co2 microbubbles for improved sequestration and eor · drawbacks of co 2 - eor 3 adverse mobility...
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CO2 Microbubbles for Improved Sequestration and EOR
Japan Trivedi, U of A
Japan Trivedi, PhD ([email protected]) Assistant Professor School of Petroleum Engineering University of Alberta
Alternate to conventional CO2 injection
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Objectives Storage: Replace the traditional CO2 injection into oil and gas reservoirs Alternative Safe and Secure method Leakage risk minimized Improved oil/gas recovery !!!
Capture : CO2 / Flue gas as microbubbles - colloidal gas bubbles Storage : Inject into oil/gas reservoirs
Team Japan Trivedi, Ergun Kuru, Phillip Choi - UofA Mingzhe Dong - UofC
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Drawbacks of CO2 - EOR
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Adverse mobility contrast - Viscous Fingering – Gas bypassing Poor displacement Early breakthrough
Gravity override : Poor vertical sweep
Needs for CO2 – thickeners !!! CO2 soluble Polymers – rare and expensive
CO2 microbubbles or Polymer enhanced foam (It’s not conventional foam)
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Introduction
Structure of an aqueous colloidal gas aphron (after Gaurina-Medimuric and Pasic)
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How Does CO2 microbubble Help?
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Ensures more even flooding in heterogeneous reservoirs
reduces the viscosity of the oil up to 97%. Slow movement – longer oil contact than CO2
gas, which has to be injected multiple times to have the same effect.
Its higher viscosity allows a more uniform push.
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Part – 1 : CO2 microbubble generation
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Polymer / Surfactant Screening Shear rheology and LSRV Stability of bubbles over time Bubble size (frequency) distribution
Bulk and porous media stability
Microbubbles Foam
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Part – 2 : Stability under reservoir conditions
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High pressure – high temperature sustainability Tested up to 3000 psi and 75 deg C
Stable, compressible and regains shape after releasing pressure
not easily movable – hence leakage risk is extremely low
Alternative use: Microbubbles can be compressed and pumped downhole to be used as Drilling fluid Fracturing fluid for shale gas
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After pressurizing 2000 psi
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Under confinement – Stable and Compressible
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Part – 3: Why CO2 microbubble for EOR?
Higher viscosity & stability than regular foams
Good blocking ability & stable displacing front (for fractures)
Shear-thinning fluid – improves injectivity Safe CO2 sequestration
Suitable for Heavy oil recovery after Water flood and also in high permeability reservoirs
Good for heavy oil reservoir
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Conventional CO2 Foam EOR Produced Sample
CO2 foam (SAG) @ diff PV
Direction of flow
Sand pack
Low Recovery Easy Separation of fluids
The heavy crude turns from black to brown - an indication of a sharp viscosity drop and the oil is pushed out by the CO2 foam. 10
Free CO2 Gas
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CO2 Microbubble EOR Sand pack Foamy Samples after breakthrough
SHOWS stability even after flow through reservoir
CO2 PEF @ diff PV
Direction of flow
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CO2 Microbubble EOR - Produced fluid
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Early oil production consisted of water-in-oil emulsion and free gas. Later, the oil was produced as oil-in-water emulsion and gas bubbles
(foam).
early oil production
Late oil production
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Is it safe to store inside porous media?
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Microscopic images of ini/ally Produced foamy sample
Produced sample from CO2 microbubble
injec/on a:er many days
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Pressure required for leakage is ~10 times higher than foam and ~100 times higher than CO2 gas
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Graduate Students Mousumi Ghosh Shivana Samuels (now with AER) Santhosh Veerabhadra (now with SRC) Ankit Doda Ali Telmadarreie