofstruts.

3.4 OUEEN POST TRUSS :

2..!J. get the :

4.

strut

This type of truss made of wooden numbers is used for larger spans ranging from 9 metresto {4 metres. Instead of single central vertical post in the King port truss, here two verticalposts atequal intervals shall be fitted to the bottom the beam and these are known as Queen posts.

Iine o

shall

fixed

The two principal rafters starting from each end of the tie beam shall extend upio the Quee 'lsposts and will not be continued further as in the case of King post truss. The Queen posts

the alaterally connected by a straining beam at top and straining beam at top and straining sill at botto be fixfor stability. The struts are connected and suitably joined the principal rafter and the Queen posts

shall

RIDGE PIECE

3 UNITS PRINCIPAL RAFTER

_-PURLIN

TIE BEAM

CLEAR SPAN

EFFECTIVE SPAN

KIN GPOST

STRUT

PITCH

230 TO 250 mm

FIG. 3.1 SHOWING THE CENTRELINE OF THE MEMBERS OF KING POST TRUSS usual. Purling and cleats are laid at two places i.e., one at the inter section point between principal

Civil Engineering Drawing-l (Chapter-31

will extend from eaves to the ridge and suitably joined.

The centre line diagram of Queen post truss is shown below for better understanding.

: l. All dimensions are in mm.

2. Dotted lines are drawn extending the centre line of principal rafters to indicate the centra!

rise.

DRAWING PROCEDURE :

l. From the given clear span and wall thickness, draw the supporting walls on either side

and then draw the bed block either cut stone or R.C.C. over these walls to suit the given dimen-

sions. The horizontal length befween centre to centre of supporting walls is known as effective

span.

2. Draw the horizontal tie beam over these bed blocks to suit the depth of tie beam and also

drawthe centre line indicating by dash and dot.

3. Divide the clear span into three equal parts and erect perpendiculars from the centre lineof tie beam which shall represenr the centre lines of Queen posts. The distance is from the inner

face of the wall as clear span is taken into account to draw the Queen posts. The bottorn dimension

of Queen posS is slightly enlarged by about 50 mm to accommodate strut.

4. Then draw the centre line of the supporting wall and let it intersect the centre line of the

tie beam. From the point, draw the centre line of Principal rafter at a pitch of j span upto the Queen

post. It shall be suitablv joined at bottom with tie beam and with Queen post at the other end.

Note: Ifthe centre lines ofboth principal rafters are extended to intersect at centre ofspan, the rise

from centre line of tie beam shall be equal to -j of effective span.

Thus, the principal rafters and Queen posts can be drawn.

5. The struts shall be provided to connect the princifal rafters and Queen posts. For this, thestutbottom edge shall be joined with the Queen post at a height of 250 to 300 mm from the centreline ofthe tie beam.'The strut shall be joined at an angle 30o to the horizontal to the Queen post andshall be extended to have the suitable joint with the principal rafter. Three way M.S. straps shall befixed at the joints (a) where strut joins the principal rafter and (b) where principal rafter and strain-ing beam are connected to the Queen post at its top.

6. Purlins and cleats shall also be provided over the principal rafter at the joints as glven rn

provroeo ar eacn e oI ue Deam so tna common ers snafixed over the wall plate and other two purlins.

' 7. Common rafters, (spars), reepers, ridge piece, eaves board, roofing tiles, ridge tile etc.hall be provided as usual to suit the given dimensions.

EXERCISE I 4

Draw to a scale of I : 20; the front elevation of wooden KING POST TRUSS to suit thefollowing specifi cations.

l. Clear span = 6.0 nr

2. Width of supporting wall= 300 mm

3. Size of cut stone bed block = 400 mm length x 300 mm width x 200 mm depth

4. Rise of roof : l/3 span

5. Sizes of members of the truss :

(a) Tie beam 100 x 200 mm

(b) Kingpost = 150 x 100 mm, with enlarged ends at top & bottom200 x 100 mm

(c) Strut 100 x 100 mm

(d) Principal rafter : 150 x 100 mm

(e) Ridge piece 50 x 150 mm

(f) Purlin 80 x 150 mm

(g) Cleat 200 x 100 x 80 mm

(h) Common rafter : 100 x 50 mm ar450 mm C/C

(i) Wall plate 80 x 150 mm

() Eaves board 20 x 250 mm

(k) Reepers = 50 x lz-at 150 mm C/C.

The other details are shown in plate I3.

and smrt and another at the end of principal rafter where it

the purlins common rafters and reapers are laid to receiveis connected to the Queen post.

roofing material. The common

,:- lr

3.6-J,

J

!II tiI

a-s

Dal

l'rusqsg lchapter3l 17

KING POST TRUSS

RIDGE TILE 250 X 250 25

t'-- s -*l

-T240

T

RIDGE 50 x 150

_-3 WAY MS. STRAP 50 x 6100 x s0 COMMON RAFTERS OR SPARS AT 450 C/C

50 x 12 REAPERS AT t S0 C/C

MANGALORE TILES OVER FLAT TILES 40 THICK

PURLIN 80 X 150

CLEAT 2AO x 1 00 x 80 -

PRINCIPAL RAFTER150 x 100

WALL PIATE8C ( 150

- Rlst + sPAFI

EAVES BOARD20 x 250

BED STONE OR BED BLOCK400x300x200 F*uoCLEAR SPAN 6000

EFFECTIVE SPAN 63OO

STR IJT100 x 100

.S.U. STRAP 50 X 1O

3 WAY M.SSTRAP 50 X 6

ING POST150 x 100

2OO X 1OO TIE BEAM

DETAILS OF JOINT A, B, C, D ON NEXT PAGE ALL DIMENSIONS ARE lN rnm

Civil Engineering Drawing-l (Chapter-3)

EXERCISE . 5

:" Draw to a scale of I : 50; the front elevation of wooden QUEEN POST TRUSS with the

following specifications. The drawing is given in PLATE NO. l3 (b).

l. Clear sPan : 12 m

. 2. Width of supporting wall = 300 mm

3. Size of bed block of cut stone = 500 x 300 x 200 mm depth

4. Rise of roof : + span

5. Sizes of mernbers of Queen post truss :

(a) Tie beam

(b) Queen post : 180 x 150 mm with enlarged ends at bottom

(c) Straining sill : 50 x 150 mm

(d) Straining beam

(e) Strut

(0 Principal rafter

(g) Common rafter or sPars

(h) Ridge piece : 180 x 50 mm

(i) Purlin: 100 x I 80 mm

0) Cleats for purlins and straining beam - 150 x 80 x 200 mm

(k) Wall plate : 80 x 120 mm

(l) Eaves board: 25 x 250 mm

(m) Reepers or bat-tens - 50 x 12 mm at 150 mm ClC.

The other details are shown in the drawing.

Tru sses (C hapte r- 3)

PRINCIPLE RAFTER DETAILS AT THE JOINITS OF KIIYG POST TRTJSS

100 50 COMMON RAFTER

80 x 150 WALL PLATE

150 X 1OO PRIf.ICIPAL RAFTER

100 x 50 COMMON RAFTER_a_

\\-- 2oo x 1oo TtE

50 X 10 M. S STIRRUP

50 X 150 RIDGE

150 X 1OO KING POST

80 x 150

150 x 100 PRtNctPAL

COMMON RAFIER-1

X 80 CLEAT

DETAIL AT 'B'

B EAM

DETAIL AT 'A'

POST

3 WAY M. S. STRAP 50 x 6

STR IJT

100 x 100 STRUT

200 x 100 TtE BEAM

10 THTCK tyt.S. STRAP

DETAIL AT 'C'

DETAIL AT 'D'M. S. STRAP

lOO X 50 COMMON RAFTER

60 X 150 WALL PLATE

150 X 1OO PRINCIPAL RAFTER

100 x 50 COMMON RAFTER-+_

PRINCIPLE RAFTER

50 x 10

DETAIL AT'A'

2OO X l OO TIE BEAM

STIRRUP

50 X 150 RIDGE


QUEEN POST TRUSS

80 x 150 PURLTN

150 l OO PRINCIPAL

COMMON RAFTER--

2OO X 2OO X 80 CLEAT

DETAIL AT'B'

x .00 STRUT

100 x 100 STRUT

zaA x 100 TtE BEAM

3 WAY M. S. STRAP 50 x o

noo

\b

100a

l OO KING

1O THiCK M.S.

DETAIL AT 'D'M. S. STRAb

Planning and Arrangem€nt Rooms in Residential Building as Per Standards of Building Bye-Laws (Chapto.-4} l,fut\

PLANNING AN D ARRANGEMENTROOMS IN RESIDENTIALBUILDING AS PER STANDARDSOF BUILDING BYE-LAWS

Plot sizes, frontages, covered areas and set backs as per building bye-laws laidby NBC and standards for various rooms in residential buildings to be followed aregiven in brief as detailed below. These are only guide lines. Rules and regulations laiddown by concerned municipal authorities are to be followed. Rooms in a residentialbuilding like drawing or living room, Bed room, Gurest room, Kitchen, Dining roomostore room, puja or prayer room, bath and toilet (w.c), verandahs and corridors shouldbe arranged according to their functional requirements. For maximum untility a flowdiagram may be drawn in the initial planning stage indicating the relative positions.

Minimum PIot Size and Building Frontage

Different types of Residential Buildings, plot sizes and their frontageType of residential build ing Plot s ize in m2 Frontage in m

Detached building above 250 above l-Semi detached build ing t25 250 8t2Row type building s0 125 4.5 8

Note : Minimumbe 5.5 m

Minimum Front Open Space fio be ProvidedWidth of street in front

of plot in m

Front open spaceminimum in m

Up to 7.5 1.5*

7.5 to 18 3.0

18 to 30 4.5

above 30 6.0* For building up to a maximum height of 7m incase building is having street on

2 or more than 2 sides the average width of front space should be 3m and atno where less than 1.80 no.

;

frontage is 6m on any street. For row housing scheme frontage may-

No construction work of a building shall be undertaken with in 7.5m fromcentre line of the street.

Permissible Plinth Area (or covered area) in Residential Plots

Less than 200 m2 66 213% of plot area on the grounci anci firsi floor

Minimum Rear open space to be provided (Buildings upto l0m Height)

Plots having depth 9m and height 7m 1.5 m rear space is enough.+ Location of gareges have exemptions subject to certain conditions. For details

refer to bye-lows.

Minimum side open space to be provided (Buildings upto l0m height)

Detached building 3m on both sides

Semi detached building 3m on one side only

Total covered area of all floorsFloor area ratio (FAR)

plot area

to 2 depending on type of construction.Floor area ratio (F.A.R) - I

Average width

Back to back site

Max. height of building(not covered by FAR)

Minimum depth offoundation

- (l .5 x width of road abuting),+front open space

0.75 to 1.0 m for single storeyed building

- 1.0 m to l.3m for double storeyed building: minimum 0.3m general value A.45m for garages

max.

Sl.no Area of plot Ma x. pe rm iss i b le cove red a rea

2. 201 to 500 m2 50 % of the plot area or 133 m2 which ever is more.

3. 501 to 1000 m2 40% of the plot area or 250 m2 which ever is more.

4. More than 1000 m2 n!"1" of the plot area or 400 m2 which ever is more.

Plinth height 0. l5

Civil Engineering Drawing-l (Chapter-41

Standards Specified by Building Bye-Laws (as Per NBC) for rooms in Residential BuildingsF-

,Sl.No'tll

Description of room Minimuma rea

Minimum size of side (width)and area

Lighting and ventilationof rooms, rvindow openings

Height Remarks

7,I

2.

3

4

5

Habitable rooms

i. Bed room

ii. Living room

iii. Drawing room

iv. Dining roomv. Study room

K itchen

K itchen-c um-store

K itc hen rv ithsto re

seperate

iii. Kitchen-cum-dining

Store room

Bathrooms and waterclosets.

Garage

9.5.,

tn-

5.5)

m-

4.5

9.5

3m2

)m-

)m-

1.8 m2 for bath

ro om

l.l m2 for w.c

12.5 m2

Minimum width 2.4m

nLlmber of rooms is 2

w here the

one roon-r

9.5 rn 2 andshal I not be less than

and the other not less than 7.5m2

with a minimum width of 2.4m.

M inimum width I .8

Minimum width 1.8

Minimum width 2.4

For combined bath roomclosed minirnum area.Shall not be less than 2.8minimum width of 1.2 m

and water

mlwith a

Shall not be less than I th

cf't0

floor area for dry hot climate., tlr1 of the floor area for wet6

.thhot climate I of floor area for

8

interrned iate c I i mate.

Increase the above values by25%.

Window area not less than l0%of floor area.

Ventilation ducts t30 cm2 areafor each m2 of floor area. MinJOO cm2 least dimensionis+n- -

Shal! not bc less

than 2.75rtt

2.4

2.6 m

Shall notthan 2.7 5

be Iessm.

Shall not be less

that 2.2 m

Shall not be less

than 2.2 m

Shall not be less

than 2.4 m

II^:-Lr -- ! -r---nelgnr Illeasureo Ir()nl

floor level to the lorvest

point of cieling.

Incase rooms are air-

cond itio ned.

For row housingscheme.

Height measured fronrfloor level to the lowestpoint of cieling.

Planning and Arrangelgn!

' :.

Rooms in Residential Building

"tl.No.

6. Stair-case

Other details

i. P linth height

ii. Depth of foundation

RemarksHeigh tLighting and ventilationof rooms' window open ings

Minimum size of side (width)and area

Minimumarea

Description of room

I m2 per floor height. Rise 17 5 mm to I 85

mm Tread 250 mm

slope max.40o min?Oa heaci room shaiinot be less than2.2 m.

450mm General valueI 5 Omm for Garages.

For I storeyed building

For 2 storeyed building

more than 300m

0.7 5m to I .Orn

below finishedG.L.

l.0m to l.3mbe low fi nishedG.L

C

Drawir

B,

M

Bedro o

Be

Lii

Livin

L

B

o

en :

Best location

Minimum floor

Recommended sizes for Rooms in

are a

Eastern or N. E corner

5 m2 with min.width_ 2.1 rn or 2.5rn 7.5 m2 forkitchen -cum- d ining 5.5 rn2 f or kitchen -cum- storecooking plat form L-or-U shape and min width 0.40rn-0.60m he ight A .l5 m-0.8 6 above F . L.

l5% of floor area by way of windows and ventilators.One window towards north and another window towardseast preferable.

Glazed tiles min. upto 0.45m above platform ievei.

SE-S-SW-W

l5m2 20mz (But 20m2 40m2 is preferable) withlength to width ratio | .2: I To I .5: I .

Window area * lT%of floor area (But 20% is preferable).Size of door * 2.A x I .0m and window * 1.2 nt xl .0m Two windows one fac ing north and anothertt-r warci s east are ci e s ira b Ie .

l5m2 with a min. width of 3rn normal size 4.0m x3 .0m for 6 persons_.

Similar to drawing or living room.

SE S SW

Nearness and connectivity to kitchen is essential. Storageshelves with min depth of 0.35rn are to be provided.

Civil Engineering Drawing-l (Chapter-4Il

Residential Building (Sizes Normally Adopted in Modern Trend by

Lighting and ventilation :

Middle Class Housing Schemes)

Windorv area * l0% of floor area. Door is to belocated at corner in long wall preferably.

Windows in long walls. Cupboards are to be provided.

: l0m2 - l2mz in direction of wind. Cupboards/Shelvesare to be provided.

: Near to front verandah sl'relves/cupboards are to be-provided.

: N.E Corner connectivity with drawing room/diningroom may be provided.

: 2m x 3m or 2m x 2.5 m.

: Good ventilation and isolation of room.

Nearer to kitchen

8mt (t 5m2 to 20m2 when store is attached to kitcheni.e., kitchen-cum-store.

Racks/closed cup bords are to be provided.

South and West

I.5 m (width more than 4m is uneconomical) Heightof roof over verandah can be 2.1 m above F.L.

One of the walls of toilet shall expGSe to outside andin which a window is to be placed.

Bath room width * l.2m length * l.8m min height2.7m. Min floor area _ l.8m'. Water closet : Width{ 0.9m and min length * 1.2m.

Combined bath and W.C .' floor area * 2.8m2 with a

min width of l.2m

Lighting and venti lation

Other requirements

Drawing or living room:

Best location

,' Minimum floor area

Lighting and ventilat ion

Living-dining room:

Minimurn floor area

Lighting and ventilation

Best Location

Other requirements

Bedroom :

Minimum floor area

Other requirentents(\r IDru(Iy r0()m :

Mininrum area

Office room:Best location

Pooja room :

Best locatiorr

lvl in im um area

Other requirements

Sto re :

B est location

Minimum floor area

Other requirements

Verandah:Best location

Minimum width

Bath and W.C :

Location

Minimum floor area

factor.

l0m2 with min width of 3m. 4m x 3m or 5m x 4m isgeneral size. Rectangular shape is preferable.

Lighting and ventilation

Other requirements

Stair Case : (Residential

Rise and Tread

Garage

bath room l.0m (min) above FL in W.C is to be Pro-

Planning and ArrangelngntryT(Chaprer-4l,

: 0.5 x 0.30m ventilator is to be provided at l.8m above

FL. Min size of door 0.7m x l"l5m is to be pro-

uiaro- (Min r0% of floor area to be provided).

: Glai,ted tiies to a nelgnt oi i'rm a.6l .allllrr, (L

vided.

buitding) :

: Max rise 0. l9m min Tread 0.25m. Pitch

200 - 400. Min head room 2.2m. Max number

in a flight f 15 and min number * 3 Nos'

: width * 2.5m to 3m and length * 5rn to 6m'

height * 2. I m clear opening at entrance *Rotting shutter preferable for Garage'

of stairof steps

C ieling2.2 m.

':Plot ,

altn st

100 ,

uptr200

abovt200 an

upto 3 (

ab-ove 3 r

and upt400

above 40and dpto

500

above 500and upto

750

-..'..

* (ePPlicable

- Civil Engineering Drawing-l (Chaptsr-4)-'-r--r--*--- --v--..,,v-- ------!-w---'--*-r-----------,--- _ ___rMINIMUM SETBACKSAND HEIGHT STIPULATIONS FORALLTYPES OF NON-HIGH RISE BUILDINGS

to Municipal corporttioo of Hydcrrbrd rrer' rest of Hyderrbad Urbrn d-ovelopment .utbority rre!, Hydarabrd Airport development ruthority &rer,Cyber.b.d dev€lopment ruthority.rerr Buddbr purrima project ruthority.res)FoR ExlsrrNc AREAs/NEw DEvELopMENT AREAs / LAyour AREAS tNcLUDING spEcIFrED AREAs.

Plot Size

in sq. mPa rkin g

p rovis io n

Building line or minimum Frontseiback in mrs

Ma x. heigh t 1 A b u ting road wid th

Minimum setbacksother side in mts

Remarks

12.2mto

less th a n

18m

Lessthan

'12.2 m ts

Othersides

100 &uPto200

above20A and

upto 3 00

a6-ove 3 0 0

and upto400

above 400and upto

500

bove 5 00

stilt floorallowed

stilt floorallowed

stilt + cellar

l. Still parking floor permissible isexclusive of height of building upto l5mHeight of stilt floor shall no exceed2.5m.

2. cellars where permissible are excludedfrom heighr of building.

Note : For other 3 ones of Hyderabad areaetc., such as old citylcongested areas asnotified by Govt. the stupulations for setbacks and heights etc are to referred toG.O.MS No. 86. Dt. 3.3.2006.

For other municipal corporations/muni-cipal areas in the state the building bye-lawlaid down by the concerned authoritiesare to be followed to provide setbacks andheights of buildings.

and upto750

allowed

Planning and Arrangement Rooms in Residential Building as Per Standards of Building Bye.Laws (Chapter-4) 27

Plot S izein sq. rr

Pa rkin g

provisionMax.heightuf B+ildi*g

permissible inmts

Building line or minimum Frontsetback in mts

Minimum setbacksother side in mts

RemarksAbuting road width

Lessthan

12.2 m ts

12.2mto

less than18m

l8mto

less th a n

30 mts

30mand

a bove

Rea rside

Oihersides

above 750 | stilt + 2and upto I ce llars

ls00 I tllowed

above 1500 1 stilt + 2 orand I more cellars

upto 2500 I .llowed

above 2500 1 stilt + 2 or

I more cellarsI allowed

l5

Below I 8

Below

3.0

3.0

3.0

4.5

4.5

4.s

6.0

6.0

6.0

9.0

9.0

9.0

6.0

6.0

1.0

6.0

6.0

7.4


BUILDING DRAWINGS AND

THEIR DEVELOPMENTThe detailed drawings of a h'-rilding (rnay !-.e resiclentia!, p'.rblic builcling like schools,

colleges, hostels. offices, hospitals, factory buildings. buildings meanl for business) sltall inclLrde.

(a) Plan (b) Section along given vertical plane and (c) Elevation.

(a)plan : Plan of a building represents a horizontal section of building al given height seen

from top. For buildings, it is a general convention to imagine that the building has been cut down by

ahorizontal plane at the sill tevel of the rvindows and is seen front the top after retnoval of the so cLrt

part.

Thus plan of a building means the details that carr be seen which are belorv the window sill

level. This plan shows the arrangement of rooms, verandah or corridor, position of doors and

windows and othgr openings along with their respective sizes. AII horizontal dimensions like size ofeach room and these dimensions of rooms are indicated as Breadth x [,ength.

Note:l- Ipcaseofverandahs,thegivendimentionisuptotheendofverandahretainingwall.

2. The position of beams, sunshades, portico, ventilators which are above the sill level ofwindows are shown with dotted or broken lines- Refer Fig. 5'2'

3. Line diagram : Line diagram is a sketch generally not drawn to a particular scale also

known as line sketch. The relative positions of all the elements like living / Drawing, Bed room,

Guest room, Kitchen, Dining, Toilets, verandahs, position of doors, windows, openings etc., are

clearly shown with their sizes or dimensions

The dimensions shown in a line diagram are inside to inside dimensions. From the given

specifrcations, the thickness of walls in super structure shall be taken to draw the fully dimensioned

plan to a convenient scale.

, Devblopment of Plan :

The plan should be drawn at the bottom portiop on left side of the drawing sheet. To start

with, extreme left hand corner of the building should be taken and theJhickness of rvalls, length ofwalls along length wise (vertically upward lines) and breadth wise (horizontally from the corner)

(b) Section : Section means vertical section. It is imagined that a finished building is cutvertically along a line so that the building is separated into two portions along the imagined vefticalplane right fiom top of the building to the lowest part of the foundation. "I'he view that can be seen

while travelling along this inraginary vertical plane when looking towards left is drawn to the same

scale as that adopted lor the plan arrd this vierv is callecl as sectional elevation, cross - section orsimply section.

Thus it is necessary to drarv a line on the plan to indicate the sectional line. Then the buildingis imagined as cut into two portions along this line vertically. These section lines are named as

A - B or x - x. If it is indicated by A B, it means the view shall be drawn while travelling fromA to B and looking towards left of the line. When the sectional line is named as x - x ; then anowheads shall be marked to indicate the way in which the sectional view is to be drawn. In some cases

an off-set is given to indicate the necessary details, but the off set in only to shift the vertical plane

froni one iiosition io another position (as shown below).

"1

I

l

^J

AT

'L

1--[

It

t

_l -J

.J.a II

I

Br.J,ia

^J Bc = oFF sEr

AB AND CD = VERTICAL SECTION

FlG 5.1

The necessity of the section is to indicate all vertical dimensions like, details of foundationviz; width and depth of C.C bed; masonry footings, basement, details of flooring, thickness offlooring, sub floor, sand or gravel depth in the basement, height ofsuper structure, sizes ofdoors,windows, almairahs, cupboards, other openings, thickness of roofing,.width and depth of parapet

wall, lintels, sunshades, portico and such other details. AII these details are very much required toworkout the quantities of all items of works and to execute the process of construction. Refer.Fis. 5.2.

ng cross - walls to snow

tlre position of the elements, and to locate the position of doors, windows, etc.

Finally, the dimensions are shown in each room, width of wall etc., and plan can be obtained

accurate and sharp pencil lines.

Development of section :

The sectional view is drarvn on the top right side of drawing sheet.

foundation details will be above the boundaries of the plan.It is to be seen that the

Building Drawings and Their Development (Chapter-5) 29

The view shall be started from starting point of the section line and the horizontal dimensionsalong the section are represented in sequence in developing the sectional elevation.

Accordingly, thc section of walls from bottom to top, position of doors or windows thatare vier.r,ed shall be drarvn. From the given specifications, the foundation details, flooring detaitsroofing details are neatly drawn anci strch iriformaiion is tc be menticned in the section. Butthe different rnaterials used in the construction shall be indicated by drawing the respectiveconventional signs.

(c) Elevation : Elevation is the outward view of a completed building along any side of thebuilding. When a building is seen by standing in front of it, the view that can be viewed is known as

front elevation. Similarly, building can be viewed from back side (rear elevation) or from any sideof it which is known as side elevation.

Development :

Cenerally, the students during the second year study are expected to draw the front elevation.ln such case, the elevation is obtained by projecting the details from the plan vertically upwards andsimilarly projecting the details from section horizontally towards left side. The inter section of theseprojections from plan and section helps to draw the elevation. Hence the front elevation shall be

exactly above the top of plan and is accommodated in the top left side of the drawing sheet.

The first projection line shall be from plinth off set (if provided in the plan). The projectionsfrom sunshades, super structure walls, and to end points for doors, windows shall be made bothfrom plan and section to show the detailed drawing.

The rnethod of obtaining plan, section and Elevation of a single roomed house is illustrated infigure 5.2.

k

!|j,1llll

llIttlrl

TO GET PLANHORIZONTALsEciloN lsTAKEN JUSTABOVE THESILL OF THEwTNDOW

SIDE VIEW

SECTION - CDILAN, ELEVATIONS AND SECTIONS.

t rlw

METHOD OF OETAINING PLAN

G.L = GROUND LEVEL.P.L = PLINTH LEVEL

D 3 DOO8

!! = WtilOOt{gEciloN - AB_

.////?

,.?,/'/./

METHOD OF OBTAINING PORTION

TO GIVE MAXIMUMCONSTRUCTUION DETA

,Lithick hav

FRONT VIEW

ISOMETRIC VIEW OF A BUILDING

WINDOW OPENING

P.L.

FRONT ELEVATION

1t?

FtG.5.2

.Ctuil Engiq"gring Drawing-l (Chapter-5)

EXERCISE - 6

i:' The line diagram

alongA-A and (c) Front

plate No' 4)'i' i rl )--L: -- -- - - a ll rl- lt , I I l rl. rounuAtlurls: F\rr r.ne waus are IiIKen to a oeprtt

founded on C.C bed 700 mm wide ; 300 mm thick.

The brick masonry footing over c.c bed is 400 mm wide with equal offsets on either side

I(700 - +OO) 1: 150 mm and depth of footing is 600 mm.

2. Basement : The height of basement is 450 ** uni width of wall is 300 mm. Steps are

provided both on front side and rear side over a C.C bed 150 mm thick with an off set 150 mm onallthree sides. Tread and rise of step are 300 mm and 150 mm.

3. Flooring : Flooring consists of 20 mrn thick C.M. (l : ) plater over a bed of cementconcrete (l :4 :8) 100 mm thick. The remaining part of the basement is filled and compactedwith sand.

4. Super structure and roofing : All the walls are taken to a height of 3200 mm and are

200 mm thick.

Roofing consists of R.C.C. slab roofing 120 mm thick and projected by 200 mm beyond theouter face of walls.

The roof slab is provided with weather proof course 15 mm thick.

Sun-shades : Continuous sun-shade is provided on front side of the-building. Thickness ofsun-shade at the wall end is 75 mm and at the free end, thickness is 50 mm.

Isolated sun-shades are provided over windows and external doors extending from the,R.C.C.lintels kept ever such openings on c6*tcr three sides.

In the above two cases, sunshades are projected 600 mm from the face of walls.

Lintels : R.C.C. lintels on all openings like doors, windows and cup boards are 150 mm

shows one bed room residential building. Draw the (a) pran (b) Sectionelevation to a scale of I : 50 to suit the following specifications : (Refer

oi 900 nln beiow gl'ound level ancl

D,=l0DS20

4=9DS ltl{ =. l0 WT 12

BED ROOM3000 x 3600

LIVING4200 x 3600

DIAGRAM

Doors; windows & cupboards : These are to be provided as per the schedule indicated in the

Building Drawings and Their Development (Chapter-5)'i'1

PLATE No. 4

ELEVATION

I

+I

I

360

I

I

2000

r- --llWl r;--l FLOORING CONSISTS OF

20 mm THICK C.M (1.1) OvER1o0 mm C.C. BEO (1.4.8)

SECTION AT . AA

Schedule of doors and windows -'

CB : CUP BOARD 1200 x 1500

cerner

footinl

and 40

;

!

thick slj

iand a|l i

I

thick frdiI

Ai

4.i

depth is t

i

:

I

Sd

50200

- -'fI

^r IwiI

-200=i=o

projectin

of front

brick piilbeam, thebearn and

3300 rnrn i

7.R

I

I

W300300300

NOTE : All dimensions are in

rlo1 -f-r50 150ZTsot t

SpecificationsModular size (mm)Numberingnesignation

FULLYPANELLED DOOR

FULLYPANELLED DOOR

EULLY PANELLED

1000 x 2000

900 x I 800

1000 x 1200

WINDOW

10 D S 20

9 D S 18

10wTt2

3000 x 3600

BED ROOM42OO x 3600

HALL

l-1 00J

ONE BED ROOM RESIDENwith

Civil Engineering Drawing-l (C*hapter-5)

EXERCISE . 7With the given line sketch in Exercise - 7 and following specifications of a building, draw to

ale of l: 50 the following views. (Plate No. 5)

(a) Fully cjimensioned plan (b) section on ABCD and

(c) Froni eievation.

Specifications :

1. Foundations: The depth of foundation shall be 1000 mm below ground level. The plain

cement concrete (l : 4 : 8) bed in the foundation will be 800 mm wide and 200 mm deep. The

footings shall be of brick masonry in C.M (l : a). Width of first and second footings wilt be 500 mm

and 400 mm respectively. rvhereas the depth of both the footings will be 400 mm.

2. Plinth or basement : The height of basement is 600 mm. Damp proof course of 50 mmthick shall be provided under the superstructure rvalls. Thickness of walls in basement is 300 mm.

3. Superstructure : The walls in the superstructure will be of brick masonry in C.M. (l :6)and all the walls except the partition betrveen toilets are 200 mm thick. The partition wall is 100 rnm

thick from floor.

A square brick pillar 200 x 200 mm is provided at the left corner in front verandah.

4. Lintels and sun-shades : Lintels with R.C.C. (l :2:4) are provided on allopenings anddepth is 150 rnm with a bearing of 150 mm on either side.

Sun-shades 100 mm thick at the wall face and 75 mm thick at free end are providedprojecting from lintels over all exterior openings. A continuous sun shade is provided both sidesof front verandah. All the sun-shades shall project 600 mm from the face of the wall.

5. Verandah : In front verandah R.C.C. bressummer beam 200 x250 mm is laid over thebrick pillar' the bottom of the beam being at 2100 mm from floor level. Frop the bottom of thebeam, the sun-shade projects on both sides to a length of 600 mm. The remaining height above thebeam and roof consists brick masonry wall (entablature wall) in C.M. (l : 6).

6. Height of superstructure : The walls in the superstructuie are taken to a height of

8. Flooring : Flooring shall be of polished shahabed srone slab 25 mm thick over g0 rnmthick cement concrete ( I : 3 : 6) over sand filling in the basement.

9. Parapet: Parapet 100 mm thick and 700 rnm height with brick masonryshall be constructed all round the building. A coping of 150 x 50 mrn thick shall bethe parapet.

The dimensions givcn in line cliagram arc intei-nal dinicnsioiis ai-r,i wi,jiir uiveranciah isend of verandah retaining rvall.

10. Steps: Steps are provided in front side and rear side of length 1200 mm. The width oftread : 300 rnm and rise of step : I 50 mm. These are founded over 150 mm C.C bed with 100 mmoff-set on all sides.

Schedule of doors and windows :

Designation Numbers Specification

Flushed door

in C.M. (l :4)provided over

upro

-do-C lazed

-do-Glazed

F!ushed

window

ventilator

shutters_"^

-:'_:___J

V

V

TOILET2000 r 160O

TOILET2000 r 1500

:, o'l

DINING w2lo"wl

8ED ROOM3500 r 3900

c.B

LIVING1500 x 4500

7. Roofing : Roofing consists of R.C.C. ( I ; 2 : 4) slab

rse with two courses of flat tiles in C.M. ( I : 4) 50 mm thickI l0 mm thick and weather proofis laid over R.C.C. slab.

wl

IA --'r;

FIG. LINE DIAGRAM

t0 DS 2l

9DS20

12 wT r5

I0 wT t5

l0 v 6

12CR T I5

Dr 4 No.

Dz 3 No.

Wr 4 No.

W 12 No.

Vr 2 No.

Cup board

Modular size in nlm

1000 x 2100

900 x 2000

nAA x 1500

1000 x 1500

I 000 x 600

nA} x 1500

KITCHEN3000 r 3200

wl

1t0 R.c.c. slJB covEREDPLATE No. S

ROOFING WITHwlTH 50

'- 150 x 50 COPII{G

l OO THICK PARAPET WALL

200

2OO x 250R.C.C. BEAti'-

sool*-

200 x 200BRICK PILLAR

50 THICKD.P.C --1--

ELEVATIONo

150 rHrcKC.C. BED 25 THICK SHAHABD

STONE ST.AB FLOORING

tt00

400-{zoot-!

200OVER 80 THICK C.C. BED

l+-1

l-w-l :Iso SECTIONALONGAB CD200r-

IvlvL-r- -.! 3200

IV *r. IL --J IJ

600 200

-T-1,, I

800-?!- -lwiIt- --

*'i-J

4500

r-

BRICKPILLAR

2OO x 2OAI

t_ L-{'-.i

--

ALL WALLS ARE 2OANote : All dimensions are in mm.

RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

[,- aoo -{

D.TOILET Z ozRLU(')

5XFO

"3(?

2000 x 1 600

DININGTOILET

2000 x 1 500

BED ROOM3500 x 3000 LIVING

4500 x 4500

1s00 wlDEVERANDAH

SCHEDULE OF DOORS, WINDOWS ETC.

Designation Numbers Modularsize in mm

Specifications

l0 DS 2l

9DS20

12 wT 15

l0 wT 15

l0v612 CBT I5

Dl

Dz _ 3No

wt

W2 : 2No

V : 2No

C.B. : 2 No

1000 x2100

900 x 2000

1200 x 1500

1000 x 1500

I 000 x 600

1200 x 1500

Flushed Door

Flushed Door

Glazed window

-do--Glazed ventilator

Cup board withflushed shutters.

-t

PLANTHICK IN SUPERSTRUCTURE

Building Drawings and Their Development (Chapter-S) 33

rest

foo

equalj'l

),

i

and td

heigh

150 rn

fhickn

wall s

fve

ciyil Engiqegrine Drawing-t (chapter-51F

-

f @u=9 ,,o""rin:"l::::;'#'"hj1;:ilH:ffi"th:i fovidedinftonrsideofbuirdins.ndonrishtEXERCISE I 8

f€cilic.tions draw the following views 10. scal€ of I : 50-

(a) Fully dimensional derailed plan 8' Prrap't w'll : Brick masonry panpct wallin c.M (l : 6) is of 100 mm thickand 700 mrnheight. A coping with 50 mm projection is proyided at lhe top ofthe parap€t wall.

(b) section along A - A and 9. Flooring : Flooring consists of Mosaic tiled floodng over 100 mm thick c.c bed(c) Front elevation (Refer Plare No. 6) and (l :4:g).

(d) site plan to a scale of I : 100 The remaining depth ofbasernent is filled with sand and gravel and thoroughly comp.cted.sp€cifications :

10. Doors & windorrs : Doors, windows, ventilators and cupboards shall be provided as p€rl. Found{tion: AII lhe main walls are taken !o a depq of 1000 nm below ground leveland lhe schedul€ given.Est on C.C. ( I : 4 : 8) bed 800 mm wide and 300 mm deep. The r€maining portion consists of twofootings 5oo mm and 400 mm wide and at€ 4oo mm and 300 mm deep. The footing are of brick sitcpl'n.: The FoPosed building is to be constucted in plot no. 12 with east facing having

mrsonry in C.M. (l : 4). an aPproach to I0 m wide toad in vidya nagar 3td line. The compound wall all round the plot is

2. Brsemenr:Arrthewarsare3o0mmwideandrheheishtorbasementis600mmabove iltffiJn[|#:r[1"1"$Hfff$ffiilffiffJilT ii;i,l#liTi']l,Igarcral G'L'

Rear side - 3.0 m Northem side = 3.5 m Southem side = 2.5 m. Boundaries of the site = l0 m wide3. Steps : Steps of | 200 mm wid€ are provided wiih brick masonry in C.M. (l : 6) on both road on Westren side; plot no. 13onSouthemside;plotnollonNo.thernsideandplotno. lgon

tont and rcar side and rest on C.C bed ( I : 4 : 8) 150 mm thick and having offset on the three sides Eastern side.

qlnlto 100 mm. Tread ofeach step = 300 mm & ris€ = 150 mm.

4. SupeKtructure : All the walls are 200 mm thick excepl two partition walls between beda[d toilet and dining & toilet which are consfucted on the floor with a thickness of 100 rnm. ThelFight of walls is 3300 mm to the bottom of R.C.C. roof slab.

5. Lintels & sun-shrdes : R.C.C. (l : 2 :4) lintels are providej on all openings with150 mm thickness and same I 50 mm bearing ort either side of openi[g.

R.C.C sunshades are provided on all exterior doors, windows rind ventilators with 90 mmtlickness at wall face and 75 mm thickness at free end. The projedion ofsun-shades bgyond {he _

wall surface is 700 mm.

6. Front verandah : Front verandah is 1200 mm wide and a souare brick oillar 200 x200 mm is provided on right side comer. A R.C.C. beam 200 x 250 mm is provided on both sidesof verandah resting on brick pillar, the height being 2100 mm from floor level to the bottom ofR.C.C. beam. The remaining portion between top of beam and bottom of R.C.C. slab is of brickmasonry in C.M. (l : 6).

. Building D.awings and Their Development lchapter-s) 35

A SCHEDULE OF DOORS, WINDOWS, VENTILATORS AND CUP BOARDS.'T1[- r obo-'l N umbering Modular size

in mmSpecifications

PUJA

I 800 x 3400

DININGKITCHEN

2800 x 3400

LIVING4800 x 4200

w2

12OO WIDE VERANDAH

l0 D'r 2l

r0 DS 2l

9 DS 18

ls wQ t2

l0 wT t2

15 CBT 18

r0 v 6TOILET

1800 x 1800

D2

BED ROOM4000 x 30.00

209 xBRICK

200PILLAR

b rooo {A1,J

FIG. LINE DIAGRAM

Designation

Dr :- 2No

D2 =- 3No

Wr - lNo

W2 _ 7No

C.B : 2No

V - 3No

t000 x 2100-:-Ln_^_ .i dr rr7f -

-I UUU ..\ Z IUU

900 x I 800

1500 x 1200

1000 x t200

1500 x 1800

I 000 x 600

Fully panelled

dTe''or

Flushed door

Glazed window

Glazed window

Flushed shutters

Glazed ventilator.

Civil Engineering Drawing-l (Cliapter-51

,2

c)oqCl')

xooo

fo-

ELEVATION

300

388 l-w;t

200 x 250R.C.C BEAM

R.C.C BEAM200 x 250

BRICK PILLER200 x 2AA

roo f*-

600

300400300

SECTION LONG - AA

PLATE No. 6

COMPOUNDWALL

PARAPET 1OO MM THICK R.C.C SLAB 120 mm THICK

SAND FILLING

MOSAIC TILED FLOORINGOVER lOO THICK C.C BED

3500

tt:-1/-I

rl.i.vL

BED ROOM4000 x 3600

DINING ROOM

Fr

KITCHEN2800 x 3400

6, ?olEI*-{-+ sIw200 -r

oo@F

ooFcoLIJ r-JXOor- C)' @+

'-1

W;

_l

Iw2

I

-J

200

200 -{

Iw2IL-

r-'l'L-

oa(ocf)

LIVING4600

ROOMx 42OO

w2

PLAr No.@ 93 00PLor No. @

PLOT NO; @

1 200 wtDE'VERANDAH

W,I

- - -4000

30

400

oo3(f)

PLOT NO. 19

I10 m WIDE ROAD

VIDYA NAGAR 3Td LINE50

t-

200 204RESIDENTIAL BUILI}ING

Building Drawings and Their Development lchapt€r-s| 37/

EXERCISE - 9

Frortr the given line diagranr of'aalong ABCID and liont elevation. Drarvrions : (Reler plate No. lj

Specifications :

l. Foundations : Allthe rnain walls 200 mrtt thick in superstructure are taken to a depth of900 mm. The bonom C.C bed (l : 4 : 8) is 850 mm wide and 300 rnm deep. The rernaining depth of600 mm is of stone masonry footing 450 mm thick r'vith equal off set on either side.

2. Basement : Basement is also of stone masonry 300 mm thick and height of basement is

450 mm.

3. Superstructure : All the walls except in the toilet are of brick masonry and 200 mmthick. The partition walls in toilets are 100 rnm thick brick masonry walls constructed from plinth.All the rvalls are taken to a height of 3200 mm from floor level to boftom of R.C.C. roof slab.

4. Sit-out: Entrance of the building is provided rvith a sit out in the form of a quadrartt of acircle with a radius of 1450 mrn. Similar shape of R.C.C. beam 200 x250 mm is provided with its

bottom at 2100 mm fiom floor level.'fhe remaining portion above the curved beam and bottom ofR.C.C. roof consists of brick masonry wall 200 mm thick.

5. Steps : Steps in the same shape as that of sit-out are provided rvith brick masonry withtread:300 mm; rise = 150 nun. Rear side steps with the same tread and rise are of spread typehaving length of top step equal to 1000 rnm. All thesesteps have a C.C bed foundation 150 mmthick below G.L.

6. Roofing: Roofingconsists of R.C.C. (l:2:4) slab 120 mm thickand finished withl2 mm thick weather proof course.-

7. Parapet : Brick masonry parapet 100 mm thick and 700 mm height is constructed aroundthe building and is provided with a coping projecting 50 mm beyond the face of the parapet wall.

8. R.C.C. Lintels and sun-shades : 120 mm thick R.C.C. (l :2 :4) lintels are provided on;.' openings with a bearing.of 150 mm on either side.

R.C.C. sun-shades extend from bottom of these lintels provided over exterior openings byr J mm. These are 90 mm thick at the face of the wall and 75 mm thick at free end.

9. The sun-shade at-the entrance is provided extending from the curved beam provided overthr "it-out.by 600 mm as shown in the line diagrams.

10. Flooring: Flooring consists of Mossaic tiled floor laid over 100 mm C.C. (l :4 : 8) bed.

-'maining depth of basement is filled with sand and well compacted.

lI. Doors, windows, ventilators, almairahs & cup boards : These shall be provided as

n in the line diagram and as per the schedule given.

residential btrilding develop

these vicu,s to a scale of I :

fully dimensioned plan, section50 with the following specifica-

TOILET1600 x tzOO

oo@r

ri

L)c)c{

D

FLUJ

F

LOBBY B

KITCH EN

2400 x 3200D1

BED ROOM4000 x 3600

LIVING4200 x 3600

Dtl

I

114sDtslT

; ot,tr

I

A

FIG LINE DIAGRAM

Th.'

sh."


PLATE No. 7RCC ROOF SLAB 120 THICK WITH

T2 THICX WEATHER PROOF COURCE

12

r20

;o uu

ELEVATIONo:

300-Tl- *,-l f___-

iv V

6.-ooo

xoocv

III :-=l.'

-Y-I

1 800

-*fII

3600

llrMosAlc TILE PL99RING 1-- oso---{

OVER 1OO CC BED

[Ailfcl __

LOBBY

]'D1

l=FUJJoF

KITCHEN2400 x 3200 D?

D2SECTIONALONGAB CD

I

l*'I

Dl Schedule

r-Dr

_lBED ROOM4000 x 3600 w

lwrI

I

-.!t_

l-LIVING

12OA x 3800Dr

l*'L-

-\ SITOUT

Z l/t///"

450

600

of doors, v,indow,s

Designation Numberering Modularsize in mm

Specifications

l0 DT 2lr0 DS 20

9 DS 18

rs wQ t2l0 wT t2l0v6

D 2No.Dr 4 No.

D2 2 No.

W 2No.Wr 4 No.V 2No.

1000 x 2t00I 000 x 2000

900 x I 800

1500 x 1200

1000 x t200I 000 x 600

Fully Panelled Door

Flush Door

Flush Door

Glazed Window

Glazed WindorvGlazed Ventilator

TOILET1600 x 1200

w

4200

I:-t 600

l-A _ ALMAIRAHC.B

Note .' All dimensions are in mrn.

1500 x

25A0 xl 200

2000

2w A RfiSIDENCE

EXERCISE - 10

The cottage cum rest house is to be planned with trvo bed rooms, hall, kitchen & dining,

garage and clos0d verandah, with intemal dimensions as below'

-a.- 4 - ^sIil WIUC AIlu 4l

Hall - 4.2 x 4.6 m

Bedrooms (l)3.6x 4.2m

(2) 4.2 x 4.6 m

Kitchen = Not less than 7.5 sq.m in area

Attached toilet to bed rooms and general toilet have to be

Refer plate no. 8 and draw the views given to a scale of I

From the given detailed drawings list out the detailed

diagram r€quired for developing the plan given.

Building Drawings and Their DeYelgp^mjtnt {Chapte r- 5}

provided suitably.

: 50.

specifications and draw the line

Dining

Garage

- 4.2 x 3.2m

- 2.5 m wide

IU Civil Engineerlng Drawing-l (CitaDter-Sl

PLATE No. 8

TPARAPET ioo THtcK

SECTION AT .FLOORING:-

MOSAIC TILEDFLOORING OVER, 100 mm

C.C. BED

SECTIONALONGAB CD

Schedule of doors, windovls .'

Mocl u la rsize in mm

120 R.C.C. SLAB FINISHEDOF FLAT TILES INC.M (1 : 4)

WITH TWO COURSESTO A THICKNESS 40 mm

999.401207

If050

I

600

21 00

ELEVATION_J00

I loo300-I---r- - -ru?oi v v I i- "'l--; -l

i -*; -l r - --]

V

-lwrl

It-[*,l

_J

S pecifications

I

lwt

s ws ,?{rDr

l0 DS 20

DT 2A/5 WS l0

(D: lNo)Dr-4NoDr: I No.

D,:4No.wWr _ 6No.

on either

DT 2000

2000

r 800

I 800

r 200

t200

s00

side

ws r00

of 1 000

1000 x

900 x

700 x

1500 x

1000 x

A

t IF

2570!

RAMP

9 DS 18

7 DS 18

15 wQ t2t0 wT t2

Dl3600 x 2500VERAI.J DAH

3200

c)oOFNLUtj

op(fFr- 42A0 x 4600

BED ROOM

3600 x 4200BED ROOM

800 ri 290TOIL ET

oortcrF

[rJXI

90;F

4200 x 3200DtNtNG IF

I

c)zRLUo

3XFo:cg

(\I

r; ;.----; I

arf-_- 3600--*T 42oo# 42ooI pLAN li -, ,JR _ ROLLING SHUTTERNote .' All dimensions are in rnm.

COTTAGE CUM REST HOUSE

'ou{$-1 I

v. I I D,wr; I

- j-- -3200

Nu m bering

Glazed windows on either

side of panelled door

Flush Door

Flush Door

Flush Door

Glazed- Window

Glazed Window

St€irs and Staircases lchapt€r-61 4ri

ffi srnrRs AND srnrRcASES

-

.\,,,\-/^\.2^\-/,v^.\:/^v,\

l-he stairs are a series of steps properly arranged to connect different floors in a building. Thehall or room in which the stairs are located is called a stair case.

Stairs are the means of vertical communication fiom floor to floor.

6.1 SOME OF THE TERMS USED IN STAIRS :

l. Step : A part of stairs consisting of a tread and riser which is used to ascent or descentfrom one floor to the other.

2. Tread : The horizontal upper part of a step which is used to rest the foot while ascendingor descending the stairs.

3. Riser : The vertical member between two treads is known as riser.

4. Rise : It is the vertical distance between surfaces of two consecutive steps.

5. Flight : A series of continuous steps without any break or horizontal platform is knownas flight.

6. Landing: A horizontal platform between two flights of stair is called landing. A landingwhich extends to full rvidth of stair case, is termed as half space landing. When it extends only forhalf of the stair case width, it is known as quarter space landing.

7. Going : It is the horizontal distance between the faces of two consecutive risers.

8. Hand rail : Wooden or metallic rail which is generally provided on the sides of stairs atabout 750 mm for hand hold and safety of users is termed as hand rail. The vertical height from topof rail to the surface of tread should not be more than 850 mm and should not be less than 750 mm.

9. Waist : The thickness of R.C.C. slab over which steps are constructed is known as waistor waist slab.

10. Head roomr It is the verticaldistance between the tread of a step and bottom ofthe flightor landing immediately above.

I l. Baluster : It is the vertical member placed between hand rail and edges of the treads tosupport the hand rail.

12. Balustrade : The combined frame work of hand rail and baluster is called as balustrade.

13. Winders : They are angular or radiating steps and are provided to change the direction ofa flight without introducing any landing.

14. Nosing : A small outer projection of a tread beyond the riser is known as nosing.

6.2 SOME OF THE GUIDING VALUES :

l. Maximum riser and minimum width of Tread or Going.

According to the building byelaws the maximum riser and minimum' width of tread are as

lollows :

Ti?e cf buitding

(a) Public building

(b) Domestic building

Max-inturn riser

150 mm

190 mm

Minimum tread

without nosing

300 mm

250 mm

2. Minimum width of stair case (width of flight) :

(a) Residential buildings = 1.0 m

(b) Public buildings = 1.5 m

3. Minimum head room : The minimum clear head room in any stair case shall be 2.2 m

4. Width of landing: The width of landingshould in no case be less than width of the stairorflighr width.

6.3 TYPES OF STAIRS :

Depending on the direction of the flight, these are classified as :

(i) Straight flight stair :

This stair runs in one direction. All steps will be in one flight without any inter-mediate landing or with one or two intermediate landings.

(ii) Quarter - turn stair :

In this, steps are ananged in two flights and two flights make an angle of 900 separatedi

by a landing

(iii) Half - turn stair : The two flights will be separated by a landing so that the change

the direction is 1800.

Depending on the arrangement of flights, the stairs may be classified as.

(i) Dog-legged stair

(ii) Open Well stair either with half tum or quarter turn.

(iii) Biturcated st4ir

(iv) Circular stair or spiral stair

(v) Geometrical stair

(vi) Semi- elliptical

'12 Civil Ensineering Drawing-l (Chapter-61/a/" &--v*-*v-,--, *v----

These are shown in fig. 6.1.

More commonly used stairs are :

(i) Dog-legged stair and (ii) Open-well stair.

In most of the residential buildings dog - legged stairs are commonly used. In case of publicbuildings open'weii stairs may be preierreci.

SECTION D-D

SECTION B-B

PLAN

DOG LEGGED

FtG. 6.1

z-QUARTER TURNOPEN WELL

SECTION E-E

UPPLAN

BIFURCATEDQUARTER TURN HALF TURN OPEN WELL PLAN

Iustrate the different terrnsFigure 6.3 shows the plan and section of a Dog - legged stair to ilinvolved in stairs, like head room, floor height, landing, tread, rise etc.,

GEOMETRICAL

ELEVATION

SECTION C-C

SECTION A.A

CIRCULAR

DIFFERENT TYPES OF STAIRS

SEMI.ELLIPTICAL

Sta ir s Staircases (Chapter-6)

FLOOROR

ROOF

LANDING

HEADRooMANDFLooRHEIGHT

sEcrloN oN 'c'D'

PLAN OF R.C.C. STAIR


FlG.6.3

= I{EIGHT BETWEEN FLOOR

= FLOOR HEIGHT

= TREAD= RISE

NOTE :

WTHOUT BEAMTANDING SI.ABMAY BE SUPPORTEDIN WALLS A.AOR IN THE B

I

I

IC

Ir

u

Le

Drrec

Ins;

Hei

Thir

wid

Calr

Nu

#*14';,{

l.

EXERCISE - t IDraw the plan and sectional elevation on C-D (as indicated

with the following details : (Refer plate 9-l).

Type of stair : Dog-legged half turn

No. oi flights - 2

No. of steps in each flight * l0Tread of each steP : 250 mm

Rise of each step : 150 mm

Width of flight - 1000 mm

Height of each flight - 1650 mm

Height between floors - 3300 mm

Civil Engineering D rawing-l (Chbpter-61

in the plan) to a scale of I :20Arrangingintwoflights,No.ofrisesineachflat:+

No. of treads required in each fligttt = 12 - I = I I

Provide I I No. of treads in each flight; width of open well : width of room - 2 (width offlight)

,:#'

#

').J

.?s:&:4.

#,:Y.

*

Any other data required may be suitably assumed'

Calculations to draw the above views.

Inside dimensions of the stair case room

Width : Length of landing : 2 x width of flights

= 2 x 1000 :2000 mm

Length : 'fotal goings in one flight + 2 (width of landings)

: (10 x25a)+2(1000) :4500mm

Draw to a scale I :20,the plan and sectional elevation along A-B of a openwell stair with a

rectangular well for an office building with the following data (Refer plate no- 9-2).

Inside dimensions of staircase = 6m x 4.5 m

Height between the floors :3'60 m

Thickness of floor slab = 150 mm

Width of flight= 1500 mm

Calculations :

3 600-24

150

- 4500 -2 (1500 1- 1500 mm

Providing landings width : width of flight

Length available for all I I goings in each t'light

- 6000 -2(1s00) - 300b mm

3 000Now tread of each steP :

I I - 212.2 mm

Providing tread of each step equal to 270 mm

Total length of goings - 270 x I I - 2970 mm

Remaining length - 3000 - 297A - 30 mm

This 30 mm space is provided at the beginning of first landing.

Data available from the above calculation :

No. of flight - 2

Width of each flight - 1500 mm

Width of top landing : 1530 mm

Width of intermediate landing between two flights - 1500 mm

Width of open well : I 500 mm

Length of open well - 2970 mm

No. of treads in each flight - 1 1

No. of rises in each flight - 12

Tread - 270 mm; Rise : 150 mm

Number of steps required (selecting rise as 150 mm)

-r

tf--

3 L-l-*rri

ELEVATION ON SECTION 'AA

2500 1 O0o -*l

PLAN

9.1

DIMENSIONS ARE IN MTN.

P = 1000 x 2100 mm

l/{ = 1200 x 1200 mm

Stairs and Staircases (Chapter-6)

A

-

1st FLOOR LEVEL -t


PLATE:

B

+

1000 x 2100

1200 x 1200

Note : All dimensions are

l.

and bath.'t

(l:4:8)

Tht

nd depth

The

o footin

2.Iment is

receive fl

3. Slls are I0r

ight frorn :

-TtI

olf)(o!t-

I

,- 25O/ 1*-

I

250

*l \

f* 1000

-l_

A

AooN

R C..C HAND

HALF LANDING

WAIST SLAB 150

270 TREAD157 RISE

SECTION ON - AB

11 x 27O=2970

4. stiwith

wi

wiD

w,T'Ri

,, No.

:.': LgnDOG LEGGED STAIR

9.7

OPEN WELLHei

Civil Engineering D.awing-l {Cha ptsr- 6l

EXERCISE I I2

Draw to a scale of I : 50 the (a) plan (b) section along A-A and (c) front elevation as shown

,;n the plate- t 0 with following specifications.

. l. Foundations : All the walls are load bearing walls except the partition walls in toilets

,antibath. These load bearing waiis are taken to a ciepth oi i000 mm below G.L. and rest on C.C.

itt '+ '

g) bed 800 mm wide and 300 mm deep.

The first footing is 500 mm wide with equal offset on either rtd. (*#) = ,ro **

depth of the footing is 400 mm.

The second footing is 400 mm wide with 50 mm offset on either side and 300 mm in depth.

o footings are of brick masonry in C.M. (l : a).

2. Basement : All load bearing walls are 300 mm thick in basement and the height ofment is 600 mm. The basement is filled with sand and well compacted for laying sub base

receive flooring tiles.

3. Superstructure : All the main walls are 300 mm thick in super structure and the partition

lsare 100 mm thick constructed from floor level. The walls are taken to a height such that the

from floor to floor is 3.6 m (inclusive of R.C.C. slab thickness).

4. Stair case : Dog-legged stair case half-tum landing is provided in the left side of entrance

with the following details.

Width of flight = 900 mm

Width of landing = 920 mm

Tread/going of each step = 280 mm

step - 150 mm

in each flight - I I ; width of hand rail : 100 rnm

flight-ll x280:3080mm

rail from tread - 7 50 mm

Height from ground floor to landing

No. of rises x 150 = 12 x 150 = 1800 mm

Similarly height from landing to first floor = 12 x 150 : 1800 mm

At the end of second flight R.C.C. beam 250 x 300 mm is provided below the roof slab, as

shown in the plan &- section.

The stair case room is taken to a height of 2500 mm and covered with R.C.C. (l :2 :4) slab120 mm thick and the slab is projected 600 mm beyond the face of the walls on all sides.

5. Roofing : Roofing consists of R.C.C. (l : 2 :4) slab 120 mm thick.

6. Flooring : Flooring is of Mosaic tiles l5 mm thick over C.C bed (l : 4 : 8) 100 mm thick.

7. Front elevation : The front'face of wall is given a surface rendering by fixing granitestones of different colours like grey, red, & black etc.

8. Doors & windows : Doors, windows and ventilators shall be provided as indicated in theplan.

9. Lintels & sun-shades : R.C.C. lintels 150 mm thick are provided over all openings likedoors, windows and ventilators.

Isolated sun-shades are provided over all windows, ventilators and doors provided in theexternal walls projecting 700 mm beyond the face of walls.

Rise of each

No. of treads

or eacngth

Height of hand

Stairs and Staircases lchapter-6) - 47

P[.,ATE : l0

colu

700:--1Vlr

I l- *;--i lvf

v. I

-_J

-t

--1

n;j

-'l I*'lI

f--l*,I

SECTION ALONG A-A

Scheciule of doors, windov's

f--rVr_-

f---l*;L-

::j rA--J I.-.- r .

ELEVATION

ro THlcx R.c.c SLAE

IIOSAIC TILE FLOORINGl5 mm THICK OVER AC.C. 8ED OF t00 mm

3200 wlDELIVING CUM

DINING

3300 x 3d00KITCHEN

oooFs{ tl1x/o9gFo

4000 x 4500BED ROOM

1 800 rl 500TOILET

3300 r {200BED ROOM

{roo *;?bt;tffl

i: [: i1' r,: iiJ' j':!' :if - -- - - - -- -lTi

-

-- --trrtrrEl:r-I]:l=rl-.l*Fpldf I'l'f '1"1"!

Design a tion Numberering I\'lodular

size in mm

Specifica tions

6 WS r2lr r DT 1?J.6 WS I

I I DT/21

l0 DS/20

9DSr20

7 DS/IE

t0 wT t2

@0 v 400

600 v 600

D 2No

D, - lNo

Dr - ZNo

Dr - lNo

Dr - 4No

W - 7No

V - 4No

V. - 2No

ll00 x 2lO0

I100 x 2lo0

1000 x 20OO

9O{) x 2O00

700 x 1800

I 100 x 1200

6ffi x 400

600 x 600

ll00 x 2100 Pancllcddoor combined on its two single

600 x 1200 shutter windowl(one in cither side of door withglass pares)

Panclled ,ritir t*o shutter

Single shutter flushcd door

-do

Glazed windo'*' with-twoshutters

Glazed ventilator

Glazed ventilator

(1 :1CEME

-,Note : All dimensions are in mm

TWO BED ROOMED HOUS

48 Civil Enqineerino Drawino-t {Chaor€r-6tvvvvvvvvvvvvvv vvv vvvvvvv\.,vvvv-vvvJvvvv-v\./\,/WvWvivvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv vvvvv vvv v\

:

!ittf

EXERCISE I I3

l-he plan, section and elevation of two

Draw to a scale of I :50 the following viervs

(a) Ground floor Plan

(b) First floor plan

(c) Section along AB and

(d) Front elevation.

l. Foundations : All the columns which are designated as C, are 200 x 200 and the two

columns marked as C, are 200 x 300 rnm in size.

storeyed framed structure are shown in plate No. I l.rvith the specifications as given below

The size of the column footing for square columns is 1000 x 1000 mm, where as forrectangular columns the footing size is 1000 x 1500 rnrn. All colurnn footings resl on levellingcourse consisting (l :4 :8) concrete with 40 mm hard broken granite stones laid to a thickness ol'100 mm.

The isolated colttmn- footings (R.C.C. ! :2 :4) rest on these !eve!!ing courses of leaiiconcrete bedding and are taken to a depth of 1900 mm with trapezoidal shape as shown bclor.v :

All these columns (C, and C,) are laterally connected b1: R.C.C. beams 200 x 3,s0

(a) At ground level and

(b) Below R.C.C. roof slab

Basemenl :- Height of basement is 600 mm

2. Brick masonry in super structurc : T'he portion between the panels in ground floorand first floor is with brick masonry walls 200 mm thick in C.M. (l : 6).

The hight of roof in the ground floor is 3200 mm and in the first floor it is 3000 mm (fromfloor level to top of roof slab).

3. Stairs : Dog - legged stair with half turn landing is provided for vertical communicationas shown in the plan.

1000 -----+il II

;'-C .:r 20C Cn' '

-+

i

:

1;r00

I

I

_t

LII 600

LEVELLING(t:4:8)PLAIN c ms proJec tng m beyond the walls.

CRETELEVELTING COURSE rooo --{ +1ooo_-4 C.S. of cantilever beam (B) i

200 x 350 at the the junction with main beam and 200 x 200 at the free end.

/ FOR COlUitN C, FOR COLUMN Cr

G

Width of each flight

Width of landing

Tread I going

Rise in ground floor

Rise in first floor

:- 1000 mm

_ 1000 mm

- 27 5 mm (ln both the floors)

_ 150 mm200 x

R.C.C. (1 :2- FOOTING

200 R.c.cCOLUMN

200 x 300-;<R.C.C. COLUMN Height of hand rail -

from the tread surface - 750 mm

Width oi hand rail

Balconies : Balconies

:90 mm

are provided in front and rear side as shown in the plan and

{200

100

100

1 800

200---- 100

1004.

Sta irs and Sta irca se s (Chapter-61

Hand railing.ls provided alround the balconies and is at a height of 800 mm, thicknessbeing 100 mrn.

Rooling R.C.C. roof slab 120 mm thick is laid both in ground floor and first floor. Sameihickness of roof slab is laid over srair _ case room.

5. Height of s.tair-case room : Access is provided to go from the first floor to the opent€nace and the height stair-case provided for this purpose is with 2500 mm clear height. The roofslab over the stair case projects 750 mm on all four sides.

6. Flooring : Flooring consists of mossaic tiled flooring over a C.C. (l : 4 : 8) bed of 100mm thick in ground floor and over R.C.C. roof slab in first floor.

7. Doors, windows, ventilators & cup boards : The doors, windows, ventilators and cup-boards shall be provided as given in the schedule below :

Designation SpecificationsModular size

in mnr

r0 DS 20

9DS20

9 DS 18

7 DS 18

15 wR t2

12 wT t2

6V 4

20G 12 .

Cupboards

Alrnairahs

8. Parapet : Shall be taken

: Any other data needed shall

Panelled with single shutr,;:

Flushed door single shutter

-do--do-

Glazed window three panels

Glazed with two panels

Glazed ventilator

M.S. Grill

as 100 mm thick and 700 mm height.

be assumed suitably

Numbers

D

D, _7No.

D I

Dj _4No.

W -4No.'W, _ 14 No.

I

V -6No.G-2C.B.: 4 No.

A _2No.

I 000 x 2000

900 x 2000

9C0 x I 900

700 x I 800

1500 x 1200

1200 x t200

tioo x 400

2000 x 120_0

3000 x I 500

1800 x 1500

50 Civit Ensineering Drawing-t (Chspt€r-61

TWO STOREYED FRAMED STRUCTURE PLATE No. I I

I

I

I

Brrl

I

lwI

I

3lc)otolvl

I

B

II

I

lct

r-w1

V

vz

I

W

L-4 800 ctc

--tIv/, I

I

__l

BED ROOM4800 x 4600

c2

;tV

-t

V

c2

t--w

--lw'l

I

--J

-1vlI

vl_l

cl

wt;

-Jc2Tr z'ool t'L

*,fI

c2W1 600F--G----

IrI

-fBI

c1 wl

,l4800 c/c 25 00 c/c 2500 ctc

GROUND FLOOR PLAN FIRST FIJOOR PLAN

KITCHEN

4600 '.-3000

2300 wtDEDINING

ARCH 2OOO WIDEOP EN ING

4800 x 4600

LIVING

BED ROOM4800 x 4600

TOILET

240A x 1 500

TOILET

2100 x 1500

4600 x 4600BED ROOM

.rLfiJl1 -tt rl-lj5i li:l

HH)rl

10{.Ifq_.5_4

2300 wtDEDiNING

-\D r \- ARCH 2ooo

WIDE OPENING

4800 x 4600LIVING

4600 x 300KITCH EN

TOILET2100 x 1500

TOILET

2400 * 1 500

4600 x 4600BED ROOM

I lcr wr11 'lt-< Ir- - t-1-

.lz so20 nrrn

COUTiSE'l-

WF:A-Il".lER PROOFOVER120RCCSLAB

-Tto

200 1 200

120200

CANTI LEVERBEAM

-1-800

+"

t.

I

600

ELEVATION SECTION ON A B

Note : All dimensions are in mm

sl i^lI , 1600ji-IF;;i-

R.C.C PLINTH BEAM200 x 350 ll

fl

JL=--J€

MOSAIC TILEDFLOORING 20 THICK

(

(i

N

ELEVATION

The details of column footings are shown

drawing here.

ovER loo THICK I 1-

fffl c'c BA'E E=liSECTION ON A B

in page. 48 instead of NOTE:ALL DIMENSIONS ARE lN mrn

a'lr^-rr

Civil Ingineering Drawing-l (Chapter-6)

TO BE TNCORPORATED

THE STANI'ARI' FORMAT FOR OBTAINING SANCTION FROM LOCAL BODY FOR A RESIDENTTAL BUILDING (TWO STOREYED, TWO BED ROOMBUILDING) INCLUDINC A RAINWATER HARVESTINC STRUCTURE).

Following drawings are to sub

(a) Building plan

mitted to accord permission for construction of a residential building :

(b) Site plan

ttil7i

iz

ta

Iti

1!t,

lt

,ir '1'iii

(c)

(d)

(e)

Location plan

Service plan

Specifications

(O Details of openings

(g) Schedule of areas

Note : For more details refer to

The pkn is !o be drau,n to I scale of lcm = lm. [n the case ofa multi storeyed building say two storeyed building plan ofground floor and first floor are to be

dlawn on the building. The plan shall clearly indicate essential servic€s such as w.C, sinlq bath .oom etc.

The dnwing /shatl

include sectional elev.tion and front €levatiol. The drawing shall include terrece plan indicating lfie drainsge .nd slop€ of the roof. Theoccupancy ofall parts ofthe building shall be indicated.

The boundalies ofthe site ofthe owner and position ofsite of neighbours also shall be clearly indicated. The site plal is to be drawn to. scale of 1:1000. The site

plan shall clearly indicatc the position of street (main) and s€tuica streeb any. It shall essentially indicate s€tbacks provid€d. The merns ofaccess ofsite shall b€

clsrly indicated. Site plan shall clearly speciry the plot (site) area and dimensions of boundaries and propos€d build up area in the site. The widlh ofadjoinilgstreets shall be clearly mentioned. lrcation of min harvesting pits .nd drawings orere of shall be shown in sile plar.

Location of site clearly indicating suwey No., ward No. etc., shall be dlawn though not be a scale.

tn this plan, layout of water supply pipes and drainage Iines is to be cle.rly shown.

Sp€cifications regarding construction shall be cleady mentioned i.€., for e"xample whethers it is R-C.C. constuction or Brick ino.ks and grade of mix and mortar

shall be cleatly mentioned.

Numbcr, size and qudity of doors and windows shall be cle.rly mcntioned.

Total site area, Covered sr€a, Total floor area and F.A.R shall be clearly mcrtioned in the area schedule.

building byclaws frahed by the concemed local aulhorities.

Stairs and Staircas€s lchapt€r-61 , - 53

EXERCISE I 145. Parapet : Thickness of parapet wall is 100 mm and taken to a height of 700 mm.

6. Doors &.Windows : All doors are single leaf flushed doors and windows are glazed type.

For front opening of 4.0 m wide, collapsible door is provided.Plate No. l2 shows the Plan and Elevation of a "Primary Health Centre". Draw plan, section

along X-X and Elevation to a scale of I : 100 from the specifications given below :

l. For*ndations : A$ the walh ineluding +erandah retaining wal{ arc taken+o+ dep+h cf1.2 m below Cround level. The walls up to basement are of Store Masonry.

lst footing 600 mm wide x 450 mm deep

2nd footing 450 mm wide x 450 mm deep

Basement 300 mm wide x 600 mm deep

The foLrndation consists of C.C bed 900 mm wide x 300 mm deep ( I : 4 : 8)

2. Superstructure: All the walls are 200 mm thick and of brick masonry in C.M (l : 5).

The height of walls from floor levelto the bottom of R.C.C. roof slab is 3.3 m.

Brick pillars 200 mm x 200 mm at 3 100 mm ClC are constructed in front verandah and are

taken to a height of 2100 mm and R.C.C. beam 200 mm x 350 mm is laid overthese pillars as

shown in plan by dotted lines. The remaining height (between top of R.C.C. beam and R,C,C roofslab) is filled with brick masonry 200 mm thick.

Continuous sun-shade from the beam projects 700 mm from the outside face of pillars. Forthe other exterior winciows anci ventiiaioru, isoiated sun-shades extending from the bottom of lintels

over respective openings with the same projection beyond the face of wall are provided. Thickness

of sun-shades at wall face is 75 mm and at free end, its thickness is 50 mm.

R.C.C. lintels 120 mm thick with a bearing of 150 mm on either side of opening are provided

on all doors, windows & ventilators.

At the entrance 4.0 m wide opening is provided and height of opening is 2.1 m. R.C.C. beam

200 mm x 400 mm is laid over this opening, the remaining height is with brick masonry wall.

Another R.C.C. beam (shown with dotted lines in the plan) 200 mm x 475 mm is provided inthe waiting hall.

3. Flooring : Flooring consists of polished Shahabad Stone slabs 25 mm thick over C.C.(l :4:8) bed 100 mm thick. The remaining depth of basement is filled with crushed quarry gravel

and fully compacted.

4. Roofing : Roofing consists of R.C.C. slab 120 mm thick and is finished with 2 courses

of flat tiles 150 x 150 x 10 mm laid in C. M (l : 4) as weather proof course.

D

D, : 750 x 1800 mm

W : 1000 x 1200 mm

V : Ventilator 400 mm x 650 mm

Note :Any other data required may be assumed suitably from the experience gained from previous

exercises.

lr^.-f-^:..

64- - Civil Engineering Drawing-l (Chapter-6)

RURAL HOSPITAL PLATE No. 12

X -lr- - --J t- * I -Ttoo !-;-l !'-- w -l1wl

f-I -Jwt

r-l*

Note : All Dimensions are in mm

-twl !-;-l f-

sW I t-; lso----.--L---JTzoo

t;l IrlI

[lt-

3000

I

l- 2oo;T-

I

2000

l:-fv

-1VI-J'tr-

ELEVATION

LADY DOCTOR'SROOM

3000 x 3800

HALL FOR 1O BED.S

6000 x 7000

MALE DOCTQR'SROOM

4000 x 3800

TECHNICIAN'SROOM

&CLINICAL LAB3000 x 5000

NURSE'S ROOM3000 x 3000

LADIE'STOILET

2000 x3000

ooo

uJrldxoFoa3

c\l

c. B 500

DISPENSARY4000 x 3000

OFFICE ROOM4000 x 3000

o.(3o

gal-r?FUJ xzJutFootr3

N

2OO X 2OO BRICK PILLARSAT 3100 C/C

-rt

Stai.s and Staircases lchaptsr-61 FE

EXERCISE I T 5

Fully dimensioned Plan and Elevation of a "Primary School" are shown in Plate No : 13. Draw: .* given plan to a scale of I : 100 and section along, ABCD with its front elevation, to suit the

irecifications given below :

l. Foundation: All the walls including verandah retaining wall are taken to a depth ofi.2 m and reston C.C (l :4 : 8) bed 1000 mm wide x 300 mm deep. The remaining part of thetbundation consists of brick masonry in C.M (l : a) footings as below :

lst footing 700 mm wide x 300 mm deep

2nd footing 600 mm wide x 300 mm deep

3rd footing 500 mm wide x 300 mm deep

2. Basement : The thickness of wall in basement is 400 mm and the height of basementis 750 mm.

3. Superstructure : Allthe walls are 300 mm thick with brick masonry in C.M (l : 5) andtakert to a height of 3.6 m to the bottom of R.C.C roof slab from floor level.

The interior corridor is 2.5 m wide ( to the edge of verartdah retaining wall from face ofthe superstructure wall) and 300 mm x 300 mm brick pillars are provided with their spacingas mentioned in the plan. These pillars are taken to a height of 2.1 m and R.C.C. beam 300 mm x450 mm is laid on all three sides.

A short wall 100 mm thick (dwarf wall) and 900 mm height is constructed between thesebrick masonry pillars and the remaining height of 1.2 m is covered with M.S. grills.

R.C.C. beams are also provided over the entrance (3000 mm wide) and on the other side:tt00 m wide at a height of 2.1 m from floor level.

Other beams provided in (verandah) conidor are at the bottom of R.C.C. roof slab.

4. Lintels & Sun-shades : R.C.C. Iintels 150 mm thick are provided on all intertrop,,:;rings viz., doors & windows with a bearing of 150 mm on either side.

On the exterior side a continuous lintel beam is provided and from this linted beam,sun-.:iade extends which is continuous alround the building to a length of 600 mm from the face ofthe r. ..i.

5. Roofing : Roofing consists of R.C.C. roof slab 130 mm thick and is finished withweather proof course consisting of two courses of flat tiles 150 x 150 x l0 mm embeded in C.M.(l : a). R.C.C. slab has full bearing on walls and extends I50 mm beyond the outer edge of thewalls.

6. Parapet : Thickness of parapet wall is

50 nrnrr thiryk csping is provided over the parapet.

100 mm and is taken to a height of 700 mm,

7. Flooring: Flooring consists of 25 mm thick Shahabad stone slabs over 100 mtn thickC.C bed. The remaining depth of basement is filled with gavel and well compacted.

8. Doors & Windows : At the entrance collapsible gate 3.0 m wide is provided.

D = Door with two shutters flushed type I .2 m x 2.1 m

D, = Door with single shutter flushed type 0.75 m x 1.8 m

W : Window glazed 1.2 m x 1.4 m

Note : Suitable assumptions can be made if needed.

,^,2\. - v v vv v v v v v v v v v vvv v v v v v v v v v v v v v v vv v v vv\ /\.--../

='t,t,,

56 Ciril Engineering Drawing-l lchapter-61

SCHOOL BUILDING

ELEVATION

D =Tlia

-w-'w- w-w -

PLATE No. 13

ilIVll

t,

t;

II

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

WI

WI

I

I

I

I

I

I

WI

WiI

rill

r 600{-50

fsooI

6000

300

2500_j

600

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

|-sooo{3oo I

Note : All Dimensions are in mmBRICK PILLARS 3OO X

AT 35OO C/C EXCEPTLAST PILLAR

BRICK PILLARS 3OO X 3OO

AT 3000 c/c

I

M.S. GRILL OVER DWARF WALL

300 x 300 BRtcK PTLLARS AT 3500 C/C

W-W- - -rPLAN

-1

tu,,

1"600

YI

Ia

V

I

II

Yv

I

ti

a.-)

CLASS ROOi\47500 x 6000CLASS ROOM

6000 x 7500

LABORATORY9000 x 6000

PHYSICALEDUCATION6000 x 6000

ou)o. JoIg."J(9 X

9soFo<>u$D1

25 00 WIDE CORRIDOR

CLASS ROOM6000 x 7000

STAFF ROOM6000 x 4000

II

-r--J- :

I

ENTRANCE6000 YvrDE

Fgobo{

2500 wtDE

HEAD MASTERROOM

6000 x 2850 CLASS ROOM7500 x 6000

CLASS ROOM7500 x 0000

CLASS ROOM I CLASS ROOM7500 r 6000.

ood)Eo

7500 x 6000FUIJ6F

'' oFFlcE6000 x 2850

Sta ir s Staircases (Cha pter- 6) 57

EXERCISE . t 6The line diagram showing the Plan of "DIVISIONAL

the Plate 14. Draw to a scale of I : 100

(a) Fully dimensioned plan,

(b) Section along ABCD, and

(c) Front elevation from the given specifications

Specifications :

l. Foundations : All the walts including verandah retaining walls are taken to a depth of1.5 m below ground level and founded on C.C. bed (l : 4 : 8) 1000 mm wide x 300 mm deep.

The C.C bed is laid over 150 mm thick sand bed thoroughly watered and compacted.

The remaining depth of 1.2 m consists of two stone masonry footings each 600 mm deep

and 700 mm; 500 mm wide respectively.

2. Basement : Stone masonry 400 mm thick and 600 mm height becomes the basement.

Over basement 50 mm thick D.P.C. is laid.

3. Superstructure : All the walls in superstructure are of brick masonry and 300 mm

thickness. These walls are taken to a height of 3.3 m from floor level to bottom of R.C.C. roof slab.

The two toilets meant for executive engineer and P.A. to executive engineer are partitioned

by brick wall 100 mrn thick.

4. Brick pillars, Beams; Portico; Lintels & Sun-shades : The corridors in three sides are

of 2.5 m wide including the thickness of verandah retaining wall. Square brick pillars 300 mm x

300 mm are constructed over the verandah retaing wall at 3 m CiC. (The C/C spacing can be

adjusted from 3 m to 3.3 m if the length of conidor works out to be impossible to strictly provide

3.0 m as C/C spacing).

Front entrance is 2.0 m wide and provided with a collapsible gate (D,) to a height of 2.1 m-

rlso M.S.Grills are provided as indicated by G and G, in the plan.

R.C.C. beam 300 mmx 425 mm is provided over ttte entrance opening from which a front

portico 3.0 m wide projecting 2.5 m from the outer face of the wall shall be provided..

T - beam 300 mm x 500 mm are provided at 3.0 m CiC in the clerical section.,

The square brick pillars in the conidor shall be taken to a height of 2.1 m over which R.C.C.

beam 300 mm x 450 mm is laid. From this beam, continuous sun-shade projecting 700 mm beyond

the face of the wall shall be provided.

Continuous lintel is laid (door & window openings) at a height of 2.1 m from floor level and

similar sun-shade shall be provided on all exterior sides.

5. RC.C. Roof : R.C.C. roofing 120 mm and finished with weather proof course 22mm

thick shall be provided. Roofing slab will project by 100 mm beyond the external wall face-

6. Flooring: Terrazo tiled roofing l2 mm thick perfectly laid & joined shall be provided

^i;;;o117+ti;,txf tflftmmrhirk Qrritclrlerrreteri*lsh*lll|]erl<edfnfilltheremainingoortionoftheuYvI q v.v uvu

basement.

7. Parapet Watl : 100 mm thick brick masonry parapet shall be provided to a height of700 mm and top is finished with a coping projecting 50 mm.

8. Doors, Windows & Ventilators :

D : Door with double shutter (flushed) 1200 x 2100

D, : CollaPsible gate 3000 x 2100

D, = Door with Single shutter (flushed) 750 x 1800

W - WindowfullYglazed 1200 x 1500

V - Ventilator glazed 600 x 450

G : M.S. Grill 1800 x 1500

G,: M.S. Grill 1500 x 1500

Note: l. M.S. Grills are provided over a dwarf wall 100 mm thick and 600 mm height.

2. Any other data shall be assumed suitably.

ENGINEER'S OF'FICE" is shown in

Civil Engineering Drawing-l (Cha pter- 6) lDIVISIONAL ENG INEER'S OFFICEWW

BLUE

4000 -z 6

PRINTROOM

DRAUGHT'S MENROOM

7000 x 6000

TECH NICALASSISTANTSTnnn v AfrAfif vvv 4 \rvvv

TECHNICALSECTION AND.RECORDS

7000 x 6000

SA N ITA RYUNIT

/lnnn An^navvv x Ltv\,v

EX EC UTIVEENGINEER

6000 x 7000

25OO WIDE CORRIDOR

2500 wtDE coRRtDoR

w

CLERICAL SECTION1 5000 x 6000

EooE.E,oOUJo;Ootr)N

D

_-J<zoQ

2o

FoZos3zxfOoC)o?3

STATIONARYROOM

4000 x 6000

SANITAflYUNIT

4000 x 600Q

Note :

1. All dimencions are in mm ,_

2. The dimensions given for the roorns.are internal clear dimensions

PLATE No. 14

LINE DIAGRATTI SHOWING T}TE PLAN

of verandah retaining wall.

KITCHEN

9.5 x 8

EXERCISE I I 7

plan of one floor consisting six apaftments

a convenient scale the plans of the aboveThe dimensioned plan of an hostel building and

in a floor are shown in Plate No. 15 and 16. Draw to

assuming the suitable wall thickness.trY ATti tt^ tFfLAl f, t\U. lJ

TYPICAL SECTION AT 'XX'

WVlV1V1TYPICAL PLAN OF HOSTEL

ROOM3x4

ROOM3.3 x 4

ROOM3.3 x 4

EooEE.o(JtUo

=(oGi

OPEN TO SKY

ENTRANCE LOBBY

1O x 7.5

DINING9.5 x 13

ROOM4 x 3.3

ROOM4 x 3.3

ROOM4 x 3.3

T,V. ROOM9.5 x 1 2.5

ROOM4 x 3.3

ROOM4 x 3.3

ROOM4 x 3.3

ROOM4 x 3.3

STORE ROO3.3x4

VARDENROOM7 x4

PORTTCO 5.O WIDE

EDDt]ENNDItlll

ELEVATION

ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN METRES

Iffi 60 C;vil Engineering Drawing-l (Chapter-6)

PLATE No. 16

coI(o

co

coO(o

CI

Dining6.5 x 3.3

ued f'{oom4.3 x 3.5

Living6.8 x 3.3

ueo Hoom4x3.2

M. Bed Room

4.8 x 3.6

I'o ile t

1.5 x 2.3Bed Room4.3 x 3.5 M. Bed Room

4.8 x 3.6

Living6.8 x 3.3

I o ilet1.5 x 2.3

Bed Room4.3 x 3.5

Bed Room4.3 x 3.5

Kitchen4x3.4

Kitchen4 x 3.4

l

M. Bed Roorn

4.6 x 3.4

Dr awing4.3.6 Bed Room

3.5 x 3 6M. Bed Room

4x3.2M. Bed Room

4.8 x 3.2

Living3.3x4.1

Kitchen :

3.3 x 2.1

Toilet2.2x1.3

Toilet2.4x1.2

Bed Room3 x 3.6

@

oF

EXF c')

Toilet2.2x1.2

oI(D

@q

Bed Room3.6x4

Toilet2.4x1.2

Bed Room4x3.6

Kitchen2.7 x 2.3

od,

3q

Kitchen3 x 2.3

1 .35 " BalConyBalcony 1 .2

1.2 Balcony

Bed Room4.3 x 3.6

6 c.j;=Vo

F- \r

Bed Room3.1 x 3.6

6<oEX-:

Kitchen2,8x2.3

qNX

"..|

First Floor Plan of an Apartment

EXERCISE I I8

Stsirs and Staircases lahapter-61

The line diagrarn shows plan of a one bed room residential building. Prepare a workingdrarving for excavation of foundations.

- 1-- lloundations : All the walls arc takc! te a dgpth qf 900 rnm bqlo_w ground_ lqyelfounded on C.C bed 700 mm wide : 300 nrm thick.

I'he brick nlasonry lboting over c.c bed is 400 mm wide witlr eclual offsets on either side

I(700 - +00) 1

: 150 mm and depth of fboting is 600 mm.

arld

2. Basement : 'l'he height of basement is 450 nrm and width of wall is 300 mm. Steps areprovided both on fiont side and rear side over a Cl.C bed 150 mm thick with an off set I50 mm onall three sides. Tread and rise of step are 300 mm and 150 nrm.

3. Flooring : Flooring consists of 20 mm thick C.M. (l : ) plater over a bed of cementconcrete (l :4 :8) 100 nrm thick. The rernaining part of the basement is filled and compactedwith sand.

.1. Super structure ancl roofing : All the walls are taken to a height of 3200 rnm and are200 mrn thick.

Roofing consists of R.C.C. slab roofins 120 mm tlrick and projected by 200 mm beyond theouter face of walls.

The roof slab is provided with weather proof course l5 mm thick.

Sun-shades : Continuous sun-shade is provided on front side of the building. Thickness ofsun-shade at the rvall end is 75 nrm and at the free end, thickness is 50 mm.

Isolatedsun-shades are provided over rvindows and extemal doors extending from the R.C.C.lintels kept ever such openings on other three sides.

In tlte above two cases. sunshades are project_ed 600 mm frorn the face of walls.

Lintels : R.C.C. lintels on all openings like doors, wirtdows and cup boards are 150 mmick having a bearing of 150 mm on either side.

Doors, rvindows & cupboards : These are to be provided as per the schedule indicated in the

F r.

D, = l0 DS 20

D,=9DS 18

w==l0wr12

Calcu lations :

Bed roonl : clcar dimensions 3600

'fhickness ol' sLtper structure

centre to centre of wall

centre to centre of rvalls

Living room :

clear dirnensions

Thickness of super structure, walls

concrete of walls (along length)

centre of walls (along width)

x 3600 m

wall -- 200 rnrn

_ 3800 x 3800 mnl

4200 x 3600 mm

200 mm

4200 + 100 + 100

4400 mm

3600 + 100 + 100

3800 mm.

8ED ROOM360c x 36oc

LIVIN G4200 x 3000

A

93.^,--*-*--*-*----PLATE No.l7

WORKING DRAWTNG FOR THf, PURPOSE OF MARKING THE WIDTH OF FOUNDATION FOR EXACATION OF FOUNDATIONS FOR THE C IVEN PLAN

Masonry Pillars

/ 3oo x 3oo x 3oo

m

?*o.' ,.'/A'\'s

\

\CA._..€cy

-'Jo*\ m

INDEX

Outer line of excavation

To be excavated to a depth of 900mrn belo'uv C.L

C.L of super structure wall.

Masonary pillars 300 x 300 (nrrn) llrmly constructed

in ground and min 300 ntm above G.[- on top of which

C.L rnarkings of walls are marked. (not to be disturbed

during construction activify).

Note : All dimensions are in mm.

WORKING DRAWING FOR FOLINDATIOXEXCAUATION FORONE BED ROOM RESIDENCE

" r";>x-%%.

,ax^"u%,

n

t-N[*rpolr*lm

o.-o-.f:. +

<-700

Stairs and Staircases {Chapter-6) 63.-,.\..v\

EXERCISE . T 9

l=HH60ernmrrf200 rrrBed roonl

Kitchen & Dining - 4800 nlm x 2500 rnrn

Bath and Toilet : 2 100 mm x 2500 tttttt

All walls are 200 mm thick in superstructure

Tnbe ligtrts := I + I : 2 No. --= 2 x 40

Draw electrical wire diagram in a single bed roomed residential building as shown indiagram.

Verandah - 2000 mm x 1200 tnltl wide

D-DS 1000 x 2000 mnr Flushed door

Dr

W : WT 1000 x 1200 mtn Glazed windorv

V - ventilator 600 x 450 mm Glazed.

(b) Circuir / .' T'he circuit I is meant to supply power (i) To calling bell, (ii) Lamp at the

entrance (out side the verandah) (iii) Tube light, lamp, fan and one 5 Amp. socket out let. This

circuit I also supplies power to the Hall for one tube light, two lamps, one fan, 2 No. of 5 Amp.

socket out lets.

Total load on circuit I :

Fans - l+ l-2No.-2 x80

:: 80 \,vatts

- 160 watts

r005 Arnp. socket out lets : I + I + I : 3 No. * 3 x

Total

is provided to supply power

780 watts

to bed Room & Kitchen.(c) Circuit 2 : This circuit

Load on circuit 2 :

Lanrps - lr-l+lTubelights-- l-l:2Fans

5 Amp. socket clutlets I +

-3No.No.:1

No.-z

l+l+

-3 x

x40

x80

l:4

60 - I 80 watts

-: 160 watts

- 400 vvatls

the entrance, three switches to control onesocket out let,

socket outlets.

Bed room :Kitchen & Dining --

I Fan ; I Larnp ; I'Tube light one 5 Arnp. socket outlet.

I Fan ; 2 Lamps; I Tube light

I Exhaust Fan ; 2 No. 5 Amp. socket.out lets ;

one l5 Amp. socket out let

one 15 Amp. Socket out let.

l. Metre Board and Distribution Board (M.B and D.B) :

Metre (energe metre), main switch and distribution boards are fixed in the verandah.

(a) No. of circuits : Three circuits are taken from the distribution board as indicated

l, 2 and 3. Circuits I & 2 are meant for fans, lighting and 5 Amp. socket out lets.

The circuit 3 is a power circuit to draw power for l5 Amp. out lets fitted one in the kitchen

Dining and another in the Bath & Toilet.

No. - 4 x 100

Total 820 lvatts

(d) Circuit J .' Is rneant to supply power to l5 Amp. socket outlets one in dining and one

in bath room. One power circuit can be provided for 2000 to 3000 watts consumption by selecting

the suitable diameter of conducting wire.

Note : The exhaust fans and one lamp in bath are not considered since they will consume

little power and will be used (exhaust fans) mostly in day time during which the lighting load

is almost nil.Switch Control & Swtich Boards : There are generally provided at a height of 1.5 m from

floor level and the detalls aregiven below.

1. Out side the verandah: Bell-push, two-way switch to control the lamp provided at theentrance.

2. In the Verandah .' Switch board consists.

One trvo-way switch to control the lamp at

Iamp, one tube light and one fan, and one No. 5 Arnp.

Electrical rtttings

Out side the verandah

ln the verandah

In the hall

In Bath & Toilet

I Bell push ; I Lamp

I Fan;l Larnp;lTubelFan;lLamp;lTube

light 5 Arnp. Socket outlet.

light, Bell point, 2 No. 5 Amp.

In

ln

Livil Engineering Drawing-l (Chapter-6)

3. In lhe Hall : Two switch boards are provided, one near the door and another to theopposite wall(wallbetween Hall & Bath).

The switch board near the door consists,

Three switches to control I larnp, I tube light I fan and oneThe switch board fitted to the apposite wall consistsI tr.vo-way switch tpcontrol the light in the bathroom, I larnp

5 Amp. socket out let.

4. In the Bed room.' One switch board near the door consists.

2 No. of two-way switches to control fan and tube light from another board where bed isprovided. 1 No. of switch to control the lamp, one No. of 5 Arnp. socket out let.

Another switch board near the bed consits two No. of two-way switches to control the fanand tube light and one No. of 5 Amp. out let socket.

In Kitchen and Dining : Three switch boards are provided in which one is providedwith 4 switches to control, two lamps, one tube light and one fan. One No. 5 Amp. socket out - letis also provided. Second swtich board conists one switch to control exhaust fan and one 5 Amp.socket out-let. Third switch board is fitted with l5 Amp. and 5 Amp. socket out-lets.

In Bath and Toilet : One l5 Amp. socket outlet to the power circult on one board. Anotherconsisting one two-way switch, one switch to control the light and exhaust fan.

Symbols used :

Lamp point

Fan with outlet point

Tube light

One way switch

Two - way switch

5 Amp. socket out let

l5 Amp. socket out let

Bellpush

Electrical wiring lay out in a single bed roomed housc

5 Amp. socket out let

in the passage ancJ one No. ofKITCHEN AND

DINII{G

4800 x 3500

BED3300 x 3000

o@ t-:-1+---_--lL

BATH&

TOILET2100 , 2500

3600 x 3200

je#

GD VER.

'- Verandah 2000 x 1200 wtDE

All Walls are 2AO thick ELECTRICAL- WIRING LAYO UT

All dimensions are in mm.

Bell point unit

Exhaust fan

D1

WGWGD

r ilusne

Door flushedWindow GlazedM.S. Grill WindowM.S. Grill Door

x 00

1 800

1200x 12AO

x 2000

750 x

1000 x

= 1500

= 1000

M. B. = Metre Board

D. B. = Distribution Tank

L = LampF = Flurescent Lamp

JII

= tri?

A:

3 a 3

)c

iiii ciJ

iaiq

2.25m

Machine R

oom

aFf

a

ZrdFJ^r T

TM

inimum

Height 2.135

ItR

.C.C

Slab lf

2O0m

m

I

rhck IIII

Trap D

oor

Roof S

lab 1 50 m

m T

hick

mTop F

loor

Floor to F

loor 3.3m

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66 Civil Engineering Drawing-l II

ffi Q'12 what is cross-vertiuiion t IAns: Ananging windows in opposite valls such that one is at lower level than the oth€r and also I

Q.l What is merDt by ;'Grouping" in r building plarnirg ? Give atr exrmpl€. not opposite to each other provides cross ventilation. IAns: Considedng relaliotship between spaces in a building is called "Crouping". An example is Q.l3 What is FAR ? Whrt is the purpose of liring { vslue for FAR ? Ilocating adiningroom close to a kitchen is Srouping Ans: Floor ares mtio is shoftly called FAR.lt is the quotienl obtained bydividingrhetoral clvered I

Q,2 Wbet is meant by 'rAspect" i!! planning of, residential builditrg ? area (plinth area) st all the floors by the a.ea ofthe plot. !Ans: Aranging doors and wirdows id such a way in external walls ofa residential building so Tolal covered area ofall floors I

thal residenls ofthe building enjoy natural wind, sunshine and scenery. i.e.,. FAR = |

Q.3 What should be lhe 'Aipoct" of r bedroom ? I

An!: west or south-west or north-west aspect is good fo. a bedroom. FAR restrrcts the height of building and number of storeys The eenerel ''nse

of FA R for I

e.4 whrt is mo.nt by irtenal priv.cy in r residentiar building ? r€sidential building is I to 2' -

|

Atrs: rhe intemar privacy means, screenins interior or one room rrom other rooms or parb or o t' :1;li1,TfiT'"ltJJ ;:illll.ttl ;ljfi:lY:l :"T:.:"ff Hil:i::',{ ibuilding. 150 !q,D. -

|

Q,5 Whcre do you locate r door to achieve dore privacy in a room ? _ - _ 11

Ads: A double shutter door at comer of long wall of the room provides more privacy. Ansr F.A.R = 2 = Total floot area in all floors

IQ.6 Area ofa rcom is being srme which shape i.e., rect ngular or squ.re shaDe ia Dref-

Plot ar€a Ii

erable for ihe room ? ... Total floor ar€a in all floors = 2 x plotarea I{1j.i

Ansi Arrificial ventilation is rccommended when the numhr of persons occupying a room is .' Number floors = Giiir," oo* =f;6F.=qlot Imore than 50 or wherc space for occupant is less than 3m3' ... Maximum height ofbuilding csnnot be moft than 4 storeys. IQ.8 Whrt is me.nt by "Elegrnce" ! ^Ans: The eftbct produced by elevation is k4own as eregance. Q'15 whrt il meant by rrPlintb'r ? How much is dinimun pllnth height ? I

e.e wh.r is prcrenbte ,rtio berwcer tensrh ond rvidth or ! room ? ^*' ll;ff*L$i":ST;,yil: ff;lJ*;ffort'e surrounaii srouna

'nd surface

tAnsi Length to width ratio should be between l'2:l td l5:1 e.16 Mrke out the difference bctw€eo ',height of storey,, rud ,,height of roomn. fi

bctween a drirwing room rrd dirirg room ? - - next above it is called "height ofstorey,,. fAns: There will be flexibility in usage space ' The vertical distance measured fiom the finished floor surface to the finished ceilinp sur- I

Q.tl How much ahrll be rre. cfwisdews in a room ? fee is lalowfi s dle room hcidrr

. I I Q.l7 What is the FAR for a rosidential buildirg of typM coNtructiotr ? IAns: The area ofwindows shall be l0 to

15 offloor area ofthe room ADs: FAR for a residential building ofq/pe-4 conshuction is 1.0. I

I

I

.:)

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

Ans: Rectangular room is preferable th.n square room. = 2 x 15 x 20 = 600m'z. XlQ.7 Wbe0 do you recommend artilicirl ventiletion ? 600., 600m, I., Number floors = : =-:4Nos. !

Short Answer Ouostions

Q,lt Whst is'rloft'r ? What rre the limitations i[ providing r loft ? Q.24 As per NBC rvhat is "covered arer" ?

Ans: Loft is an int€rior floor b€tween two floors. Ans: Ground ar€a covered by building immediately above plinth level is called covered area.

Lofls shall have a minimum head room of 2.2rn. Loff in a habitable room shall not cover Q.25 What is set-b.ck line ?

loft shall be !j5m on bath rooms, water- beyond wiich nothing can be constructed towards the plot boundaries.closets and conidors, the loft can cover 100 percent. q.z6 wtrat is meant oy te-tesenren

Q.l9 What should be th€ minimum ond mrximum llumbcr of steps in r night ? Ad: The lower storey ofa building below or partly below the ground level.Ars: Any flight should have a minimum of3 stePs and a maximum of 15 steps. e,27 In rn rre, FAR is rot applicable. lo such a crse rvh.t shrll be maximum beight of tQ.20 Wh.t should be the clerr hesd room in r strir crse ? building ?

Ans: The minimum clear head rcom in any stair casg shall b€ 2.2m. Ans: Maximum height of the building shall not exceed 1.5 times the widlh of road abutting plus

Q.2l what is mernt by a building line ? front open space'

Ans: A building is defined as the line upto which the plinth ofa building, adjoining ! sreet or an Q'28 whrt ere the lirnitttions in providing r "Mt?ztin€ floor" ?

67\-4'4-

Ans:

Q.23

extension of a street or a street that may come up in future, rnay lawfully extend.

Q.22 What should be the maximum and minimum height of parapets/hand rails on theedges of roof terraces, balconies, verandahs etc. ?

Parapets and hand-rails provided on the edges of roof terraces, balconies, verandahs etc.,

shall not be less than 1.05m and not more than 1.20m in height from the finished floor level.

If you are required to select a plot for a three storeyed residential building havingfour flats of 150 sq.m in each floors, what is the minimum size of plot required as perNBC 1983 ? FAR applicable is 1.5.

Ans: Plinth area of building at ground floor

Add 25% for stair case and access _

Total area _Assume a plot size 25m x 30 - 7 50sq.m

Asslming a clearance of 3m in front, sidex 36rn

600x3 1800Then FAR

Ans: Area of Mezzanine floor is restricted to I of the area of floor on which it is hanging or over

Q.29

Ans:

Q.30

Ans:

Q.3 I

Ans: Set back may be defined as frontage margin or open space in front of the abutting street or

road. It is also referred to as a "building line".

Q.32 What are the r-estric-tions in providing frontage ?

Ans: Each site shall have a minimum frontage of 6m on any street. For row housing schemes the

minimum frontage may be 5.5m.

Q.33 What are the minimum width of a stair for rbsidential building and public building ?

Ans: The minimum width of stair for a residential building is 900mm. The minimum width of stair

for a public building is l000mm width of landing shpuld never be less than width of stair.

looking. The maximum height of Mezzanine floor is 2.2m.

Mention any four spaces which are not considered while determining covered area.

(i) Unstoreyed porch and portico

(ii) Uncovered stair cases

(iii) Weii ar"i w'e ll structures

(iv) Guiley pit are some of the spaces not included under covered area.

What is street line ?

Street line is the line defining the side limits of a street.

What is set back ?

4 x 150 - 600 sq.m

150 sq.m

600 + 150 - iSO sq.m

and OurO.ride of plot - (25 + 6) " (30 + 6)

:

:3lm

But FAR is restricted to 1.5 as per local bye-law

600x3Size of the plot: ? -1200sq.m.

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