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U.S. D EP A RTM EN T O F THE INTERIORU.S. GEOLOGICAL S URV E Y

C O A L M A P O F SOUTH A MERIC A

B yJean N. Weaver an d Gordon H. Wood, Jr .


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S U M M A R YAll nine countries that were visited in South Americacontain coal deposits. Some coal deposits are more economical to exploit than others, but al l have been or could bedeveloped to some extent for local use. Export of Venezuelan and Colombian coal will probably increase in the nearfuture. Deforestation is an environmental concern in manyparts of South America. For this reason, coal as an alternative energy source could be developed. If and when this happens, opportunities could be present for th e United States

an d foreign companies to invest in and (or) cooperativelyconduct coal exploration, development, mining, and utilization programs in South Am erica.

result of library research an d it did not include updated information from scientists an d others in the coal-bearing countries of South America. During the Fall of 1991, the seniorauthor (Weaver) visited Uruguay, Argentina, Chile, Peru,Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil , and Bolivia. Thepurpose of th e nine-country visit was twofold: (1) to discusswith geologists and other authorities in each country th equantity, quality, an d distribution of known coal resourcesand the status of coal recovery and utilization and (2 ) toinform them of the current role of coal research in the U.S.Geological Survey. Paraguay was not visited because of timeconstraints. Guyana an d Suriname were visited in the springof 1993.

INTRODUCTIONThis report w as prepared to provide (1) a m ap of th e coalfields and occurrences of coal in South America; (2 ) written

documentation and references of the coal deposits identifiedon the coal map; and (3 ) data regarding th e quality of th e coalin each deposit.The authors hope this report, which we believe to be th emost complete compilation of published data on coal for thecontinent, will provide coal resource information to helpguide exploration, development, mining, industrial anddomestic use, export and import of coal, and a id in land-useplanning throughout South America. On first examination,our research seems to substantiate a co m m o n belief that coal

M E TH O D SThe geologic an d mining engineering literature on the

coal fields and coal occurrences of South America rangefrom modern formal published reports to letters and otherinformal documents that date back as fa r as the late 1700's.Because of th e great range in ag e of reports and in the expertise of their authors, th e quality of the reports ranges frompoor to excellent. Some reports state without further information that coal w as exposed in a river bed, canyon wall, oron a hillside. Other reports provide much data, which may ormay not include precise locations, ag e designations of coalbeds, ranks of coal, chemical analyses, stratigraphy, thicknesses of overburden, thicknesses of coal beds, mine maps


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each country. In the tables for each country, each coaldeposit is further identified by a name, or where there is noname, that fact is indicated. Each deposit listing also hassupporting data gathered from th e literature or from cooperating sp ecialists from the South American countries.

DEFINITIONS AND CRITERIAUSED IN THIS REPORT

Identified coal-in-place. Known coal occurrence. Location, rank, quantity, quality, and depth of burial are known orar e estimated from specific geologic evidence. Identified coalm ay be at an y depth of burial, but it will not be more than 3m i (4.8 km) from the point where a coal thickness is measured(Wood and others, 1983). The areas on the map marked bysymbols and colors for rank designation an d geologic age,respectively, ar e known coal occurrences.Hyp othetical coal-in-place. Coal which probably existsat depth, is more than 3 m i (4.8 km ) from points of thicknessmeasurement, is believed to be similar to known coal occurrences that surround points of measurement, and is a logicalextension of known coal (identified coal-in-place). On them ap these areas appear as pink areas surrounding areas ofknown coal occurrence.Speculative coal-in-place. Undiscovered coal that is

postulated to exist in (1) geologic settings suitable fo r theformation of peat from swamp deposits and th e formation of

COA L B A S I N S , FIELDS, A N D OCCURREN CESCoal basins ca n be coincident with sedimentary basins.In many cases, however, coal basins are part of larger sedimentary basins. Because of local and regional tectonic disturbances, some coal basins have been deformed.Coal fields and coal basins can be areally coincident;however, coal fields ar e comm only smaller than coal basins

and their boundaries are comm only geographically and economically defined.Coal occurrences usually are reports of coal of undetermined extent. Occurrences may range from organic materialsuch as coalified wood in otherwise non-coal-bearing rocks,

to preliminary indications of economically valuable coaldeposits.

AG EThe geologic ages of th e coal-bearing rocks of each coalfield an d occurrence are reported in the tables fo r each coun

try and are shown on the map. Colors represent ages of thecoal-bearing rocks. Geologic ag e assignments follow thoseaccepted by the U.S. Geological Survey. The Periods ar eabbreviated in the tables as follows: Carboniferous = Carb.,Mississippian = Miss., Pennsylvanian = Penn. , Permian =Perm., Triassic = Tri., Jurassic = Jur., Cretaceous = Cret.,Tertiary = Tert., and Quaternary = Quat. Age assignmentsstraddling period boundaries are shown, for example, asPerm./Carb. Where th e coal is mostly of one age, that period


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Coal rank classes an d groups and their abbreviations as used in this report (Wood an d others, 1983)

Class Group AbbreviationI . Anthracite

II. Bituminous

III. Subbituminous

IV. Lignite

1 . Meta-anthracite2. Anthracite3 . Semianthracite

1 . Lo w volatile bituminous coal2 . Medium volatile bituminous coal3 . High volatile A bituminous coal4 . High volatile B bituminous coal5 . High volatile C bituminous coal

1 . Subbituminous A coal2 . Subbituminous B coal3 . Subbituminous C coal

1 . Lignite A

anmaansabitIvbmvbhvAbhvBbhvCbsubsubAsubBsubCligligA


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researcher. Almost al l of th e ag e determinations were donemany years ago and, therefore, m ay be open to revision.The age of South American coal deposits ranges fromLate Mississippian (Lower Carboniferous) to Quaternary,but the deposits are principally of Tertiary and Cretaceousages.

MISSISSIPPIAN COA LThe oldest known coal beds in South America ar e Mississippian (Lower Carboniferous). They are in Brazil and Peruand are reportedly thin; none have been mined. Becausethere is so little information on Mississippian coal andbecause the beds are so thin, such coal has been combinedwith Pennsylvanian coal in this report and referred to as Carboniferous. The ag e of the coal in the southern Brazil States(Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Parana is controversial.The Companhia de Pesquisa de Recursos Minerals (CPRM)

reports in a review of Brazil data that coal in those States isPermian in age. The Parana basin contains al l of the country's commercial coal, which is in the Rio Bonito Formationof the Gondwana sequence (Machado, 1983).PENNSYLVANIAN, PENNSYLVANIAN ANDPERMIAN, A N D PERMIAN CO A L

Coal beds of Pennsylvanian, Pennsylvanian and Permian,an d Permian age are known in Brazil, Argentina, and Peru,

TERTI A RY COA LTertiary coal fields and occurrences compose approximately one-half of all coal deposits of al l ages in SouthAmerica. The areal extent of Tertiary coal deposits is several t imes greater than the extent of al l other deposits of otherages. The tonnage of Tertiary coal is estimated to be muchgreater than for any other ag e or combination of ages. Morethan 55 percent of Tertiary fields and occurrences are inVenezuela. Most of the estimated tonnage of Tertiary coalunderlies th e Amazon River drainage basin in Brazil, Peru,an d Colombia. The remainder of th e Tertiary coal appears tobe evenly distributed throughout the coal-bearing nations ofthe continent. Tertiary coal is not recognized in Paraguayan d Uruguay.

PEATWithin South America, peat deposits of various dimen

sions have been found primarily in Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Guyana, Venezuela, Paraguay, Suriname, and southernChile. Brazil contains th e most laterally extensive peatdeposits. Most deposits ar e in swamplands in river valleysand on alluvial plains. Some deposits have been developedlocally for agriculture but few have been evaluated for economic potential as an energy source. Starting in the early1980's, technical assessment of the peat deposits in Brazilhas been undertaken by the Companhia de Pesquisa deRecursos Minerals (CPRM).


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M A P N U M B E R C O A L QUA LI TY P A RA M ETERSEach coal deposit or occurrence shown on the map isidentified by a serial number that is unique within eachcountry.

COAL FIELD, OCCURREN CE/M I N E N A M EEach coal deposit has been assigned a name. The name

generally reflects a geographical feature or a town near th edeposit. An operating mine can be distinguished from a coaloccurrence or coal field because a mining company is usually listed in the "Operator" column.

OP ERA TORThis column identifies an owner, a company mining coalat a particular location, or a government geological surveydoing exploration at a specific site.

MINE TYPEMine type indicates if the coal is being mined in a surfaceopen-pit (S ) or underground (U ) mine.

The ash, sulfur, volatile m atter, moisture, an d heat valuesare mostly reported on an as-received basis. There ar e somediscrepancies in the values. For example, some heat valueswill be too low or high for the reported rank class or group.This is a reflection of the discrepancies in international coalquality standards. Frequently the basis for such heat valuesis unknown or unreported; these values were included in thetables in lieu of no entry at all.

S U M M A R YThe South American continent ha s abundant energyresource potential. Coal has been found to exist in nine ofthe South American countries and peat is present in eight

countries. Available estimates of the amount of coal and peatpresent ar e based on inadequate and, sometimes, unreliableinformation. The range of physical and chemical characteristics of coal and peat is undefined in most reported resourceareas. Nevertheless, the resource potential fo r us e of coaland peat as alternative, indigenou s energy sources is large.A better understanding of th e quality and quantity of coaland peat resources in South America is required fo r planningand efficient utilization in an environmentally acceptablemanner.


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Society of America, The Geology of North AmericaSpecial Paper 179, p. 1 5 .Bergmann, F.A.J., and Xicoy, A.N., 1990, Coal Resources ofArgentina, in Ericksen, G.E., Canas Pinochet, M.T.,an d Reinemund, J.A., eds., 1989, Geology of th eAndes and its relation to hydrocarbon an d mineralresources: Houston, Texas, Circum-Pacific Council fo rEnergy and M ineral Resources Earth Science Series, v.11, p. 131-137.Berry, E.W., 1945, The Weichselia Stage in the Andean

2111-2119.Departamento Nacional da Producao Mineral, 1985, PrincipaisDepositos Minerais: Republica Federativa do B rasil.Companhia Vale do Rio Doce, Brasilia, Brasil, v. I, p.

1-37.Du Toit, A.L., 1927, A geological comparison of SouthAmerica with South Africa: Carnegie Institution ofWashington, Publication 381, 158 p.__1937, O ur wandering continents, an hypothesis ofcontinental drifting: Edinburgh, S cotland, Oliver an d

Boyd, 366 p.Ericksen, G.E., Canas Pinochet, M.T., and Reinemund, J.A.,eds., 1989, Geology of th e Andes an d its relation tohydrocarbon and m ineral resources: Houston, Texas,Circum-Pacific Council fo r Energy and M ineralResources Earth Science Series, v. 11, 452 p.Ethridge, F.G., Flores, R.M., and Harvey, M.D., 1979, eds.,Recent Developments in Fluvial Sedimentology:Society for Econom ic Paleontologists an dMineralogists, Special Publication no . 39, 389 p.Flores-Williams, H. , 1983, Chilean, Argentine, and BolivianCoals, in Kottlowski, F.E., Cross, A.T., an d Meyerhoff,A. A. , eds., Coal Resources of the Americas SelectedPapers: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society ofAmerica, The Geology of North America Special Paper179, p. 1 .

Gansser, A., 1954, The Guiana shield (South America);Geological O bservations: Ecologae Geologicae


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of the Americas Selected Papers: Boulder, Colorado,Geological Society of America, The Geology of NorthAmerica Special Paper 179, p. 23.Martino, O.D., 1988, Mineral Industries of Latin America:U.S. Bureau of Mines, Minerals Perspective Report,134 p.Meyen, S.V., 1979, Relation of Angara and Gondwana florasA century of controversies: Calcutta, India, FourthInternational Gondwana Symposium, 1977, v. 1 , p.45-50.Ministerio de Energia y Minas, 1981, Minerales de Venezuela:Direccion de G eologia, Publicacion no . 8, Caracas,Venezuela, p. 60-69.O'Rourke, I.E., 1983, Coal basins of Ecuador, in Koitlowski,F.E., Cross, A.T., an d Meyerhoff, A.A., eds., CoalResources of the Americas Selected Papers: Boulder,Colorado, Geological Society of America, The Geologyof North America Special Paper 179, p. 43 .Ocala, L.C., and Meyer, R.P., 1973, Crustal structure from th ePacific Basin to the Brazilian shield between 12 an d30S latitude: Geological Society of Am erica Bulletin,v. 84, p. 3387-3404.Organization Latinoamericana de Energia (OLADE), 1984,Inventario de Recursos de Carbon Mineral en PaisesNo Productores de America Latina: DocumentosD-PLACE no . 15, 689 p.Petersen, R.C., 1983, Coal resources of Peru, in Kottlowski,

F.E., Cross, A.T., and Meyerhoff, A.A., eds., CoalResources of th e Americas Selected Papers: Boulder,

Am erican Association of Petroleum GeologistsBulletin, v. 31, no. 7, p. 1194-1241.Wegener, A., 1929, Die Enstehung der Kontinente und Ozeans(4th ed.): Braunshweig, Germany, Vieweg und John.Wood, G.H., Jr., Kehn, T.M., Carter, M .D., an d Culbertson,W., 1983, Coal Resource Classification System of th eU.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological SurveyCircular 891,65 p.Zeil, W., 1979, The Andes A geological review: Berlin,Stuttgart, Gebruder Borntraeger, 2 6 0 p.

ARGENTINABeder, R., 1921, Yacimientos de materias explotables de laRepublica Argentina: Buenos Aires, Argentina,Direccion General de Minas, Geologia e Hidrologia,42 0 p.Bergmann, F.A.J., and Filippmi, J.R., 1972, Situation del

Carbon y de l Coque en Argentina: Caracas,Venezuela, ILAFA Carbon 1972, M ay 22-25 , 1972.Borrello, A.V., 1956, Recursos Minerales de la RepublicaArgentina: Buenos Aires, Argentina, Ministerio deEducation de la Nation, Revista de CienciasGeologicas, p. 9-336.Harrington, H.J., 1956, Argentina, in Handbook of SouthAmerican Geology: Geological Society of AmericaMemoir 65, p. 129-165.Heim, A., 1949, Estudio Geologico del Carbon "Retico y delValle de la Pena," in Argentina: Buenos Aires,


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Science, v. X X V , p. 49-54.Chamot, G.A., 1965, Permian section at Apillapampa, Bolivia,an d its fossil content: Journal Paleontology, v. 39, no.6, p. 1112-1124.Cousminer, H.L., 1965, Permian spores from Apillapampa,Bolivia: Journal of Paleontology, v. 39, no. 6, p. 1097-1111.Newell, N.D., 1949, Geology of th e Lake Titicaca region, Peruand Bolivia: Geological Society of America Memoir36, p. 42-43.Rod, E. , 1960, Strike-slip fault of continental importance inBolivia: American Association of PetroleumGeologists Bulletin, v. 44, no. 1 , p. 107-108.Sonnenberg, F.P., 1963, Bolivia an d th e Andes, in Backbone ofthe Americas, tectonic history from pole to pole:American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir2 , p. 36-46.

BRAZILAbreu, S.F., 1962, Combustiveis fosseis, in Recursos mineraisdo Brazil: Ministerio da Industria e do Commercio,Institute Nacional de Tecnologia, v. II, p. 42-138.Andrado, R., J.R., 1955, Reconhecimento geologico do Alto RioFresco, Estado do Para: Brazil Divisao GeologiaMineralogia, Rel. Annual, 1954, p. 32-38.Barbosa, O., and de Almeida, F.F.M., 1949, A serie Tubarao naBacia do Rio Tiete, Estado de Sa o Paulo: Ministerio

Preliminares e Estudos, no. 87 , 6 p.__1954b, A Flora do Gondwana Inferior em Santa Catarina,pt. V, O Genero Gangamopteris: Ministerio daAgricultura, Departamen to Nacional da ProducaoMineral, Divisao de Geologia e Mineralogia, NotasPreliminares e Estudos, no. 89, 1 2 p.__1954c, A Flora da Carboniferos Inferior de Teresina, Piaui:M inisterio da Agricultura, Departamento Nacional daProducao Mineral, Divisao de Geologia e MineralogiaBoletin, no. 148, p. 1-56.__1956, A Flora de Gondwana Inferior em Santa Catarina:Ministerio da Agricultura, Departamento Nacional daProducao Mineral, Divisao de Geologia e Mineralogia,Notas Preliminares e Estudos, no . 95, p. 1-8.Frakes, L.A., an d Crowell, J.C., 1972, Late Paleozoicgeography between the Parana Basin and the AndeanGeosyncline: Anais da Academia Brasileira deCiencias, v. 44, p. 139-14.Good, J.E., Abrea, Alvaro, and Fraser, Thomas, 1949, The coalindustry of Brazil, pt . I, General economy, production,an d market; pt. II, Technology of mining an dpreparation: U.S. Bureau of Mines Technical Paper713, pt. 1-38, pt . II , 110 p.Gordon, M., 1947, Classification of the Gondwanic rocks ofParana, Santa Catarina and Ri o Grande Do Sul:Ministerio da Agricultura, Departamento Nacional daProducao Mineral, Divisao de Geologia e Mineralogia,Notas Preliminare e Estudos, no. 38a, p. 1-19.


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__1955, Carvao No Piaui, Brasil: M inisterio da Agricultura,Departamento Nacional da Producao Mineral, Divisaode Geologia e M ineralogia, Notas Preliminares eEstudos, no. 92, p. 1-10.Lashar, B., and Raya Rao, C.S., eds., 1979, Fourth GondwanaSymposium Papers: Delhi, India, HindustanPublishing Corporation, v. 1 , 384 p.Machado, E.R., 1970, Geologia do Carvao no Brasil, in pt . Ill,Simposio do C arvao Nacional, Curiba: Revista Carvaode Pedra, nos. 11-12, an o 2 , p. 26-39.

__1972, O Carvao N eopaleozoico de Brasil Meridional: Anaisda Acadamia Brasileira de Ciencias, p. 209-236.Mesner, J.C., and Woolridge, L.C.P., 1964, MaranhaoPaleozoic Basin and Cretaceous Coastal Basins, NorthBrasil: American Association of Petroleum GeologistsBulletin, v. 48 , no . 9, p. 1475-1512.Ministerio das Minas e Energia, 1971, Mapa Geologico doBrasil: Ministerio das Minas e Energia, scale1:5,000,000.__1981, Geologic m ap of Brasil and adjoining ocean floorincluding mineral deposits: Ministerio das Minas eEnergia, scale 1:2,500,000, 4 sheets.Manachesi, W., 1982, Coal in Latin America and Brazil,contribution to the energetic crisis challenge, inSimposio International Sobre la Cooperation entreEuropa y America Latina para la utilizacion de lcarbon: Instituto Italo-Latino A mericano an d

Ministerio de Minas y Energia de Colombia, November23-27 , 1981, Cartagena, Colombia, p. 59-153.

no . 101.Schuchert, C. , 1928, Review of the Late Paleozoic formationswith special reference to th e ice-age of Middle Permiantime: Geological Society of Am erica Bulletin, v. 39,no . 3, p. 769-886.Willig, C. , 1974, Trabalhos de pesquisa de carvao realizadospelo convenio DNPM/CPRM em Santa Catarina:Conselho Nacional Petroleo Atual, no. 38, ano 5, p.8-55.

CHILEBriiggen, J., 1914, Los carbones de l Valle longitudinal y la zonacarbonifera al su r de Curanilahue, en la Provincia deArauco: Sociedad Nacional de Mineria, 56 p.__1950, Fundamentos de la geologia de Chile: InstitutoGeographico Militar, 374 p.Harrington, H.J., 1961, Geology of part of Antofugasta andAtacama provinces, Northern Chile: AmericanAssociation of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 45,no. 2, p. 169-197.Instituto de Investigaciones Geologicas, 1968, Mapa Geologicode Chile: Instituto de Investigaciones Geologicas,scale 1:1,000,000, 7 sheets.Mufioz, C.J., 1956, Chile, in Jenks, W.F., ed., Handbook ofSouth American Geology: Geological Society ofAmerica Memoir 65, p. 187-214.Rassmuss, J., 1920, Geologia de los yacimientos de carbon:Direction General de Minas, G eologia e Hidrologia,


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Duran, R.R., Mujica, P.E.G., Nigrinis, R.A., Granados, A.,Mejia, L.J., Gil, Enrique, 1977, Recursos Minerales deColombia: Ministerio de Minas y Energia, InstituteNacional de Investigaciones Geologico-Mineral, no. 3,anexo 1 , p. 95-124.Elkin, M.E., 1965a, Las cuencas carboniferas de Boyaco yCundinamarca (Guaduas-Tocaima): Ministerio deMinas y Petroleos, Servicio Geologico Nacional,Informe no . 1453, v. XIII, nos. 1-3.

__1965a, El Cretacico carbonifero al norte de la Sabana deBogota: Ministerio de Minas y Petroleos, ServicioGeologico Nacional, Informe no. 1453, nos. 1-3, p.85-99.Molina, E.E., 1965a, El Cretacico carbonifero al Norte de laSabana de Bogota: Ministerio de Minas y Petroleos,Servicio Geologico Nacional, B oletin Geologico, v.XII, p. 5-84.Olsson, A.A., 1956, Colombia, in Jenks, W.E., ed., Handbookof South American Geology: Geological Society ofAmerica Memoir 65, p. 293-326 .Reina, A.L., 1981, Potencialidad y caracteristicas de la recursosde l carbon, in Simposio Internacional sobre laCooperacion entre Europa y America Latina para lautilizacion del carbon: Institute Italo-LatinoAmericano and M inisterio de Minas y Energia deColombia, p. 155-182.Singewald, Q.D., 1976, Mineral resources of Colombia (otherthan petroleum): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 964-

PARAGUAYHarrington, H.J, 1956, Paraguay, in Handbook of SouthAmerican Geology: Geological Society of AmericaMemoir 65, p. 99-114.Putzer, Hannfrit, 1962, Geologic von Paraguay: Berlin,Gebriider Borntraeger, 182 p.

PERUAnonymous, 1959, Los Recursos de Carbon y Petroleo, in Planregional para el desarrollo de l sur del Peru: Informes,Lima, Peru, PS/A6, v. 11, 2 4 p.Bam billa, D.E., 1957, Geologia de la zone antracifera deHuayday, Luema, La Libertad: Primer CongresoNacional de Geologia, Sociedad G eologica del Peru,Toma 32 , p. 32-50.Habich, E.A.V., 1904, Yacimientos carboniferos del districto de

Checras: Ministerio de Fomento, Cuerpo deIngenieros de Minas de l Peru Bo letin no. 18, p. 1-32.Jenks, W.F., 1956, Peru, in Handbook of South AmericanGeology: Geological Society of America Memoir 65,p. 215-248.Kurnmel, Bernhard, 1948, Geological reconnaissance of th eContamana region, Peru: Geological Society ofAm erica Bulletin, v. 59, p. 1217-1266.

Olive, W.W., 1978, Coal deposits of Latin America, in Coalresources of th e Americas: Geological Society of


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U.S. Department of Energy, 1979, Joint Peru/United StatesReport on Peru/United States Co operative EnergyAssessment: Department of Energy, v. 2, Annex 1 , p.45-66.U R U GU AY

Falconer, J.D., 1937, The Gondwana system (Permian an dTriassic?) of Northeastern Uruguay with a specialreference to the Eogondwana beds: Montevideo,Uruguay Institute de Geologia y Perforaciones, Boletinno . 2 3 , 112 p.

__1956, Uruguay, in Handbook of South American Geology:Geological Society of America Memoir 65, p. 115-128.Oppenheim, Victor, 1935, Petroleum geology of CentralSedimentary basin of Uruguay: Am erican Associationof Petroleum Geologists, v. 10, no . 8, p. 1205-1218.V ENEZUELA

Bellizzia, A.G., 1969, Minerals: Congreso GeologicoVenezolano, 4th, 1969, Recursos Minerales deVenezuela map, scale about 1:7,500,000.Brandi, K., 1978, Venezuela looks to the future with coal:World Coal, August, p. 28-30.Brondijk, J.F., 1967, "Eocene" formations in the southwesternpart o f the Maracaibo Basin: Asociacion V enezolanade Geologia, Mineria y Petroleo Boletin, v. 1 0 , no. 2 ,

(Anzoategui-Monagas-Sucre-Eastern Guarico portion):Geological Society of Am erica Bulletin, v. 61, no . 1 1 ,p. 1173-1216.__1956, Northeastern Venezuela, in Venezuela, Lopez, V.M.,Hedberg, H.D., an d Kehrer, Louis, eds., Handbook ofSouth American Geology: Geological Society ofAmerica Memoir 65, p. 337-340.Heintz, P. , 1976, El (Carbon) de l Zulia, en Siderurgia, inCongreso Ilafa-Carbon, Usos del Carbon en Siderurgia:Abastecimiento y (Technologia) Ciudad de Mexico,

25-30 July, Institute Latino-Americano de l Fierro y elAcero, Santiago, Chile, p. 98-99.Hess, H.H., and Maxwell, J.C., 1949, Geological reconnaissanceof th e island of Margerita, part 1 : Geological Society ofAm erica Bulletin, v. 60, p. 1857-1868.Joves, J.L., and Montes, M.F., 1979, Perspectivas de la CuencaCarbonifera de l Guasare, Estado Zulia, V enezuela, inCongreso Ilafa-Carbon, Explotacion yCommercialization, 22-26 April, Bogota, Colombia, p.37-43.Kahrer, L., 1946, Some observations of Cretaceous andpre-Cretaceous bed s in southwestern and northern centralparts of Venezuela: Boletin de Geologia y Mineria, v.1 , p. 47-73.Liccioni, J.L., 1970, Aspectos de la Industria Minera enVenezuela: Ministerio de Minas y Hidrocarburos,Caracas, Venezuela, p. 52-54.Liddle, R.A., 1946, The geology of Venezuela and Trinidad, 2 d


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Smith, R.J., 1953, Geology of th e Los Tequis-Cua region,Venezuela: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v.64, no . 1 , p. 41-64.Trump, G.W., 1964, Guidebook, October 24, 25, 26, 1964, toth e Geology of Western Tachira: AsociacionVenezolana de Geologia, Mineria y Petroleo, p. 7-10.World Coal Resources and Reserves Data Bank Service, 1981,World coal resources regional review No . 1 , Colombiaand Venezuela: London, U.K., International EnergyAgency, p. 42-50.

S O U TH A ME R IC A N CO U N TE RP ARTSARGENTINA

Teniente Coronel Alfredo CordobaDirector Nacional de MineriaAv . Santa Pel548, piso 1 1Buenos Aires, ArgentinaDr. Federico A. J. Bergmann (retired)Geologo, Yacimientos Carboniferos Fiscales (YCF)Chacabuco 159-1876, BernalArgentinaDr. Walter DefortunaInterventorYacimientos Carboniferos Fiscales (YCF)

Dr . Cladis A ntonio Presotto/Superintende R egionalDr . Thelmo Suffert/Engenheiro Civil de MinasDr . Luis Fernando F. Albuquerque/ Geologo de CarvaoCPRMRua Banco da Provincia, 105, Morro Santa Teresa90650 Porto Alegre RSBrazil

CHILEDr . Alfredo Astaburuaga L.Dra. Annemarie Hoffa de AguirreInstitute Latinoamericano de l Fierro y el Acero (ILAFA)Dario Urzua 1994, Casilla 16065Santiago 9, ChileDr. Rolando Sanz-GuerreroCEPAL-United NationsCasilla 179-D,Santiago, ChileDr . Eduardo Zuiiiga PachecoGerente GeneralENACARAntonio Bellet 281Santiago, ChileDr . Ramiro Bon illa P arraGerente de ProyectosEmpresa Nacional de Carbon S.A. (ENACAR)


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COLOMBIADr . Enrique Avalos SantosDr . Nelson Rodolfo Am aya C.CarbocolCuadra 7, No . 31-10, Piso 10, Piso 6 (Amaya)Santafe de Bogota, ColombiaDr. Loy H. HarrisPresidenteEsso Colombiana Ltda.Carrera 7, No. 36-45Bogota, ColombiaDr . Francisco Jose Garcia T.Intercor/International ColombiaCarrera 7, No . 37-69 Oficina 80 3Bogota, ColombiaDr. Arturo Pulecio O.Departamento de Relaciones PublicasIntercor El Cerrejon-Norte, AA 52409Barranquilla, ColombiaDr . Orlando Guzman VelezPresidenteProdecoCentre Prodeco, Cuadra 11, No. 84-15Apartado Aereo 089147Bogota, ColombiaDr. Augusto Jimenez M.

P.O. Box 6413 CCI,Quito, EcuadorIng. Edgar Lopez R.GeologoInstitute Ecuatoriano de MineriaAvenida 10 de Agosto 55-40 y VillalenguaQuito, Ecuador

G U Y A N ADr . William WoolfordCommissionerGuyana Geology an d Mines CommissionUpper Brickdam, P.O. B ox 1028Georgetown, GuyanaMr. Kamp ta PersaudManager, Geological ServicesGuyana Geology an d Mines CommissionUpper Brickdam, P.O. B ox 1028Georgetown, Guyana

P ER UIng. Oscar Posadas PeralesCENTROMDSf Peru S.A.Javier Prado Este 2155, Apartado 2412Sa n Borja Lima 1 , Peru


16/44

Pablo Bermudez 2 11, Jesus Maria, Apartado 88 9Lima 11, PeruIng. Oscar Palacios MoncayoDirector de GeologiaINGEMMETPablo Bermudez 211, Jesus Maria, Apartado 889Lima 11, Peru

SURINAMEDr . Glenn M. Gernerts, M. Sc.DirectorSuriname Geological an d Mining ServiceKlein W atterstraat 2 6Paramaribo, SurinameMr. Richard L . VerweyGeneral ManagerGeology and M ining ConsultingPrins Hendrikstraat 36 ; P.O. B ox 328Paramaribo, Suriname

U R U G U A YDr. Hugo B. Tosi, Asesor TecnicoJorge S. da Silva, PaleontologistDireccion Nacional de Mineria y Geologia (DINAM tGE)Hervidero2861,Montevideo, Uruguay

VEN EZ UELADr. Miguel H. Cano de Lo s RiosDirectorMinisterio de Energia y MinasTorre Oeste-Parque Central, Piso 8Caracas, VenezuelaDr. Miguel Gimenez/Gerente de PlanificacionDr. William Neumann/Gerente de ProyectosCarbones Del Zulia, S.A.Calle 77 (15 de Julio con Av . 11)Edificio Lagoven, Apartado 1200,Maracaibo, CP4001Venezuela


17/44

TABLES


18/44

Coal mines and occurrences in Argent ina[Note: Data ref lect information acquired during visit to country- LM, local mining-type unknown; an. , anthracite; bit., bituminous; sub. , subbituminous; lig., l ignite;Interna l adm. area. Interna l administrative area; Y CF, Yacimientos Carbonfferos Fisca les; Tert., Tertiary; Jur., Jurassic; Tri., Triassic; Perm., Permian.]

Internaladm. area

Santa CruzSanta Cruz

Santa Cruz

Santa CruzSanta Cruz

ChubutChubutChubut

Rib NegroRib Negro

Neuquen

NeuquenMendoza

MendozaSanta Cruz

Mapnumber

12

3

456789

10

11

1213

1415

Coal Field,occurrence/mine name

Rib CoyleRib Santa

CruzRib Turbfo

Logo ViedmaLaCrilla

IndioLepa

Rib CorintosSanta Ana

PicoQuemado

JorgeNewberry

BurgosCervantes/

La MangaCerro MoradoCabo Curios

Operator

n.a.n.a.

YC F

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

Minetype

nonenone

none

nonenonenonenonenonenonenone

none

nonenone

nonenone

Recoveryactivity

n.a.n.a.

LM

n.a.LMLMn.a.n.a.n.a.LM

LM

n.a.n.a.

LMn.a.

Age

Tert.Tert.

Tert.

Tert.Tert.Tert.Tert.Tert.Tert.Tert.

Tert.

Jur.Jur.

Tri.Tert.

Rank

N g .lig.

sub.

bit.bit.sub.bit.bit.bit.bit.

bit.

bit.an.

bit.sub.

Numberof beds1

33

6 +

1111114

1

11

11

Ash(%)2

n.a.n.a.

10-25

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

10-20

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

SuKur{%)2

n.a.n.a.

0.6-0.8n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.0.2-0.5n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

Vol.matter(%)z

n.a.n.a.

46-50

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.41

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

Moisture(%)z

n.a.n.a.

13.5

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.3-5

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

Heat value(kcal/kg)

2.0002.000

5,800-7.000n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.6.106

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.


19/44

Argentina-ContinuedMendoza

MendozaMendozaSan JuanMendozaSan JuanSa n Juan

LaRiojaLaRioja

Santa Cruz

Santa Cruz

CatamarcaTucuman 7

SaitaSanta Cruz

Jujuy

JujuyJujuySaitaJujuy

16

171819202122

232425

26

27282930

31

32333435

SantaMaxima/El

SalitoEl QuemadoSanta Clara

RickardLaAlta

La DelfinaAlto RibJachal

La NegroTambillasArroyo

Pescado/RfbDeseadoMesetaDeseadaChaschuil

BobonEscoipe

Arroyo delCarbdnValle deLerma

Mina AzulesTacanaltePorongal

Santa Barbara

n.a.


n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

none

nonenonenonenonenonenone

nonenonenone

none

nonenonenonenone

none

nonenonenonenone

n.a.

n.a.n.a.LMn.a.LMn.a.

LMn.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.LM

n.a.

LMn.a.n.a.LM

Tri.

Tri.Tri.Tri.

Perm.Tri.Tri.

Tri.Tri.Tert.

Tert.

Tri.Tert.Tert.Tert.

Tert.

Tert.Tert.Tert.Tert.

bit.

bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.

bit.bit. g .

H g .bit.H g .n g .bit.

bit.

bit.rig.lig.bit.

1

11

1 +111

111

1

111

13

1

1111

n.a.


n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.


n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.


n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.


n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.


n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.


20/44

Argentina ContinuedJujuy

Jujuy

Jujuy

Jujuy

Tierra delFuego

Tierra delFuego

36

37

38

39

40

41

ArroyoTunalfto

Arroyo BarroBlanco

DuranzoHuaico

Arroyo ElZaquan

Rib Lopez

Bahfa Slogget

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

none

none

none

none

none

none

LM

LM

LM

LM

n.a.

n.a.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Kg.

tig.

H g .n g .f i g .

lig./sub.

1

1

1

1

1

1

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

: Indicates the total n u m b e r of beds present-does no t reflect the n u m b er of beds m in ed . 2 : Ash, sulfur, volat ile matter, an d m o is t u r e values ar e m o st ly b ased o n an as-r ec e ived


21/44

Coal m i n e s a n d occurrences in Bolivia[Note: Data ha s been reviewed by scientists from GE OBOL a n d from the Economic Sect ion of th e US E m b a s s y in La Paz.Correct ions an d suggested changes have been incorporated into th e table an d m a p .E., exploration phase; n.a., no t available; an., anthracite; lig., lignite; Quat. , Quaternary; Tert., Tertiary;Perm., Permian.]

Internaladm. area

La Paz/MancoKapac

Cochabamba/Capinota

Cochabamba/Cabinota

Tarija/ Arce

Tarija/ ArcePotostfR. BustilloChuquteaca/Lub

CalvoCoohabamba/

PunataCoohabamba/

ChaparaCochabamba/

ChapareCochabamba/ChapareSanta Cruz/

A. Sandoval

Mapnumber

1

2

3

4

567

8

9

10

1112

Coal Field,occurrence/mine nameIsla Del Sol

Aplliapampa

Padcaya

Guandacay/Rib Cambari

Rib TomolosaUncia

FHo Azaro/Ticucha

CochabambawellsPatatl

Sacaba

Villa Tunari

La Gaiba

Operator

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Mine type

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

E

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Recoveryactivity

n.a.

LM

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

drill hole

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Age

Perm.

Perm.

Quat.

Tart.

Tert.Quat.Quat.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Rank

an.

an.

n g .n g .lig.

peatlig.

lig.

Kg .

n g .

lig.

lig.

Numberof beds 1

3

1 +

n.a.

n.a.

3n.a.n.a.

3 +

2+

2

n.a.

n.a.

Ash (%)2

42.0

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

49.0n.a.n.a.

n.a.

30.12

66.5

n.a.

n.a.

Sulfur (%)2

0.74

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

1.24n.a.n.a.

n.a.

4.2

0.5

n.a.

n.a.

Vol. matter(%)2

14.0

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

27.77n.a.n.a.

n.a.

43.46

19.30

n.a.

n.a.

Moisture(%)2

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Heat value(kcal/kg)

4,630

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

4,300n.a.n.a.

n.a.

4,300

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.


22/44

Bolivia ContinuedPando/ Madre de

DibsCochabamba/

ChapareLa Paz/lngavi

La Paz/Pacajes

La Paz/FranzTamayo

La Paz/lturralde

Cochabamba/Punata

La Paz/PacajesLa Paz/Murillo

Oruro/Sejama

Oruro/SaucariLa Paz/MurilloLa Paz/MurilloLa Paz/MurilloLa Paz/Loayza

13

14

1516

17

18

19

2021

22

2324252627

Amazonas

Sa n Antonio/Rib Chapara

GuaquiCorocoro/CachacaUlla Ulla

Sa n Buena-vantura-BeuPunata/ Cliza

AchiriTacagua /El

AltoTotora

ChochocaMilluni

ChacaltayaChugulaguilloMonte Blanco

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a,

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

E

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

nonenonen.a.

drill hole

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

outcropoutcrop

n.a.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.Tert.

Tert.

Perm.

Tert.

Tert.Tert.

Quat.

Quat.Quat.Quat.QuatQuat.

lig.

lig.

lig.lig.lig.

an.

lig.

ng.n g .peat

peatpeatpaatpeatpeat

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.1 +

1

1

1 +

14

2

2n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

28.0-85.0

26.16n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.


n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

5.0-37.0

44.26n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.


n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.


1 : Indicates the total n u m b e r of.beds p r esen t -d o es not reflect the numbar of beds being mined2 : Ash, sulfur, volat ile matter an d moisture values are m o st ly b ased o n an as-r ec e ived baste


23/44

Coal mines an d occurrences in Brazil[Note: Data reflect in format ion acquired during vis it to coun try- In ternal adm. area, in ternal adminis trat ive area.Garb. , Carboniferous; Perm., Permian; Tert., Tertiary; Quat., Quaternary; S., surface mine; U., underground mine;E., exploration phase; LM., local mining-type u n kn o w n ; N.A., not avai lable; ?, u n kn o w n ; an., anthracite;bit., bituminous; sub., subbituminous; lig., lignite.]

Internal adm.area

Rio Grande DoSul

Rio Grande DoSul

Rio Granda DoSul

Rio Grande DoSul

Rio Grande DoSul

Rio Grande DoSul

Rio Grande DoSul

Rio Grande DoSul

Rio Granda DoSul

Rio Granda DoSul

Rio Grande DoSul

Mapnumbar

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Coal Field,occurrence/

mlna nameMina Selval

Mina Hu la Negra

Mina Candkrta

Charqueadae/Guaiba

Calombo

Faxinal

Mina Racralo

Mina Butla Leste

Mina do Leio 1

Arrolo Do s Ratos

Iruf

Operator

CNMC

n.a.

CR M

COPELMI

MSH

COPELMi

COPELMI

COPELMI

CR M

n.a.

CR M

Mine typa

S

S

S

U

n.a.

S

S

S

S

n.a.

S

Recoveryactivity

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Aga

Perm.

Perm.

Perm.

Perm.

Perm.

Perm.Perm.

Perm.

Perm.

Perm.

Perm.

Rank

sub.

sub.

sub.

sub.

sub.

sub.

sub.

sub.

sub.

sub.

sub.

Numberof beds1

5

?

10

3

?

4

8 +

2

3

11

2

Ash (%)2

51.0

?

52.20

53.60

?

59.32

57.10

52.00

57.10

?

41.80

Sulfur (%)2

1.14

n.a.

1.7

0.70

n.a.

1.57

1.70

1.80

0.70

n.a.

0.30

Vol. matter(%)2

22.11

nva.

21.00

19.50

n.a.

17.58

20.93

21.72

19.30

n.a.

24.30

Moisture(%)2

n.a.

n.a.

11.30

6.70

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

5.00

5.00

n.a.

9.60

Heat value(kcal/kg)

3,322

n.a.

3.230

2.737

n.a.

2.646

2,852

3,320

2,860

n.a.

4,158


24/44

B r az i l - Cont inuedRio Grande Do

SulRio Grande doSulRio Granda Do

SuiSanta CatarlnaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta Catarina

Santa Catarina

Santa CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta Catarina

12

12-a

13

1415161718192021222324

25

26272829303132

Gravatai/M orungava-Chico Loma

Sta. Terezlnha

Capan

Linha BattetaSanta Augusta

Mina APoco 10 Icara

Mina BPoco 3

Verdinho UM2Painel-FPoco 3-4

Sao SimaoAntonio de Lucca"A"Antonio de Lucca"B"

Sao GeraldoEstiva dos Pregos

Voita RedondaMorozini

Rio DesertoItanema II (CA)

Fontanela

n.a.

n.a.

CP

CPSAec u

CPSACPSACPSACBCACCSAC.C.C.C.C.C.CBCACBCA

CBCA

ec uCOCALIT

CCSACPSAICRDLCTSACMSA

n.a.

n.a.

S

suuuu

n.a.U

n.a.n.a.

UU

U

Un.a.

USUS

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

nonen.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.


Perm.

Perm.

Perm.

Perm.Perm.Perm.Perm.Perm.Perm.Perm.Parm.Perm.Parm.Perm.

Perm.

Perm.Perm.Perm.Perm.Perm.Perm.Perm.

sub.

sub.

sub.

bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.

bit.

bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.

12

n.a.

1

13322?2

n.a.n.a.22

2

2n.a.21211

53

?

48.00

?33.7531.8032.60

??

32.10n.a.n.a.

32.0033.03

33.03

n.a.n.a.

32.10n.a.

34.3228.80n.a.

1.6

n.a.

1.50

n.a.1.00

13.121.45n.a.n.a.1.93n.a.n.a.2.603.30

3.30

n.a.n.a.1.93n.a.2.612.30n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.17.1725.7022.00n.a.n.a.

27.50n.a.n.a.

28.3323.45

23.45

n.a.n.a.

27.50n.a.

12.4129.90n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.


n.a.

n.a.

3,300

n.a.5,4505,5005,500n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

5,8005,300

5,300

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

5,322n.a.n.a.


25/44

Brazi l Cont inuedSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta Catarina

Santa CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaSanta CatarinaRio Grande DoSul

Parana

Parana

ParanaParana

Parana

Paran6ParanaParanaParent

Sao Paulo

333435363738

3940414243

44

45

4647

48

49505152

53

EsperancaMlna # E/F/G

Fontanala (SA)Fonseca (CA)

GoulartCWade Mlneira

(CA)Forquilhlnha

SantanaPopo 1Figueira

Sao Sep6

Campina Do sPupos (Tibagi)

Barbosa

Ribeirao NovoAmando Simoes

(Rio Peixe)Ibaitf

TomazinaRio das CinzasMina Do CedroSao Joao Do

TriunfoBuri

CMSAMFCNMCBB

n.a.n.a.n.a.

CMSA

CTSAec u

IBRAMiLIBRAMiL

n.a.

KPM

n.a.

n.a.CC C

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

UU

n.a.n.a.n.a.

S

Sn.a.n.a.n.a.S ?

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.U

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.



n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

LM

Perm.Perm.Perm.Perm.Perm.Perm.

Perm.Perm.Perm.Perm.Perm.

Perm.

Perm.

Perm.Perm.

Perm.

Perm.Perm.Perm.Perm.

Perm.

bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.

bit.bit.bit.bit.

sub.

sub./bit.

bit.

bit.bit.

bit.

bit.bit.bit.bit.

sub.

22

n.a.n.a.n.a.2

2n.a.n.a.24

2

1

32

1

121

11 ?

1

34.0531.25n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

30.90n.a.n.a.n.a.

36-38

45.00

45.00-60.0050.0022.00-23.0033. DO-40. 0026.0029.0029.00n.a.

n.a.

2.102.15n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.


10.00-13.00

n.a.

n.a.6.0-10.0

n.a.

4.08n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

31.3030.00n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

29.00n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

10.00-24.00n.a.

n.a.22.00-29.00n.a.

37.43n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.



2.0-4.0

n.a.

n.a.2.3-3.0

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

5.2705,578n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.


4.200-4,600n.a.

n.a.5,750

n.a.

5,735n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.


26/44

Brazil-ContinuedSS o PauloSSo PauloSSo Paulo

PiaufGoias/MaranhSo/

PartPart

Minas GeralsRib de Janairo

Sa o PaoloMato Qrosso

MaranhaoAmapa

Maranhao

PlauiPemambuco

BahlaMinas GaraisAmazonas

BahiaBahia

Rio Grande DoSui

Rio Grande DoSul

5455565758

5960616263646566

6768

697071727374

75

Bacia CerquilhoMonta MorCerquilho

UnlioTocantb/Araguala

Rio FrescoBacia Gandarela

Barra MansaJambeiro

Serra do MdaNova YorqueRib Cal9oene

Mocambo

ParnaibaJatoba

Lagoa Do PauloFonseca

Aito SoHmoesN/E CoastS/E Coast

L'Esta PortoAlegre

Cambara Do Sul

n.a.n.a.n.a.

PET ROBRASCPCAN

IDESPn.a.n.a.n.a.

DNPMn.a.n.a.

PETROBRAS

n.a.DNPM/CPRM

PETROBRASn.a.

PETROBRASCPRMCPRMn.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

EE

nonanonen.a.n.a.nonenonenone

E

EE


n.a.

LMn.a.LM

driiholedrillhole

outcropoutcrop

n.a.n.a.

outcropoutcropoutcropdrill hole

drill holedrill hole

drill holen.a.

drillholen.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

Perm.Parm.Perm.Perm.Garb.

Garb.Quat.Tert.Tart.Crat.Garb.Tert.Tert/Cret.Tert.Cret.

Cret.Cret.Cret.Quat.Quat.Quat.

Quat.

sub.sub.an.bit.

bit./an. ?an.K g .n g .K g .K g .bit.H g .B g .

K g .K g .K g .n g .K g .

peatpeatpeat

peat

11111

2 +111111

20

15

112

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

30.00n.a.1.0n.a.n.a.

n.a.11.5n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.5.00-16.00n.a.n.a.

47.00n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.


n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.


n.a.


n.a.r.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.


n.a.



n.a.n.a.


n.a.



n.a.n.a.


n.a.


27/44

Brazi l Cont inuedParan6ParanaParanaParana

Sao Paulo

Minas GareteMinas CerateMinas Cerate

Minas QerateGoias

BahiaMaranhaoMaranhaoMaranhao

PartiAmapa

AmazonasAmazonasAmazonasAmazonasAmazonas

Mato GrossoRondonla

7677787980

818283

8485

86878889909192939495969798

CuritibaPonta GrossaAfro Rio Ivaf

Afro Rio IguacuValle Paraiba Do

SulSul de Minas

Tridngulo MineiroAito Rio Sio

FranciscoNE de MinasArredores deBrazilla

SWBahlaBarreirinhaLago A9UPinheiro

llha de MarajdAraguari

Medlo AmazonasBaixo Rio MadeiraBaixo Rio PurusAito Rio Negro

Baixo Rio BrancoXapuriAbuna


n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.


n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.



n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.


Quat.Quat.Quat.Quat.Quat.

Quat.Quat.Quat.

Quat.Quat.

Quat.Quat.Quat.Quat.Quat.Quat.Quat.Quat.Quat.Quat.Quat.Quat.Quat.

peatpeatpeatpeatpeat

peatpeatpeat

peatpeat

peatpeatpeatpeatpeatpeatpeatpeatpeatpeatpeatpeatpeat


n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.



n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.



n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.



n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.



n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.



n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.



28/44

B r az i l - Cont inuedMato Qrosso

Rio de JaneiroSanta CatarinaRio de Janeiro

9910010 1102

GuajaraY MbimBrejo da MingotaSul Catarinense

Rio da Prata

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

Quat.Quat.Perm.Quat.

peatpeatsub.peat

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

ON

C B C A : Ma ssa Falida da C la . Brasl le ira Carbonffera de A r ar an gu a; C C C : C o m p an h ia C ar b o n f f e r a do C am b u f ;C.C.C.: C o m p an h ia C ar b o n f fe r a Ca t a r i nensa . S.A.; C C S A : C ar b o n f fe r a C r ic r iu m a, S.A.;C C U : C o m p an h ia C ar b o n f f e r a d e U r u ssan ga; C O C A L IT: C o q u a C at ar in en se Ltda.;C O P EL M I: C o m p an h ia d e Pesquisas a Lavras Minerals; CMSA: Carbonffera Metropolitana, S.A.CNMC: C o m p an h ia d e Mineracao C an d io t a; CP : Carbonffera Palermo Ltda.;CPSA: Carbonffera Prospers, S.A.; CPCAN: C o m t esao do P ian o d e C ar vao Nac lo n al ;C P R M : C o m p an h ia da Pesquisa de Recursos Minerals; CR M: C o m p an h ia R io gr an d ese d e M in er agS o ;CT SA: Carbonffera Trevlso; DNPM: Departamento Nacional da Producao Mineral;IBRAMiL: Ibracoqua MineragSo Ltda.; ICRDL: Industrie Carbonffera Rio D eser t o Ltda.;IDESP: Instituto d e Desen vo K/ im en t o d o Es t ad o do Part; KPM: Klabin do P ar an a Mineracao, S/A;M F C N M C B B : Massa Falida d a C o m p an h ia Naclonal da M n are 9 6 0 d e C ar vao do Barro Blan c o ;MSH: M in er ad o r a Santa Helofea Ltda.; PETROBRAS: Petroleo Brasllero, S.A.': Indicates tha total n u m b er of beds p r esen t -d o es n o t reflect t he number of b ed s b e in g m in ed2 : Ash. sulfur, volat ile matter, an d m o is t u r e va lu es ar e mostly b ased on a s- recei v ed basis


29/44


30/44

Chi le-Cont inuedValdivia

ValdivlaValdiviaLos Lagos

Los LagosLos LagosLos Lagos

MagallanesMagallanesMagallanes

MagallanesMagallanes

Magallanes

MagallanesMagallanes

MagallanesMagallanesMagallanes

Magallanes

18

19

2021

222324

252627

2829

30

3132

333435

36

San Jose deMariquina

Rib San PedroPupunahuePunta de la

GaleraValdivia Basin

ParagaOrsona/ La

UnionMina ChllenaRib Rubens

Mina Dorotea

Mina MagdalenaMina Elena

(Valle)Mina Josefina

(Sara)Is a Riesco

Peckett

Mina VuicanoMina LoretoMina Santa

ClaraTierra del Fuego

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

ENACARBH P UtahENACAR

ENACARENACAR

ENACAR

ENACARCOCAR

ENACAR ?ENACARENACAR

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Un.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.nonenone

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.S

nonenonenone

n.a.

?

LM7?

77?

???

LMLM

LM

LM?

?7?

?

Tert.

Ten.Tert.Tert.

Tert.Tert.Tert.

Tert.Tert.Tert.

Tert.Tert.

Tert.

Tert.Tert.

Tart.Tert.Tert.

Quat.

sub.

sub.sub.sub.

sub.sub.sub.

sub.sub.sub.sub.sub.

sub.

sub.sub.

sub.sub.sub.

peat

n.a.

1

1n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

8

14

2413

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.


9.7

n.a.17.0

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.


0.38

n.a.0.6-1.0n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.


37.0

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.


19.0

n.a.1.3

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

12.222?

n.a.2.270

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

': In d ic at es total number of beds present ; not n u m b er of b ed s m in ed2 : Ash, sulfur, volatile matter an d moisture ar e m o st ly b ased on an a s- recei v ed basteENA C A R : Em p r esa N a ci ona l del C ar b o n , S.A.; C O C A R : C o m p ar t ia de C ar b o n es C h i le , S.A.;C VL : C o m p af i ia Victoria de Lebu; BH P Utah: Broken Hill Propert ies; SCHWAGER: Schwager, S.A.


31/44

Coal mines and occurrences in Colombia[Note: Data reflect information acquired during vis it to country- In ternal adm. area, interna l administrative area;S. , surface mine; E., exploration phase; LM , local mining-type unknown; an., anthracite ; bit., bituminous;sub., subbituminous; lig., l ignite; Tert., Tertiary; Cret. , Cretaceous.]

Internal adm.area

Guajira

Guajira

GuajiraGuajiraCesarCesarCesar

Cesar

CesarNorta de

SentanderSantanderAntioquia

CordobaCordobaCordoba

Mapnumber

Ka)

Kb)

23456

7

89

1011121314

Coal Field,occurrence/

mine nameEl Cerrejon/Zona

NorteEl Cerrejon/Zona

Centraln.a.

OreganalLa Jagua de Iblrico

El DescansoLa Loma

Calenturitas

La Palma/PerljaTasajero

Sa n VicenteUrabe/Mutata/Cigoroda

Mina ZimbaTaraza/Rfo ManCienaga de Oro

Operator

Carbocol

Intercor

ProdecoCb del CarCb del CarCarbocol

Drummond/CarbocolProdeco

CarboAndesCarbocol

CarbocolCarbocol

Cb del Carn.a.n.a.

Minetypa

S

S

E/SE/S8EE

E

Sn.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

Recoveryactivity

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.LMLM

LM

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

LMLMLM

Age

Tart.

Tert.

Tert.Tert.Tert.Tert.Tert.

Tert.

Tert.Tert.

Tert.Tert.

Tert.Tert.Tert

Rank

bh./sub.

bit./sub.

bit./sub.bit./sub.bit./sub.bit. sub.bit./sub.

bit./sub.

bit./sub.bit.

bit.sub.

sub./bit.sub.

fig./sub.

Numberof beds 1

40

40

303010??

16

?

??

?1

1717

Ash (%)*

8.25

5.94

n.a.5.0-7.0

n.a.7.924.63

5.0-7.0

low12.52

29.35n.a.

17.00n.a.n.a.

Sulfur (%)2

0.75

0.81

n.a.0.6-0.75

n.a.0.560.6

0.4-0.6

low1.0

1.75n.a.

1.50n.a.n.a.

Vol.Mattar%)*32.80

34.38

n.a.35.0-37.0

n.a.n.a.

41.44

34.0-36.0

high34.07

28.45n.a.

34.50n.a.n.a.

Moisture(%)*

n.a.

n.a.


n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

Heat value(kcal/kg)

6.500

6,666

n.a.n.a.n.a.

5,9937,320

6.388-6,5556,6667.260

5,8304.7224.7224.7224,722


32/44

Colombia-ContinuedSucreBolivar

CordobaAntfoquia

CaldasChocoCauca

Valle del Cauca

VaHe del CaucaCundinamarcaCudinamarca

Boyaca

Boyaca

BoyecaCundinamerca/

BoyacaCundinamarca/

BoyacaCundinamarca/

BoyacaCundinamarce/

Boyaca

CundinamarcaCundinamarca

CundinamarcaAmazonas

1516171819202122

23242526

27

2829

30

31

32

3334

3536

Sa n JacintoPuri/Caceri

Alto Sa n JorgaAmaga/Sopetran

Rio Suclo/QuinchiaTado

MercaderesSuerez/Piayon/

DtndeValle del CaucaPubenza/Dindal

GuatiquiaTunja/Pelpa/

DuttemaSogamoso/Morca/Topaga/ Paz del

Rio/JericoVesquez

Lenguazaque

Sueva/Umbita/Lagttota

Cogua/Samaca

Guecheta

La PraderaEl Saito

Rib FrioLatecia

n.a.n.a.

CerbocolCarbocolCarbocolCarbocolCarbocolCarbocol

CarbocolCarbocolCarbocol

n.a.

n.a.

CarbocolProdeco

Carbocol

Carbocol

Carbocol

CarbocolCarbocol

Carbocoln.a.

n.a.n.a.

Sn.a.n.a.nonen.a.none

Sn.a.n.a.none

n.a.

n.a.S

n.a.

n.a.

n.e.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.LMn.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.LMLMn.a.

LM

LMn.a.

LM

LM

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.E

Tert.Tert.Tert.

Tert./Cret.Tert.Tert.Tert.Tert.

Tert.Tert./Cret.Tert./Cret.Tert./Cret.

Tert./Cret.

Tert./Cret.Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.Tert./Cret.

Tert./Cret.Tert.

lig.sub.sub.

sub. an.bit.

sub./bh.sub.

sub. an.

sub. an.sub.bit.

sub.

sub.

an ./sub.bit.

bit.

bit.

bit.

bit.bit.

bit.sub.

24179

8+?43

12948

17

310

5

14

?

?2

172

n.e.n.a.

15.5612.30n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

30.10n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

21.2n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.8.0-15

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.1.320.42n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

1.70n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

1.30n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.0.90-0.96

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

35.4836.40n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

25.70n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

29.30n.e.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.28.0-34.0

n.a.n.a.


n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

4.7925.455n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

5.122n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

5.788n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.6,650-7.333n.a.n.a.

C ar b o c o l : C ar b o n es da C o lo m b ia, S.A. ( INTER C O R an d EXXON ar e affiliated with C ar b o c o l ) ; Cb d e l C ar : C ar b o n es d e l C ar ib e . 8.A.Prodeco: Productos de C o lo m b ia, S.A.; Dr u m m o n d : Dr u m m o n d Lta.; CarboAndes: C ar b o n es d e loe Andes, S.A.': Indicates the total n u m b ar of be ds p r esen t -d o es n o t raflact the n u m b e r of beds being m in ed2 : Aeh, eulfur, volat ile matter, an d m o is t u r e ar e most ly b ased on an as-received basis


33/44

Coal mines and occurrences in Ecuador[Note: Data ha s been reviewed by scientists from the Inst i tute Ecuatoriano de Mineria in Quito. Data reflects their suggested changes in the table b e l o w and on the map.LM , loca l mining-type u n kn o w n ; E, exploration phase; 7. u n kn o w n ; n.a., n ot available; lig., l ignite; sub. , subbituminous; In ternal adm. area. Internal Adminis trat ive Area.]

Internaladm. area

LojaLoja

AzuayPichincha

AzuayCafiar/Azuay

Guayas

GuayasManablManabl

Morona-Santiago

Chimborazo

Napo

Mapnumber

12

34

567

89

10

11

12

13

Coal Field,occurrence/mine nameMalacatos

Rib Malacatos(Lola)

NabdnSa n Antonio de

Pichincha

Cafiar/Azoques-BiblianBibHan

Punta SantaElena

ProgresoPedernalesCabo San

MateoCuenca

Amazonas

Cuenca ElDerrumboTena

Operator

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Minatype

??

NoneNona

??

None

?None

?

E

None

E

Recoveryactivity

LMLM

n.a.n.a.

LM

LMdrill hole

drill holedrillholedrill hole

drill hole

n.a.

drill hole

Age

Tert.Tert.

Tert.Quat.

Tert.Tert.Tart.

Tert.Tert.Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Rank

Hg./sub.sub.

fig.H a .

Hg./sub.ub.fig.

Kg .Kg .Kg .

g .

Hg./sub.

Hg .

Numberof bede1

85

?1

2??

???

?

1

4

Ash(%) 2

158

n.a.n.a.

6.4-6.0n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Sulfur (%)2

88

n.a.n.a.

1-1.7n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Vol.matter (%)2

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Moisture(%)2

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Heat value(kcal/kg)

4.5002,600-5.500n.a.n.a.

4,000n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.': Indicates the total n u m b er of beds present - does not reflect the n u m b er of beds being mined2 : Ash, eurfur, volat ile matter an d m o is t u re values ar e most ly b ased on a n as-received basis


34/44

Coal mines and occurrences in Guyana[Note: Data reflect in format ion acquired through a literature search as well as data obtained from the Guyana Geology an d Mines Commission.Interna l a d m . area. In ternal Adminis trat ive Area; ?, u n kn o w n ; n.a., n o t available; Quat. , Quaternary]Internal adm.

area

DemeraraDemerara ?

??

Mapnumber

1234


En moreHubu

SpringiandsLow Ground

Operator

nonenonenonenone

Minetype

nonenonenonenone

Recoveryactivity

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

Age

Quat.?Quat.Quat.Quat.

?

Rank

peatpeatpeatpeat

Numberof beds 1

????

Ash (%)2

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

Sulfur (%)2

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

Vol. Matter(%)2

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

Moisture(%)2

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

Heat value(kcal/kg)

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

NJ

1 : Indicates the total of beds p r esen t ; does not reflect the n u m b er of beds being m in ed2 : Ash, sulfur, volatile matter an d m o is t u r e ar e m o st ly b ased o n an as -r ec e ived b as is


35/44

Coal mines an d occurrences in Paraguay[Note: Data wa s reviewed by scientists from the Ministerio de Obras y Communicaciones in Asunci6n. Suggested changes have b e e n incorporated into th e table an d m a p .Internal a d m . area. In ternal a dminis trat ive area; lig., l ignite; n.a., n ot available; 7. uncer tain; LM., loca l mining-type u n kn o w n ; Jur., Jurassic. ]Internaladm. area

Caaguazu

Caaguazu

PresldenteHayes

Neembucu

Mapnumber

1

2

3

4


CoronetOviedoSan Juaquin

Ypacaray

Pilar

Operator

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Mine typa

none

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Recoveryactivity

outcrop

n.a.

LM

n.a.

Age

Jur.

Jur.

Jur.

Jur.

Rank

lig.

peat

peat

peat

Numberof beds 1

1

1

1

?

Ash (%)2

37.6

48.0

n.a.

n.a.

Sulfur (%)2

0.3

0.1

n.a.

n.a.

Vol.matter (%)2

37.3

33.3

n.a.

n.a.

Moisture(%)2

10.0

48.0

n.a.

n.a.

Heat value(kcal/kg)

4.640-6,800n.a.

n.a.

n.a.': Indicates the total n u m b e r of beds p r esen t -d o es n o t reflect the n u m b e r of beds being mined2 : Ash, sulfur, volati le matter, an d m o is t u r e va lu es ar e most ly b ased on an as-received basis


36/44

Coal mines and occurrences in Peru[Note: Data ha s been reviewed by scientists from Minero Peru an d from SENAGE (formerly INGEMMET).Changes and correct ions have been made according to the ir recommendat ions.E., exploration phase; LM.. loca l mining-type u n kn o w n ; n.a., not avai lable , 7. u n kn o w n ; Kg., l ignite;meta. , meta-anthracite; an., anthracite; bit., bituminous; sub., subbituminous; Internal adm. area, interna ladministrative area;Tert . , Ter t iary; Cret. , Cretaceous; Jur., Jurassic.]

Intemaiadm.area

Tumbes

TumbesTumbes

Piura/SullanaPiura/Palta

LambayequeCajamarca/HualgayocCajamarcaCajamarca/Celendin

Cajamarca/Santa Cruz

Cajamarca/ SantaCruz

Cajamarca/ Lakin Canada

Cajamarca/Cajabamba

Mapnumber

1

2345

67

89

10

11

12

13


Zorritos

Caleta CruzCasitas

Jahuay NegroSilla dePaita

MotupePinapata/Tuco

HualgayocPunte

Cuptenique

San Benito

Yanacancha

Huayday

Operator

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Mine type

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Recoveryactivity

LM

LMLMLMLM

LMLM

LMn.a.

n.a.

n.a.

LM

LM

Age

Tert.


Cret.Cret.

Cret.Cret.

Cret.

Cret.

Cret.

Cret.

Rank

Kg.

K g -lig.K g .Kg.

an.an.

an.an.

an.

an.

an./bh.

an.

Numberof beds 1

?

7???

?5

4?

5

?

2 +

8

Ash (%)2

20.-36.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.6.0-35.0

n.a.n.a.

8.0-12.0

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Sulfur (%)2

4-5

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.0.6-1.2

n.a.n.a.

0.6

n.a.

1.5

n.a.

Vol. matter(%)2

27.00-32.00n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.3.0-8.0

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

40.0-50.0

n.a.

Moisture(%)2

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Heat value(kcal/kg)

2.700-4,300n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.6,400-7,600n.a.n.a.

6,750

n.a.

7.000

n.a.


37/44


38/44

Peru Cont inuedAncash

Ancash/ PallascaAncash/ Caraz

Ancash/ PallascaAncash/ PallascaAnoash/ Pallasco

AncashAncash/ HuariAncash/ HuariAncash/ HuariAncash/ Huari

HuanucoAncash/ Huari

Ancash/ HuariAnoash/ Huari

Pasco/DACPasco/DACPasco/DAC

Pasco/DACHuanuco/ Do s de

MayoLima/ ChancayLima/ Chancay

30

3132

33343536373839404142

4344454647

4849

5051

Sihuas/TaricaSanta

Buenaventura/Caraz

PallasquinaPotrcros

La LimenaLa SateadaSan LuteChacasHuari

Santa RosaHuallanca

San Marcos/Huari

TampillasJuprocLLacsa

QoyllarisquizaQuishuar-

cancha/JaraVincuscanchaQueropatca

HuanchoYacu

n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.


n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

nonen.a.



n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.LM

n.a.LMLMn.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.LMn.a.

n.a.LM

n.a.n.a.

Cret.

Cret.Cret.

Cret.Cret.Cret.Cret.Cret.Cret.Cret.Cret.Cret.Cret.

Cret.Cret.Cret.Cret.Cret.

Cret.Cret.

Cret.Cret.

an.

bit /an.an.

an.an.anbit.bit.bit.bit.an.an.an.

bit.bit.sub.

sub./bit.sub.

sub.bit.

btt./sub.bit./sub.

1

6 +1

5 +5 +2

?????515

??

4+44

4?

??

4.0-6.0

n.a.8.6

n.a.n.a.13.0n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.20.0n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.54.048.0

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.0.8


n.a.n.a.n.a.12.02.8

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

4.0-6.0

n.a.3.5

n.a.n.a.2.0n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.6.5n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.23.429.0

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.



n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.6.750


6,394n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

3,500

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.


39/44

Peru Cont inuedLima/ Cajatambo

Lima/ CajatamboLima/ ChancayLima/ Chancay

Junta/ Yauli

Junin/ YauliJunln/ConcepckSnJunin/Concepcion

HuancaveHcaHuancavelicaHuancavelicaHuancavelicaHuancavelica

Cusco ?Arequipa/ Isiay

Puno/PunoPuno

MoqueguaMoqueguaMoqueguaArequipa/Caylloma

52

53545556

5758

59

60616263646566676869707172

Oyon

SaquicochaYanquilParquin

Marcapomaco-chaPomacochaJatunhuasi

Nahunpuquio

VilcaLircay

PilpichacaSanta AnaChurcampaLialiahue ?

Toco VelingoViique

MafiazoIsquirpo

TamizguePampillaSumbay

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.


n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.


LM

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.LM

n.a.


Cret.

Cret.Cret.Cret.Cret.

Cret.Cret.

Cret.

Cret.Cret.Cret.Cret.Cret.

Cret./Jur.Cret./Jur.Cret./Jur.Cret./Jur.Cret./Jur.Cret./Jur.Cret./Jur.Cret./Jur.

sub.

sub.sub.sub.sub.

sub.bh./sub.

sub.

sub.sub.sub.

sub./bft.sub./bft.

bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.bit.

11

11???

?6

?

?????????1114

6.0-12.0

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.6.0-20.0

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.17.4

0.7

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.0.6-2.0

n.a.


16.0-22.0

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.32.0-38.0

n.a.


n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.


7.000-7,600n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.5.000-7.000n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

6.945


40/44

Peru Cont inuedArequipa/CayOoma

Arequipa/Cast lia

Moquegua/Carumas

Moquegua/Carumas

Moquegua/Carumas

Tacna/PalcaCuzco/Paruro

Cuzco/ChumbivilcaArequipa/ La

UnionLoretoLoertoLoratoLoreto

Lorato

Loreto

Loreto

Loreto

73

74

75

76

77

787980

81

82838485

86

87

88

89

Murco

Corire

Carumas

Estampar-que ?

Mtequini ?

PalcaParuroLivttaca

Cotahuasi

ChambaraRequenaRequena

San Pablo/RfoAmazonasPebas/RioAmazonasIquitos/RfbAmazonasNauta/RfbAmazonas

SanAntonlo/Rfb

Marafion

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.E

noneE

E

E

E

E

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.drill holeoutcropdrill hole

drill hole

drill hole

drill hole

drill hole

Cret./Jur.

Cret./Jur.

Cret./Jur.

Cret./Jur.

Cret./Jur.

Cret./Jur.Tert.Tert.

Tert.

Tert.Tert.Cret.Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

bit.

bit.

bh./an.

bit.

bit.

bit.Hg.lig.

u g .lig.lig.an.fig.

lig.

lig.

lig.

lig.

2

1

3

3

1

112

1

1 +111

1

1

1

1

15.0

n.a.

2.0-5.0

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

3.5

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

27.0

n.a.

9.0-38.0

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

7.300

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

1 : Indicates tha total n u m b ar of b ed s p r esen t -d o es n o t reflect the n u m b e r of beds being mined2 : Ash, sulfur, volati le matter an d m o is t u r e values ar e most ly b ased on an as-recalved basisDA C : Dan ie l A. Carrion


41/44


42/44

Coal mines and occurrences in Uruguay[Note: Data reflect in format ion acquired from DINAMIGE during visit to the country. In ternal adm. area . Interna l administrative area; E., exploration phase;?. u n kn o w n ; n.e., n o t available; sub., subbituminous; Tert., Tertiary; Perm., Permian bu t some Carboniferous; Carb. , Ca rboniferous.]

Internaladm. area

Cerro Largo

Cerro Largo

Cerro Largo

Treinta y Tree

Tacuarembo

Tacuarambo

Cerro Largo

Cerro Largo

Canelone* orSan Jose

Maldonado

Mapnumber

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10


Canada deLos BurrosPicada deQregorio

Cuchilia deMelo

Estancia LaCordilleraAnsina/Paso

BorrachoClara

Cerro Bianco

Rfo Negro/Pailaros

Bafiado Estede SantaTeresa

Carrasco

Operator

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Minetype

none

E

none

none

E

E

E

E

?

?

Recoveryactivity

outcrop

drill hole

outcrop

outcrop

drill hole

drill hole

drill hole

outcrop

drill hole

n.a.

Age

Perm./Carb.

Perm./Carb.

Perm./Carb.Perm./Carb.Perm./Carb.Perm./Carb.Perm./Carb.Perm./Carb.Tert.

Quat.

Rank

sub.

sub.

sub.

sub.

sub.

sub.

sub.

sub.

peat

peat

Numberof beds1

3

3

3

1

1

1

1

1

3

?

Ash (%)2

36.46

36.0-46.0

36.0-46.0

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

10.0

n.a.

Sulfur (%)2

1.4-4.1

1.4-4.1

1.4-4.1

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Vol.matter (%)2

26.0-35.0

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

64.0

n.a.

Mobture(%)2

10.0-14.0

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

15.0

n.a.

Heat value(deal/kg)

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

2.577

1,132-2,0021 : Indicates the total n u m b e r of beds present-does no t reflect the n u m b er of beds being m in ed2 : Ash, sulfur, volat i le matter and moisture values ar e m o st ly b ased on an as -r eo e ived baste


43/44

Coal mines an d occurrences in Venezuela[Note: Data ha s been reviewed by scientists from Carbozul ia an d from the Min is ter io de Energfa y Minas.A m e n d e d changes have been incorporated into the table an d m a p . S., surface mine; U., underground m i n e ;E., explorat ion phase; LM., loca l mining-type unknown; *, expor t quality; bit., bituminous; sub., subbituminous;lig., lignite; ?, unk now n; n.a., n o t available; Tert.. Tertiary; Quat. , Quaternary!

Interanl adm.area

ZulU.

Zulia

Zulia

Zulia

Zulia

Tachira

TachiraTachiraTachiraTachiraTachira

Anzoategui

Anzoategui

Anzoategui

Mapnumber

1

2

3

4

5

6

789

101112

13

14

Coal Field,occurrence/mine nameGuasare/MfnaNorteQuasare/PasoDiablo*

Quasare/Socuy

Quasare/Cachlri/lnciarteTocuco/Aricuba/Rfb de OroFranja NoorientalLa Frfa-EI VljiaLobateraLas AdjuntasRubloSanto DomingoSan AntonioNaricual

Mlna AguasCalienteLas Delicias

operator

CZ-CV-M

CZ/AGC

CZ/SCI/VO

CZ

CZ

CS O

csoCS Ocs ocsocs o

Ven. 1166YQPLC

CV

CP O

Mine type

S/U

S

E

E

E

E

Sn.a.

SEE

S/U

E

n.a.

Recoveryactivity

drill hole

drill hole

drill hole

drill hole

n.a.

n.a.

drill holen.a.n.a.S/Un.a.n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Age

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Tert.Tert.Tert.Tert.Tert.Tert.

Tert.

Tert.

Rank

sub./bit.

sub./bit.

sub./bit.

sub. bit.

sub./bit.

sub./bit.

sub./bit.sub./bit.sub./bit.sub./bit.sub./bit.bit. sub.

sub.

sub.

Numberof beds 1

30

30

30

30

15

1

1 +7 +7 +20?

27

1

1

Ash (%f

7.5

7.5

3.40

2.86

3.0

18.8

18.8n.a.18.8

1.5-19.71.5-19.7

2.1

n.a.

n.a.

Sulfur (%) 2

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.8

0.5

0.94

0.94n.a.0.94

0.19-4.60.19-4.6

1.2

n.a.

n.a.

Vol.matter (%)2

34.5

34.5

37.26

38.3

38.0

43.3

43.3n.a.43.3

38.5-63.038.5-53.0

39.8

n.a.

n.a.

Moisture(%)2

n.a.

n.a.

4.93

4.28

n.a.

n.a.


n.a.

n.a.

Heat value(kcal/kg)

7,027

7.030

7,494

7.438

7.200

7,000


7,680

n.a.

n.a.


44/44

Venezuela-ContinuedAnzoateguiAnzoateguiAnzoateguiAnzoategui

QuaricoAragua

AraguaAraguaFalcon

AnzoateguiAnzoateguiAnzoategui

Aragua

15161718

1920

21222324252627

Sa n Antonio EMines De ArribaFila Maestra*Santa Maria deIpin*UnareEl Corozo/Sabana QrandeTaguayEl Pefidn*Cerro PeiaoPiacoaMonagasPariaguanPara para

CP OCP OCV

CP O

CP OCP O

CP OCP OCFCF

CP OCP OCP C

n.a.n.a.

SE

EE/S

EES

nonenonenonenone

n.a.n.a.n.a.drill hole

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.drill holen.a.n.a.


Tert.Tert.

Tert.Tert.Tert.Quat.Tert.Tert.Tert.

sub.sub.

W./8Ub.

Kg.

sub.bit.

sub.lig./sub.lig./sub.

peatHg./bk.

bit.sub./bit.

11

281

12 +

2 +3 +2

n.a.111

n.a.n.a.6.0n.a.

n.a.6.84

8.86.415.02.7n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.0.96n.a.

n.a.2.25

2.93.284.12.3n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.40n.a.

n.a.42.74

38.042.7734.20n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.e.n.a.8.9n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

12,000n.a.

n.a.7.300

5.7005.700 ?6,388n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.

cre ne n-ob

C Z : C ar b o zu l ia , S.A.; CV: Cavoven; AGC: A gip c o al ; SCI/VO: S h e l l C o al International/ Veba O el ; Y QP L C : Y o u n g Group PLC; CF: C o r p o Falc o n , S.A.; C S O : C o r p o su o es t e ; C P O : C o r p o r ien t e ; C P C : C o r p o c en t r o ; M: Messey.1 : Indicate:) the total number of be ds present - does not reflect the number of beds being mined2 : Ash, sulfur, volat ile matter, an d mobture valu es ar e mostly b ased on an as-received basis

coal report south americal coal 01

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