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Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms!

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Page 1: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms!

Page 2: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Why Classify?

• So we can understand other organisms better

• So we know the needs of living things

• So we can more easily identify new species

Page 3: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

All life is first classified into three very large groups called

Domains.

Page 4: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

The three domains are then broken down into smaller groups called

Kingdoms.

Domains

Kingdoms

Page 5: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• The grouping of organisms into KINGDOMS is based on 3 factors:

– 1. Cell Type– 2. Cell Number– 3. Feeding Type

Notice these are three of the categories at the top of your chart.

Page 6: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

1. Cell Type- The presence or absence of a nucleus.

Prokaryotes (NO nucleus) & Eukaryotes (DO carry a nucleus)

Page 7: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

2. Cell number - Whether the organisms exist as single cells or as many cells

•Unicellular- single celled organism

•Multicellular- many celled organism

Page 8: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Unicellular • Multicellular

Page 9: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

3. Feeding Type - How the organisms get their food

–Autotroph or Producer

•Makes it’s own food–Heterotroph or Consumer•Must eat other organisms to survive

Page 10: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

As we go through the PowerPoint Fill in the chart with the correct information

about each of the 6 kingdoms. Remember for

each kingdom your want to find:Cell Type – Prokaryotic OR Eukaryotic

Cell Number – Single celled OR Multi celled

Feeding Type – Autotrophic OR Heterotrophic

How organisms in that kingdom are important to us

Page 11: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

The 6 kingdoms are...

Archaebacteria – bacteria that live in harsh conditionsEubacteria – bacteria that live in normal conditionsProtista – organisms made of one eukaryotic cellFungi – mushrooms and molds

Plantae – all plants including trees, bushes, and flowersAnimalia – all animals including insects

Page 12: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

6 Kingdoms Cell Type• Archaebacteria• Eubacteria• Protista• Fungi• Plantae• Animalia

Prokaryotes

Eukaryotes

Page 13: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Kingdom Archaebacteria

•Ancient bacteria-– Live in very

harsh environments

Page 14: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Kingdom Eubacteria

• It is the eubacteria that most people are talking about when they say bacteria, because they live in more normal conditions like the human body or pond water.

Page 15: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Both - Types of Bacteria

•ALL bacteria are single celled, prokaryotes so they are very simple organisms

Page 16: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Both -Bacterial Feeding•Some bacteria are

autotrophs and can photosynthesize like a plant.

•Some bacteria are heterotrophs that catch their food

Page 17: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Kingdom Protista

• Protists include many single celled organisms, like slime molds, protozoa and primitive algae.

Odds & Ends Kingdom

Page 18: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Protists• There are animal-like, fungus-like, and plant-

like protists

• Some are beneficial (clean water / kill bacteria)

• Protists are found in lakes and ponds

• Some protists can cause diseases in humans, such as malaria.

Page 19: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Protists Feeding Style

•Protists can be autotrophs or heterotrophs

Page 20: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Kingdom Fungi• The Kingdom Fungi

includes some of the most important organisms.

• By breaking down dead organic material, they continue the cycle of nutrients through ecosystems.

Page 21: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Fungi• All fungi are eukaryotic

• They may be unicellular or multicellular

• Found in wet areas

Unicellular (yeast)

Multicellular

Page 22: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Fungi• Fungi can be

very helpful and delicious

• Many antibacterial drugs are derived from fungi

Penicillin

Page 23: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Fungi• Fungi also causes a number of

plant and animal diseases:

•Athlete's Foot

Page 24: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Fungi• Ringworm

Page 25: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Fungi Feeding• All fungi are

heterotrophs - decomposers

• They absorb nutrients from dead organic matter

Page 26: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Kingdom Plantae• All plants are

multicellular organisms.

• They are made of Eukaryotic cells that have a cell wall.

• They get food through photosynthesis so they are autotrophs.

Page 27: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Mosses

Page 28: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Liverworts & Hornworts

Page 29: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Ferns

Page 30: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Conifers (cone bearing)– Gymnosperms

•Oldest vascular plants

Page 31: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Flowering plants– Angiosperms

Page 32: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Kingdom Animalia• All animals are multicellular

• They are made of the more complex Eukaryotic cells.

• All are heterotrophs that are capable of movement at some point in their lives to catch food.

Page 33: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Some important animal groups (phyla) are the:

Page 34: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Porifera: sponges

Page 35: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Cnidarians: Jellyfish, corals, and other stingers. . . Their stinger is called a nematocyst

Page 36: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Nematocyst

Page 37: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Mollusks– Octopi, squid– Clams, oysters– Snails, slugs

Page 38: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Platyhelminthes (flat worms)– Tapeworms & flukes

Human liver fluke

Page 39: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Annelids (segmented worms)– Worms & leeches

Page 40: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Echinoderms– Starfish, sea urchins, sea

cucumbers

Page 41: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Arthropods– Shell fish, arachnids & BUGS!

Page 42: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

• Chordates– The Chordata is the animal phylum

with which everyone is most familiar, since it includes humans and other vertebrates.

Page 43: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

Now That you are familiar with how we classify organisms,

complete your thinking map.First, label the three domains.

Next list the kingdoms under each domain and illustrate an example

of organisms that belong to that kingdom in the box.

Page 44: Classification of Life…sooooo many organisms! Why Classify? So we can understand other organisms better So we know the needs of living things So we can

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