Cloning and the Genome Cloning and the Genome ProjectProject

July 5 1996,Dolly,the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell was born

IVF(in-vitro IVF(in-vitro fertilization)fertilization)July 25 1978, Robert Edwards

made the human’s egg fertilized in the test tube

It means that the human can be fertilized and form new lives outside the womb

He won the Nobel Prize in medicine in 2010

Test tube babiesTest tube babiesThe progress removes ova(eggs)

from the woman's ovaries and letting  sperm  fertilize them in a fluid medium. The fertilized egg (zygote) is then transferred to the patient's uterus with the intent to establish a successful pregnancy.

Cloned animalsCloned animalsA sheep can be cloned ,how

about the human? In theory,it is possible,but it will

involve many ethical problems.Imagine that one day you go home and find a people who looks exactly the same with you is having dinner with your family!!!What should you do?

Should human cloning be legalized?

Benefits? 1. Infertility 2. Curing Diseases 3. Body Replacements 4.Genetic Illness

Disadvantages? 1. Religion 2. Sub-Human 3. Embryos at Risk

VocabularVocabularyy

Mammary 乳房的 Denoting or relating to the human female breasts

or the milk-secreting organs of other mammalsEwe 母羊 Ethical 倫理上的Genome 基因組 The complete set of genes or

genetic material present in a cell or organism

Enucleated 去核的 Remove the nucleus from (a cell)

Infertile 不孕的 (of a person, animal, or plant) Unable to

reproduce

Gestated 孕育 Carry (a fetus) in the womb from conception

to birth

Fetus 胚胎 An unborn offspring of a mammal

Embryo 胚胎

Preimplantation 胚胎植入前 Occurring between the fertilization of an

ovum and its implantation in the wall of the uterus

Discarding 拋棄 Get rid of (someone or something) as no longer

useful or desirableKinship 親屬關係 Blood relationship

Somatic-cell 體細胞 Any cell of a living organism other than the

reproductive cells

Gamete 配子 A mature haploid male or female germ cell

that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote

Prenatal 胎兒期的 Before birth; during or relating to pregnancy

Abortion 流產 The expulsion of a fetus from the uterus by

natural causes before it is able to survive independently