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❘ 2
Accelergy Team Goals
● Economically produce transporta4on fuels from coal
● Provide technology with World’s highest thermal efficiency
● Minimize water use
● Ensure 100% Carbon Capture and U4liza4on (CCU)
❘ 3
Interna4onal Team Combines “Best” of East and West
Technology Providers
Demonstration Engineering Contractors
PARC CCRI
❘ 4
Direct Coal Liquefac4on Process Result of 30 Year Development Program
● Three scale-‐up steps (0.03, 1, and 250 T/D) to minimize risk
● Tested lignite, sub-‐bituminous, and bituminous coals extensively
● Defined impact of key variables on operability and produc4vity
– Included catalysts, reactor types, donor solvent, upgrading, etc.
• Equipment design guides developed during 1,000 B/D demo
• No need for addi7onal equipment tes7ng
● 1st and 2nd Genera4on DCL Processes declared Technically Ready
– Requires 0.1 T/D integrated confirma7on run for new coals
❘ 5
Dis4nguishing Features of 2nd Genera4on Microcataly4c Coal Liquefac4on (MCL)
● Based on ppm level Microcatalyst addi4on
● Eliminates solvent hydrotreater and associated energy loss
● Uses low recycle gas rates -‐ minimizes compression and equipment cost
● U4lizes slurry liquefac4on reactors
● BoXoms recycle
● Produces a raw 380°C minus product from liquefac4on
● Fixed bed upgrading to premium, all transporta4on fuels product
Design offers highest thermal efficiency and lowest investment/operating cost
❘ 7
CCRI MCL Opera4ons on Ordos Basin Coal
Up to 67wt% (maf) C5/380°C liquid produced from high inertinite, Ordos Basin coal
0 10 20 30
Rela4v
e As Con
tent, %
Days on Coal
Condition 1
Condition 2
Yankuang Demo
For direct liquefaction, the ash level in the unconverted coal is a direct measure of conversion to liquid fuels and the stability of the operation.
❘ 8
MCL Successfully Demonstrated On Ordos Basin Coal
● Basis for Yankuang NDRC submiXal
● Modified unit achieved 100% Service Factor
● No reactor deposits or solids buildup
● Operated without solvent hydrotreater
● Recycle gas rate minimized
● Liquid product 380°C Minus
❘ 9
Criterion Upgrading Demonstrated on Ordos Basin Product
● Raw MCL product upgraded to finished diesel and jet fuel
– Two stage upgrading u7lized with Criterion catalysts – Euro 4 blends prepared with Yankuang derived F-‐T diesel – Jet fuel and U.S. diesel products also produced from MCL
● All diesel and jet fuel samples meet product specifica4ons
– Final products free of sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen
❘ 10
Upgrading of MCL Product to On-‐Specifica4on Diesel or Jet Fuel Demonstrated
MCL derived fuels have high volumetric Btu content and excellent cold flow properties
Product U.S. Diesel Euro 4 Diesel (1) Jet Fuel
Specific Gravity 0.87 0.84 0.83
Combustion PropertiesSmoke Point, mm n.a. n.a. 24Cetane Number 47 52 n.a.
Cold Flow Properties. °CCloud Point < -‐35 < -‐10 n.a.Freeze Point n.a. n.a -‐64
Note: (1) Blend of Yankuang F-‐T and MCL diesel
❘ 11
Range of Commercial Applica4ons Defined
● Based on Ordos Basin Coal
● All balanced plants (no import or export of power)
● Plants include onsites and offsites (coal drying, etc.)
● Finished products leaving plant baXery limits
● Cases do not include Accelergy Carbon Capture and U4liza4on (CCU)
– Will be addressed in later slides
❘ 12
Accelergy Offers Highest Known Thermal Efficiencies
F-T MCL & F-T MCL Only MCL Only Coal Coal Coal Coal / Natural Gas
Typical GTL
(Yankuang)
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
Thermal Efficien
cy, %
HHV
❘ 13
CO2 Produc4on Lower For High Efficiency Cases
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
% of Feed Ca
rbon
to CO2
F-T MCL + F-T MCL MCL Coal Coal Coal Coal + Natural Gas
Typical GTL
❘ 14
Features of Accelergy TerraSync™ Carbon Capture and U4liza4on (CCU) Technology
● Converts CO2 into bio-‐fer4lizer or soil remedia4on agent
● Con4nues to consume CO2 aher applica4on to fields or desert
– Typically 30 7mes the CO2 (over life 7me) required to produce TerraSync™
● Bio-‐fer4lizer returns carbon from the atmosphere back into soil
– Restores soil fer7lity – Fixes nitrogen from the air
● Can also be used as a soil condi4oner
❘ 16
TerraSync™ CCU Advantages Over Carbon Capture and Sequestra4on (CCS)
● CCS
– Energy intensive – Only applicable to areas with appropriate geologic structure – Risk of future release
● MCL / TerraSync™ (CCU)
– Only requires processing of 1/30th of CO2 produced – Pure CO2 available from MCL at pressure
– Ammonia byproduct available as nutrient for algae growth
– Waste heat available from MCL for drying
– Nitrogen fixa7on reduces need for synthe7c fer7lizers
❘ 17
Commercial Status
● Yankuang MCL / F-‐T Project submiXed to NDRC
– 3.4 million metric tons/year fuels capacity
– Based on high iner7nite, Ordos Basin coal – MCL and Upgrading fully demonstrated
– Diesel meets Euro 4 specifica7ons
– U7lizes TerraSync™ to offset CO2 emissions
– TerraSync demo scheduled to start 2nd Q
– Exceeds NDRC targets for thermal efficiency, water use, CO2 reduc7on
● U.S. Feasibility Studies focused on diesel and jet fuel
– Will take full advantage of available low cost, natural gas
❘ 18
Bright Future Predicted
● Accelergy only technology plajorm to fully meet NDRC requirements
– Offers route to offset China’s rapidly increasing oil imports
– Reduces concerns over oil availability and unstable price – Extends life of coal reserves – Produces required high quality diesel and jet fuel – TCC evalua7on confirms aerac7ve economics
● AXrac4veness improves when both coal and natural gas available
– Significantly reduces investment and increases efficiency
– Combina7on of coal and gas op7mum; avoids CO2 produc7on from coal or H2O produc7on from GTL