U.S. HistorySTAAR

E.O.C. Review

Name: Teacher____________________________________ Period_________________________

APUSH--Gandy

2

Alexis de Tocqueville said these values are crucial to America’s success.

Then, what is the importance of Democratic Process—Civic Responsibility? “Building a

More Perfect Union”

Lobbying:

Non-violent protest:

Litigation:

Amendments:

5. Liberty

4. Egalitarianism —Equality—

Laissez-Faire —Free enterprise—

2. Individualism

3. Populism —Popular Sovereignty—

Describe with words or pictures how each of Alexis de

Tocqueville’s five values are important to U.S. democracy.

Founding Fathers’ Line-up1. Explain the significance of these Founding Fathers to the formation of the United States. Create a symbol to

help you remember the last 6 people.2. Using the twitter pages from the Moodle Review, who would these Founding Fathers follow and who would

follow them?

Benjamin Rush John Hancock

John Jay John Witherspoon

John Peter Muhlenberg Charles Carroll

Jonathan Trumball, Sr. John Locke

George Washington Thomas Jefferson

3

Charters of FreedomDeclaration of Independence Constitution Bill of Rights

When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.

We hold these truths to be self eviden‐ t, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.‐‐That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, That ‐‐whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government

We the People of the United States, in Order to form amore perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domesticTranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

The Conventions of a number of the States, having at the time of their adopting the Constitution, expressed adesire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added.

Amendment V

No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.

In your own words… In your own words… In your own words…

Importance… Importance… Importance…

4

Principles of the U.S. Constitution

Protections of the Bill of

Checks & Balances— 1 Freedom of _________religionassemblypresspetition

2 right to bear ______

Federalism— 3 no quartering of troops

4 no unreasonable _______ and _______

Separation of Powers— 5 no self-incrimination no double jeopardy grand jury eminent domain. . . the government can take over _______ with just compensation

6 trial by _____ right to a _______ speedy trial

Limited Government— 7 trial by jury (civil cases)

Republicanism— 8 no cruel and unusual ___________

Popular Sovereignty— 9 rights of the people are not limited to those in the Constitution

Individual Rights— 10 all powers not specified in the Constitution

are given to the _______

Explain these in your own words or draw an image that reflects the meaning

Fill in the blanks

5

What was the Klondike Gold Rush?

How did mining impact western expansion?

Farm Issues:

List challenges of the frontier— Eventual economic problems—

Barbed wire impact— Populists—

Railroads: What impact did the railroad industry have on settlement?

Which Railway connected east with the west?

Homestead Act: made land available to settlers. What impact did this have on settlement of the West?

6

What role did ranchers play in western expansion? (cattle industry boom)

What was Manifest Destiny?

How did this change demographic patterns?

Indian Wars: much conflict erupted as settlement pushed westward. What did the U.S. government do to attempt to solve the conflict?

Explain the Dawes Act:

7

IMMIGRATION

Push factors? _________________ Pull factors? __________________

New immigrants from southern/eastern Europe

What was nativism? ______________________________

Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)—What was the economic impact?___________________________

Social Gospel –

TECHNOLOGY Elevator Telephone/telegraph Oil drilling Bessemer Process Electricity How did technology impact

business?

URBANIZATION Rural to urban-Why did

people move? Rapid growth brought

problems:o Overcrowdingo Sanitation problemso Tenementso Infrastructureo Corruption

POLITICAL MACHINES Who was the famous

political boss of Tammany Hall, NYC?________________

Corruption Bribery

BUSINESS Free enterprise, laissez-faire government and abundant resources caused —

__________________

Led to growth of industry / corporations / trusts / monopolies

Entrepreneurso Andrew W. Carnegie - Gospel of

Wealth (philanthropy)o John Rockefeller – Standard Oil

List workplace abuses—

________________________________

o Why was this called the Gilded Age? ___________________

o What was Social Darwinism? ________________________

What are some characteristics of the time?

Progressive Era Instructions: Trace the problems to the reform and then explain the impact.

Problem Muckraker Reform What impact did the reform

have?

Economic

1. Monopolies/trusts

2. Banks

3. Laissez-faire government

Ida Tarbell

Theodore Roosevelt

Woodrow Wilson

Business regulation:o Interstate Commerce Acto Sherman Anti-Trust Acto Clayton Anti-Trust

Federal Reserve Act 1913—Established the Federal Reserve System to help with economic issues

16th Amendment—____________ Tax

Social

1. Civil Rights

2. Suffrage

3. Working conditions

4. Living conditions

5. Consumer safety

Ida B. Wells W.E.B. DuBois Elizabeth Cady

Stanton

Susan B. Anthony Jane

Addams, Jacob RiisBooker T. Washington

Upton Sinclair wrote —The Jungle

NAACP

19th Amendment

Settlement houses Education Meat Inspection Act Pure Food and ______ Act

Labor Unions — AFL, Knights of Labor

Political

1. Government corruption

2. Amendments

Lincoln Steffens Robert LaFollette

Initiative— Recall—

Referendum— Direct Primary—

17th Amendment— Civil Service Reform—

Environment

1. Abuse of natural _____________

Teddy Roosevelt

John Muir

National Park Service Act— National Park System—

8

American ImperialismFrom Isolationism to Expansionism

Why? Examples:

Ä Militaryo Alfred T. Mahan argued for a

strong _____ in his book “Influence of Sea Power Upon History”

o Protection of territorieso Refueling portso Increase trade

Ä Economic/Politicalo Need for raw materials and

markets.o Open Door Policy— U.S.

declares continued trade with _______.

o Boxer Rebelliono Dollar Diplomacy— Taft’s

idea to give ____________ support to other countries.

o Roosevelt Corollary of the Monroe Doctrine— justified sending U.S. troops to intervene in Central America.

Ä Socialo Spread of American

institutionso Missionary zeal

White Man’s Burden

Ä Annexation of Hawaiio _____________ B. Doleo Missionarieso Military Port

Ä Commodore Perry opens Japan to trade

Ä Henry Cabot Lodge and Theodore Roosevelt pushed for expansionism— what is that?

Ä How was this different from previous U.S. foreign policy?

Ä Panama Canalo Huge undertaking that

Theodore Roosevelt oversawo Improved trade and military

movemento Malaria/challenges of

geography

Think About It: How did these events move the U.S. into the position as a world power?

9

Who?

Yellow journalism—Pulitzer and Hearst newspapers used this exaggerated form of journalism

10

USS Maine sinks and the U.S. blames ________

Why?

DéLome letter calls President

McKinley weak. Americans are

____________

__________________________

U.S. vs. Spain

Turning Point!

Significance U.S. acquired territory from

Spain—Guam, Puerto Rico, and Philippines

Platt Amendment— U.S. could intervene in Cuba

What was the result?

Why is this war considered a turning point?

How? Media—

Yellow journalism increases support

Land—U.S. fought Spain in Cuba and the Phillipines

Sea—U.S. defeats _______ quickly

Where? Havana, _________

San Juan Hill Victory of Rough Riders led by

_________________

Philippines

When? 1898

____________ is sent to Cuba to protect U.S. interests

Explodes and seen as an attack on the U.S.

Spanish American WarReview this short war and its impact by filling in the blanks

Sussex

When? _____________

World War I—Why is this a Turning Point?

Technological Innovations?

Effects of Technological Innovations

Western Front— hundreds of miles of battle front along eastern France

Trench warfare … led to a

Stalemate led to …

Massive casualties

Significance Treaty of Versailles—

Germany reparations and accept guiltWoodrow Wilson’s 14 Points created League of __________

Great Migration U.S. returns to isolationism International instability Espionage Act of 1917/Sedition Act

restricted freedom of _____ Selective Service Act

Who? President Wilson initially declared

neutrality Alliances:

______ vs. _____________

American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) led by _______________

Argonne Forest one of the most famous battles (1918)because ________________________

Alvin York won the ____________ _____ of Honor

Another Turning Point!

Causes?Militarism:Alliances:

Imperialism

Nationalism:

Assassination of — _________________________

When _______

Sussex Pledge

Lusitania is sunk

Germany’s unrestricted ______________ warfare

Ties to Allies

Z____________ Telegram

Reasons for United States Entry

11

The Roaring Twenties(The Great American Mullet)

Instructions: Fill in the importance of each of the following:“Business in the Front” “Change in the Back”

POLITICALÄ “Return to Normalcy” — President Harding’s reduced role of U.S. government / laissez-faire policiesÄHarding & Teapot Dome ScandalÄ18TH Amendment—Prohibition of AlcoholÄ19th Amendment—Ä21st Amendment—ECONOMIC$Economic Boom—How did these impact the Economy?$Mass Production/Assembly Line-

$Henry Ford—

$Laissez-Faire-

$Buying-on-Credit-

SOCIALo Red Scare/Sacco-Vanzetti—

o Growth of nativism-

o Immigration Quota/Citizenship Act of 1924-

o Eugenics-

o Great Migration influenced culture-

o Social Darwinism-survival of the fittest applied

to society and business

SOCIAL—modernism v. traditionalismAdventure—

o Charles Lindbergh—o Glenn Curtiss — Aviation Pioneer that

was 1st to design seaplane that could take off and land on water

Changing Role of Women—o Flappers-o Frances Willard — Temperance

Movemento Women’s Rights Movement

Cultural Values—o Prohibition Organized Crime-o Scopes “Monkey” Trial— clash

between traditionalism and modernism over teaching evolution.

Clarence Darrow William Jennings Bryan

Art, Music & Literatureo Jazz Age – birth of new music-

o Harlem Renaissance Langston Hughes- Marcus Garvey-

o Tin Pan Alley—

o Lost Generation —F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby; Ernest Hemingway; Sinclair Lewis-

12

Great Depression to New DealAmerica’s Road to RecoveryReview this information by completing the blanks and questions.

Why was this a

Turning Point?

1920

’s

Warning Signs— Overproduction Speculation and _________ on margin Buying on credit Bad banking practices Federal trade policies

1929

What was Black Tuesday?

1930

’s

Immediate reactions— People who invested in stock market couldn’t repay loans Bank runs/failures Reduced demand for goods/unemployment

Hoover— Rugged _____________ Believed government involvement should be limited Reconstruction Finance Corp. Mexican Repatriation Act— Hoover passed act to send Mexican

American immigrants to their home country Hoovervilles

Effects of the Great Depression—no safety net at the time Widespread unemployment Business failures Foreclosures Homelessness – hobos Americans looked to government to solve economic problems

Dust Bowl— Where? Why? Impact? Dorothea Lange—photographer who captured the difficulties

FDR is elected (1932)— Promised a New Deal- turning point in government involvement in the

economy “Fireside Chats” reassured Americans Eleanor Roosevelt —political activist Frances Perkins – 1st female U.S. Cabinet member as Secretary of Labor

New Deal provided— Relief—bank holiday—CCC, PWA, WPA, (Alphabet Soup) programs Recovery —support production Reform—FDIC; Security Exchange Commission; Social Security Act

Opposition— A number of people were critical of FDR’s New Deal including constitutional challenges

that the federal government was overstepping its powerFDR’s Court-packing—

FDR plan to add appointed justices to the Supreme Court to vote in favor of New Deal Viewed as challenge to separation of powers

New Monetary Policy— Moved from gold standard to fiat (paper) money to expand money supply and stimulate

economy 13

FDR’sNEW DEALInstructions: What is important about the

following—Relief(Short-term)

Is like —

Recovery(Stimulus)

Is like —

Reform(Systematic)

Is like —Bank Holiday:

Emergency Mortgage Loans:

Work Relief Programs:

National Recovery Administration:

Agricultural Adjustment Administration:

Social Security Administration:

Securities & Exchange Commission:

Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.:

Tennessee Valley Authority:

14

Decreased spending

Decreased wages

Unemployment

Increased spending

Increased employment

Increased wages

All of these are in effect

today!

WORLD WAR II

Turning Point!

15

Dec.7, 1941 Pearl

Harbor attacked

1942 Battle of Midway

Aug.1945 Atomic bombs

dropped

Place the starred events below and its date in the correct location on the map. Then

write the importance of each in the boxes below.

European Theatre

Adolf Hitler—Nazi leader of Germany; extreme nationalism; wanted Europe Benito Mussolini—fascist leader of Italy Joseph Stalin—established totalitarian dictatorship in Soviet Union Dictatorship—weak economic and political factors following WWI allowed dictators to seize power Aggression—German invasions Poland, etc.; Italy built-up military; Japan seized much territory in Asia Winston Churchill—prime minister of Great Britain; defiantly defended Britain Fascism—aggressive nationalism; expansion of territory George Patton—commanded U.S. forces invading N. Africa/Sicily Dwight Eisenhower—Supreme ALLIED cOMMANDER in Europe Omar Bradley—Americancommander of D-Day invasion of Omaha and Utah beaches, coast of France D-Day Invasion & Normandy—largest amphibious operation that moved Allies eastward to German strongholds Tuskegee Airmen— African American fighter pilot group that served with distinction; paved way for military integration Holocaust—Nazi murder of nearly 6 million Jewish people Liberation of concentration camps— as Allies advanced into Europe, U.S. Army units were some of the 1st to report camp atrocities

American Home Front: Isolationism to War

Neutrality Acts/Lend Lease Act—

Roosevelt—

Appeasement—

Pearl Harbor—

Executive Order 9066 + Internment Camps—

Office of War Information + Propaganda—

War bonds, rationing, victory gardens—

Volunteering/patriotism—

Enlist—

Mobilization—

Vernon J. Baker—

U.S. entry—

Pacific Theatre Hideki Tojo—

Flying Tigers—

Bataan Death March—

Island-Hopping—

Navajo Code Talkers—

Chester Nimitz—

Douglas Macarthur—

George Marshall—

Battle of Midway—

Atomic bombs dropped—

June 6, 1944, D-Day Invasion

COLD WAR

16

Soviet Responses: Add the significance of each.

Warsaw Pact— Soviet Union and Eastern European alliance to defend each other

Satellite Nations —communist countries of Eastern Europe

Iron Curtain — phrase used by Churchill to describe the division Western and communist Eastern Europe

Berlin Wall — built by the Soviet Union to cut off East Berlin from democratic West Berlin

U.S. Responses: Add the significance of each. Truman Doctrine — support any country fighting communism Containment Policy prevent the spread of communism Marshall Plan —economic support given to countries in Europe NATO/Collective Security —U.S., Canada, & 10 Western European countries pledged to defend each other against communism Domino Theory —intervention in areas that could fall to communism Eisenhower Doctrine —containment policy in the Middle East

Political Characteristics: representative

government multi-party system protected freedoms—

Economic Characteristics

free enterprise system private ownership of

property supply & demand set

prices limited government

involvement

Political Characteristics: communist government one political party restricted freedoms

Economic Characteristics: communist economy no private property government controls

industry

Who was involved?

U.S.S.R. (Soviet Union)United States/

Western Europe

Team Communism

Team Democracy

a

United Nations

A Battle of Ideology

CUBA

Fidel Castro—Which form of government? Communist supported by Soviet Union

Bay of Pigs Invasion—Why? U.S., supported Cuban exiles attempted to overthrow Castro which failed; seen as a foreign policy failure

Cuban Missile Crisis—What happened? Soviet

Vietnam—What was the importance of each? Domino Theory—supported U.S. involvement against communist North Vietnam’s takeover of South Vietnam Gulf of Tonkin Resolution— Congress voted to give Johnson power to militarily stop North Vietnam’s aggression Escalation/combat— Johnson increased troop commitment following Gulf of Tonkin; challenges of combat Roy Benavidez— received Congressional Medal of Honor for valor in rescuing wounded platoon members Tet Offensive— massive attack by Vietcong which led to anti-war movement sentiment Anti-War Movement—discontent about war caused by Tet Offensive, credibility gap, and drawn out conflict Vietnamization— Nixon’s policy to withdraw U.S. troops

China Mao Zedong — What happened in 1949? China became communist

Korean War Containment ÄReasons: communist North Korea invaded democratic South Korea; U.S. intervened

ÄOutcomes: halted North Korean aggression

SOVIET UNIONSputnik—1957 TURNING POINT! Ignites Space Race Arms Race-buildup of weapons between U.S. & Soviet Union Breakup of U.S.S.R.1991

Europe Marshall Plan-economic support for rebuilding of war-torn European countries Berlin Airlift-Western countries support of West Berlin during Soviet blockade Berlin Wall- kept East Germans from West Berlin

UNITED STATES How did life change?

Space Race—increased funding for education & space program Education Priorities—math,science Moon-Landing—continued advancement of science Arms Race—acceleration of defense spending Red-Scare—fear of communism led to internal security issues HUAC—Congressional committee formed to investigate disloyalty Joseph McCarthy senator who led harsh accusations against Americans as a fear of communism Rosenberg Trials—reflected fear of communist spies; couple charged with spying and executed Venona Papers—revealed identities of communist spies including Julius Rosenberg Détente—foreign policy of Nixon which relaxed tension with Soviet Union using diplomacy Star Wars—name given to Reagan’s SDI program to defend U.S. against Soviet missiles

Presidents’ Views?

Truman—containment Eisenhower—domino theory /brinkmanship

Kennedy—flexible response Johnson—domino theory Nixon

CUBA

Fidel Castro—Which form of government? Communist supported by Soviet Union

Bay of Pigs Invasion—Why? U.S., supported Cuban exiles attempted to overthrow Castro which failed; seen as a foreign policy failure

Cuban Missile Crisis—What happened? Soviet

Vietnam—What was the importance of each? Domino Theory—supported U.S. involvement against communist North Vietnam’s takeover of South Vietnam Gulf of Tonkin Resolution— Congress voted to give Johnson power to militarily stop North Vietnam’s aggression Escalation/combat— Johnson increased troop commitment following Gulf of Tonkin; challenges of combat Roy Benavidez— received Congressional Medal of Honor for valor in rescuing wounded platoon members Tet Offensive— massive attack by Vietcong which led to anti-war movement sentiment Anti-War Movement—discontent about war caused by Tet Offensive, credibility gap, and drawn out conflict Vietnamization— Nixon’s policy to withdraw U.S. troops

UNITED STATES How did life change?

Space Race—increased funding for education & space program Education Priorities—math,science Moon-Landing—continued advancement of science Arms Race—acceleration of defense spending Red-Scare—fear of communism led to internal security issues HUAC—Congressional committee formed to investigate disloyalty Joseph McCarthy senator who led harsh accusations against Americans as a fear of communism Rosenberg Trials—reflected fear of communist spies; couple charged with spying and executed Venona Papers—revealed identities of communist spies including Julius Rosenberg Détente—foreign policy of Nixon which relaxed tension with Soviet Union using diplomacy Star Wars—name given to Reagan’s SDI program to defend U.S. against Soviet missiles

Presidents’ Views?

Truman—containment Eisenhower—domino theory /brinkmanship

Kennedy—flexible response Johnson—domino theory Nixon

1950’s Conformity Post-War prosperity led to economic growth for many Americans and pursuit

of the American dream.

Baby Boom —What was the impact?increased number of babies born following WWII provided economic boom

Transportation—Interstate Highway Actsupported economic expansionMigrationMoved South and WestBusiness Growth —Franchises (McDonalds)

Communication (TV)

Science —Polio & Measles vaccine

Advances in surgery

Pop Culture—

What caused this prosperity?

Increased consumption/spendingEconomic prosperity

More leisure time

Non-Conformist Ideas

GI Bill/Servicemen’s Readjustment Act provided—Low cost mortgagesMoney for college

What impact did this have? increased demand for

homes and goods; growth of suburbs

increased education; job opportunities

Fear of Communism”E Pluribus Unum” motto meaning—out of many comes one—became official in 1956

“In God We Trust” national motto adopted in 1956

Religious resurgence—Growth of churches

Beat Generation

Jack Kerouac

Housing BoomGrowth of the—

suburbs

Levittown

Legislation/Landmark Court

Cases

Civil War Amendments: 13th —abolished slavery

14th —granted citizenship to all persons born in U.S.

15th — gave African American men the right to vote

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) — established the constitutionality of “separate-but-equal”Mendez v. Westminster (1947) —court stated Hispanic students could not be segregated in CaliforniaExecutive Order 9981, (1948) —abolished segregation in the military (Truman)Delgado v. Bastrop I.S.D. (1948) —Texas case that ruled segregation of Hispanic students

Legislation (cont.)

Hernandez v. Texas (1954) —stated that Hispanics could not be excluded from juriesBrown v. Board of Education (1954) — ruled segregation in public schools illegalCivil Rights Act of 1957 — Eisenhower’s effort to expand voting rights for African AmericansCivil Rights Act of 1964 — prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion, or ethnicity in the workplace24th Amendment — (prohibited poll taxes in federal elections)1965 Voting Rights Act — ended poll taxes and literacy tests to prevent discrimination in voting practicesAffirmative Action (1965) — increased minority representation in colleges some businessesEdgewood ISD v. Kirby (1984) —court ruled Texas must revise its school funding system

EventsFounding of NAACP (1909)—W.E.B. DuBois —Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955-56)—year- long protest over segregated bus system in Montgomery, AlabamaLittle Rock Nine (1957) — 9 African American students who were escorted by federal troops to Central High School to enforce integrationSit-Ins (1960-61) — peaceful protests against segregated lunch countersFreedom Rides (1961)— efforts to end segregation on public transportation by interracial groups riding busesJames Meredith (`1962)— federal troops sent to support integration of University of MississippiLetter from Birmingham Jail (1963)-outlined Dr. King’s views on civil disobedience as means to enact changeMarch on Washington (1963) —MLK gave his famous “I Have a Dream” speechSelma March (1965) — protest march for voting rights that helped gather support for Voting Rights Act of 1965 because of white violence

19

Southern DemocratsLester Maddox

Orval FaubusGeorge Wallace

INSTRUCTIONS:

Review the events by

providing the importance of

Road to the Civil Rights Movement

illegalSweatt v. Painter (1950) —Supreme Court decision against UT for establishing a separate law school for African Americans

Civil Rights MovementINSTRUCTIONS: Review the different approaches and leadership of various reform efforts by completing the organizer

African Americans Women Hispanic Americans

American Indian

“Status Quo”Existing System

Martin Luther King, Jr.

Civil Disobedience —peaceful protest of unjust laws

Influenced by — Gandhi

Gathered widespread support by — speeches writings peaceful

protests

Famous Quotes/Speeches

“I Have a Dream”

Letter from a Birmingham jail

Turning Point —o Assassinated 1968

Malcolm X

Views — questioned the

views of Dr. King and became a symbol of black power movement along with Stokely Carmichael

Influenced by — Nation of Islam

which advocated black nationalism

later broke away from the organization

Assassinated 1965

Black Panthers

Views — believed a

revolution was needed to gain equal rights

more militant

Community –based political organization— attempted to

provide greater local opportunities for African Americans

Leaders— Huey Newton Eldridge

Cleaver

Betty Friedanwrote — The Femine Mystique

National Organization for Women (NOW) formed in 1966

to promote women’s rights

Gloria Steinam —Ms Magazine

Roe v. Wade (1973)legalized —

abortion

Equal Pay Act — required equal

pay for equal work

Title IX (1972) — banned

discrimination against females in educational institutions

Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huertaled the United —

Farm Workers(UFW)

o Boycotts

Hector P. Garcia started GI Forum for —

Veterans rights.

LULAC — League of

United Latin American Citizens created to fight Hispanic discrimination

La Raza Unida — political party

organization in Texas to mobilize Hispanic voters

Chicano Mural Movement — art work to

promote Hispanic culture during 1960s

American Indian Movement (AIM) — attempt to call

attention to Native American discrimination

Alcatraz

Wounded Knee

Introduced term Native American

and

brought attention to discrimination and bias

20

Great Society Anti-War Movement

Domestic Program

War on Poverty

Programs created to give economic opportunity

—Medicare/Medicaid helped the elderly and poor access health care

—Head Start/Child Nutrition Act

Programs were costly/expanded role of government

Miranda v. Arizona

Immigration Act of 1965

DOVES HAWKS

Credibility gap —lack of trust caused by differences seen between reality of war and government statements Pentagon Papers —revealed government officials questioned war while publicly supporting it Draft —caused anti-war sentiment 26t h Amendment — lowered voting age to 18 Role of the media— presented reality of war Silent Majority— citizens who supported Nixon but were not outspoken

21

Some adopted

attitude of rebellion

Challenged materialism and the “establishment”

Youth CultureLed to —

New lifestyles — communes, hippies

New fashion

Use of illegal drugs

Music

Brought renewed

hope

Peace Corps

“Ask not what your

country can do for

you, but what you can do for your

country.”

New FrontierSpace Race —U.S. on Moon

Promoted space program

Improved lives as a result

—Advances in technology

—Communication

—New products

—GPS

Winds of Social Change (1960’s)

Connect the kite with the correct photo and then add a

Report Card on the 1970s PresidentsPresident Describe the topic or event Give them

a GradeExample:Nixon-R

DétenteNixon’s foreign policy to relax Cold War tension with the Soviet Union and China through diplomacy

A

Nixon Normalization in Relations with ChinaForeign policy designed to open communication with China by restoring diplomatic relations

Nixon First Amendment RightsTinker v. Des Moines (1968): 1st Amendemt free speech case supporting students’ rights to wear anti-war armbands Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972): Amish parents freedom of religion protected against state requirement for school attendance

Nixon Environmental Protection Act (EPA) / Endangered Species ActEnvironmental Protection Act (EPA): Law that sets air/water pollution standards Endangered Species Act: Protection of plants/animals that face extinction

Nixon Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)Approved by Congress in 1972 but not ratified by the states

Nixon War Powers ActSet limits on presidential power to commit U.S. troops in a conflict without Congress’ approval

Nixon Fall of SaigonFollowing U.S. withdrawal, North Vietnam took over South Vietnam and united the country under communism

Nixon Watergate ScandalPolitical scandal that began with a break-in at Democratic Party headquarters; escalated into a Nixon cover-up, included Oval Office tapes; ended with Nixon’s resignation

Ford-R Pardon of NixonEffort to put the Watergate Scandal behind by pardoning Nixon angered some Americans

Carter-D Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Formed by oil producing countries in 1960 to manage global oil prices Department of Energy Organized to deal with the oil crisis

Carter Community Reinvestment ActRequired banks to offer loans in all communities to support inner city restoration

Carter Panama Canal TreatyAgreement resumed control of the Canal Zone to Panama with full control of canal given by 2000

Carter Camp David AccordsHistoric peace treaty signed between Egypt and Israel

Carter Iran Hostage CrisisAmerican hostages taken in Iran by students angry over U.S. support of the Shah and for supporting Israel

22

Republican (1989-1993)

George BushRonald ReaganRepublican (1981-1989)

23

Republican (1989-1993)Republican (1981-1989)

Bill Clinton1993-2001

George W. Bush2001-2009

Barack Obama2009-2017

EconomicIssues

Attempted health care reform with Hillary Clinton leading task force – did not pass Congress

Supported welfare reform, lower taxes, and stricter crime prevention measures

GATT — Changed to World Trade Organization

NAFTA— impacted trade in N. America

Financial Crisis of 2008 led to—

Home foreclosures Fear of financial failures Emergency Economic Stabilization Act (2008) gave billions of dollars to prevent banks and businesses from failing

Ä American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 gave economic stimulus$700 billion spent by federal government to support economy

Ä Banking and credit reformLegislation to support credit card and lending practices 2000 Election — What was unique?

Gore won popular vote; Supreme Court stopped Florida recount giving Bush the electoral college win

2001 Terrorist Attack —Turning PointWorld Trade Center and Pentagon attacked by al-Qaeda; Bush launched a war on terror

U.S. Patriot Act created to give Gov’t expanded power to conduct security measures following 9/11

War on Terror: Iraq— U.S. troops deployed when Hussein was thought to have weapons of mass destruction Afghanistan—U.S. troops deployed to find terrorists

PoliticalIssues

Ross Perot —3rd party candidates can impact elections

Contract with America was supported by most Republicans proposed by Newt Gingrich, Republican Speaker of the House

Balkan Crisis— Ethnic tension caused conflict in the Balkans; Clinton sent troops which led to a compromise

Ä 2008 Election Turning Point – First African American President

Ä Affordable Care Act— Healthcare reform designed to make health care available to Americans

Ä Appointed Sonia Sotomayor 1st Hispanic American to U.S. Supreme Court

SocialIssues

Scandal led to impeachment (formal accusation) by the House ofRepresentatives

Senate vote did not remove the president

Ä Appointed—Hillary Clinton as Secretary of State

Ä Influence of Oprah Winfrey — Publicly endorsed President Obama during election over Hillary Clinton

24

No Child Left Behind was created topromote educational reform by testing students in English and Math

Hurricane Katrina caused by natural disaster and human factors (levee failure, delayed rescue)

TAKIN’ CARE OF BUSINESS

TCBTCB

Can I quote you on that?American Imperialism Progressive Era World War I World War II Civil Rights Movement

“But today we are raising more thanwe can consume. Today we are making more than we can use…There are more workers than there is work. We do not need more money – we need more circulation, more employment. Therefore, we must find new markets for our produce, new occupation for our capital, new work for our labor…” – Senator Albert J. Beveridge, 1898

How does this passage relate to the topic of American Imperialism?

ANSWERS MAY VARY

What might someone say if they opposed the point o‐ f view‐ in the above passage?

ANSWERS MAY VARY

“…In the barrels would be dirt andrust and old nails and stale water— and cartload after cartload of it would be taken up and dumped into the hoppers with fresh meat, and sent out to the public's breakfast. Some of it they would make into "smoked" sausage—but as the smoking took time, and was therefore expensive; they would call upon their chemistry department, and preserve it with borax and color it with gelatin to make it brown. All of their sausage came out of the same bowl, but when they came to wrap it they would stamp some of it "special," and for this they would charge two cents more a pound.” – The Jungle, Upton Sinclair

What impact did this book have onAmerican society?

ANSWERS MAY VARY

#14: “A general association ofnations must be formed.” – Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points

“I object in the strongest possible way to having the United States agree, directly or indirectly, to be controlled by a league [of nations] which may at any time…,be drawn in to deal with internal conflicts inother countries…We should never allow the United States to be involved in any internal conflict in another country.” – Senator Henry Cabot Lodge

In your own words…

ANSWERS MAY VARY

How are these documents related to the words – isolationism and neutrality?

ANSWERS MAY VARY

“…The Director of the WarRelocation Authority is authorized and directed to formulate an effectuate [implement] a program for the removal, from the areas designated from time to time by the Secretary of War or appropriate military commander under the authority of Executive Order No.9066 of February 19, 1942, of the persons or classes of persons designated under such Executive Order, and for their relocation, maintenance, and supervision…” – Executive Order 9102, 1942

In your own words…

ANSWERS MAY VARY

What constitutional issues are raised by the passage of Executive Order 9066?

ANSWERS MAY VARY

“One may want to ask: ‘How can youadvocate breaking some laws and obeying others?’ The answer lies in the fact that there are two types of laws: just and unjust. I would be the first to advocate obeying just laws. One has not only a legal but a moral responsibility to obey just laws. Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws.I would agree with St. Augustine that "an unjust law is no law at all.” – Letter from Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King Jr.

In your own words…

ANSWERS MAY VARY

What impact did this letter have on the Civil Rights Movement?

ANSWERS MAY VARY

26

Great American QuiltDirections: For each quilt square, add the time period or era and then any historical information you know.

ANSWERS MAY VARY

INDUSTRIALISM

ANSWERS MAY VARY

INDUSTRIALISM

ANSWERS MAY VARY

INDUSTRIALISM

ANSWERS MAY VARY

ANSWERS MAY VARY

THE FRONTIER (WESTERN EXPANSION )

ANSWERS MAY VARY

THE FRONTIER (WESTERN EXPANSION)

ANSWERS MAY VARY

IMPERIALISM

ANSWERSMAY VARY

THE 20s

ANSWERSMAY VARY

THE 30s—GREAT DEPRESSION

27

INDUSTRIALISM

Great American Quilt

ANSWERSMAY VARY

IMPERIALISM

ANSWERSMAY VARY

WWI

ANSWERSMAY VARY

PROGRESSIVES

ANSWERSMAY VARY

THE 30s—GREAT DEPRESSION

ANSWERSMAY VARY

THE 30s—GREAT DEPRESSION

ANSWERSMAY VARY

WWII

ANSWERSMAY VARY

COLD WAR

ANSWERSMAY VARY

COLD WAR

ANSWERSMAY VARY

CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT 28

Great American Quilt

ANSWERSMAY VARY

COLD WAR

ANSWERSMAY VARY

COLD WAR

ANSWERSMAY VARY

CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

ANSWERSMAY VARY

CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

ANSWERSMAY VARY

THE 60s—VIETNAM

ANSWERSMAY VARY

THE 70s

ANSWERSMAY VARY

COLD WAR

ANSWERSMAY VARY

21 st CENTURY

ANSWERSMAY VARY

21 st CENTURY

29